Lesson-excursion “Admire, spring is coming!” A series of observations of natural objects for educators “autumn changes in nature” Admire the autumn nature from your own observations.
A candlestick is considered one of the most important decorative elements. It not only harmoniously decorates the interior, but also gives it an atmosphere of warmth and comfort. Also, this decor is often used in table setting. In today's step-by-step master class we will tell you... You can decorate with it both the interior and the New Year or Christmas table. To create it you will need a minimum of materials that you can find at home.
Let's prepare everything you need to make a New Year's candlestick with your own hands:
- miniature glass jar;
- sea salt of any desired shade;
- string;
- several spruce branches;
- scissors;
- PVA glue;
- berries and stars from citrus peels for decorating crafts.
How to make a New Year's candlestick with your own hands step by step with a photo?
For the base of the candle holder, we prepared a small glass mini baby food jar with a volume of 0.080 liters. We remove the lid - we won't need it anymore. Next, we create an unusual texture on the outer surface of the jar using sea salt. To do this, carefully paint the walls of the jar with PVA glue,
leave the applied glue for 2-3 minutes so that the glue becomes more viscous,
and then sprinkle these areas with sea salt.
As for the size of the crystals, salt of medium and large fractions is better suited to obtain multiple beautiful refractions of light.
To avoid bald spots, repeat the procedure again. After which the texture of the candlestick will become denser and more uniform.
For the most decorative look, we also decorate the neck of the jar with large crystals of sea salt.
The base of the candlestick is ready, now you can start decorating it.
We fold a piece of string in half, tie it around the neck of the jar, and form a bow from the ends. We cut off the excess tourniquet.
Glue spruce branches to the bottom of the bow.
So that they do not crumble and last as long as possible, they can be treated with acrylic varnish and then dried thoroughly. You can also use artificial branches. We decorate the center of the composition with several artificial bright red berries or beads.
We complement the middle of the bow with a miniature star made from tangerine peel.
Who said that all beautiful products for New Year's decor must be purchased ready-made? Let's take advantage of numerous and practical ideas and create a special and stylish New Year's candlestick with our own hands. Today the editors of the site decided to help their readers in this pleasant and not too troublesome task with useful tips.
Read in the article
Candles for the New Year: decorative and useful role
What does the light of a New Year's candle give us? This is a combination of magical shimmer with the greenery of pine needles, with and the rest. This is a truly festive dim light, perceived by us as something unshakable and traditional. Our task is to provide this fabulous radiance with a worthy frame.
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Key areas are decorated with candles, so it makes sense to awaken the creator within you and create with your own hands such a useful and thematic item as a New Year’s candlestick.
How and from what materials you can make a New Year’s candlestick with your own hands: choosing the best way
It may very well be that to create a creative product you won’t even need to leave your home: depending on the chosen method, you probably already have everything you need at hand. But if a couple of some components are missing for a future miracle, this is not a reason to give up. Let's look at the best options for candlesticks and dive headfirst into work.
Making your own candlestick: using glass glasses
There are several glass glasses in any kitchen. They have a solemn role in store for them during the New Year holidays, so we are preparing candles and suitable materials - this evening a lovely glowing craft will appear in the house!
How to cut a glass bottle - watch the video:
![](https://i0.wp.com/housechief.ru/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/28-novogodnij-podsvechnik-svoimi-rukami.jpg)
Magic and beauty with floating candles
To create your own New Year's candlesticks with floating candles, you don't need a master class, but impressive photos. A sight once is worth a thousand words. From a small number of ingredients a special charm is obtained.
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Forest gift for the New Year
There are plenty of cones under every coniferous tree, and those who had stocks of cones in the winter were completely lucky. Cones can be used to decorate a holiday in eco-style, rustic and rustic style. This natural material is also easy to paint and thus fits into any style.
![](https://i0.wp.com/housechief.ru/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/33-novogodnij-podsvechnik-svoimi-rukami.jpg)
Fir branches plus candles
A chic DIY New Year's candlestick is made from fir branches. At the beginning of December it is too early to do such a craft - the needles quickly fall off, but closer to the holiday it is worth going for a spruce sprig. As an option, you can use artificial spruce branches, then the product will remain decorative for many years.
![](https://i0.wp.com/housechief.ru/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/34-novogodnij-podsvechnik-svoimi-rukami.jpg)
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Making your own citrus candlesticks for the New Year
Orange and lemon can be used not only for food: they are a fragrant base for candles. For production you will need
1. Based on the results of the excursion, fill out the table.
2. Indicate the order of the autumn months with numbers.
3. Complete group work assignments.
Option 1
Autumn phenomena in inanimate nature include: cooling, leaf fall, first frosts, freezing.
2) Cut out the pictures from the Application and paste them into the appropriate frames
Option 2
1) Find the error in the statement. Cross out the extra word.
Autumn phenomena in wildlife include: wilting of grass, the appearance of frost , disappearance of insects, departure of migratory birds.
2) Cut out the pictures from the Appendix and paste them into the appropriate frames.
4. In the atlas-determinant “From Earth to Sky” find information about swallows and swifts. Find out how they are similar and how they differ. Write it down.
Comparison of swallows and swifts
Similarities: They feed on insects caught on the fly: flies, mosquitoes, bees, wasps. They have approximately the same key shape and short, weak legs.
Differences: swifts fly much faster than swallows (up to 150 km/h), swifts almost never sit on the ground, they prefer sheer rocks and walls, swallows build nests from earth and clay, and swifts do not build nests at all, but use ready-made hollows and crevices.
5. Seryozha and Nadya’s dad offers you a task. Admire the autumn nature and, based on your observations, complete the drawing “The Beauty of Autumn”
Autumn fun in elementary school, grades 1-2
Place of work: BOU VO "Gryazovets boarding school for students with visual impairments"
Description of material: I offer you a summary of an excursion into nature for 1st and 2nd grade students at a boarding school for visually impaired children. This development can be used in secondary schools in extracurricular activities and in the “World around us” lesson; it can be useful for primary school teachers, educators at boarding schools and after-school groups. This is an educational lesson on ecology about the nature of our native land. It expands students’ understanding of leaf fall, the benefits of fallen leaves, and introduces them to such a tree as larch. The children enjoy communicating with nature. The activity promotes team unity, develops the ability to work in a group, and instills a love for the nature of the native land.
Target: expanding students’ understanding of leaf fall, the diversity and benefits of fallen leaves.
Training tasks:
1. study one of the laws of natural development - leaf fall;
2. expand your understanding of the benefits of fallen leaves;
3. introduce students to larch;
4. form a correct idea of the world around you.
Educational tasks:
1. receive aesthetic pleasure from communicating with nature;
2. instill love for the native land, for nature;
3. promote team unity through joint creative activities;
4. to cultivate in a blind and visually impaired child the need to communicate with nature.
Corrective and developmental tasks:
1. develop the desire for knowledge, observation, memory, attention, coherent speech;
2. form visually practical thinking;
3. develop spatial orientation skills;
4. develop students’ creative abilities and ability to work in a group;
5. to develop in students the skills and abilities of tactile perception of objects and phenomena of the surrounding world.
Progress of the lesson.
Introductory part. Goal setting.Guys, today we will spend our halt on the street and talk about... But what, you have to guess for yourself. Listen to the poem.
Falling leaves wander in the grove
Through the bushes and maples,
Soon he will look into the garden
Golden ringing.
Make a fan out of leaves
Bright and beautiful.
The wind will run through the leaves
Light and playful.
And obediently follow the wind
The leaves are flying away -
So there's no more summer
Autumn is coming.
- What is this poem about? That's right, about leaf fall. And now it’s autumn outside too, with its unique beauty. Everything was painted in bright gold, yellow and red colors, autumn did its best.
- Guys, do you like autumn?
Every person admires autumn in their own way. Some silently admire it, others express their feelings with a pen on paper, and still others use a brush and paints on canvas - these are artists. The leaf fall is especially beautiful.
A conversation about autumn leaves.
So autumn has come,
The leaves began to fall...
Either a miracle or a miracle -
I just can't understand.
There is nothing more beautiful in the world
This colorful time!
Autumn is walking around the planet
And he brings his gifts.
- Why do leaves begin to change color in autumn? (Children's answers)
The sun shines less, the days become shorter, so the green substance in the leaves does not have time to be produced. The most common color of trees is yellow. There are trees that turn completely yellow in the fall, and others that only turn red. But on maple, for example, the leaves first turn yellow and then red. This makes beautiful colorful trees.
- Why do trees shed their leaves in autumn? (Children's answers)
Firstly, because in winter a lot of snow would stick to the branches with leaves, and the trees could break from the weight. And secondly, because in winter it is difficult for tree roots to extract water from the frozen ground, so the leaves do not have enough water in the cold season.
At the end of summer, a thin partition forms at the base of each leaf. Gradually it becomes more and more and seems to push the leaf away from the branch. In some leaves, such a partition grows quickly, which is why they fall earlier than others, while others stay on the branches for a long, long time.
- Do you think fallen leaves are useful? (Children's answers)
It turns out yes! Hedgehogs can build winter nests in them, badgers and squirrels use leaves to insulate their homes, and caterpillars, butterflies, beetles and spiders overwinter in fallen leaves. Fallen leaves protect the roots from frost.
Game "Yes and no".(Give the correct answer).
- Do flowers bloom in autumn?
- Do mushrooms grow in autumn?
- Are the clouds covering the sun?
- Is the prickly wind coming?
- Do fogs float in autumn?
- Well, do birds build nests?
- Do the bugs fly?
- Do the animals close their minks?
- Is everyone collecting the harvest?
- Do flocks of birds fly away?
- Does it rain often?
- Do we get boots?
- Is the sun shining very hot?
- Can children sunbathe?
- Well, what should we do?
- Should I wear jackets and hats?
- Let's listen: shhh... What is this? It's the rustling of fallen leaves underfoot. A whole carpet of colorful leaves.
-What are they whispering about?
Reading the poem "Falling Leaves".
fallen leaves
The conversation is barely audible:
- We are from maples...
- We are from apple trees...
- We are from the elms...
- We are from cherries...
- From aspen...
- From bird cherry...
- From an oak tree...
- From a birch tree...
Leaf fall everywhere:
Frost is on the doorstep!
Yu. Kapotov
Game "Recognize the tree"
Children take leaves and twigs of coniferous trees from the box, closing their eyes. At the teacher’s command, the children open their eyes and run to the tree whose leaf is in the child’s hand.
Getting to know larch.
Some trees do not shed their leaves for the winter, but remain green as in spring. These are many coniferous trees that have thin needles instead of leaves: spruce, pine, cedar, cedar, fir.
- Who guessed why coniferous trees do not shed their leaves, but remain green all year round? (Children's answers)
The leaves of coniferous trees are covered with thick skin. Such leaves evaporate much less moisture than the wide leaves of deciduous trees.
This is why coniferous trees are in almost no danger of drying out when the roots get little water from the cooled soil. In addition, snow cannot be retained on narrow needle-shaped needles in the same way as it was retained on the wide blades of deciduous trees. This means that snow cannot accumulate on the crowns of coniferous trees in such masses that the branches break under its weight. The location of the needles on the branches and the position of the branches on the tree also play a role here.
For example, spruce needles are very smooth. Located on both sides of the branches, they form a smooth, slippery surface. The branches themselves are located obliquely downward in relation to the main trunk of the tree. Therefore, even small masses of accumulated snow slide off easily.
- Look at the branches of this tree. Can it be called coniferous? (Yes. The tree has needles)
- How are the needles located on the branch? (In groups. In bunches)
- How do the needles of this tree differ from the needles of spruce and pine? (It is soft, non-thorny. The needles are yellow in some places, they fall off)
- Who knows the name of this tree? (Larch)
Larch needles fall off in the fall, just like the leaves of deciduous trees.
- Notice how many leaves-needles of the larch have already fallen to the ground.
Larch can live up to 500 years. Its wood is heavy and sinks in water. Nevertheless, under Peter I, ships were built from it, since it contains a lot of resin and does not rot for a long time. In Venice and Poland, houses were built from it, which have been perfectly preserved to this day. It was because of its strong and durable wood that larch was mercilessly cut down. In our area, larch can rarely be found.
Competition “Who can make the best autumn bouquet?”
And now I’ll read you a poem by O. Vysotskaya
Autumn days.
There are large puddles in the garden.
The last leaves
The cold wind swirls.
There are yellow leaves,
There are red leaves.
Let's collect it in a wallet
We are different leaves!
The room will be beautiful.
Mom will tell us - Thank you!
(Children collect fallen tree leaves, making various autumn bouquets).
Game "Sound the picture."
Children are selected who will voice the rustling of leaves (sh-sh-sh). another group of children will use their voice to convey the singing of birds (ku-ku, pew-pew). One of the guys will transmit the buzzing of insects. If students pronounce all the sounds at once, then we will “hear” the sounds of the forest!
Training.
And now our training. Close your eyes and repeat after me. "The sun shines brightly. Light breeze blowing. I breathe in his clean, fresh air. The meadow grasses are swaying. Birds proudly circle above me. I feel good and pleased. I am very glad that I met the amazing world of nature. I want to live in peace with nature. I will be a friend and protector of all living things."
Work in the classroom.
Composition of leaves from the collective panel “Autumn Forest”.
Summarizing. Reflection.
- What new did you learn on the excursion?
- Did you like it or not?
- What did you like more? Why?
- Who can praise themselves for their work today?
- Who is dissatisfied with themselves? Why?
State budgetary educational institution
additional professional education
"Nizhny Novgorod Institute for Educational Development"
(GBOU DPO NIRO)
Department of Theory and Methodology of Preschool Education
“Current problems of preschool education
under the conditions of the introduction of Federal State Educational Standards for Additional Education"
Development of a series of observations of objects of living and inanimate nature in the senior group.
Theme: “Autumn changes in nature.”
Completed by: Tikhova Anna Igorevna
Position: teacher
Place of work: MBDOU kindergarten "Topolek"
District: Borsky
2015
Project type : informative.
Objective of the project: teach children to notice changes in nature and admire them. Continue to teach children to observe autumn phenomena in living and inanimate nature.
Form of work : observation.
Project participants : children of the older group.
Term : within a month (September).
Project implementation:
1. Targeted excursion. Theme “Meeting autumn” (excursion to the park)
Tasks: Teach children to notice changes in nature and admire them. Continue to teach children to observe the phenomena of inanimate nature: the sun is no longer warming as much as in summer, the sky is still blue and bright, but clouds are appearing more and more often. Introduce a new tree - linden, note its characteristic features (trunk structure, arrangement of branches, shape of leaves; linden is a honey tree), systematize children's knowledge about trees. Continue to develop children's knowledge about the park as an artificially created community of plants, a place of recreation for adults and children (why it is necessary to know and follow the rules of behavior in the park). Admire the beauty of the park in autumn attire: the leaves on the trees and bushes have changed their color (they have become bright, multi-colored and only the lilacs have green leaves left).
2. Observation “What blooms in our area in early September?”
Target: Teach children to find and correctly name flowering plants on the site.
Questions and description: What's blooming in our area? What flowers did you plant in the spring? Why did we plant flowers on the site? Which flowers do you like best? Why?
Inspection of the site, finding flowering plants, determining their names. It is noted how beautiful the area with flowering plants is. Children admire the flowers and name what is beautiful in each plant.
Artistic word:
"Flowers"
Bell and left hand,
Dahlia, golden ball,
Cornflower, chamomile, asters,
Lily of the valley with a wonderful smell,
Poppy, tulip, fragrant tobacco,
Golden dandelion,
Rose, mallow and iris.
Forget-me-not and narcissus,
Remember well
What are the flowers called?
Labor in nature: Collecting early seeds in a flower garden.
3. Observation of insects in autumn.
Target: Systematization of ideas about the behavior of insects in autumn.
Questions: Where did the grasshoppers that were chirping in the grass go? Why are there no ladybugs visible? Where are all the beetles and butterflies? (They hid). Who or what were they hiding from? (They felt cold.) Where did they hide? (In the cracks of tree trunks, in the crevices of houses). What are they doing there? (They fall asleep).
Experience: Find places where insects are hiding so as not to die during the long cold winter (Under the bark of trees, in fallen leaves). Collect dry leaves from the ground and sift. Conclusion: There are many different living things in leaves. Consider them.
Labor in nature: Clearing the area of leaves.
4. Observation. Inspection of the kindergarten site
(game "Scouts")
Target: Draw children's attention to the changes that have occurred in nature with the flowers, trees, and shrubs they know.
Questions: Is there a lot of greenery on the site? Colors? Find it. Is the property a home for anyone? For whom? What does this house have for the living inhabitants of the site? (The site is home to many plants and they grow and feel good, because there is everything for their life: nutritious soil, a lot of moisture, sunlight and warmth.) And for children it is pleasant and healthy to walk in a clean, beautiful area. Therefore, you need to take care of the site. Now let's look and see how many insects we have on our site? How many were there in the summer? How are they behaving now (in the fall)? Comparison with summer.
Artistic word:
"Autumn - Artist."
Knitted an Autumn colorful apron
And she took buckets of paints.
Early in the morning, walking through the park,
I circled the leaves with gold.
Labor in nature: Preparation and drying of plant leaves for herbarium.
5. Observation of the departure of insectivorous birds
Target: Notice that there are fewer birds. Determine the cause.
Questions and description: Are there flies, mosquitoes, butterflies now? Where are they? Does anyone eat them? (Birds) What do these birds eat now? (These birds have nothing to eat now). How can they live without food? What are they doing? (They are getting ready to fly to warmer climes) How do they behave? How do you notice this? (Gathering in large flocks, they either quickly rush through the air, practicing before flying, or sit on the wires and chirp, as if talking to each other about a long journey) In a few days will we see them? (In a few days we won’t see them anymore, they will fly away).
Artistic word:
Birdie, we feel sorry for your sonorous songs!
Don't fly away from us, wait.
Dear little ones! From your side
The cold and rain are driving me away.
Over there in the trees, on the roof of the gazebo
How many friends are waiting for me!
Tomorrow you will still sleep, children,
And we will all rush south.
There is neither cold nor rain there now,
The wind does not tear leaves from the branches,
The sun doesn't hide in the clouds...
Labor in nature: Preparation of leaves and seeds of plants for feeding birds.
6. Observation of leaf fall.
Target: Show children that nature is beautiful in all seasons.
Questions: colorful park,
Multicolored garden.
Leaf fall has begun!
The leaves have begun to fall!
Under the guys' feet
The leaves are rustling happily!
What natural phenomenon is the poem talking about? What does the word "leaf fall" mean? Why do the leaves fall in the fall? (In autumn, the leaves do not get enough sunlight and warmth). How do trees prepare for winter cold? (Dropping leaves) Are the colors of leaves the same for different tree species? (The colors of leaves vary from tree to tree) Do you like colored leaves? Do you like collecting them? Why?
Artistic word:
Puzzles:
They grow in the summer and fall off in the fall.
(Leaves)
Gold coins fall from a branch.
(Leaves in autumn)
Labor in nature: Preparation and drying of leaves for applications.
7. Observation of the vegetation of the site, its seasonal condition.
Target: Lead to comparison, search for similarities and differences between natural phenomena and seasonal changes.
Questions and description: They look at one of the trees. What is the name of the tree? What color are its leaves? Which leaves are more yellow or green? Where are the yellow leaves and where are the green ones? Are there any fallen leaves under the tree and what color are they? Where are there more leaves - on the tree or under it? Does a tree with colorful leaves look beautiful?
Then other trees and shrubs in the area are discussed and signs of autumn are looked for. Admire the trees and tell me who likes which one and why? What beautiful thing did you notice?
Artistic word: “What a shame...”
Autumn with a long thin brush
Recolors leaves.
Red, yellow, gold –
How beautiful you are, colored leaf!
And the wind puffed out its thick cheeks, puffed out, puffed out.
And I blew, blew, blew on the motley trees!
Red, yellow, gold...
The entire colored sheet flew around!
How offensive, how offensive:
There are no leaves - Only branches are visible.
Labor in nature: Shrub pruning
8. Observation of a birch tree.
Target: Draw the children's attention to the seasonal changes that have occurred with the birch tree since the previous observation.
Questions: What does a birch tree look like in September - early autumn? What is our birch like? What kind of trunk does it have? (The birch tree is very beautiful, small curly leaves, a white trunk, it is slender). What color are the leaves? Which leaves are larger, green or yellow? Are there leaves under the tree, on the ground? What color are they? Where are there more leaves: on the tree or under it?
Artistic word:
Autumn. It's frosty in the morning.
Yellow leaves are falling in the groves.
Leaves near the birch
They lie like a golden carpet.
In puddles the ice is transparent blue.
There is white frost on the leaves.
Labor in nature: Digging up the ground around the bushes.
9. Observation. The work of a janitor.
Target: Introduce children to the work activities of a janitor in the fall.
Questions and description: Who sweeps our area? Why is he doing this? What is he cleaning? Are there a lot of fallen leaves? Why so few? (beginning of autumn) How much will it be in a week or two? Where does he take the leaves? Can leaves be called trash? Can I burn it? Why?
Artistic word:
Mystery:
The teeth have
Don’t they know about toothache?
(Rake)
Labor in nature: Helping the janitor (gardener) - loosening and digging the soil near fruit trees.
10. Observation. First frost.
Target: Develop the ability to establish the relationship between the occurrence of frost and a decrease in temperature.
Questions and description: Do you know what frost is? Why does this happen? (From a decrease in temperature) What appears during frosts? (Rime) What is this? How do you explain? (This is the appearance of ice crusts on trees, the ground, and on all objects) What kind of frost is it? (Sometimes needle-shaped) What can frost be compared to? (With frost) Look at the thermometer, where is the column: above or below zero? So, what is the temperature today?
Experience: First frost.
Purpose: Show the dependence of the state of water on air temperature.
Contents: Pour the same amount of water into two jars. One jar is taken outside on a cold day, the other remains in the group. Together with the children, measure the air temperature outside, in a group. Determine the cause of water freezing.
Labor in nature: Planting garlic before winter.
Summarizing the results of observations on the project :
Organizing games, reading poems about autumn;
Enriching children's ideas about living and inanimate nature, behind autumn changes;
Formation of a caring attitude towards nature;
Increasing the level of communication.
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