The national interest in Russian. The National Interest: We are sliding towards war with Russia

Illegal issuance or forgery of prescriptions or other documents giving the right to receive narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances

Commentary on Article 233 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation:

1. The object of the crime is the procedure established by the state for the circulation of narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances in terms of their issuance and receipt in a medical institution.

2. Subject of the crime: prescriptions or other documents giving the right to legally obtain narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances.
Under the recipe in relation to Art. 233 of the Criminal Code is understood as a written order from a doctor on the composition, quantity and manufacture of medications containing narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, and on the method of their use. Other documents include documents that are the basis for the issuance (sale) of narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances. This is, in particular: a license for one or another type of activity related to the trafficking of narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances; extract from the medical history of an inpatient; requirement, waybill; application from a medical institution to receive narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances for use in medical practice (see: paragraph 33 of the Plenum Resolution Supreme Court RF dated June 15, 2006 "On judicial practice in cases of crimes related to narcotic drugs, psychotropic, potent and toxic substances").

3. The objective side of the crime consists of: illegal issuance of prescriptions giving the right to receive narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances; counterfeiting such recipes; illegal issuance of other documents giving the right to receive narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances; falsification of such documents.
The commission of at least one of these actions constitutes a crime under Art. 233 CC.

The essence of the illegal issuance of prescriptions or other documents giving the right to receive narcotic drugs or other psychotropic substances is that the guilty person ignores the relevant rules and regulations approved by health authorities regarding the issuance of these documents. For example, a doctor writes a prescription without proper grounds, or a license to sell medicines is issued to a pharmacy where there are no conditions confirmed by internal affairs bodies safe storage narcotic drugs.

Illegal issuance of prescriptions or other documents is a completed crime from the moment they are transferred to another person who does not have the right to receive them.
Forgery of prescriptions or other documents can be expressed as full production the above-mentioned documents, including all details and records, and in the introduction by the perpetrator of certain changes and additions to the original document (changes in the validity period of the document, type, volume of the narcotic drug, signatures of the persons who issued the prescription or other document, etc.) .

This act is considered completed from the moment of falsifying a prescription or other document giving the right to receive a narcotic drug or psychotropic substance. It does not matter that these forged documents were not used for their intended purpose. If a person received narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances using forged documents, his actions may be qualified under Art. Art. 233 and 228 of the Criminal Code.

4. The subject of a crime when issuing prescriptions or other documents giving the right to receive narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances may be persons authorized to issue these documents (doctors of private and public medical institutions, officials, working in the healthcare system, etc.). The subject of the forgery in relation to Art. 233 of the Criminal Code can be any person over 16 years of age.

5. The subjective side of the crime provided for in Art. 233 of the Criminal Code, is expressed in direct intent. The person is aware that he is illegally issuing or falsifying a prescription or other document giving the right to receive narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances, and wishes to do so. The motive and purpose do not affect the qualification of the crime.

Illegal issuance or falsification of prescriptions or other documents giving the right to receive narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances -

shall be punishable by a fine in the amount of up to eighty thousand rubles or in the amount wages or other income of the convicted person for a period of up to six months, or compulsory work for a term of up to three hundred sixty hours, or correctional labor for a term of up to one year, or restriction of freedom for a term of up to two years, or forced labor for a term of up to two years with deprivation of the right to occupy certain positions or engage in certain activities for a term of up to three years or without it, or imprisonment for a term of up to two years with deprivation of the right to hold certain positions or engage in certain activities for a term of up to three years or without it.

Commentary to Art. 233 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation

1. The social danger of the crime lies in the fact that the illegal issuance or falsification of prescriptions or other documents giving the right to receive narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances means their uncontrolled receipt for illegal use.

The crimes provided for in the commented article belong to the category of crimes of minor gravity.

2. The object of the crime is protected by criminal law public relations ensuring the health of citizens. Additional object are relations in the sphere of management.

3. The subject of the crime is a prescription and other documents giving the right to receive narcotic substances or psychotropic substances.

A prescription is a written order from a doctor, drawn up on a standard form and containing all the necessary details, about the dispensing by a pharmacy of a medicine or drug containing a narcotic or psychotropic substance, about its composition, dosage, and method of administration to patients.

The form of the forms of the specified recipes, the procedure for their registration, accounting and storage, as well as the rules for execution are established federal body executive power in the field of health care in agreement with the federal executive body for control over the circulation of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances. The prescription must contain information about when, by whom and in whose name it was issued, the signature or personal seal of the doctor, as well as the seal of the chief physician and the seal of the medical institution itself. The form of the special prescription form and the Instructions for filling it out were approved by Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia dated February 12, 2007 N 110 “On the procedure for prescribing and prescribing medicines, medical devices and specialty products therapeutic nutrition"(as amended on 08/01/2012) .
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RG. 2007. May 15; 26 Sep; 2009. Dec 4; 2011. March 30; 2012. 22 Aug.

Other documents are, in particular, a license for certain type activities related to the trafficking of narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances, an application from a medical institution to receive these drugs or substances for use in medical practice, an extract from the patient’s medical history, a bill of lading, a medical card, a book of records of the issuance of narcotic drugs for ambulance teams ", a license for a certain type of activity related to the trafficking of narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances, an application from medical institutions for their receipt, a consignment note.

Pharmacy organizations and healthcare institutions are prohibited from dispensing narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances included in Schedule II with a prescription issued more than five days ago. The list of positions of medical and pharmaceutical workers, as well as organizations and institutions that are granted the right to dispense narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances to individuals, is approved by Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia dated May 13, 2005 N 330. This List indicates: 1) the head of the pharmacy organization (institution), his deputy or the head of the department; 2) pharmacist of a pharmacy organization (institution); 3) pharmacist of a pharmacy organization (institution).
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BNA. 2005. N 25.

4. The objective side is the illegal issuance, forgery of prescriptions or other documents giving the right to receive a narcotic drug or psychotropic substance.

Illegal issuance should be understood as issuance in violation of established registration rules or issuance without appropriate medical indications.

Forgery of a prescription or other document giving the right to receive a narcotic drug or psychotropic substance involves violating the established procedure for drawing up, handing it over to a person who does not have the right to receive it, who does not need treatment with the drugs specified in the prescription, indicating in the document drugs in excess of what is necessary, exceeding standards for one-time issuance, execution of a document without the knowledge of the doctor or using his personal seal without consent, etc.

Forgery of a prescription or other document giving the right to receive a narcotic drug or psychotropic substance is fully covered by the disposition of the commented article and additional qualifications according to Art. 327 of the Criminal Code does not require it.

5. The subjective side of the crime is direct intent, i.e. the person is aware that, in violation of the established procedure, he is issuing or falsifying a prescription or other document giving the right to receive narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances, and wishes to carry out these actions. The motive for qualifying the crime does not matter.

6. The subject of the crime is sane individual who have reached the age of 16. The subject of illegal issuance of prescriptions and other documents is special. They may be persons authorized to issue such documents. The subjects of counterfeiting can be any individuals.

7. In cases where these actions involve the theft of issued in the prescribed manner prescription or other document giving the right to receive a narcotic drug or psychotropic substance, the act must be qualified according to the totality of crimes provided for in the commented article and part 1 of Art. 325 CC.

Illegal issuance or falsification of a prescription or other document giving the right to receive potent substances must be qualified under Art. 327 of the Criminal Code, and if there are grounds for this - in conjunction with Art. 285 of the Criminal Code.

To classify under the commented article the actions of a person who illegally issued or forged a prescription or other document giving the right to receive narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances as a completed crime, it does not matter whether such a drug or substance indicated in the recipe or other document was actually received. The receipt by the same person, using a forged prescription or other forged document, of narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances is subject to additional classification as the illegal acquisition of such drugs or substances. In this case, it is necessary to establish whether this person acquired narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances on a large or especially large scale.

Despite the tense situation, there is no new cold war, just as it will not be hot, unless Washington continues to pursue an aggressive foreign policy in those areas that Russia considers vital for itself.

As he writes The National Interesting, Russia is too much important country, to treat her as an enemy, and no one will benefit from a new conflict.

In the US, Europe and Russia there is talk of a new Cold War, and the parties are expelling diplomats from their countries.

However, as The National Interest writes, despite this diplomatic spiral, there is no new Cold War, nor will there be a hot one, unless Washington provokes confrontation by pursuing an increasingly aggressive foreign policy in areas that Russia considers vital to itself.

As the publication continues, the first and perhaps most important element of the Cold War is missing today: ideological rivalry. America is still acting aggressively international arena, determined to transform the world in his own image.

In contrast, Vladimir Putin has clearly learned the lessons of the collapse of the Soviet Union. His government's greatest desire is to maintain control, to enforce Russian interests and state border security.

Secondly, foreign policy Russia is essentially conservative and restrained, although not pacifist, while US foreign policy, on the contrary, is characterized by intemperance and outright militarism. The United States sees NATO moving closer to Russian borders natural evolution global American dominance, while Moscow sees it as a threat.

“Washington would think the same thing if Mexico decided to join the Warsaw Pact.

According to the Americans, Moscow is greatly exaggerating this danger - after all, the idea of ​​a European attack on Russia is similar to a scenario from a fantasy film. But the United States was not subject to numerous attacks from its European neighbors, unlike Russia,” the author of the article notes.

In his opinion, even the Syrian campaign shows the limits of Putin's ambitions. Moscow does not at all seek dominance in the Middle East, but simply wants to maintain a small role for itself in this region, which has long been dominated by America, which has created an alliance with Israel, Jordan, Egypt and the Persian Gulf countries.

And only the “arrogant Washington politicians” who, through military intervention, overthrew the legitimate governments in three Middle Eastern countries and advocated the invasion of a fourth country, had the audacity to accuse Russia of aggressive plans, although it simply supported the legitimate government in one of these countries.

Also, the absence of signs of a Cold War is evidenced by the fact that the world is no longer bipolar. The Europeans have sided with America while the People's Republic of China supports Russia, but the division is much more complex nature than during the Cold War.

Some European states oppose anti-Russian sanctions, which are introduced at the initiative of the United States, as well as against other American initiatives. And the PRC and Russia are friends by necessity, because they are brought together by Washington’s hostile attitude.

“Such an alliance (if it can be called an alliance) will be of little use if it is seriously tested. There is no “evil empire,” as President Ronald Reagan once called the Soviet Union and its satellites,” writes The National Interest.

And if there is any conflict, it is the eternal desire American politicians impose its will on everyone in the world, including on issues that have long been of interest to Russia.

As the publication concludes, Russian-American relations can be pulled out of the current tailspin, but for this the United States needs to stop interfering in order to assist its foreign friends. Washington also needs to end the diplomatic practice of mirror responses.

Additionally, the United States must address the Kremlin's security concerns and stop NATO expansion. In exchange, Russia will have to give up its support for Donbass.

You need to understand that Russia will not return Crimea, since it is historically part of Russia, so the United States and Europe must recognize this and lift sanctions if Moscow stops undermining territorial integrity Ukraine.

“The state of Russian-American relations is disgusting, but this is not a cold war. Washington must ensure that relations do not deteriorate further.

Russian Federation- This is too important a country to be treated as an enemy. No one will benefit from a new conflict, both hot and cold,” the American publication sums up.

The National Interest continues to actively develop the topic of war with Russia, which it has been running into for several years in a row. True, he formulates it in his own way: does NATO have enough strength to resist Russian aggression in Europe?

However, despite the enumeration of all the “atrocities” that Russia has already committed and that it is going to commit in the near future, when reading the article a completely natural question arises: who is the main aggressor? “Russia clearly wants to show that it can create a counterweight to the Western alliance and contain it,” says the author of the publication Chris Osborne. It turns out that the alliance is the aggressor and must be restrained.

This kind of logical errors and reservations are very typical for Western publications about “Russian aggression threatening to the civilized world" And The National Interest is neither alone nor very original in this sense.

At the same time, the desire to paint a more terrible picture also leads to quantitative distortions regarding the military-technical resources of the Russian army. And the most “reliable” sources are sought. Chris Osborne claims Russia has 3,000 aircraft. In reality, there won’t be that much, even if you add airplanes to military vehicles. civil aviation. And 15 thousand tanks. Probably, the accountants here took into account all the heavy armored vehicles produced in post-war period. And three and a half hundred warships. Although in reality there are 210 of them. However, the “reliable source” wants to create more horror, so he adds service vessels to the ships that do not have combat functions. Well, 2.4 million reserve military personnel can be taken seriously by “strategists” who have an extremely rough idea of ​​the Russian army, the most “sofa-like” one.

Special attention The magazine draws attention to the high growth dynamics of the Russian army, both quantitatively and qualitatively. There is talk about the growth of the country's military budget. And also about modernization and the creation of a new military equipment, publishing something similar to a “honor roll” of the military-industrial complex. Here is the fifth generation fighter Su-57, and the T-14 Armata tank, and precision missiles, and “Ratnik” equipment, and the S-500 air defense system... True, it’s not on the list hypersonic missile"Zircon", self-propelled howitzer"Coalition-SV", Ka-52K "Katran" helicopter, complexes electronic warfare and a number of other positions in which Russian designers achieved impressive results.

The magazine still reassures its American readers: “Many experts argue that NATO, due to its size, firepower, air superiority and modern technologies will prevail in a significant military conflict with Russia.” Of course, by “significant military conflict” both experts and The National Interest understand Russia’s attempt to conquer the stronghold of democracy, that is, the United States.

However, “minor conflicts” frighten not only the author of the publication, but also the American strategic Research Center RAND. Organization in to the highest degree serious, conducting research for the US government on security issues on military-technical and strategic aspects.

RAND considered several scenarios for a Russian attack on border countries, taking into account the military resources available to the “aggressors” and “victims.” All this is called “computer games”, which represent virtual battles of troops taking into account their military-technical power. The result was shocking for the Baltic inhabitants: “ Organizational structure NATO, created in Eastern Europe V last years, will not be able to deter Russian incursions into countries such as Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia, RAND finds.”

Moreover, the Balts have little time to enjoy what remains of their independence: “Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia will be captured within sixty hours.” There is a certain devilish grin and wink in this figure - they say, we remember very well how quickly Hitler conquered European countries.

And then a downright apocalyptic picture is painted: “The rapid offensive in the Baltic states leaves NATO with very few attractive options for action, which include a risky large-scale counter-offensive, the threat of using nuclear weapons or simply recognition of the Russian annexation of the Baltic countries. Among other possibilities, the study talks about the very long time it will take to mobilize and deploy troops for a powerful counter-offensive, which will result in a protracted, bloody battle. Another possibility is the threat of using nuclear weapons. It seems unlikely, if not unrealistic, in light of the US desire to reduce its nuclear arsenal and abandon the use of this type of weapons.”

Well, we should remain silent about the US refusal to use nuclear weapons. Somehow this goes against the claims of erasing from the face of the earth North Korea for preventive purposes.

The National Interest argues that protecting the poor Balts requires money, and a lot of it. The Pentagon's Security Initiative European security" involves expanding the American military presence in Europe by "increasing firepower, creating forward reserves and headquarters support for NATO forces." First of all, RAND analysts say, it is necessary to deploy larger mechanized forces for defense.

The Pentagon is asking for $3.4 billion to be allocated for this program. This is the minimum. There is talk that the amount needs to be increased to 13 billion.

It is quite clear that this economic component of the project, codenamed “Save the World from Russia,” is one of the main drivers of anti-Russian hysteria. And here memories of the glorious past come into play, that is, of the times of the Cold War, when the United States maintained a huge military contingent in Europe: “In particular, the study calls for the development of a NATO strategy similar to the doctrine of air-land operations of the 1980s. At that time, there were at least several hundred thousand military personnel in Europe from ground forces The United States, whose mission was to contain potential Soviet aggression. U.S. Army Europe officials told Scout Warrior that there are 30,000 U.S. Army troops in Europe today."

30 thousand is, according to RAND analysts, extremely small. And 3 thousand Russian and 10 thousand Belarusian military personnel who will participate in the Zapad-2017 exercises on the territory of Belarus are, according to Pentagon logic, horrible power, capable of occupying the Baltic countries in mid-September. In general, the manic idea of ​​​​expanding the US military presence in Europe is clothed in some kind of completely Goebbelsian logic.

In conclusion, I should quote a couple of reader responses to the article posted on The National Interest website.

Grumpy_carpenter: The article would be nice if someone explained what Russia would gain from invading Europe. I understand strategic importance Crimea, I understand why Donbass wants to secede from Ukraine, but why would Russia attack Europe, short of a pre-emptive strike? What will they achieve other than popular hostility and huge expenses that will deplete their oil reserves?

Try Harder: Another example of militaristic frenzy. Look at this wisely. France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Greece, etc. - they definitely will not join the NATO war against Russia. To announce the Third world war, you need very compelling reasons. And the hysterical, inveterate Russophobes from the Baltic states and Poland would be better off completely abandoning any military action against Russia. Ukraine and Georgia have become shining examples of NATO's failure to protect its proxies.

Patriotism post, friends.

According to the author of the analytical magazine The National Interest by Dave Majumdar, there are currently four in Europe powerful armies, and the Russian Armed Forces top this list. And there are several undeniable reasons for this.

1. Russia has the largest nuclear potential in Europe, the most numerous and well-trained army, and is also one of the few countries that fully meets the needs of the army with its own military-industrial complex.

Artillery exercises at the Chebarkul training ground. Archive photo.
RIA News. Pavel Lisitsyn

2. The Washington Post : sanctions will not prevent Russia from creating serious strategic forces.

RIA News. Alexey Kudenko

European powers once dominated the world, but after two world wars no one could match the United States and Soviet Union By military power. However, after the end of the Cold War, the author notes, in a number of European countries"military muscles" atrophied due to the disappearance of the Soviet threat.
Russian army possesses thousands of nuclear strategic and tactical warheads. This fact by default puts Russia on the pedestal of one of the most significant powers on Earth.

At the same time, Russia is one of the few European countries that, as the expert notes, independently develops and produces equipment and weapons for its army, starting with submarines, ballistic missiles, jet engines and satellites and ending with the uniforms of soldiers.

In his opinion, another major advantage of Russia compared to its neighbors is its large and well-trained military personnel.

3. The Russian army at times increased the number of drones.

RIA News. Igor Zarembo

Second most powerful country According to Majumdar, France has one of the most effective armies in Europe. Unlike Great Britain, it remains completely independent nuclear potential and a military industrial base. In service French army submarines are standing with ballistic missiles and French-made warheads.
The French army has significant numbers, good technical equipment, which performed well in Afghanistan and Mali.

Third place the author of the article gave to the British Armed Forces, which today are only a shadow of their former greatness.
The UK still retains its nuclear arsenal, but the missiles come from the United States, and Britain's testing of new nuclear weapons is entirely up to the US.

The British aerospace industry has virtually sunk into oblivion, instead purchasing the lion's share of military equipment from the United States and other European countries.

4. Shoigu: the army will receive more than 200 planes and helicopters in 2015.

RIA News. Sergey Guneev

Today the UK maintains a fleet of 19 surface ships, four ballistic missile submarines and six attack boats. This army is also well trained and well equipped.
Closing the list of European military giants is Germany, which, after defeat in two world wars, was divided into capitalist and communist parts for most of the last century. After reunification, at the end of the Cold War, Germany reduced its military potential to a minimum.

Nevertheless, Germany has a powerful military-industrial potential and produces some of the most best tanks in the world Bars-2 and Leopard-3.
Having the best aerospace industry in the world during the Second World War, today this area defense industry Germany is in decline.

Despite the excellent training and equipment of the troops, for obvious reasons the Germans are reluctant to take part in military operations in the world, although they participated in some campaigns in Afghanistan.

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