Tetra von Rio content. Tetra Von Rio is an amazing representative of characins in your aquarium
You need to approach your dog's nutrition responsibly, because balanced food, in which sufficient quantity vitamins and minerals will have a beneficial effect on the body. Dog at proper nutrition will be healthy. So what cereals can you give your dog, let's figure it out.
Diet for every dog
Each dog's diet is different. If small breeds of dogs can only eat dry food, then for big dogs the diet should largely consist of high-quality meat, cereals, and vegetables. Additionally various dairy products and fish. It is important to keep a balance so that the food is rich in vitamins, from foods and additionally use vitamin supplements and nutrients.
Vitamin complexes contain daily norm important vitamins, they should also be selected with the recommendation of a specialist. In pet stores you can now purchase both dry and ready-made cereals, which are very convenient to place in warm water or broth, and in a few minutes you will have excellent food for your pet. The main thing is that the products are fresh and of high quality.
Despite the variety of cereals and cereals to choose from, you need to have your dog examined in order to determine proper diet nutrition.
Preparing dog food at home
When deciding what cereal to feed your dog, you need to study all possible information and make a choice. You can try giving different grains mixed or separately. This way you can quickly decide which cereal your pet likes.
It’s very easy to cook any porridge at home:
- You need to take a large saucepan filled with water or meat broth, put on fire.
- When the water boils, add the porridge.
- Cook until done, adding meat and various vegetables.
Remember that under no circumstances should you salt your animal’s food. Salt is harmful to all animals, and can even be fatal if the animal has urolithiasis or kidney problems.
To do this, you need to do regular blood tests to detect diseases and vitamin deficiencies. This way you can find out which microelements are missing and what needs to be used in the diet. It is important to adhere to the correct consistency when cooking porridge. The consistency should not be too thick or liquid. You can also add it to porridge egg, and vegetables should be in a ratio of 20-30% of the serving.
If you cook food for your animal at home, you need to take additional care of vitamins and supplements. They come in the form of drops, tablets or impurities that are mixed with food and are invisible to the dog.
What cereals to feed your dog
Very often, pet owners are interested in what cereals to feed their dog. All this depends on the breed of the animal, on the previous diet and on personal preferences. The activity of the pet and its health at the time of drawing up the diet also influences.
Buckwheat is considered the most suitable of all cereals. Even after cooking, it contains vitamins, microelements and nutrients for good stomach function. Buckwheat also has a good effect on work of cardio-vascular system, the work of the intestines, liver and kidneys. Affects the activity and condition of your pet's joints.
Rice. Accelerates the metabolic process, contains magnesium, calcium, vitamins B and E. When preparing rice porridge, you should take unprocessed cereal (not polished). It is this kind of porridge that will contain the greatest content useful substances.
Wheat. Wheat porridge is the most popular and loved by dogs. Grains that are not boiled serve as a brush for the dog’s intestines, but such porridge is recommended only for very active animals: Siberian huskies, malamutes, Yorkies, as well as hunting dogs.
Oatmeal. Rolling oats flakes are useful for dogs that do not suffer from urolithiasis. The porridge contains calcium, magnesium and B vitamins. This porridge should be cooked until full readiness. The flakes should be well boiled, without lumps. You can add a little milk or low-fat cottage cheese to them.
What grains should dogs not eat?
It should be remembered that not all cereals are suitable for dogs. Many dog breeders do not know what cereals should not be given to their pets, and among them we can highlight: corn, pearl barley and millet porridge. They are usually poorly digested, too heavy for the stomach, and do not contain the necessary vitamin supplements.
Based on your pet’s individual preferences, you can independently determine your dog’s least favorite porridge.
Corn. When cooked it has no useful properties. If your pet likes corn in fresh, it is better to give a little, but monitor the stomach reaction. You should not give canned corn, which contains a lot of salt and various chemical additives.
Millet. May cause volvulus in dogs. Difficult for processing by the animal’s body and does not contain useful substances. It takes a very long time to digest. Scientists have found that this type of cereal is not suitable for either people or animals. You need to exclude it from your diet.
Semolina. In semolina, scientists identified only pure carbohydrate, without vitamin supplements. This porridge may only be suitable for small puppies during the period of birth and up to 1.5 - 2 months. To mix a small amount of with milk or a ready-made mixture with cottage cheese and various vegetables for better work puppy's stomach.
Pearl barley. Often this product is harmful due to the allergic reactions it causes.
When choosing food, it is better to consult a veterinarian. For pets with hypersensitivity, this product is not recommended for use.
How to select cereals according to your dog's needs
A balanced diet for a dog is very important for the good functioning of the body. You need to select cereals and food products for your dog based on the breed, size and age of the animal. Veterinarians pay attention to the condition, its activity, mobility, and also based on the tests performed. This is the only way to find out the correct diet and its possible betrayal. Usually, when preparing food, you need to adhere to proportions. 70% meat ( meat products, as well as the liver, chicken hearts, light) and 30% porridge.
In addition, you need to add vegetables and dairy products. If your pet is still a puppy, you should definitely consult a doctor who will tell you what cereals can be given depending on age and breed. Usually puppies are given finely ground wheat porridge, it contains all the useful vitamins.
This mixture is given to active dogs that are constantly active, especially those who live on open areas or near home, because they need a constant supply of energy. Small breeds are often cooked with buckwheat or rice porridge. They are well absorbed, processed and do not harm the stomach.
What to cook cereals with
Typically, when cooking dog food at home, you need to boil it in water and add fresh meat and vegetables at the end. Most suitable meat:
- chicken (boneless only);
- beef, veal;
- turkey;
- rabbit.
It must first be removed from the bone and cut into pieces. small pieces. Meat can be given either raw or cooked. If you give the product raw, it must first be doused with boiling water.
Pork and lamb are not recommended for dogs. It is poorly processed, has a large amount of fat and negatively affects the animal’s body. Doctors also warn that if a dog frequently eats pig and lamb meat, it may cause stomach blockage or intestinal volvulus.
The main thing to remember is that meat should not contain bones, this causes many problems, injures the stomach and can cause ulcers or seriously injure the intestines.
Vegetables are also very important, even when boiled they provide useful fiber and vitamins. Of the most healthy vegetables: carrots, beets, cauliflower If the dog likes it, you can add zucchini.
Seasonal ones also include pumpkin and broccoli. If your pet doesn’t like raw vegetables, you can boil them or finely chop them and add them discreetly to the porridge.
Dogs also love offal, for example: chicken liver, stomachs, hearts. Considered very useful beef tongue and rabbit meat. Such products can be used to cook porridge broth and cut raw or cooked.
Summary about dog nutrition
If you want your pet to be healthy and happy, you need to choose the right food. homemade food should be supplemented with various vitamins, microelements and additives. Then the food will be useful and the animal will feel good. Cereals and porridges made from them are very important; many people do not know what cereals to feed their dog, and thus can harm it.
From huge selection products you need to choose the one that will be useful to your animal. At proper preparation and if all proportions are observed, the food will be balanced and nutritious. And if you supplement the food with good food, quality meat and vegetables - the body of your four-legged friend will work without failures. By choosing only fresh foods and following your doctor's recommendations, you will ensure your pet has a happy and healthy life.
What do you prefer to feed your pets?
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It’s rare that an owner offers his dog pure meat: it’s expensive and not very healthy. By-products are usually mixed with porridge and vegetables. But a dog’s stomach can’t digest just any porridge: some cereals cause pain and discomfort.
Among these harmful dishes is also barley, which is useful, according to many. What is the harm, is it worth offering your dog pearl barley and how to prepare it correctly, we will consider in the article.
Pearl barley is a type of barley grain processed in a certain way (by grinding). Hence the name, consonant with “pearl” - pearls, which it looks a little like.
Close “relatives” of pearl barley - barley grits, which is also made from barley, but chopped and unprocessed. It has the following advantages:
- high in calories, which allows the animal to easily get enough. And its ability to increase 5 times during cooking will be appreciated by owners who want to reduce the cost of feeding their pet;
- rich in proteins, vitamins, micro and macroelements. Contains magnesium, potassium, phosphorus and iron. All this gives the dog strength and strengthens the immune system, allowing the development of muscle mass;
- a good source of fiber, which is extremely important in animal diets. In small doses it improves digestion;
- This is a rather coarse grain that makes the stomach “work” to digest it. That is why some experts recommend including it in the animal’s diet without fail;
- due to its sliminess it is good remedy fight against diarrhea.
Why can't you feed it?
The main disadvantage of pearl barley is that many dogs are unable to digest it.
IN best case scenario it will come out of the stomach exactly in the form in which it got there - whole grains. Diarrhea will begin, the dog will defecate near the bowl, unable to bear it.
In the worst case, pearl barley that is not digested in the stomach will cause constipation in the dog. Side effects, but extremely unpleasant consequence will be a refusal to eat: unprocessed food in the stomach will create a feeling of false satiety and kill your appetite.
Regularly feeding a dog, especially an elderly one or one who is simply sedentary, with pearl barley porridge is fraught with rapid obesity. Kit excess weight will lead to other health problems.
Finally, pearl barley is a common allergen. In this case, after a couple of meals the animal will begin to itch, the skin under the fur will become bright pink, bald spots will appear, and in more severe stages, otitis media will develop and tearing will begin.
How and with what to give?
Barley should be included in the diet occasionally, alternating with other, more easily digestible cereals: rice, buckwheat and oatmeal. The best option is 1, maximum 2 times a week.
Barley should make up no more than 1/3 of the daily diet, mixed with meat and boiled vegetables. For better digestibility, it is cooked in beef broth.
If a dog loves pearl barley, then it will be willing to eat it, and it is important to calculate the serving size based on the weight of the animal in order to prevent overfeeding.
How to cook porridge?
Dogs usually eat pearl barley with pleasure, but to please your pet, you should try to cook it as appetizing as possible.
Recipe
Here's a sample recipe:
- Prepare the broth. It is best to cook it on the bones, but then throw away the bones and do not give it to your pet. The broth is not very fatty and is filtered.
- The cereal is washed.
- Barley is poured into a pan with boiling broth. The liquid should be left two fingers more from the level at which the cereal is in the pan.
- After boiling again, the heat is reduced and the pan is covered with a lid. Cook until fully cooked for about 2 hours; periodically you need to check to see if the water has boiled away. In the middle of cooking, you can salt the porridge - a little, literally on the tip of a knife.
- Five minutes before the porridge is ready, add meat and vegetables. There is also an option in which the meat and vegetables are not boiled, but placed raw in the porridge, but here it all depends on the preferences of the animal. The main rule is not to mix raw meat and cooked vegetables, or vice versa. At the very end of cooking, add herbs (parsley, dill, even nettles and dandelion leaves if desired).
Advice: You can beat a raw chicken egg into the porridge, but you should give it no more than once a week.
How long should you cook?
Barley is a slow-cooking porridge, so you need to prepare it in advance. Usually porridge from this cereal is cooked for about two hours; if undercooked it will be tough and tasteless.
The cooking time partly depends on the variety: coarse grains take longer to cook, fine grains with almost round grains cook faster. The shelf life of the cereal also plays a role: last year’s pearl barley takes longer to cook than this year’s pearl barley. Therefore, when purchasing cereal, it is worth looking at the packaging date.
There is a secret to cooking pearl barley porridge faster, literally in half an hour. To do this, you need to pre-soak it.
This is done as follows: the pearl barley is washed and poured cold water in the proportion of 1 glass of cereal per 1 liter of water. It is left in this form for about five hours; it is most convenient to do this at night.
During this time, the cereal will absorb a lot of water; the remainder must be drained. The pearl barley will swell and become easy to cook; the cooking time will take about 30 minutes.
With milk or water?
Pearl barley with milk is perfect for puppies if they are fed this porridge. For an adult dog, it is better to boil the cereal in water, since many animals develop lactose intolerance with age. The best option will cook it in beef broth - this way it is easier to digest and seems more satisfying to the animal.
For puppies
For puppies of large breeds, barley seems to be the optimal solution: it allows you to easily and without extra costs nourish your growing body.
On the other hand, it irritates the stomach of a young individual, and regular problems in the form of indigestion are possible. Therefore, you should treat your animal with this dish no earlier than 6 months, and if everything goes well, give it no more than 1-2 times a week.
Pregnant or breastfeeding
Pearl barley does not play a significant role in the diet of pregnant bitches. You can give it, but a little at a time, given that the dog during this period needs food high in protein, since it is the main building material.
This cereal promotes weight gain, and overly fat animals have a difficult birth, so it is better to reduce the amount of cereal products during this period.
A nursing dog can eat pearl barley in the same quantities as before pregnancy.
Breed exceptions
There is no specific ban on pearl barley for any breed. But breeds with a weak stomach, prone to digestive problems, will perceive this porridge worse than others. According to statistics, dogs of small and miniature breeds, for example, toy terriers, Chinese crested dogs, chihuahuas and others, are prone to sensitive digestion.
Problems are especially common in Maltese, Yorkshire terriers and, strange as it may sound, German Shepherds. When giving pearl barley to these breeds, special care should be taken.
What to do if things get bad?
If a dog has eaten pearl barley and feels sick, this may be due to the following.
Allergy. If, after introducing porridge into the diet, the animal begins to itch frequently, irritation and bald spots appear on the skin - it is most likely an allergy. In this situation, the dog needs to be shown to a veterinarian to accurately determine the allergen. The doctor may prescribe antihistamines. Barley will have to be completely excluded from the dog’s menu.
Diarrhea. It will not be difficult to recognize this problem: the pearl barley will come out of the dog’s stomach almost in its original form. This type of diarrhea can be treated at home. Enough to give Activated carbon(1 tablet per 10 kg of animal), skip several feedings and provide access to water to avoid dehydration.
Tinctures of burnet or serpentine also have a beneficial effect - they have an astringent effect. Optimal diet for the next few days - rice porridge and fermented milk products, fatty and heavy foods are unacceptable.
Constipation. The opposite effect of diarrhea after barley is also possible. In this situation, the dog will become lethargic and refuse food. She will make significant efforts to empty her bowels, “push”, but to no avail.
Helping your pet is easy: just add a couple of tablespoons of vegetable or castor oil(1-3, depending on the size of the animal). It's worth trying to feed prunes. You can also purchase a special laxative for dogs for these purposes - it is sold in veterinary pharmacies over the counter.
What to replace or supplement with?
Dogs digest buckwheat and rice porridge best; they are also allowed to offer oatmeal and, occasionally, semolina. Barley is best given in smaller quantity than rice and buckwheat.
Millet and wheat porridge can be a replacement option for it - they are not recommended for animals, but a number of dog breeders give them without problems.
Another option for pearl barley is mixing it with other cereals. But it is important to ensure that it is completely boiled, because its cooking time is longer than that of other cereals.
Conclusion
That's all the basic information about pearl barley in a dog's diet. If prepared correctly and in proper measure, this cereal will be a pleasant addition to the animal’s main menu. And if any problems arise after the treat, this porridge can be easily replaced with another.
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Tetra von Rio - maintenance, spawning, video of Tetra von Rio
Date: 2009-12-05
Tetra von Rio in an aquarium
Since childhood, I have associated Tetra von Rio with something noble - probably because of the German particle “ background" Later I found out that " background" in the name of fire tetras, tetras von rio, indicates only the origin of the species - from the reservoirs of Rio de Janeiro. German aquarists dubbed the species more prosaically - the rubella from Rio.
Known since the twenties, fire tetra (Hyphessobrycon flammeus), along with neons and thorns, has firmly taken its place in the aquariums of characinid lovers around the world. The fish is attractive with its bright coloring (with favorable conditions content) and, in addition, is interesting object for selection and breeding work.
Photo tetra von rio
There are known cases of crossing fiery tetra with related species - N. griemi, N. bifasciatus. In first-generation hybrids, the effect of heterosis is clearly observed (the offspring exceeds the parents in size, vitality, color, etc.). Based on these crossings, the famous Russian geneticist and aquarist Fyodor Mikhailovich Polkanov concluded that selection is possible in “any group of aquarium fish.”
I note that in last years many hobbyists successfully use it on some types of characins, such as , thornetia, blue neon, etc., a well-tested method of hormonal effects on coloration on carp fish.
The drug is added with food or dissolved in the aquarium water. As a result, in some cases the color of the fish becomes more intense and even young individuals acquire the breeding plumage of their spawners. But along with the advantages, the method also has its disadvantages: in the “colored” group, mortality increases and vitality decreases. At the same time, having acquired “colored” fire tetras, I noted that the hormonal effect did not affect sexual function, the activity of producers and the quality of the offspring.
Video - tetra von rio
And yet, I believe that this method should not be introduced into aquarium practice on a large scale: after all, we are responsible for preserving natural forms fish
Fire tetras They are good even without additional “tinting”, you just need to choose the right conditions and lighting for them.
Looks good in tall (up to 60 centimeters) aquariums where pinnate, vallisneria, water moss, small and low broad-leaved echinodorus, rotalla and ludwigia bushes grow. There must be open areas for fish to swim in the water column and near the front glass. In reflected combined light (25-40 watt incandescent lamps and daylight type LBU-20) a school of adult fish (20-40 pieces) looks like a moving pink spot. It is desirable that males predominate in the group - they are much brighter than females.
Photo tetra von rio
From the age of four months, the abdomen of females begins to protrude strongly; in adults it is yellow-silver. Males have a flat, lean body. The length of females is 4.5 centimeters, males - 3.5.
The main color of the fish in the front part of the body is silvery and yellowish. Behind gill covers, from the middle of the back to the middle of the abdomen, there are 2-3 dim, narrow vertical brownish stripes; from the last stripe to the root of the tail, the color of the fish ranges from pink to bright red.
Dorsal and caudal fins- pinkish, transparent; chest and fat - yellowish or colorless. Abdominal and anal fin and intense red. In males, the red color on the fins turns into brick. The edges of the fins are decorated with a dark narrow welt, which turns black during spawning.
Tetra von Rio contents
Tetru von Rio kept in aquariums at a temperature not lower than 16 °C in winter, 20-22 °C in summer. Total water hardness is up to 12°, pH 6-7. Frequent exposure negatively affects the condition of the fish. It is advisable to replace 10-15 percent of the water with boiled water once a week. A large number of rotting organic debris is also detrimental to fire tetras: they become restless, lose their appetite, and try to jump out of the aquarium.
Photo tetra von rio
The fish are very peaceful and can live in proximity to small characins, catfish, cyprinids, some South American cichlids, etc.
how tetra von rio spawns
Breeding Tetra Von Rio different ways. the main task properly prepare spawning water, which should be taken care of 7-10 days before spawning. This is how I do it. I mix 5 liters of boiled tap water and 5 liters of distilled water and add 20 drops of peat decoction or its extract. Instead of peat, you can put 3-5 alder fruits or add 2-3 drops of orthophosphoric acid (previously hydrochloric acid was added). For spawning of tetra von Rio and hatching of larvae, it is best to use water with a hardness of about 4-4.5° and pH 6.0-6.5.
Hello, dear friends!
Tetra von Rio is amazing freshwater fish, whose habitat is the rivers of southeastern Brazil. This fish has an incredibly peaceful character, preferring a school lifestyle. Maximum size, to which this grows wonderful fish, is only 4 centimeters.
Description
The temperature range varies within +24*C+28*C. What is noteworthy: when the water temperature rises by just 2 degrees, the fish are stimulated to reproduce.
This type of fish is quite temperamental. Therefore, it should only be housed with similar fish. So, the most recommended aquarium neighbors for it are neons, zebrafish, rasboras and the like, that is, swift ones.
Also, they get along well with catfish: they simply occupy the bottom niche of the aquarium and do not care about the middle and upper layers of the water. But there is a benefit: the catfish remove the bottom from the remnants of the feast.
Neons are perhaps the most successful neighbors for them, since they are also schooling fish, plus very playful and peaceful.
Habitat
Its natural habitat is small reservoirs in Colombia. Most big size An adult neon fish is three centimeters (females) and two centimeters (males).
What else is important for debutant aquarists - both neons and fire tetras are absolutely indifferent to aquarium plants: They do not eat them and do not dig in the soil.
As for maintenance, there are no special requirements, since fish are not very demanding in maintenance. In principle, everything is as usual: compressor, filter, backlight. The daylight hours for these fish are 8 hours: no more is needed, since the walls of the aquarium will quickly begin to become overgrown with green algae.
Nutrition
Feeding neons and tetras is very simple: specialized food “Tetra Min” comes to the rescue, as well as “Ichtio-vit” and “Supervit”, which contain absolutely all the minerals and vitamins that are necessary to maintain the health of your pets. The main requirement for food is its adequate size!
These can be either very small flakes or small granules. The number of fish feedings is 2 times a day. Both fish will look equally beautiful in any aquarium. By the way, since the size of the fish is very small, the aquarium you need to keep is not very large: 40-50 liters is enough for two dozen of both breeds.
P.S.
And one last thing. To create a landscape and design an aquarium for these fish, we strongly recommend using a blue background and green plants: Java moss, heteranthera, cabomba, cladophora. An element such as driftwood will not be superfluous: it will add elegance to the decor.
In general, these two types of fish are inexpensive, but incredibly beautiful. Populate your aquarium with them and get aesthetic pleasure!
Tetra von Rio has the typical quadrangular body shape of a tetra and belongs to the characin family. These aquarium fish typically reach 4 cm in length and live for about 3 to 5 years.
The front part of the body of this fish is silver, turning into fiery red on the back and especially at the base of the fins. Behind the gills, two black stripes stretch from top to bottom, and there is a blue ring around the eyes. Males have a blood-red anal fin; females have a lighter, sometimes yellow, fin. Only females have a black tip on the pectoral fin.
Tetra Von Rio is a very hardy fish, so it is perfect as a first fish. aquarium fish for beginner aquarists. However, despite the extreme hardiness of this species, the water in the aquarium must be carefully kept clean, as red tetras are susceptible to ich and other infections. Also this fish will do for beginners who want to start breeding spawning fish.
Spreading: South America. In river mouth areas Eastern Brazil, (state of Rio de Janeiro). They stay in rivers and streams with weak currents.
Description: The color of the head and the front part of the body up to the dorsal fin is silver, the back part of the body and fins are colored reddish. The bases of the fins are colored in a particularly bright, fiery red color. On the sides in the front of the body there are 2-3 short black vertical stripes. There is a luminous ring around the eyes. Dimensions: Reaches 4 cm in length.
Feeding/types of food: Omnivorous. Usually they consume all types of live and dry food. You can feed several times a day with the amount of food that will be eaten in 3 minutes or less.
Water parameters:
- Temperature 23-28 C
- Acidity (pH) 6.5 to 7.0
- Hardness (dH) 3-15
Minimum aquarium size: 40 liters. It will be suitable for keeping a small school of these fish.
Social behavior: Peaceful appearance, recommended for community aquariums. It stays in all layers of water and does not damage plants. It is better to keep a group of 6 fish or more. Neighbors should be calm - some viviparous, zebrafish, rasboras, others tetras and peaceful bottom fish.
Sex differences: Males have a blood-red anal fin. In females it is lighter, sometimes yellowish. Also, in females, the tips of the pectoral fins are colored black.
Reproduction
This type of fish reproduces relatively easily and generally presents no difficulties.
Before spawning, the spawners are seated and fed generously for a week. As a spawning aquarium, choose an aquarium with a volume of 4-10 liters, on the bottom of which a separator mesh is placed.
The water in the spawning aquarium must satisfy following requirements: temperature 24°C, dH 10°, pH 6.5, (boiled tap water).
Java moss is placed in the aquarium, which will serve as a substrate for spawning, and in the evening the breeders are placed in the proportion of 2-3 males to 1 female. Fish begin to spawn in the morning the next day. One female lays about 400 eggs. The caviar is very small and sticky, it sticks to the moss and separator mesh, but most of it passes through the mesh cells and sinks to the bottom. Immediately after spawning, the spawners are removed and the spawning aquarium is shaded.
The larvae hatch within a day. Immediately after this, it is necessary to remove the separator net from the aquarium after removing the larvae that remain on its surface.
After this, the grate is carefully removed and lightly hit on the surface of the water so that all the larvae fall into the aquarium.
After about three days, the fry begin to swim and actively feed. During this period they are fed with fine powdered food for fry (brine shrimp or small cyclops). It is necessary to monitor the aeration of the water, because... fry are very demanding on the oxygen content in it. After about two weeks, the fry are transferred to the main aquarium.
Tetra von Rio are hardy fish and rarely get sick. Sexual maturity in fish occurs at one year of age.
Aquarium care
look after fiery tetras It’s not at all difficult, provided that the water in the aquarium is clean. Any aquarium, regardless of size, needs regular maintenance, because over time in any closed system there is an accumulation of decomposing organic matter, ammonia, nitrates and phosphates. Their percentage increases further due to water evaporation. In order to avoid the accumulation of harmful impurities in the water, it is imperative to do regular water changes in the aquarium, especially if it is very densely populated. Replacements should be at least once every 2 weeks, in a volume of 25 - 50%, depending on the population.
Aquarium equipment
Von Rio tetras are quite hardy, kept in flocks of at least 6 pieces, so an aquarium requires approximately 40-80 liters. These tetras are somewhat more demanding than their other relatives, requiring soft, peat-filtered water and open areas in the aquarium to free floating. The aquarium should be fairly densely planted with live plants on the sides and back, and the front part should be left free for swimming. These fish will especially appreciate shelters and hiding places.
If you want to create the most comfortable conditions for these fish, create a biotope for them - an environment appropriate natural places habitat: dark soil, preferably river sand, living vegetation and driftwood in the form of twisted roots. You can add dry leaves, such as ketapanga, to the aquarium, which will color the water light brown. The leaves need to be changed every few weeks. Dim lighting will promote better coloration of this species.
Minimum aquarium volume: 38 l - this is the most small size, which can accommodate a school of these fish.
Suitable for nano aquarium: Yes
Priming: Any
Lighting: moderate - normal
Temperature a: 22.8 to 27.8 °C
Breeding temperature: 26-28
pH: 5.5-7.5, most preferably 6.5 to 7.0
Rigidity: 3 - 15 dGH, 10° most preferred
Salt: need not
Water movement: moderate
Habitat levels: all water layers of the aquarium
Compatibility
Tetras Von Rio are very friendly, peaceful fish, are recommended for keeping in any community aquariums. They will be happy when kept in schools of 6 or more; they will feel best with other small, calm fish. Tetras are very shy, so it is advisable to install the aquarium in a quiet place. Viviparous fish, zebrafish, rasboras, other tetras and peaceful bottom dwellers will be excellent neighbors for these aquarium fish.
NOTE:
Tetra von Rio has in currently poorly studied habitat. In 2014, biologist Carvalho hypothesized that the habitat around Sao Paulo is not natural for this species of fish and that most likely the populations arose due to the fault of aquarists who released the fish into local reservoirs. The suspicion of this is based on scientific evidence, which definitely shows that until 1977 the local area was a center for the ornamental fish trade. To prove or disprove this hypothesis It is necessary to conduct a DNA analysis of the fish.
Historically, the habitat of the tetra von Rio is located in the most densely populated part of Brazil, due to which habitat The fish habitat came under severe pressure and was seriously degraded. Since 1992 this type fish is gradually disappearing, and in 2004 the fish were included in the group of endangered.
Today in stores you can find tetras with a wide variety of colors, including those artificially bred by breeders.
Where to buy red tetra
This is not very common in our country. aquarium fish, she is definitely not one of the purely popular inhabitants of the aquarium. But you can buy it in online stores, from amateur aquarists via the Internet, the prices are very reasonable.
FAMILY:
Characidae
STUDIES AND SYNONYMS:
Modern scientific name received after a study by Myers in 1924. The fish received the prefix flammeus to its name for its design, literally translated from Latin, meaning “fiery red”
EXTERNAL DESCRIPTION:
Tetra von Rio is beautiful bright fish, with a beautiful rich color, predominantly red, the specific color and its intensity can vary, and the size of the pattern also differs significantly. Females are distinguished by a weaker color intensity, and males also have a more developed dorsal. The body shape of the fish is teardrop-shaped, greatly tapering towards the tail.
NATURAL HABITAT:
The specific distribution area of the fish remains unclear. Currently, existing records indicate that the Tetra von Rio lives in southwestern Brazil, in the area of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo.
In Rio de Janeiro, they are known only in coastal systems, including rivers flowing into Guanabara Bay. In Sao Paulo there are records of a population in the Tiete River, a tributary river system Paraná, concentrated in the metropolitan areas east and west of the city of São Paulo.
Tetra von Rio lives in shallow sections of rivers - up to 50 cm, with a slow flowing stream, among dense aquatic vegetation. There are also records of fish populations being discovered in completely different environments; fish have been found in different environments from pure clear water to the water, whose hue becomes dark brown.
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