The structure of the external nose. Anatomical structure of the nose: what you need to know about the organ of smell
Treatment of gynecological diseases is aimed at maximizing the health and reproductive functions of women. But in some cases, only complete removal of an organ can help: ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus. After such a surgical intervention, the patient’s life changes dramatically. To avoid complications and restore the body faster, it is important to pay attention to the quality of the rehabilitation period.
Specifics of hysterectomy
Tumor in the uterus
Surgery to remove the uterus is called a hysterectomy. This intervention is carried out as last resort when other treatment methods are ineffective or emergency care is needed. Sometimes the uterine (fallopian) tubes and ovaries are cut out along with the organ (oophorectomy). Radical surgical intervention carried out for the following diseases:
- prolonged uterine bleeding in the presence of benign tumors, for example, fibroleiomyoma (combines the properties of muscle and connective tissue), endometriosis.
- benign tumor during menopause;
- prolapse, prolapse of an organ (with this pathology, the patient needs to wear tight-fitting panties to support the muscle tissue).
The operation is performed using different technologies, depending on the complexity of the lesion, the experience of doctors, and available equipment.
Types of hysterectomy
- Vaginal (the organ is removed through the vagina without damaging the muscle layer of the abdominal cavity; it can be performed only if certain conditions are met: small size of the organ, elastic vaginal walls).
- Abdominal-wall or abdominal (intervention occurs through an incision in the anterior abdominal wall).
- Laparoscopic (the doctor makes several small incisions from 5 to 10 mm and, using special laparoscopic instruments, an optical system, and endoscopic equipment, separates the uterus and removes it through the vagina; thanks to this method, it is also possible to take a biopsy of the uterus - a tissue sample for laboratory testing).
- Supravaginal extirpation (removal of the organ while preserving the cervix).
- Robotic (the intervention is carried out using laparoscopy technology, but with a three-dimensional image; the operating technique is difficult to learn, so this is not done in all countries and is rare).
Laparoscopic surgery
Surgical laparoscopy is one of the most progressive treatment methods. With its help, you can not only find out the cause of the disease, but also perform the necessary amount of interventions. Modern level The development of medicine makes it possible to perform about 95% of gynecological operations using this technology, including removal of cervical and ovarian cysts. In this case, the recovery period is much shorter compared to open interventions.
If an adhesive process or severe endometriosis is diagnosed in the small pelvis, laparoscopy of the fallopian tubes is prescribed to cut the adhesions and restore their patency. In case of ectopic pregnancy, this is a necessary intervention to save life. Surgeries on the fallopian tubes are divided into several types:
- salpingo-ovariolysis (removal of adhesions to restore patency);
- fimbryolysis (the surgeon separates the fimbriae - the villi at the ends of the tube that propel the fertilized egg into the uterus);
- salpingoneostomy (creation of a new lumen of the fallopian tube);
- salpingotomy (removal of an ectopic pregnancy while preserving the organ);
- tubectomy (complete removal).
In many cases, such interventions save the patient’s life. They also require a recovery period and regular consultations with specialists.
After laparoscopy of the fallopian tubes and ovaries, postoperative antibiotic therapy, physiotherapy, and therapeutic exercises are required. Within a few hours after the intervention, the woman can get up.
Recovery after hysterectomy: principles of rehabilitation therapy
After removal of the uterus, a woman will not be able to bear or give birth to her child. If the fallopian tubes and ovaries were cut out, even assisted reproductive technologies will not help her. In addition, menstruation will disappear, the body will stop producing female hormones, and menopause will occur.
Before laparoscopic surgery, the patient feels fear of pain, consequences, but next period doesn't always bring relief. In order for a woman not to consider herself inferior or devastated, in addition to the medical component, consultations with a psychologist must be included in the rehabilitation schedule.
Depending on the woman’s age, pathology, and condition of the ovaries, the operation is performed with their preservation or excised along with the uterus. Such intervention is carried out strictly according to indications. To correct hormonal levels, an endocrinologist will prescribe special treatment.
Almost all women in the postoperative period exhibit clinical symptoms of posthysterectomy syndrome. It occurs in approximately 32-79% of patients. Depending on the stage, its signs can be early (starting on the 1st day) and late - a period from 1 month to a year after the intervention. Main symptoms - headache, insomnia, irritability, hot flashes, depression, weakness. Restorative therapy is aimed at eliminating them and restoring the body.
After the operation, daily hygiene is required; at the end of the day you need to wash yourself with weak herbal decoctions
During the first time after surgery, the woman will be given painkillers and electrophoresis to relieve pain. It is also necessary to follow a diet; the diet is expanded gradually. Its basis should be protein, easily digestible food. Stable intestinal function without constipation and flatulence contributes to better tissue healing. As in the case of removal of the fallopian tubes, the patient is given antibiotics and vitamins. Postoperative underwear (pants) will make you feel more comfortable and support your muscles. After discharge home, the second stage of recovery begins.
Advice: spotting may appear in the first week after the intervention. To avoid discomfort, you should use pads and wash regularly boiled water, decoction of chamomile, sage.
Rehabilitation after hysterectomy includes:
- therapeutic exercises (to avoid problems with urination and defecation, you need to do Kegel exercises, which strengthen the walls of the vagina, the pelvic floor muscles, and prevent the formation of adhesions in the tubes, but you cannot do fitness and running);
- physiotherapy (electric sleep, low-frequency magnetic therapy, massage of limbs for swelling);
- drug support (to avoid the development of specific diseases - atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, after removal of the uterus, the patient should take preventive medicines, hormones, if the ovaries are removed);
- acupuncture (impact on active points on the human body contribute to the rapid recovery of the body).
If the operation was performed in the traditional way through an abdominal incision, return to old life possible in 6-8 weeks, with laparoscopy – in 2-3. You cannot take a bath, lift heavy things, or drive sex life. When the stitches heal, they gradually return to their usual hobbies: fitness, going to the pool, running.
Advice: removal of uterine fibroids most often leads to loss of organ function. To maximize her chances of recovery, a woman should never ignore any changes in women’s health, and especially the appearance of tumors. Even tiny myomatous nodes identified during ultrasound should immediately become a therapeutic target. Waiting tactics will only worsen the situation and can lead to radical methods of surgical treatment - removal of the uterus and fallopian tubes.
During this period of life it is important to pay attention mental health women. The psychologist examines her condition using psychometric scales and special questionnaires. This will help avoid depression, increase self-esteem, and optimize your emotional state. If necessary, the specialist will prescribe sedatives. Medical and psychological measures and support from loved ones stabilize mental condition women after radical surgery on the genital organs.
Extirpation of the uterus and fallopian tubes - surgical removal of an organ, is today in second place in the frequency of all surgical interventions performed in gynecology. Often it is the only way out of the current situation. The five-year survival rate for all stages of uterine cancer is 94% (for stage 1) and 79% (for stage 2). With the help of early diagnosis of gynecological pathologies and a high-quality rehabilitation period, it is possible not only to preserve the health and life of the patient, but also to restore her fullness to the maximum extent possible.
Attention! The information on the site is presented by specialists, but is for informational purposes only and cannot be used for independent treatment. Be sure to consult your doctor!
vseoperacii.com
Postoperative period after hysterectomy
The postoperative period after removal of the uterus is an important stage in a woman’s treatment, which is fraught with a number of complications and therefore requires a careful and professional approach.
Naturally, when a hysterectomy is performed, the consequences depend on the type of operation and many factors. You can watch videos about how hysterectomy is performed on the official websites of specialized clinics. In general, when a high-quality hysterectomy is performed, the consequences and reviews give no reason to doubt the positive result. Even if a good clinic performs the most complex removal of the uterus for fibroids, the consequences and reviews allow us to make a very optimistic prognosis.
The essence of the emerging problem
Surgery removal of the uterus or hysterectomy is considered a fairly well-established and common method of surgical treatment for some serious pathologies threatening serious problems for women's health. World medicine statistics claim that almost 1/3 of all women after 40 years of age are forced to undergo such a procedure.
Any surgical intervention causes injuries of varying severity associated with damage to various vessels and tissues. After surgery to remove the uterus, characteristic damage also remains, and for complete tissue restoration it is necessary certain time. The duration and scheme of rehabilitation measures depends on individual characteristics the female body, the severity of the disease, the type of operation and the degree of surgical intervention, aggravating circumstances and postoperative complications.
In order for the uterus to be removed, what indications are necessary? The following reasons are highlighted:
- heavy and prolonged uterine bleeding;
- myomatous nodes;
- metroendometritis that cannot be treated;
- oncological diseases;
- endometriosis;
- uterine prolapse.
Depending on the severity of the pathology, following types operations:
Types of operations
- removal of the uterine body only (subtotal amputation);
- removal of the uterus and cervix (total estirpation);
- removal of the uterus with appendages and nearby lymph nodes (radical panhysterectomy).
The degree of traumatization depends not only on the type of operation, but also on the method of its implementation. The most radical is considered to be the abdominal technology associated with opening access by cutting the peritoneal wall. Another option is the vaginal method, where an incision is made in the vagina. Least dangerous way– removal of the uterus using the laparoscopic method, when a special laparoscope is used, which allows making a minimal incision. When a laparoscopic hysterectomy is performed, the consequences are less dangerous.
General principles of postoperative rehabilitation
The postoperative recovery period includes the entire time period from surgical intervention to full restoration of performance, including sex after hysterectomy. As with any surgical treatment, complete postoperative rehabilitation is divided into 2 stages: early and late stage.
The early stage of recovery is carried out in a hospital setting under the supervision of a doctor. The duration of this stage depends on what consequences after removal of the uterus occurred after surgery.
On average, with a successfully performed abdominal operation early period is about 9-12 days, after which the sutures are removed and the patient is discharged from the hospital. Laparoscopic intervention reduces the time of early rehabilitation to 3.5-4 days. The main tasks of the early stage: eliminating bleeding, pain and other symptoms, eliminating infection of the affected area and dysfunction of internal organs, ensuring primary tissue scarring.
The early stage of recovery is carried out in a hospital setting under the supervision of a doctor.
Late stage rehabilitation is carried out at home as prescribed and in consultation with a doctor. In the case of surgical intervention without complications, this stage lasts on average 28-32 days, and in case of a complex operation it is extended to 42-46 days. At this stage, complete tissue restoration, improvement general condition and strengthening the immune system, normalizing the psychological state, and fully restoring performance.
What measures are taken immediately after surgery?
During the first 24 hours after removal of the uterus, all measures must be taken to exclude the occurrence of complications, blood loss from internal bleeding, the occurrence of inflammatory processes, the penetration of infections and the elimination of painful symptoms. This period is the most important early stage rehabilitation.
The main activities include the following impacts:
- Anesthesia. After the operation, the woman feels natural pain in the lower abdomen, inside. Strong drugs are used for pain relief.
- Activation of organ functions. Measures are being taken to normalize blood circulation and stimulate the intestines. If necessary, Proserpine is administered by injection to activate intestinal functions.
- Providing diet. It is important to restore normal intestinal motility. The menu is dominated by broths, pureed foods, and drinks. If independent defecation occurs at the end of the first day, then the measures were carried out correctly.
Drug therapy immediately after surgery includes the following:
- antibiotics to exclude infection (course – 5-8 days);
- anticoagulants to prevent blood clots in blood vessels (administered over 2-3 days);
- infusion influence through intravenous drips to normalize blood circulation and restore blood volume.
Infusion influence through intravenous drips to normalize blood circulation
Main problems with early rehabilitation
At the first stage of rehabilitation after removal of the uterus, the following complications may occur:
- Inflammation of the site of tissue dissection. This phenomenon, when it occurs, is characterized by such signs as redness, swelling, and purulent exudate. Possible seam divergence.
- Disruption of the urinary process. Main manifestations: pain and pain when urinating. A complication usually occurs when the mucous membrane of the urinary canal is damaged during surgery.
- Internal and external bleeding. Their intensity depends on the correct performance of hemostasis during surgery. External blood discharge may be scarlet or dark red, brown tint, blood clots may escape.
- Pulmonary embolism. One of the very dangerous complications, which can cause a blood clot in the artery or its branches. The development of pathology can lead to pneumonia and pulmonary hypertension.
- Peritonitis. If there are violations during the surgical procedure, damage is possible that can cause an inflammatory reaction in the peritoneum. The danger of peritonitis is the rapid spread to other internal organs and the development of sepsis.
- Hematomas. In the area of scarring of damaged tissues, hematomas often occur associated with damage to small blood vessels.
- Pain syndrome. Often becomes the result of an adhesive process. For such pain, enzyme agents are administered: Trypsin, Chymotrypsin, Longidaza, Lidaza, Ronidaza.
- Fistula formation. This problem occurs when the sutures are of poor quality and infection occurs. Often it is necessary to perform additional surgery to remove the fistula.
An important early postoperative measure is to exclude infection during the first 1-3 days. The penetration of infection is indicated by an increase in temperature to 38.5 0C. To eliminate the risk of infection, antibiotics are administered and the suture area is treated with antiseptic. The first change of dressing and treatment of the wound is carried out the next day after exposure. Curiosin provides an antibacterial effect and accelerates the formation of scar tissue, so it is often used to treat sutures.
A support bandage helps weakened abdominal muscles in the postoperative period
Fighting peritonitis
When carrying out total and radical operations, especially in case of emergency, there is a high probability development of peritonitis. This pathology is expressed by the following obvious symptoms:
- a sharp deterioration in general health;
- temperature rise to 40.5 0C;
- intense pain;
- peritoneal irritation.
Treatment includes the active administration of several types of antibiotics. Saline solutions are introduced. If the effectiveness of therapy is low, a repeat operation is performed to remove the uterine stump, and the abdominal cavity is washed with antiseptic drugs with an installation drainage system.
What should be done during late rehabilitation
After discharge from the clinic, a woman should not stop restorative procedures. Late-stage rehabilitation helps the body fully recover after surgery. The following activities are recommended:
- Wearing a bandage. A supportive corset helps weakened abdominal muscles during the postoperative period. When choosing a bandage, you should adhere to the condition that its width exceeds the length of the wound scar by 12-15 mm from below and from above.
- Avoid lifting loads over 2.5 kg and limiting physical activity. Sexual contact should be avoided for 1.5-2 months after surgery.
- Gymnastic exercises and exercise therapy. Kegel exercises are recommended to strengthen the muscles of the vagina and pelvic floor using a special exercise machine called the perineal trainer. Serious sports activities are possible only after 2.5 months after surgery.
- Saunas, steam baths and hot baths are prohibited for the entire period of late rehabilitation. Swimming in open waters should be significantly limited.
- Organization proper nutrition. Gentle diet - important element recovery stage. Dietary measures should be taken to prevent constipation and flatulence. It is recommended to include fiber and liquids (vegetables, fruits, coarse bread) in the menu. Should be excluded alcoholic drinks and strong coffee. It is necessary to increase the intake of vitamins.
Dietary measures should be taken to prevent constipation and flatulence
What you should be prepared for
Removal of the uterus leads to a number of inevitable consequences, for which you should be psychologically prepared. As a rule, after such an operation, premature menopause occurs. Since most often when the uterus is removed, the appendages also suffer, incl. ovaries, then menopause occurs immediately after surgical treatment. This artificial menopause stops functioning menstrual cycle. However, you should not worry about your sexual performance. After removal of the uterus, sexual intercourse is allowed 2-3 months after the operation. Naturally, when the uterus is lost, reproductive abilities are also lost. Due to the removal of the cavity for fetal development, pregnancy is impossible.
Removal of the uterus is performed only when absolutely necessary, especially in women of reproductive age. The modern technology of such surgical treatment has been sufficiently developed, and numerous reviews indicate a positive prognosis for the complete recovery of the body after surgery. To do this, it is important to comply with everything necessary measures early and late rehabilitation.
antirodinka.ru
Life after removal of the uterus and ovaries: consequences and rehabilitation
Uterus and appendagesCarrying out such a serious gynecological operation as a hysterectomy has a significant impact on the health and hormonal balance of a woman, and in order to avoid the associated negative consequences, proper rehabilitation after removal of the uterus and ovaries is simply necessary. Hysterectomy is more often used to treat women over 40 years of age, since it leads to the loss of the opportunity to have children and is more difficult for younger patients to tolerate, both physically and psychologically.
Each woman makes her own decision whether to have surgery or not. But even in the case when we're talking about about saving a life, and surgical intervention is inevitable, its impact on the body can be minimized. Awareness of possible consequences, Attentive attitude Taking care of your health and following your doctor’s recommendations allows you to avoid many complications and continue to lead your previous lifestyle.
Postoperative period
Removal of the uterus and ovariesThe time from the operation to the restoration of normal well-being and ability to work is called the postoperative period. After a hysterectomy, during this period of time it is recommended:
- wear a compression bandage for at least two weeks after surgery;
- Avoid lifting weights weighing more than 3 kg;
- refrain from taking a bath (replace with a shower), sexual intercourse and intense physical activity for 6 weeks.
To ensure a speedy recovery after surgery, you should start motor activity. These can be simple gymnastic exercises, agreed with your doctor. It is also necessary to follow a diet: excluding from the diet sweets, smoked foods, flour products, alcoholic beverages and other foods that irritate the mucous membranes.
The impact of hysterectomy on later life
Life after removal of the uterus and ovaries inevitably undergoes a number of changes. They affect both physiological and psycho-emotional states.
The operation cannot but affect the psycho-emotional state of a woman
Consequences of the operation
Most often the operation is well toleratedIn most cases, after removal of the uterus and ovaries, patients do not experience any special health problems. But they are at increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis. It is also possible that you may experience discomfort during sexual intercourse and a decrease in desire.
In addition, women who have had a total hysterectomy often experience anxiety, irritability, fatigue, and signs of depression. Due to loss of reproductive function, a feeling may develop own inferiority and loss of attractiveness. In such a situation, a woman needs the help of a psychologist and, of course, the support of loved ones, because successful rehabilitation after removal of the uterus and ovaries largely depends on the emotional mood.
The main cause of the above conditions is a lack of hormones, and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) helps to successfully cope with the problems.
Possible complications
Adhesions are also a complication of hysterectomy.Most complications of this operation are related to its physiological consequences. In the postoperative period, the following may occur:
- pain caused by poor scar healing or the formation of adhesions;
- severe bleeding;
- vein thrombosis;
- inflammation of the postoperative suture.
In order not to miss the onset of the development of undesirable consequences of hysterectomy, you should carefully monitor your condition. Although in the first time after surgery (up to 2 months) spotting after removal of the uterus and ovaries is normal, a change in their color to a scarlet color and the appearance of severe abdominal pain are a very alarming symptom. This indicates bleeding and requires urgent medical attention. You should also be wary if the discharge has a sharp bad smell: This may be a sign of inflammation.
Another possible complication arises from the fact that during a total hysterectomy, the ligaments that support the organ are excised. This leads to displacement of the intestines and bladder, which may result in difficulties with bowel movements and urination. To solve and prevent this problem, women who have had the uterus and appendages removed are recommended to perform Kegel exercises to maintain the tone of the pelvic floor muscles.
It is necessary to keep yourself in good physical shape, within reason.
Restoring and maintaining health
Rehabilitation after hysterectomy should be comprehensive. To prevent unwanted consequences and improve a woman’s well-being, the following medication support is provided:
- mandatory HRT after removal of the uterus and ovaries, which helps prevent premature menopause;
- hypocholesterolemic drugs that reduce the risk of atherosclerosis;
- prescribing antihypertensive drugs if necessary.
The patient herself should also follow a number of recommendations:
- Begin sexual activity only after the period prescribed by the doctor has expired. Usually it is 6-8 weeks.
- Strengthen your pelvic muscles by doing Kegel exercises.
- Monitor indicators blood pressure and donate blood biochemistry.
- Be regularly examined by a gynecologist, especially if the operation was caused by cancer, since the risk of relapse in this case remains.
- Follow a diet to prevent weight gain excess weight. It is recommended to exclude fried and spicy foods, as well as flour products, from the diet, giving preference to fermented milk products, fruits and vegetables.
- Move more, maintain a good physical fitness, leading active image life and doing non-traumatic sports.
Although a hysterectomy is a major surgical procedure with consequences, it is sometimes a life-saving procedure. If you are scheduled for such an operation, do not despair and panic. Timely therapy, competent rehabilitation after removal of the uterus and ovaries and compliance with doctor’s instructions can minimize possible complications, and the quality of life only improves after eliminating the problem.
Here's how this operation can be performed (video):
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Recovery after hysterectomy
Hysterectomy, or removal of the uterus, is one of the most common gynecological procedures. Despite the fact that most specialists try to resort to this method of treatment only in extreme cases– the operation is quite common, especially among women 40-50 years old.
The main indications for hysterectomy surgery are:
- malignant tumors;
- prolapse, displacement or prolapse of internal organs;
- chronic pain;
- endometriosis;
- breakthrough bleeding;
- rapidly developing uterine fibroids.
Methods of performing the operation can be:
- open or abdominal - in which the uterus or other organs are removed through an incision on the surface of the abdomen;
- vaginal - in which resection and removal of the uterus is carried out through a cut in the vagina;
- laparoscopic - when resection and examination are carried out through small punctures on the surface of the abdomen, and the uterus is removed through the vagina or a small incision in the lower part of the peritoneum.
Rehabilitation
The overall recovery period from the surgery is approximately 1–2 months. In the early postoperative period, the main complaints of patients are: pain, difficulty urinating and bleeding. As a rule, after 1–2 days, acute symptoms subside, and the woman can gradually return to her usual way of life.
The recovery period and the presence of certain complications largely depend on the method by which the operation was performed.
Recovery after laparoscopy
This method of removing the uterus is considered the most gentle and requires only a few days to recover from it. Due to the absence of an extensive incision on the surface of the peritoneum, there are much fewer complications, the main of which is pain.
Pain during recovery is noted at the puncture sites and in the lower abdomen. In the first days, such pain intensifies significantly with every movement. During the recovery period, strong painkillers are prescribed to reduce pain. After discharge, these complications do not require any special therapy and go away on their own.
Often, during the recovery period after laparoscopic surgery, patients complain of nausea, weakness and bloating. All these signs can be a consequence of the use of anesthesia and also do not require treatment. To reduce flatulence and bloating on the first day after surgery, it is recommended to use simethicone-based products.
Sutures are removed after laparoscopy on days 10–14. Healing of small punctures occurs quite quickly and no complications are observed. For several months, small scars of a bright purple color are noted at the site of the sutures. There is also no need to worry about this, since after some time the puncture sites heal and become completely invisible.
Abdominal hysterectomy
Open abdominal surgery is the most complex method removal of the uterus, and the number of complications after it is quite high.
In the early period of recovery after the procedure, when the patient is being monitored in an inpatient setting, the main care tasks become:
- eliminate severe pain after open hysterectomy surgery;
- improve bowel function during recovery;
- provide the patient balanced diet with sufficient iron content;
- the incision site should be treated daily with special antibacterial solutions;
- together with painkillers, antibiotics and drugs for general strengthening body;
- preventing the formation of blood clots - for this, it is recommended to begin physical activity in the first postoperative days.
During the rehabilitation period, an integrated approach to restoring health is required. In addition to the mandatory drug treatment, the patient is advised to adhere to a special diet.
Diet after hysterectomy
In the first hours after the operation, eating is prohibited. Only drinking is allowed mineral water without gas in small quantities.
Starting from the second half of the day, meals should consist of easily digestible liquid foods, for example: broths, kefir and low-fat yogurt. It is not recommended to refuse food, since you need to improve your intestinal function as quickly as possible.
IN next days recovery after surgery to remove the uterus, the menu is allowed to include: low-fat varieties steamed meat and fish, rice, some vegetables.
In the future, you are allowed to gradually return to your usual diet, but you should remember that it is better to refuse fried, salty, fatty and smoked foods and replace them with healthy, fortified foods high in iron.
In what cases should you consult a doctor?
Despite the fact that the recovery period for each woman is different, and the severity and severity of complications is strictly individual, there are a number of signs that should be detected immediately by a specialist. These include:
- severe swelling, pain, redness or suppuration in the suture area;
- bleeding in the scar area;
- rise in body temperature above 38 degrees;
- dizziness, loss of consciousness;
- problems with urination (severe pain or complete cessation of urine output);
- the appearance of severe nausea and vomiting;
- severe abdominal pain that is not relieved by standard painkillers.
Physiotherapeutic treatment
Physiotherapeutic measures are prescribed in the late recovery period after removal and may include the following procedures:
- physiotherapy;
- therapeutic massage course;
- acupuncture;
- radon baths;
- balneotherapy.
Despite the fact that a hysterectomy is a fairly complex operation, disability after it is extremely rarely prescribed, and a woman, after a recovery period, usually has no disabilities.
Disability after surgery to remove the uterus can be assigned only if the treatment of malignant tumors is unsuccessful or if severe complications are detected that cannot be completely eliminated.
You can undergo an examination and receive a result on the assignment of disabled status in the hospital where the hysterectomy was performed.
Return to sexual activity
It is allowed to resume sexual activity no earlier than 2 months after recovery. Even if wellness patients and the absence of complications, return to sexual activity in more early dates Not recommended. This period of abstinence is necessary so that the internal stitches are healed and all existing wounds have time to heal.
According to experts, in terms of sensations, no significant changes the woman will not feel and will be able to fully enjoy sex life, as before.
Consequences of removal of the ovaries and uterus
Recovery after removal of the uterus and ovaries requires a longer period, since the operation itself causes a more significant blow to the woman’s body. This is due to the complete cessation of the production of female sex hormones.
Artificially induced menopause is most difficult for women of childbearing age to endure. In addition to standard complications after removal of the uterus and ovaries, they have to endure severe hormonal imbalances and psychological discomfort.
Often during the recovery period, patients begin to feel:
- strong fears;
- depression;
- hot flashes associated with menopause;
- deterioration of the skin, nails and hair;
- mental instability;
- deterioration of sleep.
This condition is also dangerous because when hormone production stops, the risk of developing osteoporosis and cardiovascular diseases increases significantly.
To prevent this kind of complications, the woman is prescribed hormonal replacement therapy. Antidepressants and tranquilizers prescribed by a specialist help relieve psychological discomfort during the recovery period.
ginekola.ru
2018 Blog about women's health.
Content
Some women require complete removal of the uterus as indicated by their doctor. Such surgical intervention is performed exclusively in rare cases when drug and physiotherapeutic treatment has not brought a positive result. The rehabilitation period lasts a long time, so patients are prescribed medications. Women also need to regularly do gymnastics and physical exercises that will help bring muscle tissue to normal condition. Before performing them, you should consult with your doctor, who will give all the necessary recommendations and advice. In most cases, after surgery and removal of the uterus, women face problems such as spontaneous urination and defecation. During surgical intervention the doctor excises the muscle layer that supports the body of the uterus. In this case, only Kegel gymnastics will help.
Features of hysterectomy
Surgeries to remove the uterus are carried out with resection of muscle tissue and numerous ligaments. The surgical procedure depends on the diagnosis.
Access is achieved by cutting the abdominal wall or several punctures. After surgery, the internal organs located in the pelvis may become displaced. As a result of such exposure, patients face the following problems:
- spontaneous urination;
- constipation;
- pain in the lower abdomen;
- discomfort during sexual intercourse.
In addition to these problems, patients may long time be in a depressed state. After removal of the uterus, adhesions often form, the vaginal stump and the bladder wall can grow together, so women experience spontaneous chronic urinary incontinence.
Ovariohysterectomy
During the operation, all internal organs of the small pelvis are removed - these are the ovaries, uterus, fallopian tubes, ligaments and surrounding muscles. The most common and widespread complications include a complete cessation of the production of female sex hormones. Such major changes in the body lead to the premature onset of menopause.
After spaying pathologies such as osteoporosis occur, heart rhythm is disturbed, and excessive dryness of the vaginal mucosa is noted, even with regular use of hormonal medications.
If you do not moisturize the walls of the vagina, they begin to become easily inflamed and cracks appear during physical activity, as well as sexual intercourse. Patients are diagnosed with a chronic form of irritation and excessive itching. In this case, it is necessary to regularly perform Kegel exercises, which will help to establish the correct secretory function epithelial tissues.
What are exercises for?
Perineal muscles help female body function normally. They are responsible for the functioning of the internal genital organs, gastrointestinal tract and bladder. It is for this reason that every woman should take care of the tone of the perineal muscles with the help of Kegel exercises. After surgery in the uterine cavity, patients need to regularly perform special exercises Kegel. They are helping:
- restore physical and psychological condition within a short period of time;
- increase the tone and level of elasticity of muscle tissue in order to avoid discomfort and pain during sexual intercourse;
- strengthen the muscles of the vaginal muscle tissue.
After a set of Kegel exercises women feel improved blood circulation, normalizes correct work bladder and gastrointestinal tract. Gymnastics prevents many inflammatory processes in the pelvic organs.
Kegel exercises
Start execution physical exercise Kegels are only needed after consultation with your doctor. After the operation, some time must pass for complete recovery and rehabilitation. Gymnastic exercises can be performed in different positions - lying on your back, sitting or standing. Before starting classes, experts advise completely emptying your bladder to achieve maximum results.
Kegel exercises consist of several main stages:
- periodic slow compression of the perineal muscles;
- gradual compression and relaxation after an equal period of time;
- pushing out;
- fast rhythmic contractions.
Every day you need to do one exercise. During exercise, intimate muscles tense, so they work better and perform their main functions. After holding and squeezing, you need to relax the muscles. All of these actions require consistency.
After the operation, when a woman has her uterus and ovaries removed, at least two months must pass. This applies to abdominal access to the uterine cavity. After removal of the uterus, Kegel exercises are performed only after consultation with the attending physician. If surgery was performed laparoscopically, the recovery period is at least two weeks.
Return to physical activity, even minor ones, must be done extremely carefully. Experts recommend carefully monitoring your condition and sensations. If women experience discomfort or pain when performing exercises after hysterectomy, they should stop exercising and consult their doctor. It is important to pay attention to the following symptoms:
- nagging pain in the lower abdomen;
- the appearance of copious amounts of vaginal discharge;
- discomfort in the pelvis;
- vaginal bleeding.
Indications for implementation
Often, after surgery to remove the uterus and appendages, women may encounter various problems. Ligaments are damaged and weakened, as well as the muscle tissue of the pelvic diaphragm, internal organs are displaced and the mucous membrane is not sufficiently moisturized. All these problems can be solved by systematically performing Kegel exercises.
The main indications include:
- prolonged and difficult wound healing after surgery;
- formation of adhesions;
- constipation;
- the appearance of hemorrhoids;
- blood clots;
- pain and discomfort during sexual intercourse;
- spontaneous urination and defecation.
If the patients are If you exercise regularly, your pelvic floor muscles will tighten and recover. By doing so, they elevate the bladder and rectum so they return to their original anatomical position.
Wounds begin to heal quickly, serious complications are prevented, scars and adhesions do not appear. After surgery to remove the uterus and pelvic organs, Kegel exercises help normalize blood circulation, so blood stagnation does not occur. They can cause varicose veins and bleeding after surgery.
Contraindications
Kegel exercises are distinguished by their specificity and technology, which must be strictly observed and adhere to all rules. At the first stage, patients need to learn proper breathing. If women strain their muscles too much during exercise, intra-abdominal pressure may occur.
Breathing should be smooth and measured. Kegel exercises are not performed when diagnosing any inflammatory processes, especially if the lesions are located in the urinary system. It is also worth giving up classes during periods of exacerbation of cardiovascular diseases and in the last stages of pelvic prolapse. After an operation to remove the body of the uterus and its appendages, it is necessary to undergo a period of rehabilitation in order to avoid serious complications.
How to do exercises correctly
After surgery During the first stage of intervention, patients should carefully monitor their condition.
On initial stage exercises are performed with extreme caution to prevent severe fatigue. Classes require systematic implementation, so it is strictly forbidden to miss even one session. Experts recommend exercising for a few minutes throughout the day.
If women do not have the skills to train the vaginal muscles, then you can try to find them by stopping urination. There are situations when muscle tissue is greatly weakened, so this action is given with great difficulty.
If you regularly perform exercises for two months, your muscles will regain their former elasticity and strength. Women will be able to independently control their bladder function.