Green weather "barometers". Which plant is called a living barometer? Observations on the state of barometer plants
Galina Sharafieva
Project “Plants-barometers that predict weather”
1. Title subproject: « Plants are barometers, weather forecasters».
Tuzova Svetlana Viktorovna, children of the preparatory school group
(16 children, parents.
3. Venue: ecological path of kindergarten.
4.Type subproject:
according to the leading method: cognitive - research;
by the nature of the child’s participation in project: How "customer" project;
by the nature of contacts: inside one age group;
by number of participants: whole group;
by duration: medium duration (June August).
5. Purpose subproject: to form in senior preschool children age of presentation about flowers - barometers.
6. Objectives:
form children's ideas about plants - barometers, weather forecasters;
develop children's ability to install communications: state dependency plants- barometers depending on conditions weather;
develop children's memory and observation skills;
develop in children the ability to reflect received impressions in drawings and creative works;
to educate children in ecologically correct interaction with the nature of their immediate environment, which is safe both for the child and for nature itself.
7. Problem: find out how and what plants on the ecological path of the kindergarten predict the weather and why they are called barometers.
As always, in the summer, after breakfast we go for a walk. So it was on this day, though the weather was cloudy. The boys played ball, the girls played their favorite games, and Ksyusha and Varya stood near the flower bed. They looked for butterflies there, but could not find them, since some flowers were closed, others were drooping. The girls ran up to me and began vying with each other to ask why some of the flowers were closed? Then we called all the children and together with them we went to the flowerbed. The children looked at the flowers for a long time and compared them with the flowers in another flowerbed. It turned out that indeed, not all the flowers were closed and drooped, some were open. The guys stood in bewilderment. Then I drew the children’s attention to the sky and asked them to characterize the state weather. The guys quickly described what the sky was like above us. I found out from the children who predicts the weather, what tools are needed in order to find out what the day will be like. And in order to find out for ourselves the connection between cloudy and sunny skies and flowers, we decided to create project and name it« Plants are barometers, weather forecasters" We also decided to turn to the help of parents and a second teacher, because our observations should not have been interrupted.
In order for parents to understand what we will be doing, we held consultations with them and took them on an excursion to a viewpoint "Flowers-barometers"
To make it easier for us to collect material on this topic, we divided into groups: 1 group collected material directly from the view point "Flowers are barometers" ecological path of the kindergarten. Group 2 collected material about plants - barometers of growing on the ecological path of the kindergarten.
8. Resource support:
1. Material:
pictures and photos plants - barometers;
gifts for plants - barometers: wind spinners in the form of flowers;
diagram of the ecological path of the kindergarten;
fairy-tale hero viewpoint "Flowers are barometers" "Lesovichok";
computer presentations: « Plants, weather forecasters» ; “What kind of flowers are they?”; « Plants are barometers» .
children's educational and fiction literature;
didactic games on the topic subproject;
camera.
2. Methodological support:
1. Antsyperova T. A. Environmental projects(from the experience of the pro-gymnasium
No. 2 Volgograd): methodological manual. – Volgograd: Publishing house VGIPC RO, 2008. -96 p. Supplement to the magazine "Academic year" No. 87. Series “Environmental education. Issue 7.
2. Evdokimova E. S. Technology design in the educational space of the kindergarten. – Volgograd: Peremena, 2001.-83p.
3. Maslennikova O. M., Filippenko A. A. Ecological projects in kindergarten/ - Volgograd: Teacher, 2009- 232 p.: ill. With. 48-55.
4. Ryzhova N., Loginov L., Danyukova A. Mini-museum in kindergarten. – M.: Linka - press, 2008. -256 p.
5. Ryzhova N. A. Project"Garbage"// Preschool education. – 8. – 2001. –
№ 16 (64) .
6. Ryzhova N. A. Ecological project"My tree". – M.: "KARAPUZ DIDACTICS", shopping center "SPHERE", 2006. – 256 p.
7. A. N. Sergeev Live barometers near us. -D.: Stalker Publishing House, 2003.- 288 With: ill.
8. Cherezova L. B., Antsiperova T. A. Design activities in environmental education of children are the optimal form of continuity between preschool institutions and school. / System modernization in region: potential for advanced training and retraining of employees of educational institutions. Mat. regional scientific and practical conference, part 1. – Volgograd: publishing house VGIPC RO, 2005. – P. 92-95.
9. Shorygina T. A. Flowers. What are they? A book for educators. – M.: GNOM and D, 2002. – 64 p.
10. Children's encyclopedia. Flowers from A to Z. M.: Arguments and Facts, 1996. – 40 p.
IMPLEMENTATION STEPS SUB-PROJECT:
I. PREPARATORY
Target: give children primary information about plants– barometers and introduce them to the variety and features of these plants.
1. Examination of illustrations, photographs from plants - barometers.
2. Selection of scientific and artistic works.
3. Create a passport plants, view point "Flowers are barometers" ecological tropics of kindergarten.
4. Selection of material by parents for subproject on the topic:
creation of a folder by the Antonov family "Poems about predictor plants» ;
creation of a folder by the Tyrsenko family "Forecast weather from plants - barometers» ;
creation of a table by Ira Bogomolova’s family "Flowers - weather forecasters";
parents writing stories about « plants - barometers» .
5. Drawing up a long-term plan for working with senior preschool children age:
p/p Time Contents of activities with children
June Communication activity: conversation with children on topic: "Living Barometers".
activity: excursion with children along the ecological path of the kindergarten. Making a list " Plants- barometers on the ecological path of the kindergarten.”
June Cognitive and research activity: excursion to a viewpoint "Flowers are barometers" ecological path of the kindergarten.
June Communication activity:
conversation with children "Flowers are barometers".
June Cognitive and communicative activity: viewing and discussion presentations: « Plants, weather forecasters» .
6. June Cognitive and communicative activity: viewing and discussion of presentations created by parents.
June Productive activity: writing letters by children plants - barometers
July Communicative and productive activity: inventing and making didactic activities with children games: "I am a weather forecaster", “Complete the picture correctly”.
9. June-August Reading fiction literature: reading poems, stories, fairy tales, guessing riddles.
11. June - August Productive activity: drawings, applications, collages, modeling, etc.
June-August Cognitive and research activity: observing flowers with children using point-of-view barometers "Flowers-barometers" ecological path of the kindergarten.
13. June-August Productive activity: creation of phenological calendars by children "Flowers-barometers".
II. BASIC
Target: formation in children of senior preschool age of ideas about plants– barometers of the ecological path of the kindergarten, predicting the weather in summer.
1. Conversation with children "Living Barometers".
Talking to children about "living barometers", we tried to summarize the students’ knowledge about their diversity. The children became interested and wanted to know how to plants - barometers, and about animals - barometers. When parents came in the evening to take their children home, they asked them to go to the library and borrow books about plants-barometers and animal barometers.
Answered questions "Lesovichka":
Who predicts the weather?
Where can I find out about weather?
Who are called weather forecasters?
2. Excursion with children along the ecological path of the kindergarten.
On an excursion along the ecological path of the kindergarten, the children and I observed and looked at flowers, shrubs, and trees. To make it easy for children to find plants - barometers, our excursions were both sunny and cloudy weather. Any observation is a cognitive activity that requires attention, concentration, and mental activity from children, so our observations were short-lived.
After the excursion, the children and I made a list plants - barometers, growing on the ecological path of the kindergarten. Selected pictures to go with these plants.
2. Excursion to the viewpoint "Flowers are barometers" ecological path of the kindergarten.
Looking at the diagram of the ecological path of the kindergarten, we found a viewpoint "Flowers-barometers" and everyone went on an excursion together.
We looked at what flowers growing in a flower bed, picked up the pictures. Since this viewpoint of the ecological path of the kindergarten was called "Flowers-barometers" all the children agreed that all these flowers predict the weather. Our excursion took place both in sunny and cloudy days. weather. A fairy-tale hero "Lesovichok" I asked the children to come to this garden bed more often and then they would be able to see a lot of interesting things. So that children can understand what represent flowers - barometers, a conversation was held about these colors.
3. Conversation with children on topic: "Flowers are barometers".
Children have ideas about barometer colors, they met
with flowers, weather forecasters.
Answered questions "Lesovichka":
How are flowers, bushes, and trees different from each other?
Is that all plants smell?
Flowers, what kind plants Do they smell stronger before it rains?
4. View and discuss presentations: « Plants, weather forecasters» .
After watching the presentation, the children and I tried to remember what barometer plants grow on our ecological path. Found pictures of these plants and made a journal. Children happily shared their impressions with their parents when they were taken home and shown a magazine with pictures. plants - barometers.
6. View and discuss presentations created by parents.
The children watched the presentation with interest "Flowers. What are they like?. We met new flowers and recognized our friends. During the discussion, the children answered various questions:
What flowers do you know?
Why can't you pick and trample flowers?
What benefits do flowers bring?
To consolidate children's knowledge about plants - barometers, we watched another presentation « Barometer plants» .
7. Letter writing “living barometers”, registration and sending of letters.
Watching while walking plants - barometers, the children paid attention to the insects hovering around some plants. Have you noticed how some flowers have closed? plants in cloudy weather.
To find out why this happens,
we decided to write letters
barometer plants. Children having fun
wrote letters, designed them and signed them
envelopes, drew their own "questions".
8. Inventing and making didactic activities with children games:
To make it easy for children to remember names plants - barometers, we all decided to come up with games together. They helped children remember the names, reason, appearance, condition weather. We decided to call one of the games "I am a weather forecaster", and the other “Complete the picture correctly”. When the games were made, the children played them with pleasure.
9. Reading poems, stories, fairy tales, guessing riddles.
The children listened to the poems with interest,
stories, fairy tales. They solved riddles.
We found the necessary literature in
an ecologist's office or a methodological office.
Huge help in collecting literature
provided by parents who brought both books,
and magazines about plants - barometers.
10. Game activity.
During the walk, the children and I played verbal and physical games. Thanks to these games, children developed memory and speech, since the game included
every child is involved. In the group, children played various didactic and finger games.
11. Artistic and creative activities of children and parents.
An equally effective technique that promotes the manifestation of children’s creative abilities is the reflection of impressions from communication with plants in visual arts. While pretending, children clarify representation about the surrounding nature and thanks to this they learn about it more actively and deeply. The only thing condition: children should display the object like this,
so that others can easily recognize him. In this case, it is not so much the technique of execution that is important, but the ability to see and convey the characteristic
signs for this object. In the drawing, children convey the impressions that
they receive from the life around them, express their attitude to what they saw, heard, learned about, as if they re-experience what they saw, and as a result their knowledge is enriched and refined representation about objects and natural phenomena, observation and memory develop.
Parents also did not stand aside, along with their children they too
made some crafts and drawings.
12. Observation with children plants- barometers of the ecological path of the kindergarten.
Watching plants- Using barometers, the children learned that before the rain, dandelion, mallow, and calendula flowers close their inflorescences. From "Lesovichka" children learned that field bindweed, sour wood sorrel, clover, greater celandine, geranium, meadow cornflower, and potato flowers can tell about the approach of rain. Also "Lesovichok" told the children that before the rain, the flowers of acacia, phlox, and lilac smell stronger, releasing more nectar than usual, and thereby attracting swarms of insects. Together with the children we made an album of photo observations of flowers - barometers.
13. Creation of phenological calendars "Flowers-barometers".
The children had great fun designing the phenological calendars. Every time they noticed changes in the flowers - barometers, they sketched them. To involve all the children, they divided into groups.
If one of the children forgot to observe, then the other already took up a pencil and sketched what he saw.
III. FINAL
Target: presentation of results by children subproject.
We believe that the forecasting work described above weather should be carried out not for the sake of making a forecast weather, although this in itself is interesting and can be useful, but so that children develop mentally, creatively, so that environmental thinking, environmental consciousness and a value orientation towards nature are formed.
When our work was completed, all the material was collected and put in a folder, the children were not happy limit. We decided to make a presentation – an exhibition of our subproject for our parents and older kindergarten children. At this presentation, children showed their works, told fairy tales, and asked riddles. Presentation subproject took place in a friendly atmosphere.
Each of us, to a greater or lesser extent, is interested in what the weather will be like tomorrow? For a gardener, this question becomes even more relevant, because both the harvest and the splendor of flowering plants depend on the weather.
A person does not have the ability to react sensitively to weather changes, much less predict it, but many plants can help him with this.
Each leaf senses the moisture in the air, the warmth of the sun's rays and the direction of sunlight, and reacts to the slightest changes in the external environment. Plants are so sensitive to weather changes that by observing them, one can make a reliable short-term and sometimes long-term forecast. Many herbs, shrubs and trees will answer the questions of an inquisitive observer. Will it rain? How long will the sunny weather last and what will the winter be like? Man has been observing the behavior of plants for centuries, recording the patterns of their behavior in certain conditions, so the reliability of “plant weather forecasts” is very high.
The most sensitive weather predictor is the horse chestnut. A day or even two before bad weather, sticky droplets of juice appear on its leaves. Before rain, the tree literally holds its breath - gas exchange is greatly reduced. If droplets appear at the tips of canna or monstera leaves, then also expect rain. This is how these plants react to increased air humidity. The roots continue to “pump” water from the soil, but the leaves are not able to evaporate it all. So the droplets appear. This phenomenon is called guttation. Willow, alder, bird cherry, balsam, calliper and many other plants also have similar properties.
Water lilies also signal the approach of inclement weather: before the rain, they close and go under water. It would seem, why hide from the rain in the water? It turns out that in this way the plant protects the pollen of the flower from getting wet. Standing water does not penetrate into a tightly closed bud. Raindrops, hitting with great force, can wet the anthers even in a closed flower. In addition, during rain, water lilies can also be damaged by hail.
Before the rain, calendula, pansies, chicory, etc. close their flowers. Watching them, we can say with confidence that they will soon begin to drip.
Oxalis, or hare cabbage, is also an excellent barometer. If the flowers of this plant are open at night, it will definitely rain the next day. Before the rain, the leaves of the sorrel change their shape - they seem to fold. This is characteristic of wood sorrel and its garden forms. Clover leaves behave similarly.
In the bracken fern, the tips of the leaves bend upward before the rain, and after the rain, when good weather sets in, they straighten out and even curl downwards.
Dandelion predicts the weather very accurately. Its bright yellow flowers delight us in the spring in the meadow and cause a lot of trouble in the garden. If the flower is closed, expect bad weather. But sometimes it happens that it’s about to rain, the whole sky is covered with clouds, and the dandelion doesn’t even think of closing. In this case, we can confidently say that there will be no rain. After blooming, the dandelion continues to tell us about the weather, folding its fluffs before the rain and spreading them in front of the clear sky.
Before the rain, many flowers begin to smell stronger, releasing a lot of nectar, and insects actually hover over them. This happens with honeysuckle, currants, phlox, lilies, cottonweed, hyacinths, etc.
Daisies - these unpretentious flowers - also sense the approach of rain: they tilt their “head” to the ground and close.
Who doesn't love bells? These simple and at the same time graceful flowers can also tell us a lot about the upcoming weather. If the plant bends, tilting its blue heads, wait for rain. People have always treated this flower with respect. In medieval Germany there was even a belief that if someone picks a bell flower, it will definitely start to rain, but if you blow on it 3 times, the rain will stop.
Walking through the forest, we often pay attention to low herbaceous bushes with cherry or purple flowers. This is geranium. The plant has garden forms, and its relative, pelargonium, delights us with its flowering in pots. People call geranium a crane's bird - because how similar the box with the seeds of this plant is to the head of a crane! It turns out that before the rain, geraniums seem to stretch out, straightening their stems. From the seeds of this plant you can make a real barometer, they are so sensitive to changes in air humidity. In high humidity they straighten, and in dry weather they curl. Thus, once on the ground, they seem to be screwed into it.
Everyone knows the very “persistent” weed chickweed, or chickweed. We can say with confidence that a good half of the summer is spent fighting this uninvited guest of flower beds. But it can also tell us a lot of interesting things about the weather. If the white corolla of a woodlice flower is closed in the morning, the fight against it will have to be postponed - it will rain during the day. A few hours before bad weather, the woodlice’s leaves even seem to wither and fade - this is how it signals a change in weather with its entire appearance
In September-October, it is difficult to find a flowering plant in a forest or meadow, but in gardens at this time we are delighted with colchicums. Before bad weather, their flowers, if not completely closed, still look as if they are half-closed. This reaction is best observed on non-double forms of plants.
When predicting bad weather from flowers, one should take into account the time of day and the relatively slow response of plants to changing environmental conditions. In rainy weather or intense heat, everyone wonders: when will it end? And here plants can give us the answer. Everyone knows thistle. This plant predicts the end of bad weather with the spines of its inflorescence: before clearing and warming, they spread out in a horizontal plane, while before the rain they are compressed. The burdock flower behaves like a thistle.
In sandy areas, hairy hawkweed grows - a plant with soft elongated leaves covered with hairs and flowers similar to dandelion flowers. This plant can predict hot weather for us. If the hawkweed has turned its leaves inside out, then the heat will last another day or two. Here is another sign for the gardener: if pansies bow their heads to the ground in the evening, the night will be cold.
Long-term weather forecasts are always of interest to people. And here plants can tell us a lot of interesting things. Everyone knows this sign: bird cherry blossoms - wait for return frosts, but not everyone paid attention to how the flowering of lilacs and mountain ash is connected with weather conditions. It turns out that lilacs, as a rule, bloom on hot days, and after they bloom, the cold weather is unlikely to return to us. If the rowan tree has bloomed, expect prolonged warmth. People have noticed that “rowan” heat takes a long time to establish.
The most difficult time for nature is winter. Every gardener worries about his pets - how are they doing? By correctly forecasting the weather for the winter season, you can help plants survive this difficult time. People have noticed how some plants tell people about the coming winter. Thus, an early blooming crocus tells us that the winter will be long and fierce.
It is interesting that colchicum not only predicts a harsh winter, but is also able to “protect” from it. The Germans and Swiss prepare an ointment from colchicum flowers and use it to rub during severe cold, then their hands and feet freeze less. Expect a harsh winter if the hop harvest is large, as they say in Germany. There will be a lot of snow if the heather blooms luxuriantly.
The main thing for a hike in nature is the weather. A person does not have the ability to react sensitively to weather changes, much less predict it, but many barometer plants can help him with this. For a gardener, this issue becomes even more relevant, because both the harvest and the splendor of flowering plants depend on the weather. It turns out that you can learn about the weather not only from a barometer, but much easier: by taking a closer look at the surrounding nature, in particular, by looking at barometer plants. By observing them, you can make a reliable short-term and sometimes long-term forecast.
Barometer plants will readily and accurately tell you what the weather will be like. The most sensitive weather predictor is the horse chestnut. A day or even two before bad weather, sticky droplets of juice appear on its leaves. Before rain, gas exchange is greatly reduced. If droplets appear at the tips of the leaves, then also expect rain. This is how these barometer plants react to increased air humidity. The roots continue to “pump” water from the soil, but the leaves are not able to evaporate it all. So the droplets appear. Willow, alder, bird cherry, balsam, calliper and many other barometer plants also have similar properties. In the bracken fern, the tips of the leaves bend upward before the rain, and after the rain, when good weather sets in, they straighten out and even curl downwards. Take a closer look at clover. If its cone flowers have shrunk and bent towards the ground, know: it will certainly rain. If these natural barometers cheerfully raise their heads, the petals are straightened and rustle tenderly in the gentle breeze - feel free to go on a hike: the day will be clear and sunny. Likewise, such barometer plants, dandelions, will tell you the weather. When they shrink and bend the flowers and leaves, wait for the rain. And when they smile at you cheerfully, it will be a good day. Even such familiar marigolds (calendula), which we sometimes don’t pay attention to because of their familiarity, also perfectly sense the approach of bad weather - these barometer plants immediately roll up their orange petals.
Many barometer flowers begin to smell stronger before the rain, releasing a lot of nectar, and insects actually hover over them. This happens with honeysuckle, currants, phlox, lilies, cottonweed, hyacinths, etc.
When predicting bad weather using barometer flowers, one should take into account the time of day and the relatively slow response of plants to changing environmental conditions. In rainy weather or intense heat, everyone wonders: when will it end? And here, barometer plants will also help us. Everyone knows thistle. This plant predicts the end of bad weather with the spines of its inflorescence: before clearing and warming, they spread out in a horizontal plane, while before the rain they are compressed. The burdock flower behaves like a thistle.
Long-term weather forecasts have always interested people. Barometer plants can tell us a lot of interesting things. Everyone knows this sign: bird cherry blossoms - wait for return frosts, but not everyone paid attention to how the flowering of lilacs and mountain ash is connected with weather conditions. It turns out that, as a rule, it blooms on hot days, and after it blooms, the cold is unlikely to return to us. If the rowan tree has bloomed, expect prolonged warmth. People have noticed how some barometer plants inform people about the coming winter. Thus, an early blooming crocus tells us that the winter will be long and fierce.
In a word, look around carefully - barometer plants will tell you unmistakably what kind of weather awaits you.
PLANTS BAROMETERS - WEATHER FORECASTERS ON THE WINDOWSILL
Where do we usually look when we are going for a walk or running errands? Right! To a thermometer or an Internet site that shows the weather. It turns out that many indoor plants are excellent weather forecasters and can tell whether it will rain or whether it will be hot. You just need to learn to understand their “language”.
So, who are these green fortune tellers?
MONSTER TASTY. This branching vine will unmistakably tell you whether it will be damp outside. If it is expected that the sky will be clouded and there will be rain or drizzle, droplets will collect on its leaves.
ROOM BANANA (Muza). Whenever increased air humidity is expected, a drop of dew forms at the tip of its young, unopened leaves.
ROOM ROSE. Before the rain begins, its flowers begin to smell more fragrant.
MARANTA. All species of this magnificent tropical plant respond to increased air humidity by producing moisture on the leaves.
HOYA IS FLESH. If droplets collect on its flowers, there is an unmistakable warning: it will rain. By the way, it tastes like sweet nectar. It is unknown whether it is edible.
BALSAM. If “tears” form on its leaves, it means sunny, clear weather.
CYPRESS. It begins to smell stronger when it is damp outside.
MIMOSA SHY. It shows not so much the weather as the time. By evening its leaves fold, and by morning they open.
Oxalis (oxalis). This representative of the flora with butterfly leaves behaves in the same way as the bashful mimosa. It is not only a green (or purple!) clock, but also a phyto-barometer: its petals also fold when rain is approaching.
ALOCASIA speaks not only about the weather, but also about poor care. Water forms on its leaves even before rain, and may indicate excessive watering.
TELOCACTUS (telocactus bicolor). On hot days, droplets of liquid form on its modified stem - usually at the base of the spines, at the top.
Completed by a 6th grade student
MOBU Secondary School No. 5
Shchukina Anna
Head biology teacher
MOBU secondary school No. 5
Zotova Tatyana Yurievna
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Goals:
- Study and summarize theoretical material on the research topic;
- Expand your understanding of plants, which are very sensitive to fluctuations in humidity and temperature in the atmosphere and can act as a kind of living barometers.
- Realization of goals is carried out through problem solving
tasks:
- study scientific and fiction literature;
- study the main characteristics of plants that are sensitive to weather changes;
- find out how plants react to changing weather conditions.
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Is it foggy at dawn?
Correct forecast
The forest is not noticeable, the birches are not visible
And somewhere it’s hot - it’s time to swim!
How many forecasts are on air!
Whirlwinds, frosts.
Where is the sun, where is the ice
So much weather!
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Plants - weather predictors
Man has long noticed that in many plants, on the eve of a weather change, the position of individual parts changes. They can perceive things that our senses cannot. This ability of green “children of the sun” is explained by the dependence of their life on environmental conditions: temperature, humidity and air pressure, as well as on sunlight.
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Acacia smells strong - to the rain
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Drupe leaves curl downward before good weather and unwind or curl upward before bad weather.
The leaves of the bracken curl towards the bottom - for warm, dry weather,
straighten the thorns - to bad weather
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Barometer plants are true signs. Of course, there are deviations, there are accidents, and therefore it is necessary to determine the upcoming weather not by one, but by several plants. Many plants are sensitive to changes in air humidity. But they are sensitive in different ways - some more, others less. Therefore, it can happen like this: the maple has already “cried” - it predicts bad weather, but the leaves of the drupe are still curled downwards. Were any of them wrong? No, a few hours will pass, and the drupe leaves will also straighten out. The fact is that the maple “Finds out” about the upcoming bad weather in two days, and the stone fruit only in 15-20 hours. Therefore, the drupe cannot be a partner of the maple.
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