South Sudanese Armed Forces. South Sudan: never-ending war
FOREIGN MILITARY REVIEW No. 3/2008, pp. 15-20
Colonel O. YUZHIN
In the context of armed confrontation with the rebel movements of the Darfur region and ongoing tensions in relations with Eritrea, the military-political leadership of the Republic of Sudan pays special attention to increasing the combat capability of the national armed forces (People's Armed Forces - PAF).
The Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the country's National Armed Forces is the President of the Republic (Field Marshal O. H. al-Bashir), who, through the National Defense Council and the Supreme Military Council, determines the general directions of state policy in the field of preparing society for war, building the armed forces, developing the military industry and cooperation with foreign countries. states in the military sphere. The decisions taken are implemented through the Ministry of Defense (Minister - General A. Hussein).
The Sudanese Armed Forces have a three-service structure, which includes the ground forces (ground forces), air forces and air defense forces (AF and air defense) and naval forces (navy).
The number of personnel of the NAF is 104.8 thousand people.
Direct control of the people's armed forces is entrusted to the joint headquarters (OSH, chief - Colonel General X. al-Jeili). The General Staff of the Armed Forces is a single command body for the development and implementation of decisions in the field of armed defense of the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the republic.
The Joint Headquarters of the NAF performs the following tasks:
Development of conceptual foundations in the field of national military strategy, construction and development of the armed forces, as well as their organizational structure;
Strategic and operational control of armed forces in peacetime and wartime;
Dislocation of units and units of the Sudanese Armed Forces
- monitoring the implementation of measures for operational and combat training of troops;
Development of directives and orders that are mandatory for execution by all ministries, state committees and departments, commands of branches and branches of the military, formations and formations.
The headquarters of the ground forces is located in the capital, Khartoum, and is the main control body for combined arms formations and units. Organizationally, it consists of the following departments: operational, administrative, combat training, supply, engineering, inspector, weapons, communications, financial, moral and psychological training.
The Air Force and Air Defense headquarters are also located in Khartoum. Organizationally, it consists of departments: combat training, operational, administrative, supply, engineering, inspector, weapons, communications, navigation and financial.
The Naval Headquarters (Port Sudan) manages the activities of detachments of surface ships, bases, as well as individual units and units of coastal defense. It consists of departments and services: intelligence, operational, combat training, administrative, supply, weapons, communications, topographical, marine police, officer affairs.
Changes in the internal political situation that occurred after the signing of a peace agreement in 2005 between the central government and the Sudanese People's Liberation Movement required the country's leadership to make adjustments to approaches to building the national armed forces. Thus, the main content of the military policy of President O. H. al-Bashir and his entourage is the creation of integrated armed forces and optimization of the military command and control system in relation to new conditions.
Since the beginning of 2006, the country has been carrying out a set of measures to reorganize the system of senior management of the armed forces. As part of these events, on March 17, 2006, the President of Sudan approved a new structure of the highest military command bodies. In particular, the general headquarters of the country's armed forces was abolished and on its basis an OS was created, to which the headquarters of the armed forces are subordinate. The headquarters of the ground forces has been re-formed, which at this stage of the reform is one of the main innovations - previously the ground forces were controlled directly by the General Staff.
The decree provided for the unification of the air force and air defense forces and the creation of an air force and air defense headquarters on the basis of their commands. The headquarters of the Navy was formed on the basis of the command of the naval forces.
Territorial structures - military districts - are abolished. On their basis, it is planned to create commands in different areas, which, according to Sudanese military experts, will allow a more thorough approach to the organization and conduct of combat operations in various regions of the country.
The plans of the republic's leadership also provide for a radical improvement in intelligence and information support for the armed forces. In particular, it is planned to expand the staff of the special services, increase the level of their technical equipment, organize personnel training, create intelligence centers of the Armed Forces, as well as stationary points and mobile groups of radio and electronic intelligence.
Currently, the combat effectiveness of the Sudanese Armed Forces is at a low level due to the poor technical equipment of units and subunits, the unsatisfactory state of weapons (most of them were supplied to the republic before the 80s of the last century) and insufficient training of command and rank and file of the army.
In this regard, a program for reforming the National Military Service (for the period until 2025) was developed at the national level and adopted in 2001. During its implementation, it is planned to significantly increase the combat capability of the national armed forces by re-equipping formations and units with modern types of weapons and military equipment, modernizing the personnel training system, and improving the structure of command and control.
Due to the inability of the national military-economic base to ensure the implementation of this program in full, the government of the country is seeking to involve industrialized countries in this process.
Using revenues from oil exports (proven reserves in Sudan exceed 2 billion barrels, daily production in 2006 was 380 thousand barrels), the government of O. H. al-Bashir has been able to gradually increase spending on the purchase of military goods and services in recent years (more than $350 million in 2006) and thereby increase the attractiveness of the republic as a potential consumer of foreign arms and military equipment.
The political pressure of the United States and its European allies on the regime of O. H. al-Bashir regarding its policy in the western region of the country - Darfur and the associated restrictions in the field of military and military-technical cooperation (MTC) with Khartoum, imposed by the American administration, are significant limit the ability of the Sudanese authorities to search and select military-technical cooperation partners. At this stage, the most promising countries for Sudan are not Western, but Asian countries - China, India, Pakistan, Iran, as well as Russia and other CIS countries.
Structural diagram of the joint headquarters of the Sudanese Armed Forces
Ground troops- the main and most numerous type of NAF in Sudan. They are assigned the main role in repelling possible external aggression and ensuring the stability of the ruling regime. The leadership of the ground forces is exercised by the chief of staff of the ground forces, who is also their commander. The number of personnel is 100 thousand people.
The combat composition of the ground forces includes: ten divisions (six infantry, tank, mechanized, airborne, engineering), nine separate brigades (seven infantry, mechanized, border) and five separate companies (special forces).
The Army is armed with: T-54, T-55, T-62 battle tanks, AML-90, BRDM-1/2, BMP-1/2 armored personnel carriers, M-113 armored personnel carriers, LAV-150/V- armored personnel carriers 100 “Commando”, BTR-50/152, MLRS BM-21, 76, 85, 100, 105, 122 and 130-mm artillery systems, anti-tank and anti-aircraft weapons (Table 1).
The main formation of ground forces is a division (numbering 8.7-9.2 thousand people). The tank division includes a headquarters, two tank and motorized infantry brigades, a reconnaissance battalion, an artillery brigade, and an anti-aircraft artillery battery. The infantry division was built according to a similar scheme (headquarters, three infantry, tank and artillery brigades, an anti-tank artillery division, battalions - reconnaissance, engineer-sapper, communications, logistics, anti-aircraft artillery battery).
Table 1
ARMAMENT OF THE SUDAN GROUND FORCES
In combat air force and air defense forces there are 13 aviation squadrons (three fighter-bomber, two fighter, three transport, two combat helicopters, one transport helicopter and two training) and five air defense anti-aircraft missile batteries (Table 2). The command of the air force and air defense forces is entrusted to the chief of staff of the air force and air defense, who is also their commander. The number of personnel is 3 thousand people.
Naval forces organizationally include the headquarters of the Navy (Port Sudan), the Flamingo Bay naval base (Port Sudan), detachments of small landing ships, patrol and patrol boats, as well as auxiliary vessels. The number of Navy personnel is 1.8 thousand people.
The ship's composition includes 18 warships (two small landing ships, four patrol boats and 12 patrol boats) and two auxiliary vessels (tankers).
The armed forces are recruited by conscription (rank and file) and on the basis of voluntary recruitment (sergeants, officers, generals). The age of entry (conscription) into military service and the maximum terms of service for various categories are given in table. 3.
Recruits called up for active military service undergo basic military training at the appropriate conscript training centers, after which they are sent to units. The training period is included in the service period. The service life for enlisted personnel is 1.5 years; for sergeants, officers and generals it is determined by the age limit for military service (Table 3).
In Sudan, where a significant part of the population remains below the absolute poverty line (one dollar a day per person), military service not only as an officer, but also as a sergeant is a prestigious activity that provides a stable income and a relatively high social status. Moreover, the amount of salary depends on length of service, position held and military rank. The pay of senior officers and generals is at a fairly high level (for tropical Africa) - on average from 200 (major category) to 400 US dollars (general). The salary level for sergeants and privates is 60 and 20 dollars, respectively.
table 2
WEAPONS OF THE SUDAN AIR FORCE AND AIR DEFENSE
The NAF has a system of bonuses to the official salary for impeccable performance of duties, service on weekends and holidays, for flights and for duty operators of the flight safety service (up to 40 US dollars per month). Military personnel receive clothing allowances (daily and field uniforms) and enjoy free medical care in hospitals of the Ministry of Defense.
The size of pensions depends on military rank and length of service.
The Sudanese Ministry of Defense does not provide employment to military personnel discharged from military service.
The problem of training military personnel is being solved in three directions: the development of national military educational institutions; inviting foreign instructors to the country, including on a private basis; training of military personnel in military educational institutions of foreign countries.
The national military training system includes academies, colleges, schools and schools. The country has four military academies (including the naval one in Port Sudan), 17 military colleges and schools for training officers, seven schools and schools for training sergeants and junior technical specialists.
The practice of sending military personnel for training abroad is widespread. In modern conditions, Sudan's main partners in this area of military cooperation are China, Egypt, and Iran.
The NAF mobilization deployment system consists of mobilization bodies under territorial formations - five military districts. In addition, local administrations keep detailed records of enlisted personnel and persons of military age.
The total number of trained reserves is 102.5 thousand people, including 17.5 thousand in the People's Defense Forces (PDF).
The main tasks of the People's Defense Forces are to protect central and local government bodies, important industrial facilities, communication centers, and maintain public order. SNO formations may also be involved in operations to eliminate criminal organizations, suppress anti-government protests, and solve civil defense problems. Organizationally, these forces are consolidated into battalions subordinate to the commander of the military district. The SNO's arsenal consists mainly of outdated models of small arms and military equipment. In 2005, several units of these forces took part in hostilities against separatists in the west of the republic (Darfur) and militants of the Ugandan armed group Lord's Resistance Army in the south.
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South Sudan Armed Forces- military organization of the Republic of South Sudan, designed to protect the freedom, independence and territorial integrity of the state. Consists of ground forces and air forces.
General information
The armed forces of South Sudan are created in accordance with Chapter 1, Part 10 of the South Sudanese Constitution. They currently consist primarily of the Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA), formerly the armed wing of the Sudan People's Liberation Movement and in the process of becoming a regular army.
The objectives of the South Sudan Armed Forces are described in the South Sudan Constitution:
- support for the country's constitution;
- protection of the country's sovereignty;
- protecting the people of South Sudan;
- protecting the territorial integrity of South Sudan;
- protecting South Sudan from external threats and aggression, as well as participating in solving any emergency situations, participating in reconstruction work and providing assistance in the fight against natural disasters, providing assistance in accordance with this Constitution and the law.
Types of armed forces
Ground troops
The core of the armed forces of South Sudan is the Sudan People's Liberation Army with a staff of 40,150 people.
Air Force
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Notes
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Excerpt characterizing the South Sudan Armed Forces
“And how she dances, what a g”ation!” after a short silence, he said again.- Who are you talking about?
“About your sister,” Denisov shouted angrily.
Rostov grinned.
– Mon cher comte; vous etes l"un de mes meilleurs ecoliers, il faut que vous dansiez,” said little Jogel, approaching Nikolai. “Voyez combien de jolies demoiselles.” [My dear Count, you are one of my best students. You need to dance. Look how much pretty girls!] – He made the same request to Denisov, also his former student.
“Non, mon cher, je fe"ai tapisse"ie, [No, my dear, I’ll sit by the wall," Denisov said. “Don’t you remember how badly I used your lessons?”
- Oh no! – Yogel said hastily consoling him. – You were just inattentive, but you had abilities, yes, you had abilities.
The newly introduced mazurka was played; Nikolai could not refuse Yogel and invited Sonya. Denisov sat down next to the old ladies and, leaning his elbows on his saber, stamping his beat, told something cheerfully and made the old ladies laugh, looking at the dancing young people. Yogel, in the first couple, danced with Natasha, his pride and best student. Gently, tenderly moving his feet in his shoes, Yogel was the first to fly across the hall with Natasha, who was timid, but diligently performing steps. Denisov did not take his eyes off her and tapped the beat with his saber, with an expression that clearly said that he himself did not dance only because he did not want to, and not because he could not. In the middle of the figure, he called Rostov, who was passing by, to him.
“It’s not the same at all,” he said. - Is this a Polish mazurka? And she dances excellently. - Knowing that Denisov was even famous in Poland for his skill in dancing the Polish mazurka, Nikolai ran up to Natasha:
- Go and choose Denisov. Here he is dancing! Miracle! - he said.
When Natasha’s turn came again, she stood up and quickly fingering her shoes with bows, timidly, ran alone across the hall to the corner where Denisov was sitting. She saw that everyone was looking at her and waiting. Nikolai saw that Denisov and Natasha were arguing smiling, and that Denisov was refusing, but smiling joyfully. He ran up.
“Please, Vasily Dmitrich,” Natasha said, “let’s go, please.”
“Yes, that’s it, g’athena,” Denisov said.
“Well, that’s enough, Vasya,” said Nikolai.
“It’s like they’re trying to persuade Vaska the cat,” Denisov said jokingly.
Armed forces of the world
Sudanese Armed Forces
Formerly the largest country by area in Africa and one of the largest in the world, Sudan lost almost half of its territory in 2011 after the secession of South Sudan, which had been subject to sectarian and tribal civil war for much of the country's history. At the same time, another civil war continues in the remaining territory of Sudan - in the western province of Darfur. In addition, the division of the country gave rise to a new conflict with South Sudan due to the insufficiently clear delimitation of the border between them.
Sudan is in conflicting relations with the West, while it is one of China’s main allies not only in Africa, but also in the world as a whole. Most of the oil produced in Sudan goes to China. In turn, Sudan receives a significant amount of Chinese military equipment. Other major arms suppliers for Sudan are Russia and Belarus. In addition, quite a lot of old Soviet and Western weapons remain in the country. Thanks to this, the Sudanese army is considered one of the strongest in Africa, although the level of combat training of personnel, of course, is very low, despite significant combat experience. However, this applies to all African armies.
Ground troops After leaving South Sudan and due to the ongoing war in Darfur, they are in a state of permanent reorganization. They include the 7th Armored, 6 Infantry (4th, 5th, 6th, 14th, 15th, 16th, 25th) and 9th Airborne Divisions, not less than 7 infantry (3rd, 5th, 7th, 12th, 21st, 25th, 29th) and 3 artillery brigades, a number of other units and units.
The tank park is extremely eclectic. It includes up to 200 of the latest Chinese Tour 96, 24 fairly new Tour 85-IIM and 50 old but modernized Tour 59D, up to 20 American M60A3, 126 relatively new Soviet T-72M1, up to 48 obsolete T-54 and up to 180 T-55 , 10 Iranian T-72Z (Ture 59 with M60 turret), up to 69 light Chinese Toure 62 and 10 Toure 63.
There are up to 250 BRM (up to 50 Soviet BRDM-1 and up to 98 BRDM-2, 6 French AML-90, up to 88 English Ferret and up to 58 Saladin), 74 infantry fighting vehicles (10 Chinese WZ-501 (Ture 86) and 49 similar Soviet BMP-1, 15 BMP-2), up to 700 BTR (89 newest Russian BTR-80A, 64 Soviet BTR-70 (modernized in Belarus), from 20 to 50 old BTR-50 and up to 37 BTR-152 , from 36 to 80 American M113, up to 45 V-100 and up to 78 V-150, 29 Canadian Typhoon, 10 Ukrainian BTR-3U, up to 104 Egyptian Walid and 25 Fahd, up to 25 Czechoslovak OT-62 and 40 OT-64S, 50 modern Chinese Toure 92, 20 Iranian "Raksh" ("Amir")).
Artillery includes more than 60 self-propelled guns (56 Soviet 2S1 and several of our own Khalifa-1 (D-30 on KAMAZ) (122 mm), up to 11 French AMX Mk F3 (155 mm)), about 250 towed guns (18 American M101 and 6 Italian M-56 (105 mm), up to 26 Soviet D-74, 24 Soviet M-30 and 20 similar Chinese Toure 54-1, up to 63 Soviet D-30 (122 mm), 21 Soviet M-46 and 30 similar Chinese Toure 59-1 (130 mm), 12 American M114 (155 mm)) and several hundred MLRS (460 towed Chinese Toure 63 and 5 Iranian Shaheen (107 mm), 42 Soviet BM-21 and 10 9P138 (122 mm ) and 6 of the latest Chinese WS-2 (302 mm), which were never exported to any other country).
There are 250 old English Swingfire ATGMs, 42 equally old Soviet Malyutkas, 450 modern Chinese HJ-8s, as well as 20 old Soviet BS-3 (100 mm) ATGMs.
Military air defense includes 4 Soviet Osa air defense systems and 2 Chinese FB-6, more than 300 MANPADS (54 old Soviet Strela-2, up to 125 old American Red Eye, up to 150 newest Chinese FN-6), 21 old ZSU (8 American M163, 13 French M3 (20 mm)), more than 150 anti-aircraft guns (16 American M167 (20 mm), 50 Soviet ZU-23-2 (23 mm), 80 61-K (37 mm), 10 KS -19 (100 mm)).
Air Force as eclectic in their equipment as the ground forces.
Strike aircraft include 11 Soviet Su-24 bombers and up to 9 MiG-23BN (5 more in storage), 12 Soviet Su-25 attack aircraft (including 3 UB; 2 more in storage) and up to 19 Chinese Q-5.
Fighter aviation has 9 relatively new Soviet MiG-29s (including 3 UB) and up to 18 Chinese J-7s (a copy of the MiG-21). In addition, up to 10 Chinese J-6 (MiG-19), up to 15 J-5 (MiG-17) and up to 17 Soviet MiG-21PFM (including 3 UM) may be in storage, but return It seems completely unrealistic to bring these outdated aircraft back into service.
There are 2 An-30 optical reconnaissance aircraft.
Transport aircraft - 2 Soviet Il-76, 1 Il-62M, 6 An-12B (1 more in storage), up to 8 An-26 (1 more in storage), 6 An-32, 2 An-72, 2 An- 74, 3 American S-130N (2 more in storage), 1 Falcon-20, 1 Falcon-50, 1 Falcon-900; up to 2 Canadian DHC-5D,1 Chinese Y-8, up to 5 Soviet An-24, up to 3 German Do-27 - in storage.
Training aircraft - 19 newest Chinese K-8, 6 JL-9 and up to 7 old CJ-6, 1 JJ-5 (up to 10 more in storage), 2 JJ-6; up to 12 Yugoslav UTVA-75 in storage.
The number of Soviet and Russian combat helicopters Mi-24 and Mi-35 can reach 53, with 2 more in storage. Multi-purpose and transport helicopters - up to 19 German Vo-105, up to 37 Soviet and Russian Mi-8 and Mi-17 (1 more in storage), up to 3 American Bell-212 (up to 7 more in storage); up to 11 Romanian IAR330 (a copy of the French SA330), up to 2 French SA316, up to 6 Soviet Mi-4s may be in storage.
Ground-based air defense includes 6-8 divisions of the old Soviet S-75 air defense system.
Navy Sudan are purely symbolic. They include 4 patrol boats of the Kurmuk type (Yugoslav Ave. 15), several small patrol boats, and 5 Yugoslav landing boats.
On the territory of Sudan (in Darfur) there is a fairly large contingent of UN troops, which are traditionally incapacitated. In addition, contingents of Chinese troops, which are formally considered PMCs, are used to protect oil fields owned by Chinese companies.
Apparently, it is Chinese PMCs that are an important guarantee of Sudan’s security. The country's armed forces, despite its large size, are unlikely to be able to provide it due to a significant proportion of outdated equipment, a low level of combat training and the extremely unstable situation within the country and in North-East Africa as a whole.
Alexander Khramchikhin,
Deputy Director
Institute of Political and Military Analysis
Colonel S. Antonov
The armed forces (people's armed forces) of the Republic of Sudan have historically occupied a special place in Sudanese society. As a pillar of the current regime, they play a decisive role in maintaining stability and ensuring security in the country.
In accordance with the constitution, the President of the Republic is the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces (since October 1993 - Field Marshal Omar Hassan Ahmed al-Bashir). The head of state is given the right to declare a state of emergency, bring troops to the highest levels of combat readiness, and give orders for their combat use.
Military policy, measures to prepare the country for war, directions for the development of the Sudanese armed forces, their strength and structure are determined by the National Defense Council, which also coordinates the activities of ministries and departments in the military field. Its permanent members are the president (chairman), first and second vice presidents, ministers of defense, foreign and internal affairs, finance, chiefs of the joint staff, intelligence and national security services.
The Supreme Military Council performs advisory functions to the head of state on issues of army development, development of the military industry, and areas of military-technical cooperation with foreign countries. This body includes: the Minister of Defense (chairman), his assistants, the director of the military-industrial corporation, as well as the heads of the joint staff, headquarters of the armed forces, the main operational directorate and military intelligence.
The highest military-political and administrative body for the management of the armed forces is the Ministry of Defense (MoD). It implements decisions of state leadership in the field of construction and acquisition of aircraft. The main tasks of the Defense Ministry are: organizing operational and combat training of troops; military budget planning; coordination of the activities of civilian industries producing defense products; supplying the army with military-technical equipment; management of scientific and technical work; establishing interstate relations and representative functions.
The Minister of Defense is appointed by the President (civilian, retired Colonel General Awad Mohammed bin Ahmed ibn Auf). Subordinate to him is the chief of the joint staff (Colonel General Imad al-Din Mustafa Adavi), and administratively - the chiefs of staff of the armed forces.
The Armed Forces of Sudan have a three-service structure (ground forces, air force and navy), the number of personnel, according to Military Balance 2016, is 244.3 thousand military personnel (ground forces - 240 thousand, air force and air defense - 3 thousand, Navy - 1.3 thousand people).
During a period of threat and wartime, irregular formations (people's defense forces - 20 thousand people) and reservists (85 thousand) are transferred to the operational subordination of the command of the national armed forces.
The budget of the Sudanese Ministry of Defense for 2016 is about 1 billion US dollars (2% of GDP), about 50% of which is allocated to the purchase of weapons and military equipment (AME). At the same time, at present, the combat effectiveness of the Sudanese army remains at a low level due to poor technical equipment, wear and tear of existing equipment, and insufficient training of command and rank and file personnel.
The construction of the republic's armed forces is carried out in the direction of increasing the combat effectiveness of formations and units, the quality of training of military personnel, as well as improving the military command and control system. Economic difficulties, coupled with ongoing armed clashes with opposition groups in the western Darfur region, are significantly slowing down the pace of implementation of planned development plans. The UN Security Council embargo (2005) on arms supplies to the parties to the conflict in Darfur, as well as Western sanctions against President O. Al-Bashir and his closest associates, negatively affects the development of military-technical cooperation with foreign countries, including with key partners (China, Iran, Russia).
The Sudanese armed forces are recruited on a territorial basis on the basis of universal conscription (rank and file) and a contract system (sergeants, officers, generals). The maximum service age for non-commissioned officers is 40 years, for officers - 50 years, for generals - 60 years.
In a republic where more than half the population remains below the absolute poverty line (less than $1 a day per person), military service is a prestigious activity that provides high social status and stable income.
Allowances for impeccable performance of duties and difficult service conditions range from 5 to 10% of the salary. Living space for officers is rented from the funds of the military department. Private and non-commissioned officers live in barracks on the territory of military camps. All military personnel are provided with clothing allowances and enjoy free medical care.
Officers are trained at national military educational institutions. Some of them study abroad, primarily in Iran, China and Pakistan.
The main branch of the Sudanese armed forces is ground troops. They are assigned the main role in repelling possible external aggression and ensuring internal political stability. Along with solving standard tasks, they are designed to protect the state border, military and critical infrastructure, assist internal affairs agencies in ensuring public order and security, and combating the smuggling of weapons and drugs. The immediate leadership of the Army is exercised by the Chief of Staff (Lieutenant General Yahya Khair Ahmed).
Armament and military equipment of the ground forces | |||
View | Quantity | View | Quantity |
Battle tanks: | 580 | Anti-tank weapons: | 140 |
T-72 | 70 | ATGM "Malyutka" | 20 |
T-55 | 305 | MTPK BGM-71C "Toy" | 20 |
Type "59" | 60 | anti-tank artillery guns | 100 |
Type "62" | 70 | Armored combat vehicles: | 810 |
Type "63" | 45 | BMTV (AML-90, "Saladin") | 55 |
Type "85" | 10 | BTR (BTR-80, BTR-70, BTR-50, BTR-152, M113A1, AMX-VCI, OT-62/64, Type "92", "Walid") | 340 |
M-60A3 | 20 | BMP (BMP-1, BMP-2, WZ551, YW-531) | 145 |
Artillery: | 1780 | BRM (BRDM-1, BRDM-2, Mk1 "Ferret", V-150 "Commando", M1114 "Hammer") | 270 |
155 mm self-propelled howitzers Mk F3 | 10 | Anti-aircraft weapons: | 1060 |
122-mm self-propelled howitzers 2S1 "Gvozdika" | 55 | anti-aircraft self-propelled guns (23-mm ZSU 23-4 "Shilka", 20-mm M3 VDA "Panar", M163A1 "Vulcan") | 30 |
155 mm howitzers M-114 | 10 | anti-aircraft artillery guns | 200 |
130 mm guns | 75 | 740 | |
122 mm howitzers | 20 | MANPADS ("Strela-2M", "Red Eye") | 90 |
105 mm howitzers | 20 | ||
mortars | 900 | ||
MLRS (302 mm WS-1, 122 mm BM-21, "Sakr-30", Type "81", 107 mm Type "63") | 670 |
The ground forces have 15 divisions (tank, motorized infantry, infantry - 11, airborne, engineering), 12 separate brigades (motorized infantry, infantry - six, border guard, reconnaissance, artillery - three), five special forces companies, units and central subdivisions.
The main formation of the Army is the infantry division (number of 7-8 thousand military personnel). Its typical composition includes: a headquarters, three or four tank, motorized infantry, infantry and artillery brigades, an anti-tank artillery division, an anti-aircraft artillery battery and four battalions (reconnaissance, engineering, communications, logistics).
The ground forces are armed with: battle tanks - 580, field artillery guns - 190, mortars - 900, multiple launch rocket systems - 670; anti-tank weapons - 140; anti-aircraft weapons - 1060; armored fighting vehicles -810.
The level of combat readiness of the country's military forces is assessed as low. The staffing of formations and units with personnel and equipment is less than 50%. More than half of the weapons and military equipment have reached their service life limits and require major repairs.
Sudanese Air Force include aviation units and subunits and air defense troops. The main tasks of the Air Force are: repelling enemy air attacks; gaining air superiority; covering important government and industrial facilities; air support for ground forces; conducting aerial reconnaissance; ensuring the transfer of troops.
The direct leadership of the Air Force is exercised by the Chief of Staff (Lieutenant General Osama ad-Din Mubarak Habibullah).
The air force consists of 12 squadrons (fighter - two, attack - two, transport - three, training, combat helicopters - two, transport helicopters - two), 11 divisions (anti-aircraft missile - five, anti-aircraft artillery - six), MANPADS batteries and two radio technical battalions.
The Air Force is armed with: combat aircraft - 52; combat helicopters - 45; auxiliary aircraft -45; auxiliary aviation helicopters - 23; missile launchers - 25; anti-aircraft artillery guns - 200; anti-aircraft machine gun installations -150; portable anti-aircraft missile systems - 250.
For the basing of Air Force units, the Wadi Syedna (Khartoum) and Port Sudan airbases, the Kassala and Kenana airfields, and the El Fasher and Gebel Auliya helicopter airfields are used, where material reserves and infrastructure for the operation of aircraft have been created. The facilities are equipped with more than 20 shelters, including several reinforced ones. Khartoum, El Obeid, El Geneina and Atbara airfields are used by both air force and civil aviation aircraft.
Quantity | Air Force weapons and military equipment | Quantity | |
Combat aircraft | 58 | Support aircraft: | 45 |
bombers (Su-24) | 4 | Combat training: | 14 |
fighters (MiG-29) | 20 | Mig-29UB | 2 |
fighter-bombers (F-5E/F) | 6 | K-8 | 12 |
stormtroopers: | 26 | Transport: | 31 |
Su-25 | 11 | IL-76 | 1 |
A-5 "Fantan" | 15 | IL-62 | 1 |
reconnaissance (An-30) | 2 | An-12 | 7 |
Combat helicopters | 45 | An-26 | 1 |
Drums: | 40 | An-32 | 2 |
Mi-24 | 34 | An-72 | 2 |
Mi-35 | 6 | An-74 | 4 |
Combat support (Mi-17) | 5 | Y-8 | 2 |
Auxiliary aviation helicopters (transport): | 23 | S-130 "Hercules" | 4 |
Mi-8 | 21 | DHC-5D "Buffalo" | 3 |
Mi-171 | 2 | "Falcon-50" | 3 |
Anti-aircraft weapons: | 625 | F-27 | 1 |
PU SAM SDS-75 | 25 | ||
anti-aircraft artillery guns | 200 | ||
anti-aircraft machine gun installations | 150 | ||
MANPADS ("Strela-2M", "Rad Eye") | 250 |
The level of combat readiness of the Sudanese Air Force is assessed as low. The staffing level of personnel and equipment is about 70%. More than 30% of the aircraft in the country's aviation fleet have reached their service life limits and require major repairs. Carrying out routine maintenance to restore equipment is difficult due to an acute shortage of spare parts and consumables.
To tasks Sudanese Navy includes the conduct of combat operations against enemy ships, the protection of sea communications, the defense of the coast and ports of the country. The direct leadership of the Navy is exercised by the Chief of Staff (Vice Admiral Fatih Saleh Mohammed).
The naval forces have detachments of small landing ships, patrol and patrol boats, auxiliary vessels, as well as security and support units.
The naval forces are armed with: small landing ships - two, patrol and patrol boats - 20; two tankers, as well as a hydrographic vessel.
The naval base system includes the main base of Flamingo Bay (Port Sudan), where repairs of small ships and vessels are also carried out.
The level of combat readiness of the naval forces is assessed as low. The manning level does not exceed 70%, and weapons and military equipment - 90%. The technical condition of the ship's personnel is unsatisfactory.
The armed forces of the Republic of Sudan are actively involved in combat missions to combat rebel groups and gangs in the areas bordering Libya, the Central African Republic, Chad, Ethiopia and South Sudan, and also participate in the operation carried out by the coalition of Arab states against the rebels in Yemen.
In general, at this stage, the Sudanese Armed Forces have a low level of combat readiness and are able to carry out the tasks assigned to them only to a limited extent.