The meaning of William Lovett in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, BSE.
British activist
William Lovett(8 May 1800 – 8 August 1877) was a British activist and leader of the Chartist political movement. He was one of the leading London-based artisan radicals of his generation.
A proponent of the idea that political rights could be garnered through political pressure and non-violent agitation, Lovett retired from more overt forms of political activity after a year of imprisonment on the political charge of seditious libel in 1839–1840. He subsequently devoted himself to the National Association for Promoting the Political and Social Improvement of the People, seeking to improve the lives of the poor workers and their children by means of a Chartist educational program put into practice.
Biography
Early activism
The London Working Men's Association
Lovett is best known for his role in the Chartist movement. Chartism, a campaign for parliamentary reforms intended to correct inequities remaining after the Reform Act of 1832, spanned roughly 1838 to 1850.
Arrest and prison term
Like the most leading Chartists, Lovett was arrested. In February 1839 the first Chartist Convention met in London, and on 4 February 1839 unanimously elected Lovett as its Secretary. On 13th May 1839 the Convention moved to Birmingham. Many supporters gathered in the city's Bull Ring, but local authorities had prohibited assembly there, and several were arrested. The Convention condemned the actions of police in breaking up the "riot", and posted placards which described the police who put down the riot as a "bloodthirsty and unconstitutional force". Lovett, as secretary, accepted responsibility for the placards, and was arrested along with John Collins, who had taken the placards to a printer. Lovett and Collins were later found guilty of seditious libel, and were sentenced to twelve months imprisonment in Warwick Gaol. They were released in July 1840.
The New life
While in prison Lovett, with Collins, wrote "Chartism, a New Organization of the People", which focused on Chartist Education. Once released Lovett retired from politics, and in 1841 formed the National Association for Promoting the Political and Social Improvement of the People, an educational body. The body was to implement his New Move educational initiative, through which he hoped poor workers and their children would be able to better themselves. The New Move was to be funded through a 1 penny per week subscription paid by those Chartists who had signed the national petition. Hetherington and Place supported the move, but O"Connor opposed the scheme in the Northern Star, believing it would distract Chartists from the main aim of having the petition implemented. The New Move was unable to generate the popular support that Lovett had hoped for. Membership never exceeded 5000, and education was limited to Sunday schools. The
William Lovett
Lovett, William (8.X.1800 - 8.VIII.1877) - leader of the Chartist movement, petty-bourgeois radical. He was a cabinetmaker, bookseller, and teacher. In the 1920s he participated in the cooperative movement and was interested in ideas R. Owen. Organizer of the London Chartist Association (founded in 1836), secretary of the Chartist convention of 1839. He was a supporter of moderate tactics (“moral force”) and agreement with the bourgeoisie. After his imprisonment (in 1839-1840), Lovett supported a number of attempts by bourgeois radicals to subordinate the Chartist movement to bourgeois leadership. By the end of the 40s, Lovett had actually moved away from Chartism, taking up teaching and journalism. Reformist authors (Hammage, Cole, etc.) exaggerate Lovett's role in the history of Chartism.
Soviet historical encyclopedia. In 16 volumes. - M.: Soviet Encyclopedia. 1973-1982. Volume 8, KOSSALA – MALTA. 1965.
Read further:
Historical Persons of Great Britain (biographical index).
England (selection of articles in the project "Historical Geography").
Essays:
The life and struggles in his pursuit of bread, L., 1876.
Literature:
Schluter G., Chartist movement, M., 1925;
Cole G. D. H., Chartist portraits, L., 1941.
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(Lovett) William (8.5.1800, near Penzance, - 8.8.1877, London), leader of the Chartist movement in Great Britain, petty-bourgeois radical. He was a cabinetmaker, bookseller, and teacher. In the 20s participated in the cooperative movement, was fond of the ideas of R. Owen. One of the organizers of the London Workers' Association (founded in 1836), secretary of the Chartist National Convention of 1839. He was a supporter of moderate tactics ("moral force"). After his imprisonment (1839-40), L. supported a number of attempts by bourgeois radicals to subordinate the Chartist movement to the bourgeois leadership. By the end of the 40s. actually moved away from Chartism.
Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB.
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Lovett(Lovett) William (8.5.1800, near Penzance, - 8.8.1877, London), leader of the Chartist movement in Great Britain, petty-bourgeois radical. He was a cabinetmaker, bookseller, and teacher. In the 20s participated in the cooperative movement, was fond of R.’s ideas. Owen. One of the organizers London Workers' Association (founded in 1836), secretary of the Chartist national convention of 1839. He was a supporter of moderate tactics (“moral force”). After his imprisonment (1839-40), L. supported a number of attempts by bourgeois radicals to subordinate the Chartist movement to the bourgeois leadership. By the end of the 40s. actually moved away from Chartism.
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