Height of evergreen sequoia. Maximum height of sequoia evergreen
SEQUOIA
(Sequoia), a genus of evergreen coniferous trees in the family Taxodiaceae (Taxodiaceae). The only species - evergreen sequoia (S. sempervirens) - is considered a symbol of California. These are the tallest trees in the world and are also famous for their beautiful, straight-grained, rot-resistant wood. Evergreen sequoia forests stretch in a narrow strip approx. 720 km along the Pacific coast of the United States from Monterey County in northern California to the Chetco River in southern Oregon. Evergreen sequoia needs a very humid climate, so it does not go further than 32-48 km from the coast, remaining in the zone influenced by sea fog. Sequoias, along with other representatives of taxodiaceae, were once common in many areas of the Northern Hemisphere, but the last glaciation preserved them only on the west coast of North America, along with the closely related species Sequoiadendron giganteum, also the only representative of its genus, called sometimes giant sequoia (S. gigantea). Sequoia evergreen is grown as an ornamental plant in the southeastern United States and in temperate European regions. The average height of the evergreen sequoia is about 90 m, and the record height is 117 m. It was recorded in the Redwood Creek tract in California. The diameter of the trunk often reaches 6-7.6 m and can increase by 2.5 cm per year. The maturity of the evergreen sequoia occurs at 400-500 years, and specimens over 1500 years old are not uncommon (the oldest known is about 2200 years old). The tree reproduces well by root suckers, stump shoots and seeds, which after germination produce rapidly growing seedlings. The crown is narrow, starting above the lower third of the trunk. Oval cones and short shoots with flat bluish-gray needles give it beauty and lushness. The bark is thick, reddish, deeply furrowed. The sapwood is pale yellow or white, and the heartwood is various shades of red. The root system is formed by lateral roots that go shallow into the soil. Metasequoia glyptostroboides, which is found in a very limited area in China, is close to the evergreen sequoia and the mammoth tree. There are two varieties of evergreen sequoia - pressed (var. adpressa), characterized by smaller sizes, and gray (var. glauca) - with bluish needles.
SEQUOIA EVERGREEN
MAMMOTH TREE
Collier's Encyclopedia. - Open Society. 2000 .
Synonyms:See what "SEQUOIA" is in other dictionaries:
- (Sequoia), a genus of evergreen coniferous trees of the family. taxodiaceae. Unity, species S. evergreen (S. sempervirens). It is one of the tallest trees (reaches a height of 110-112 m and a diameter of 6-10 m). St. lives 3000 years. Grows in the mountains of California and South. Oregon... ... Biological encyclopedic dictionary
Or WELLINGTONIA tree from this family. cypress, grows in the north. America: some reach 300 feet. height, trunk circumference 94 feet. Dictionary of foreign words included in the Russian language. Chudinov A.N., 1910. sequoia (named after the Indian leader... ... Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language
A genus of coniferous trees in the Taxodiaceae family. The only species of sequoia is evergreen, height St. 100 m, diameter 6 11 m. Natural plantings only in the mountains of California and the South. Oregon (USA). Cultivated for light and durable wood (used... ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary
Sequoiadendron, Wellingtonia Dictionary of Russian synonyms. sequoia noun, number of synonyms: 3 wellingtonia (5) ... Dictionary of synonyms
SEQUOIA, and, female. A giant relict coniferous tree native to California. Ozhegov's explanatory dictionary. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova. 1949 1992 … Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary
A genus of coniferous plants from the family. Taxodiaceae. It is known in fossil form from the Late Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous; It develops widely in the Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic. Nowadays it is preserved only in California. Geological Dictionary: in 2 volumes. M.: Nedra. Under … Geological encyclopedia
Sequoia- (Sequoyah) (1760(70?) 1843), educator of the Cherokee people, who created an alphabet of 85 characters for the language of his tribe. The alphabet is also known as talking leaves. The date of its adoption is considered to be 1821. Later he took the name George Gist,... ... World history
This term has other meanings, see Sequoia (meanings). ? Sequoia ... Wikipedia
Sequoia- Giant sequoia. Yosemite National Park, California, USA. SEQUOIA, a genus of coniferous trees (family Taxodiaceae). The only type of sequoia is evergreen, height over 100 m, diameter 6 11 m. It grows in the mountains along the west coast of the USA... ... Illustrated Encyclopedic Dictionary
- (Sequoia), national park in California (USA). Created in 1890 on the square. 163.1 thousand hectares for the protection of the unique landscapes of the Sierra Nevada mountains, incl. 32 groves of giant sequoia. More than 70 species of mammals and 120 birds live. Forms a single protected... ... Geographical encyclopedia
Books
- Book: manual / operating instructions for the TOYOTA SEQUOIA navigation system (TOYOTA SEQUOIA) from 2008 release. Detailed description of the navigation system of Toyota Sequoia cars, launched in 2008...
- Book: manual/instructions for operation and maintenance of TOYOTA SEQUOIA (TOYOTA SEQUOIA) petrol from 2008 release. This manual has already become a handy book for many Toyota Sequoia owners, since it is addressed specifically to car enthusiasts. The publication does not contain repair instructions, but contains high-quality…
Sequoia is a hero tree, one of the tallest and most ancient trees on our planet. Its size is shocking and changes the idea of the trees we are used to in doll cities. This feeling of being tiny will not leave you for a long time. It clearly does not fit into the frame of perception of a modern person, which is usually equivalent to the size of a telephone - the eyes move in different directions, wanting to embrace 111 meters of living nature with a single glance and not go crazy.
The ability to see the world as a whole without tearing it into frames was probably the most common thing for people who once lived among such giants.
Where does the name come from?
Only one tree was awarded the name of the people's leader. This is what the Iroquois Indian tribe did in North America: wanting to perpetuate the memory of their outstanding leader Sekwu, they assigned his name to one of the most unusual and majestic trees. It was he, Sekwu, who invented Indian writing, led the liberation struggle of the Iroquois against foreign enslavers, and was the first popular educator.
However, numerous attempts have been made to rename the sequoia. So, immediately after the discovery of sequoia by Europeans, they named it California pine, and later called it a mammoth tree (for the similarity of old drooping branches with mammoth tusks). Some time passed, and the English botanist Lindley, who first scientifically described this tree, gave it a new name - Wellingtonia in honor of the English commander Wellington, who distinguished himself in the battle with Napoleon’s troops at Waterloo. The Americans decided not to be left behind and hastened to christen the sequoia Washingtonia, in memory of their first president George Washington.
How long does a tree live?
Numerous studies show that its age can reach 6000 years: this is more than the entire ancient, middle and modern history of mankind. Some redwoods are many centuries older than the Egyptian pyramids.
Where does Sequoia grow?
Experts from many countries claim that in distant geological periods, sequoias grew all over the earth.
Now the oldest giant sequoia grows in the United States along the Pacific coast on a strip about 750 km long and 8 to 75 km wide from California to southwestern Oregon. Sequoia is also grown in the Canadian province of British Columbia, in the southeastern United States from eastern Texas to Maryland, Hawaii, New Zealand, Great Britain, Italy, Portugal, South Africa and Mexico. Average heights are 30-750 m above sea level, sometimes trees grow close to the shore, sometimes they climb to a height of up to 920 m. Sequoia loves the humidity that sea air brings with it. The tallest and oldest trees grow in gorges and deep ravines, where streams of moist air can reach all year round and where fog regularly occurs. Trees growing above the fog layer (above 700 m) are shorter and smaller due to drier, windier and cooler growing conditions.
Russian sequoia
The efforts of our scientists to acclimatize sequoia did not immediately yield encouraging results. Only after many years of experiments did it begin to grow in the parks of Crimea, the Caucasus, the south of Central Asia and Transcarpathia. It has been established that in our conditions it can tolerate frosts of no more than 18-20 degrees.
The seeds obtained from our sequoias germinated poorly, and only after the use of artificial pollination, proposed by the Soviet Michurins, was it possible to increase their germination to 50 - 60%. Vegetative propagation of sequoias is also well mastered: by cuttings or grafting.
The pioneers of the acclimatization of giant trees in our country were botanists from the Nikitsky Botanical Garden. Sequoia has been grown here since 1850. It is in the Nikitsky Garden that the oldest specimen of giant sequoia in Europe is located, and in many parks of the Southern Crimea and the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus it has now become an almost obligatory tree. The height of some of its specimens (in the park of the village of Frunzenskoye, in Crimea, in the Batumi Botanical Garden on Cape Verde and in other places) exceeds 50 meters.
Why do scientists love sequoia?
The longevity of the sequoia is put at the service of science. With the help of these ancient inhabitants, scientists were able to look into the depths of thousands of years. Thanks to the growth rings on the cross sections of huge trunks, researchers obtained completely reliable data on the climate of bygone times. After all, sequoias, reacting to weather changes, regularly and according to the amount of precipitation each year grew thicker, then thinner layers of wood, or tree rings. Scientists have examined the trunks of over 450 of these giants. These materials made it possible to trace the weather for more than 2000 years. As a result, it became known, for example, that 2000, 900 and 600 years ago there were periods very rich in precipitation, and periods 1200 and 1400 years distant from us were characterized by extremely long and severe droughts.
American scientists, with the help of sequoias, also learned the weather of a more recent time. Thus, it was possible to establish that the years 1900 and 1934 were marked by the most severe droughts in the last 1200 years for the North American continent.
Not afraid of fires
The bark of an adult sequoia is about half a meter thick and absorbs water like a sponge. Thanks to this structure, these trees are not at all afraid of fires, which are not uncommon in coniferous forests - young trees with thin bark die, old trees have not been destroyed by fire, and this is after thousands of years of constant attempts.
Lightning's Favorite
Sequoia pays a high price for its greatness. Proudly towering above the other trees, it attracts lightning like a magnetized rod. Despite the deadly blows, many trees manage to survive by shedding their scorched branches.
Scientific classification
Domain: Eukaryotes
Kingdom: Plants
Department: Conifers
Class: Conifers (Pinopsida Burnett, 1835)
Order: Pine
Family: Cypressaceae
Subfamily: Sequoiaceae
Genus: Sequoia
International scientific name
Sequoia Endl. (1847), nom. cons.
Child taxa
Sequoia evergreen
Sequoia sempervirens (D.Don) Endl.
Security status
VU from English. Vulnerable species - vulnerable species. Conservation status assigned to biological species that are at risk of becoming endangered
Botanical description
Sequoia is an evergreen monoecious tree.
In monoecious plants, female and male flowers (in the broad sense - male and female generative organs) are located on the same individual (“in the same house”). Monoecy is more common in wind-pollinated plants. Monoecious plants include: watermelon, birch, beech, walnut, oak, corn, hazel, cucumber, alder, pumpkin and other cucurbits, and breadfruit. When understanding monoecy in a broad sense, monoecious plants also include spruce, pine, as well as many mosses and algae.
The crown is conical in shape, the branches grow horizontally or with a slight downward slope. The bark is very thick, up to 30 cm thick, and relatively soft, fibrous, red-brown in color immediately after it is removed (hence the name “mahogany”), and darkens over time. The root system consists of shallow, widely spreading lateral roots. The leaves of young trees are elongated and flat, 15-25 mm long, in the upper part of the crown of old trees they are scale-like, 5 to 10 mm long.
The very thick (compared to other tree species) sequoia bark, which, like a sponge, absorbs water well, is also useful for its qualities. Thanks to this structure of the bark, these trees are not at all afraid of fires.
Cones are ovoid, 15-32 mm long, with 15-25 spirally twisted scales; pollination occurs at the end of winter, maturation occurs after 8-9 months. Each cone contains 3-7 seeds, each of which is 3-4 mm long and 0.5 mm wide. The seeds spill out when the cone dries and opens.
The sequoia genome (at 31,500 megabases) is one of the largest among conifers, and it is the only hexaploid known to date among gymnosperms.
How to grow Sequoia at home
Initially, sequoia did not grow in our climate, but thanks to the efforts of landscapers and dendrologists, species resistant to cool climates appeared. It is better to find the place where these trees grow closest to you. Having received sequoia seeds, they should be prepared for planting. It is better to do this in early spring, so that by the onset of next winter the small sequoias have time to get stronger. To begin with, the seeds should be “overwintered” in the refrigerator for about a week. At the same time, you shouldn’t put them in the freezer; a temperature of about +6 C is enough. Then you need to give them a “thaw” by soaking them in melt water at room temperature for a couple of days. Seeds should be planted in sandy-clayey, well-moistened soil, sprinkled with 1-2 mm of soil, and it is important that the seeds receive sunlight. At this time, they can be covered with cling film or a transparent cap.
The crops need to be ventilated and sprayed a couple of times a day. It is very important to keep the soil moist, but not wet, since sprouts often die from waterlogging. To avoid this, sprouts should be sprayed with a spray bottle rather than watered with a watering can. The germination rate of sequoias is low; in the best case, 15-25% of the seeds will germinate. The first shoots may appear in 2 days, or even after 2 months.
As soon as sprouts appear, the film or cap must be removed immediately. Without free air circulation, the sprouts quickly die. A couple of days after pipping, the sprout sheds the dry skin of the seed. If he has difficulty with this, you can gently help him. Young sprouts love the sun, but they should be shaded from direct sunlight. Small sequoias should not be kept close to heating appliances. Dry air is harmful to them. In 5 months you will already have a miniature Christmas tree. Sequoia under 3 years of age should be kept in a pot and watered regularly. Dry periods are stressful for sequoia, as a result of which it greatly slows down its growth. Biennial plants can be kept outside in warm weather. The tree should be brought indoors for the winter. From spring it can be kept outside in a well-lit place. A tree 1-1.5 m high can already be planted in open ground. In European climatic conditions, sequoia can withstand frosts down to -18 C.
Loggers hunt sequoia
Because of its reddish, carmine-soaked wood, sequoia is sometimes also called mahogany. Its wood is valued not only because of its original color, but also because of its unusual physical properties: it is light, like aspen, and porous, like paulownia, it perfectly resists rotting in soil and water, and can easily be processed in any way.
Facts
The tallest sequoia, named Hyperion, was discovered in the summer of 2006 by Chris Atkins and Michael Taylor in Redwood National Park north of San Francisco. The height of the tree is 115.61 meters. Researchers said woodpecker damage to the tree at the top prevented the sequoia from reaching a height of 115.8 meters (380 feet).
15 currently growing trees have a height of more than 110 m, and 47 trees have a height of more than 105 m.
Some claim that the height of the sequoia tree felled in 1912 was 115.8 m.
The second place in height after sequoia is occupied by Douglassia (Pseudotsuga Menzies). Menzies's tallest living pseudohemlock, 'Doerner Fir' (formerly known as 'Brummit fir'), is 99.4 m tall.
In 2004, a study by Northern Arizona University was published in the journal Nature, according to which the maximum theoretical height of a sequoia (or any other tree) is limited to 122-130 meters due to gravity and friction between water and the pores of the wood through which it oozes.
The most voluminous tree among redwoods is Titan Del Norte. The volume of this sequoia is estimated at 1044.7 m³, height - 93.57 m, and diameter - 7.22 m. Among all Of the trees growing on Earth, only 15 giant sequoias (sequoiadendrons) are more massive than him. Sequoias (English: giant sequoia) are somewhat shorter, but they have a thicker trunk than sequoias. Thus, the volume of the largest specimen of the General Sherman sequoiadendron is 1487 m³.
Sequoia National Park
Sequoia National Park is a national park in the United States, located in the southern Sierra Nevada, east of the city of Visalia in California. The park was founded in 1890, the third after Yellowstone (since 1872) and Mackinac National Parks (1875-1895). The area of the park is 1635 km². The park has mountainous terrain, rising from an altitude of about 400 meters above sea level in the foothills to the highest point in the contiguous 48 states - the summit of Mount Whitney (4421.1 m). The park borders Kings Canyon National Park; Since 1943, both parks have been managed by the US National Park Service as a single unit - Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks.
The park is best known for its giant sequoias, including a specimen called General Sherman, the largest tree by wood volume on Earth. In 2009, the volume of wood from this tree was just under 1,500 cubic meters. General Sherman grows in the Giant Forest, which contains five of the ten largest trees by timber volume in the world. The giant forest is connected by the Generals Highway to Grant Grove in Kings Canyon National Park, where, among other redwoods, the General Grant tree grows - the second largest tree in the world.
Other attractions include Moro Rock, which can be climbed using a staircase specially built in the 1930s to view the surrounding area from a height of 75 meters above the ground.
I just want to draw a couple of dinosaurs here.
How Sequoia was photographed
Here is the definition of this tree can be found on Wikipedia:
General Sherman- a specimen of giant sequoiadendron ( Sequoiadendron giganteum), growing in the "Giant Forest" of Sequoia National Park in California, USA. In terms of volume, it is the largest tree on Earth. The height of the General Sherman tree is 83.8 m, the trunk volume is estimated at 1487 m³, the weight is 1900 tons, and the age is 2300-2700 years.
The General Sherman tree is the largest and heaviest living organism on our planet. However, it is neither the tallest sequoia (this record belongs to the Hyperion tree, which belongs to the sequoia evergreen species), nor the tallest representative of the sequoiadendrons (specimens with a height of 95 m are known, but they have a smaller volume). It is also known that the Crannell Creek Giant tree, which was felled in the mid-1940s. Crannell Creek Giant) of the evergreen sequoia species, growing near the city of Trinidad, had approximately 15-25% greater volume than General Sherman
Let's take a closer look at it...
Photo 2.
In the nineteenth century, explorer John Muir called the area where the famous tree grows the “Giant Forest” when he discovered giant sequoias. The name of this part of the park, "Giant Forest", remains to this day. Many tourists describe the General Sherman tree, which is striking in its size, as a red-orange “rock”, the top of which is impossible to see.
Tourists specifically come to the park to see the General Sherman tree, named after Civil War hero General William Sherman, and to take photos. Next to the sequoia they seem so fragile and small.
Photo 3.
For a long time it was believed that the General Sherman tree was over three thousand years old, but recent research has determined its exact age - exactly two thousand years. This means that this is not the oldest tree in the world.
The oldest tree in the world, a special species of California pine, was 4,484 years old when it was cut down in 1965. Sequoia trees that were about 3,000 years old were also cut down. It is believed that 5,000 trees still exist on Earth.
In the winter of 2006, General Sherman's tree lost part of its crown, the largest branch of the tree fell off, the diameter of which was about two meters and the length was about 30 meters.
Photo 4.
Scientists are worried: is the tree really dying? However, they came to the conclusion that this incident does not indicate any problems in the condition of the tree, but may only be a natural defense mechanism against adverse weather conditions.
When the branches fell to the ground, the fence around the tree and the road leading to it were destroyed. Even after this, General Sherman's tree did not lose its status as the largest tree on the planet.
There is a special path leading to General Sherman's tree, and even people with disabilities can see this miracle. At the end of the path there are brick tiles, which show where the roots of the tree reach.
Photo 5.
Each year the giant's trunk grows nearly 1.5 cm in diameter. The General Sherman Tree is still growing and, according to the California State Park website, is adding enough wood each year to fill a five or six-room house.
One of the secrets to the longevity of giant sequoias is their thick, durable, fire-resistant bark. But sometimes, during the frequent fires in southern California, a tree burns out completely.
Photo 7.
No one can say how long a sequoia can live (or, scientifically, a giant sequoiadendron), but researchers have encountered trees here that are estimated to be 3 thousand years old! (Around this period in Eurasia, humanity learned to process copper and bronze).
Photo 8.
Have you ever wondered how much oxygen such a tree can produce? About 120 kg per year - this will be enough for a family of three to four people!
Photo 9.
A few numbers. The circumference of the trunk near the ground is 31.3 m. The span of the crown is 39.6 meters. The total mass of the tree is 1910 tons, the weight of the trunk is 1121 tons.
General Sherman is found in literature: in the fairy tale “The Gnomobile - Gnousual Gnoves about Gnomes” by Upton Sinclair, as well as in Ilf and Petrov’s book “One-Storey America”.
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Some of the most amazing trees on our planet are sequoias. These majestic giants have been growing tall and wide for thousands of years and today are the tallest plants in the world
Giant sequoias are a subspecies of cypress. The sight of these huge trees, whose trunks and crowns go tens of meters into the air, involuntarily evokes admiration...
The oldest currently known sequoias are more than 3.5 thousand years old.
The average height of trees is about 60 meters, but there are also entire groves over 90 meters high. Today, about fifty sequoias are known whose height exceeds the 105-meter mark
The tallest currently known tree on our planet is the Hyperion sequoia, which grows in Redwood National Park near San Francisco. The height of this giant is 115.5 meters
There is an interesting subspecies of sequoias - sequoiadendrons, characterized by a smaller height but a larger diameter of trunks. The most voluminous sequoia in the world belongs to this subspecies, the 83.8-meter General Sherman, whose base diameter is 11.1 meters and trunk girth is 31.3 meters. The volume of the tree is 1487 m3
Thanks to the colossal area of trunks, even small cafes and dance floors were set up on the logs of fallen trees.
It is usually difficult to imagine the real scale from a photograph, so I specifically found several photographs in which there are people - to make it easier to compare sizes)
The giant sequoia or, as it is also called, the mammoth tree, has rightfully earned the title of the tallest tree in the world. It’s not for nothing that this long-liver is considered one of the wonders of the world. This plant belongs to the coniferous trees and can reach a height of up to 110 meters, while its trunk in girth can be more than 12 meters. And the lifespan of this miracle of nature is simply unthinkable. She can live up to 5 thousand years. This tree is the oldest on the planet.
How did the sequoia appear?
Currently, scientists have concluded that a tree appeared on the planet more than 100 million years ago. There is a lot of evidence for this conclusion: fossils found in different places on the planet, other geological deposits that make it possible to identify the approximate time of the appearance of this unusual natural phenomenon on the planet.
Even in ancient times, sequoia seeds spread across the territories that today are occupied by France, Japan and the New Siberian Islands. It is believed that the giant tree existed back in the time of dinosaurs, when entire forests with powerful trunks occupied vast areas throughout the northern hemisphere. As experts say, 50 million years ago there was an ice age, which affected not only the distribution area of the tree, but also its size. After it warmed up, the plant remained to exist in its original form, however, it now settled in only one place. The mainland of North America is considered the birthplace of sequoia.
For the first time, giant sequoias were discovered by the Spaniards back in 1769, when they went on an expedition to the area of present San Francisco. They received the nickname “Mammoth trees” from the botanist Endlifer, who was the first in the world to call them “red trees”. And at first no one could even imagine what to do with these huge trunks. For a long time, trees were not used at all, because neither a saw nor an ax can take them, due to the very hard bark and wood. And sequoia wood is not suitable for construction, like the material of other conifers.
Due to their uselessness, the giant sequoia forests were even completely destroyed in 1848. But people are very contradictory. By the time almost half of the trees were destroyed, environmentalists and US authorities began to protect the sequoia. After all, these giants of the natural world were supposed to survive to their descendants in their original form.
Present time
Currently sequoia, Wikipedia speaks about this unequivocally, it grows only on the Pacific coast of California, although it is the property of all mankind, a unique tree of the plant world. In addition to this place, sequoia also grows on the western slopes of the Sierra Nevada mountains. These are the only two places where you can still see giant trees in full beauty and power. The reserve occupies huge areas of the coast and mountain slopes, which gives tourists the opportunity to visit these places and admire the beauty of the forest.
The tree cannot grow high in the mountains because it requires very high humidity. But nevertheless, the mammoth tree tolerates low temperatures well, which allowed it to survive in the Ice Age.
Every year, the United States is visited by many tourists who are eager to take pictures at the foot of the giants, and the Americans themselves respect these trees. One of them even has a name - he was named after the American commander. This giant is protected by law as a cultural monument and is considered the property of all America. Scientists are showing remarkable interest in sequoia, but it is not cut down under any pretext.
General Sherman
The tree named "General Sherman" grows in the Sierra Nevada and is considered the most amazing plant on the planet. The height of the trunk is more than 83 meters, and its girth is more than 148 meters. According to approximate calculations, the age of the tree is as much as 2700 years, which is quite a lot for a plant. But the sequoia constantly continues to grow, which is also a rather unique fact. Sequoia annually grows as much wood on its trunk as an 18-meter tree can grow. Scientists are still studying this unique plant, which has seen almost the entire history of mankind.
No less famous representative
Another representative of the coniferous species is sequoia is a sequoiadendron tree. The place where this sequoia was cut down still preserves the base of the giant in its original form. It, like the General Sherman, is honored to become one of the symbols of America. The tree was cut down in 1930 after 1930 years. Very symbolic! Annual rings are painted on its trunk and signed:
What is sequoia
Externally the tree is a huge trunk covered with thick bark. Its thickness reaches 60 cm. The sap of the tree completely lacks oils that are found in other conifers, but there is a huge amount of tannin, which prevents the tree from burning. Even after a severe fire, the sequoia will survive and continue to grow, while other conifers die. The wood of this plant is not at all affected by fungi, rot or small bugs. Its roots are so deep in the ground that the wind is unable to knock down this tree. The growth rate of sequoia reaches 3-4 meters per year, the maximum height is 110 meters, the tree’s great height was discovered quite recently in one of the national parks, its height is 115.5 meters.
Sequoia wood has a bright pink color that changes to red closer to the center. It is very durable, which allows it to serve for a long time. Although sequoia is not used in construction or other purposes on the farm.
Reproduction
The northern giant is a gymnosperm tree and produces a huge number of seeds, but only a small fraction of them can successfully germinate. But even those that were able to break through the ground struggle for life for a long time. A young tree branches along its entire length, but the older and more majestic it becomes, the fewer lower branches are retained. This helps the sequoia to form a reliable and durable dome, which prevents light rays from penetrating down to the ground. And a young tree cannot live without light.
But nothing grows under the arches of majestic plants. That is why it is very difficult to say that a tree reproduces naturally. It's much more common planted with small seedlings, whose age does not exceed a year. And they are planted away from the main planting. But growing sequoia artificially will only be necessary if the wood begins to be actively used in construction. After all, then the plant may simply disappear.
Places of growth
Today sequoia grows in:
- UK;
- Spain;
- New Zealand.
The tree requires high humidity, and therefore all existing reserves are located near the sea. But you can meet this giant in Russia. We also have access to the sea and humid air with a warm climate. This place is located in the Krasnodar region, and therefore sequoia grows there. In the Sochi arboretum there is a planting of this evergreen, but not yet a giant. But within a few thousand years, huge trunks with branched crowns will rise there, which will amaze the imagination of tourists and residents of this glorious place.
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