The relationship between man and nature as a philosophical problem. Spiritual contact between man and nature
And nature are closely interconnected. In ancient times primitive people completely dependent on the environment. Not understanding the essence of what is happening natural phenomena, people elevated them to the rank of gods. So, fire, water, earth, trees, air, and thunder and lightning were considered deities. To appease them, people performed ritual sacrifices. But as time passed, man evolved, his brain improved. People learned to make fire, build houses, and create tools. Man not only won his place among other tribes, but also set out to subjugate nature itself.
The issue of interaction with environment is still relevant today. Having proclaimed himself the king among all living beings, man forgot that he himself is a part of nature, the crown of its creation. And instead of gratitude, he continues to behave very aggressively. It's no secret how harmful human activity is affecting the world around us today. Blasphemous consumer attitude to the treasures of the planet can really have catastrophic consequences. Are cut down every year huge areas forests, but forests are the lungs of the planet, and besides, their destruction leads to reduction and sometimes to extinction various types animals and plants. Where have the clean sources gone? Tons of waste are dumped into the water, and it is dangerous not only to drink, but even just to swim in it.
The air is poisoned by the exhaust of millions of cars and toxic emissions from factories. There is such smog over the cities that at night it is sometimes difficult to distinguish the stars in the sky. It is a consolation that there are still ecologically clean areas untouched by “civilization.” For example, when we come to the Askania-Nova nature reserve, we enjoy clean air, permeated with the heady smell of steppe herbs. Man forgets that the reserves in the bowels of the planet will one day run out, and continues to predatoryly extract minerals. And this despite the fact that scientists have long been talking about the possibility of using the energy of the sun, wind, tides.
It seems that everyone has forgotten that man cannot exist outside of nature. After all, he lives on the earth, eats its fruits, breathes air, drinks water. And yet he cares so little about preserving his habitat!
I would like to remember that in ancient times people treated nature very carefully. We can judge this from the fairy tales, myths, legends, songs, proverbs and sayings that have come down to us. It is very important that modern children have the opportunity to join this treasury. And I believe that family and school play a leading role in this. In childhood, parents introduce the child to the environment, teach them to treat it with care, and take care of animals and plants. At school, children learn to love and respect nature in natural history and valeology lessons.
We need to remember how much joy it gives us the world around us: a blossoming bud, the rustle of the rain, the shine of the sun, the greenness of the foliage - how can you not love it? We and nature are one big family and should live together. Somehow I came across the lines of N.V. Gogol: “The entire surface of the earth seemed like a green-golden ocean, over which millions splashed different colors..." Isn’t it true that he painted an amazingly magical picture. I really want to see such beauty with my own eyes.
But let's take a look around now. How few of these are left on earth? untouched corners nature, which have retained their original appearance and have not been subjected to harmful influence civilization. The pages of the Red Book reveal a sad picture to us: the number of inhabitants of the green planet - plants and animals - is inexorably decreasing. How many species have irretrievably disappeared from the face of the earth. But the disappearance of each of them is a significant loss for all humanity. Because they all took their place in the life chain of the planet. And with the loss of one link the whole chain can break. However, the negative impact of humans on nature has increased these days to such an extent that even within the lifetime of one generation, the appearance of the Earth is noticeably changing.
This is very sad, but I know the places where the beautiful mighty forest with giant trees and thick thickets of grass. How many rare plants could have been seen there! These are lily of the valley, St. John's wort, and corydalis, which are listed in the Red Book. There were also funny hedgehogs and cowardly hares. A wide river flowed next to the forest, in which local residents were fishing. Numerous birds built nests along the banks. Now that place resembles a huge clearing with many ugly stumps, scorched grass and trees and bushes growing here and there. And they wash cars in the river and throw all kinds of garbage into it. As a result, the river became shallow, there were no more fish in it, and birds no longer flew to its banks. And this example, unfortunately, is not the only one. It’s scary to even imagine what will happen to our nature if people don’t stop treating it so cruelly and callously, and destroying it so mercilessly.
Just think: to hear the singing of a lark, to see how the feather grass shimmers with lunar silver in the steppe, to inhale the aromas of a forest or a flowering meadow, to press your lips to a fresh cool spring - isn’t this the greatest joy in a person’s life, greatest gift which nature gives us. How nice it is to relax in the evening under the open starry sky, on fresh, cool grass. And around there are only a lot of sparks sparkling from the darkness - fireflies. But every day such an opportunity presents itself less and less often. And not because of our ever-increasing employment, but because there are fewer and fewer places on earth where this has been preserved.
But if you are lucky enough to get into such rare corner pristine nature, remember: don’t rip beautiful flower- let it bloom for everyone. Carry it in your soul. Don't look into birds' nests - these are their homes. Frightened, the bird may leave the nest, leaving without maternal care helpless chicks. You should not make unnecessary noise, do not take tape recorders with you into nature, you can successfully listen to them at home. And you don’t have to talk to each other throughout the entire forest: enjoy the brief communication with nature that fate has given you. The forest, animals, birds, and even the tiniest flower will be grateful to you for your care and attention.
Protecting nature is ours main responsibility, our first priority. Let's remember the words The Little Prince from Saint-Exupéry: “You got up in the morning, washed your face, put yourself in order - and immediately put your planet in order.”
Need a cheat sheet? Then save - "The question of interaction between man and nature. Literary essays!Which works of Russian poets reflect the spiritual connection between man and nature, and how do these works relate to Lermontov’s poem?
ACT 1
Phenomenon 5
Kabanova, Kabanov, Katerina and Varvara.
Kabanova. If you want to listen to your mother, then when you get there, do as I ordered you.
Kabanov. How can I, Mama, disobey you!
Kabanova. Elders are not very respected these days.
Varvara (to herself). No respect for you, of course!
Kabanov. I, it seems, mummy, don’t take a step out of your will.
Kabanova. I would believe you, my friend, if I hadn’t seen with my own eyes and heard with my own ears what kind of respect children show to their parents now! If only they remembered how many illnesses mothers suffer from their children.
Kabanov. I, mummy...
Kabanova. If a parent ever says something offensive, out of your pride, then, I think, it could be rescheduled! A! How do you think?
Kabanov. But when, Mama, have I ever been unable to bear being away from you?
Kabanova. The mother is old and stupid; Well, you, young people, smart ones, shouldn’t exact it from us fools.
Kabanov (sighing, to the side). Oh, my God! (To Mother.) Do we dare, Mama, to think!
Kabanova. After all, out of love, your parents are strict with you, out of love they scold you, they always think to teach you good. Well, I don’t like it now. And the children will go around praising people that the mother is a grumbler, that the mother does not give way, she is squeezing out the light. And, God forbid, you can’t please your daughter-in-law with some word, so the conversation started that the mother-in-law was completely fed up.
Kabanov. No, mama, who is talking about you?
Kabanova. I haven’t heard, my friend, I haven’t heard, I don’t want to lie. If only I had heard, I would have spoken to you, my dear, in a different way. (Sighs.) Oh, a grave sin! What a long time to sin! A conversation close to your heart will go well, and you will sin and get angry. No, my friend, say what you want about me. You can’t order anyone to speak; If they don’t dare to show you, they will stand behind your back.
Kabanov. Let your tongue dry.
Kabanova. Come on, come on, don't be afraid! Sin! I have seen for a long time that your wife is dearer to you than your mother. Since I got married, I don’t see the same love from you.
Kabanov. Where do you see this, Mama?
Kabanova. Yes in everything, my friend! What a mother doesn’t see with her eyes, she has a prophetic heart; she can feel with her heart. Or maybe your wife is taking you away from me, I don’t know.
Kabanov. No, mama! what are you saying, have mercy!
Katerina. For me, Mama, it’s all the same birth mother, that you, and Tikhon loves you too.
Kabanova. It seems like you could keep quiet if they don’t ask you. Don’t intercede, mother, I won’t offend you, I suppose! After all, he is also my son; don't forget this! Why did you jump out in front of your eyes to make jokes! So that they can see how much you love your husband? So we know, we know, in your eyes you prove it to everyone.
Varvara (to herself). I found a place for instructions to read.
Katerina. You are in vain saying this about me, Mama. Whether in front of people or without people, I’m still alone, I don’t prove anything of myself.
Kabanova. Yes, I didn’t even want to talk about you; and so, by the way, I had to.
(A.N. Ostrovsky, “The Thunderstorm.”)
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In many works, poets try to depict the spiritual connection between nature and man.
Thus, in A.S. Pushkin’s poem “Winter Morning,” the mood of the lyrical characters changes along with the state of nature: “In the evening, do you remember, the blizzard was angry...” “And you sat sad,” but today everything has changed: “For blue skies magnificent carpets,//The snow lies glistening in the sun,” and one already wants to “indulge in the run//of an impatient horse...”
Life has always moved inexorably forward, developed and evolved. As a result, a man appeared, a creature more perfect than anything that was and is. Man is the crown of nature. It would seem that he should be grateful to his mother nature for giving him life and all the conditions for existence. But what more people adapted and developed, the less he thought about the consequences of his activities regarding nature. The issue of the relationship between nature and humanity has always been important. But in lately it has become a global and intractable problem that requires urgent consideration.
Of course, it is important to consider the problem of the relationship between man and nature with different sides. After all, economics, politics and the life of every person have an impact great influence on the state of nature as a whole. But if we look at the root and look deeper, we will understand that it is impossible to establish relationships between nature and man on a massive scale. You cannot simply cancel human activities that have a negative impact on nature. This issue needs to be resolved individually, so that everyone can understand the essence of the problem, and most importantly, that it is part of its elimination.
Of course, man was created for development. He is far superior to all living beings. Man is the king of nature. But it is foolish to start from these beliefs. People make the most of natural resources without giving anything in return. Society is progressing, new technologies are appearing and this is good. But never before has there been such a crisis in nature. Why? We all know that man is greedy. He is so caught up in his wealth and achievements that he has forgotten about the consequences. People take everything from nature, but give nothing back, and if they give it away, it is only chemical waste.
Today there are still tribes that deify nature. They present her with gifts and perform various rituals so that nature will be lenient towards them. Of course, such an attitude to the philosophical question of the relationship between society and nature is a utopia. These tribes will sooner or later die out from disease or starvation. But the essence of their attitude to life is true. These people are not spoiled by the gifts of life. They are grateful for what they have. Perhaps this is due to the fact that progress has not reached them. If we lived in the same conditions, we would be the same. However, they would also die with them.
The answer to the philosophical question about the relationship between man and nature lives within us. Every person understands how to solve this problem, but no one wants to take on this matter. And all because it is long, expensive and unprofitable. If we do not eliminate the threat of disaster now, then it will be too late. Our progress will destroy us. You need to start small, start with yourself.
The spiritual connection between man and nature is the problem that A. I. Pristavkin discusses.
The author, telling the story of the birch tree, directly says that the beauty of the tree amazed the man. The bearded lumberjacks passed the birch tree - they didn’t cut it down, they just admired it and moved on. Yes, and loppers, loud women, and tractor drivers, and girls burning heaps - no one indifferently passed by this beauty, no one raised their hand to this miracle! Here it is, the power of nature’s influence on people!
The position of A.I. Pristavkin is not difficult to determine: there is an inextricable spiritual connection between man and nature.
I can't help but agree with the writer. Indeed, each of us sometimes does not understand how close he is to nature, how capable he is of admiring it and appreciating its riches. Russian writers and publicists have spoken about this more than once.
In L.N. Tolstoy’s novel “War and Peace” main character Natasha Rostova admires the peaceful night landscape so much that she even forgets about sleep. Beauty native nature very close to the young countess, despite the fact that she was raised by a French governess. Not education
and the girl’s soul dictates her love for native land, Russian song, Russian fun.
In the story by V. M. Shukshin “The Sun, the Old Man and the Girl” it is told that an old man comes to the shore of the lake every evening and admires the beauty of the sunset out loud. How the words of an elderly man, who characterizes the beauty of nature in such detail, amaze us when we learn that he has not seen anything for 10 years! He doesn't see! But I haven’t lost my spiritual connection with nature!
I can conclude that centuries pass, and a Russian person, be he a rich countess, a lumberjack or a blind old man, subtly feels his connection with nature.
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