Ways to characterize heroes in short stories. "Matteo Falcone" main characters
"Matteo Falcone" the main characters and their characteristics will help you understand the reasons for their actions.
"Matteo Falcone" main characters
Main characters:
- Matteo Falcone - head of families
- his son Fortunato,
- Giuseppa is Matteo's wife, a woman who is not very respected in Corsican families. Economical, obedient to her husband, pious. She sincerely feels sorry for her son, but cannot protect him from her husband.
- fugitive Giannetto Sanpiero,
- soldiers and Sergeant Theodore Gamba.
"Matteo Falcone" characteristics of the characters
- a typical Corsican, able to shoot accurately, determined, proud, brave, strong, observes the laws of hospitality and is ready to help anyone who asks for it. Matteo Falcone does not tolerate meanness and betrayal. He owned numerous herds, which were looked after by specially hired shepherds. In Corsica he was considered a good friend and a dangerous enemy.
“he lived honestly, that is, without doing anything, on the income from his numerous herds, which nomadic shepherds grazed in the mountains, driving from place to place.”
Some people consider Matteo Falcone a hero, others a murderer. For some, he is a man with enormous willpower, an iron character, who managed to kill even his own son in order to punish betrayal... And for others, he is a cruel killer who, in order to preserve his good name, killed his little son.
From the point of view of Christianity, from a universal human point of view, he is a murderer who has committed a grave sin. And from the point of view of the unwritten laws of the inhabitants of Corsica, their understanding of duty and honor, he is a hero who has committed justice. It takes a lot of willpower and strength of character to punish your own son. It is love for his son that pushes Falcone to murder. The strength of Matteo Falcone’s character is such that he overcomes the natural human instinct of preserving himself in children, the instinct of procreation. But at that time he could not do otherwise. The meaning of the hero's life is the honor of the family. According to Matteo, a person’s honor, the purity of the soul must be impeccable, without blemish.
Fortunato- ten-year-old son Matteo. The boy is smart, cunning, and careful. He helped a fugitive criminal, benefiting himself.
The boy behaves with the gendarmes who were looking for the criminal, confidently, calmly, tries to confuse them, is not afraid, even laughs. Fortunato is not afraid of either a bandit or a policeman, he behaves completely independently and freely with them: he is confident that no one will touch Matteo Falcone’s son. The boy's problem is different. He hid the bandit and promised him: “Don’t be afraid of anything.” And he himself handed the criminal over to the gendarmes for a silver watch. This boy’s act is immoral, vile, and base. Now he is a traitor and would remain so for the rest of his life.
Fortunato died at the hands of his own father. He paid with his life because of his selfishness and greed, which led him to betrayal. Sergeant Gamba was also involved in this, bribing the boy and provoking his act.
Why did Matteo Falcone kill his son?
Matteo Falcone did this because he did not want to raise a traitor in his house. A small traitor grows into a big one, he believed.
Someone who has already committed treason once cannot count on the respect of people, no matter how small he may be.
For Matteo, a good name and honor are more valuable than anything, even more valuable than his son. Matteo killed his son because local customs dictated that he do so, but no one has the right to decide when to die
Composition
Prosper Mérimée is one of the remarkable French critical realists of the 19th century, a brilliant playwright and master of artistic prose. Unlike his predecessors, Stendhal and Balzac, Mérimée did not become the ruler of the thoughts of entire generations: the impact he had on the spiritual life of France was less widespread and powerful. However, the aesthetic significance of his work is enormous. The works he created are extraordinary: the truth of life is so deeply embodied in them, their form is so perfect.
The theme of the people as the guardian of the vital energy of the nation, as the bearer of high ethical ideals, plays a significant role in Merimee’s work. He addresses people outside of society, representatives of the popular environment. In their minds, Merimee reveals those spiritual qualities dear to his heart, which, in his opinion, have already been lost by bourgeois circles: integrity of character, passion of nature, selflessness, inner independence.
The main character of the novel, Matteo Falcone, is exactly such a person. This image is presented in exceptional relief by the author. While portraying the noble, heroic features of his appearance, Merimee did not hide the negative, ugly sides of his consciousness, generated by the savagery, backwardness, and poverty that surrounded him, despite the fact that he was from a fairly wealthy family.
The background of the hero - a brave and dangerous man, famous for the extraordinary art of shooting with a gun, “faithful in friendship, dangerous in enmity”, creates a special moral atmosphere, in the light of which the unusualness of the main event should appear as a pattern of Corsican life.
At the beginning of the story there is a message that the author sees Matteo two years after the incident he is going to talk about. We learn that he was a youthful, energetic man, with an aquiline nose and large, lively eyes. This makes the epilogue unnecessary, allowing the reader, after reading the short story, to connect the “incident” with the subsequent life of the hero, to learn that the murder of his son, apparently, did not affect Matteo, did not deprive him of either energy or liveliness of character.
When reading the work, you can be amazed by one fact. When Matteo was informed that they had caught a robber - Gianneto Sampiero, who had committed many misdeeds and crimes (the Falcone family also suffered at his hands - he stole a milk goat), he finds an excuse for such an act, saying that he was hungry. Matteo even sympathizes with Janneto: “Poor guy!” However, he did not spare his son, he did not even want to listen to him. I even began to suspect whether it was his child. He also came up with an excuse for his son: “So this child is the first in our family to become a traitor.” Fortunato betrayed Corsican laws and violated the moral standards of the environment in which he lives.
Matteo decided to punish his son: he shot the boy, but before that he forced him to prepare his soul for death. Fortunato said prayers and “died a Christian.”
The sentence passed by Fortunato's father expressed a moral attitude towards the betrayal of the entire people.
Merimee, a short story writer, significantly deepened the depiction of the inner world of man in literature. The psychological analysis in the short stories is realistic. Mérimée's short stories are perhaps the most popular part of his literary heritage. Merimee's prose is one of the most brilliant pages in the history of French literature of the 19th century.
The realistic short story by P. Merimee had a number of interesting compositional and stylistic features. Merimee is a master of the psychological novel, his focus is on the inner world of a person, showing her internal struggle, evolution, or, conversely, degradation. The writer’s hero’s internal struggle has always been determined by the person’s clashes with society and the environment, and has shaped his character. The dramas of the main characters of the short stories (Saint-Clair, Julie, Arsene, etc.) were born from the confrontation with the surrounding reality. This led to an interesting feature of Merimee’s short story: the importance given to events that in one way or another determined the hero’s internal conflict.
A prose writer's short stories are usually very dramatic. Any of his works can be made into a drama. The event that the author places at the center of the story most often had the nature of a catastrophe - murder, suicide, blood feud, the death of the hero, a change in his entire life. Saint-Clair (the hero of "The Etruscan Vase") is killed in a duel, Carmen (the heroine of "Carmen") is killed by Don Jose. In the short story "Lokis" the count murders his young wife. In the short story "Mateo Falcone" there is a bloody murder of a son by a father.
This is a kind of technique of keeping silent about the most important and significant things described in the work. This default concealed the author's real emotion, a sense of horror, and his assessment of what happened. What is depicted in the short stories “Carmen”, “Lokis” or “The Etruscan Vase” has always deeply worried the reader. The author usually hid his own assessment of events, so as not to diminish the impression of readers. By abruptly switching attention to something else, something unrelated, he forced me to think better about what had happened. As a result, the event itself became more tangible for the reader.
The dynamism, drama and intensity of action in Merimee's short stories determined another unique feature. This is the paucity of description, especially description of nature. The novelist is very stingy in description, because the focus of his attention is always action, drama, and the growth of dramatic conflict. Description played only a minor role. In this regard, detail acquired special significance in Merimee’s works - a separate small touch that often replaced lengthy descriptions and characteristics.
Artistic features of Prosper Merimee's short stories:
The writer’s focus is on the inner world of a person, showing her inner struggle;
The event was determined by the hero's internal conflict;
A combination of psychologism and silencing techniques;
Dynamism, drama and tension of action;
- "stinginess" of descriptions of nature;
Use of artistic detail;
A hero with a strong character;
The image was revealed through one’s own actions and events, without the author’s assessment; - human character and psychology appeared as a result of certain conditions of existence; -elipsna (two-center) composition of the short story - a story within a story; - lengthy to exotic descriptions;
Introduction of the narrator, who was the second self of the author himself; -motives for murder, duel, torture, temptation, jealousy.
Prosper Merimee has repeatedly said that the key to a writer’s success was the ability to choose one, extraordinary one from the entire set of phenomena of existence. Novella "Mateo Falcone"- the first of the published short stories, which was a reproduction of such an extraordinary “find”.
Mateo Falcone's house was located near the maquis (part of the forest was burned to make way for a field). He was a rich man because he lived from the profits from the flocks of sheep that nomadic shepherds drove from place to place. He was no more than 50 years old. He skillfully wielded weapons, was a good comrade, and a dangerous enemy. He was married to a woman, Giuseppe, who first bore him 3 daughters and, finally, a son, to whom he gave the name Fortunato, the hope of the family and the successor of the family. The daughters got married successfully, and the son was only 10 years old.
One morning Mateo and his wife went to look at their herds. Fortunato, who wanted to go with them, was left to guard the house.
The guy was lying in the sun when he heard shots. He saw a man in rags, with a beard, barely moving because he was wounded in the thigh. It was the robber Gianetto Sanpiero. He asked Fortunato to hide it. The guy asked if he would give something in return? The bandit pulled out a five franc coin. Fortunato hid it in a pile of hay. A few minutes later, six shooters appeared, led by the baby’s relative, Teodoro Gamba. He asked the guy, he hadn't seen Jeanette. The guy didn't say what he saw, and that irritated the shooters. They even searched Mateo's house but found no one. Then Gamba showed the guy a silver watch and said that if he showed where the bandit was, he would give him the watch. The guy began to hesitate, his eyes lit up, and then pointed to the hay. The archers began to dig up the haystack, and Fortunato received an hour. The bandit was tied up, but then Mateo and his wife appeared on the road, they were returning home. Gamba told them about how they detained the bandit, about what his son had done. Mateo looked at the bandit, who called his house "the house of traitors."
The image of the hero of the short story by Mateo Falcone became the beginning of the writer’s long thoughts about the nature of the human personality, combining seemingly incompatible things. Few but truthful features depict the portrait and character of Mateo - a straightforward, courageous man who was not used to hesitating in doing what he considered his duty. He embodied a certain Corsican ideal of honor, where betrayal is the most deadly offense: “Only a man doomed to death could dare to call Mateo a traitor. He would immediately avenge such an insult with a blow of a dagger, and the blow would not have to be repeated.” It was the fact that his son, the “continuator of the family,” on whom Mateo pinned all his hopes, became the first traitor in their family, and led to a terrible act.
Mateo could not forgive the betrayal. And here Falcone is strong and true to himself. The murder of his only son did not happen in a state of passion, but sternly, calmly, with conviction: “Fortunato made a desperate effort to get up and fall to his feet, but did not have time. Mateo fired and Fortunato fell dead. Without even looking at the body, Mateo again moved along the path into the house “to take a shovel.” This majestic peace struck the reader even more. the author, this is his position.
Features of the short story "Mateo Falcone":
o focusing on exceptional highlights;
o heroes have a strong character;
o use of artistic detail;
o An unexpected ending provides a new rhythm to the entire action.
The image of Mateo did not complete Merimee's artistic quest. These searches continued and found expression in another unsurpassed short story by P. Merimee - “Federico”. The plot is very simple and interesting. Once upon a time there lived a young nobleman, Federico, handsome, slender, he loved the game, wine and women, especially the game. The hero never confessed. One day, Federico won against 12 young men from wealthy families, but quickly lost his winnings, and he was left with only one castle on the Caucasian slopes. There he lived alone for 3 years: he hunted during the day and gambled in the evening.
One day, Jesus Christ and the 12 apostles asked to stay with him for the night. Federico accepted them, but apologized and did not hide them properly. He ordered the tenant to slaughter the last goat and roast it.
This is a fantastic novella, which is built on a fairy-tale folklore basis, and reflects Merimee’s desire to seek the meaning of life outside of bourgeois everyday life. Picturesque, with a characteristic speed of action, the short story was perceived as a folk fairy tale, as a living conversational form.
The writer's journey to a heroic beginning, strong characters are palpable in the novella "Tamango" where the author criticized such a shameful phenomenon as the slave trade, and spoke out against slavery in general. However, the main theme of the work is not the exposure of the slave trade, but the revelation of the character of Tamango.
This image reflected Merimee's further reflections on human nature, and especially the conflict of high, heroic and base principles. The good and evil qualities of the hero are hidden here, but clearly exposed. He is power-hungry, cruel, ferocious and despotic. Tamango traded with his fellow tribesmen. But he also has significant human traits, which turned out to be in the hero’s irresistible desire for freedom, his pride and endurance, which he showed during the trials.
The ignorant mind of the savage turned out to be capable of quick and correct decisions, of subtle calculations, when Tamango started a riot on the ship. The evil savage usually did not drown out the real feeling of love in him when, forgetting about caution, he overtakes the ship that was taking his wife, or when, almost dying in a boat from hunger, he shared his last cracker with a woman. So, in the wildness of Tamango there is a certain sinister energy, courage, love of freedom, dexterity and even self-denial.
Merimee showed his heroes in such life clashes when they had to decide for themselves a question of enormous importance - either to save life, disregarding conscience, honor, personal moral principles, or to remain true to these principles but die. The heroic principle in the strong characters that attracted the writer consisted precisely in the fact that victory remained with moral principles.
Questions for self-control
1. Reveal the genre diversity and main themes of the works of realist writers.
2. Thanks to what creative discoveries did P. Merimee become a classic of French realism?
3. In what areas is P. Merimee’s connection with Ukraine revealed?
4. Why is P. Merimee called the master of the psychological novel? What is his skill?
Literature lesson in 8th gradeNovella by Prosper Merimee
"Matteo Falcone" (1829).
Lesson objectives: develop the concept of a hero; give the concept of heroic character in literature; develop the concept of genre; challenge students to think independently about life, teach them to analyze texts, cultivate kindness and honor.
Methodological techniques: teacher’s story, conversation on issues; text analysis.
Equipment: books by P. Merimee, illustrations “Taras kills Andriy’s son”, exhibition of books (“Pardon”, “Black Waters” by M. Karim, “Taras Bulba” by N.V. Gogol, “I See the Sun” by N. Dumbadze, “ Shot" by A.S. Pushkin), world map, explanatory dictionary, cards with new words..
^ Progress of the lesson.
Class organization.
Hello! I am glad to welcome you and the guests of the lesson.
II. Introduction.
Today we have an extracurricular reading lesson. Today we will talk about Prosper Merime’s short story “Matteo Falcone”.
During the lesson we will need to rely on knowledge about literary trends - romanticism, realism, local color, character.
What is literary character? What is important for revealing a person’s character?
^III. The teacher's word about the writer's work.
Prosper Mérimée (1803-1870) is one of the remarkable French writers of the 19th century. He owns works of various genres - plays, historical novels, but the short stories of the 1820-1840s brought the writer the greatest fame.
A short story is a short epic work, comparable to a short story and characterized by a sharp, fast-paced plot and lack of descriptiveness. The focus of a short story is usually an incident that influences the hero’s life and reveals his character.
Merimee's heroes are always extraordinary people, with an exceptional destiny. Suffice it to remember Carmen - the name of this heroine is known throughout the world. Bizet's famous opera is based on Mérimée's novella.
^ Individual work.
Vilnar, please write briefly about the short story “Carmen”.
A student's story (Vilnar).
Merimee was a passionate propagandist of Russian culture, studied Russian history of the 17th and 18th centuries, and translated the works of Pushkin, Gogol, and Turgenev.
The short story “Matteo Falcone” was written in 1829 and then translated into Russian. One of the translators was N.V. Gogol. It will be interesting to compare Gogol’s story “Taras Bulba” with the short story “Matteo Falcone”.
Merimee was an excellent psychologist. He based his short stories on the clash of characters in special, unusual situations. Each of Merimee's heroes acts in accordance with the conditions in which he is placed. The writer is concerned about human behavior in extraordinary circumstances, problems of duty, conscience, and devotion to ideals.
^ IV. Vocabulary work.
Let's determine the meanings of the words that will be needed in the lesson.
What does the word "Corsica" mean? (an island in the Mediterranean Sea, owned by France, the birthplace of Napoleon Bonaparte, whom Mérimée treated with great respect). (show on map)
Poppies - forest thickets, thickets.
Voltigeurs - (student reading from a textbook) a detachment of riflemen, for some time now recruited by the government so that, along with the gendarmes, they help the police.
A stiletto is a small dagger with a thin triangular blade.
Fortuna -) in ancient Greek mythology: the goddess of fate, happiness, luck, depicted on a container or wheel (a symbol of the variability of happiness) with a blindfold and a horn. (you must not rely on luck, but have firm foundations)
Working with an explanatory dictionary.
Traitor - one who betrayed treacherously handed over to someone
Honor -
^ V. Conversation based on the novella.
Guys, did you like the story?
What is he talking about? (i.e. the topic is the punishment of the son for betrayal).
How did you punish? (killed)
Today in class we must answer the question: “^So who is he, Matteo Falcone, a hero or a murderer?”
Where and when do the events of the novel take place? (the story takes place at the beginning of the 19th century on the island of Corsica. Impenetrable forest thickets, semi-civilized population, primitive life, harsh and simple morals - this is the place where events unfold.) (reading the description of the house, - P. 386. textbook).
What is this choice of location called in literature? (“local color”, it is characteristic of a number of “exotic” short stories by P. Merimee).
-- ^Why does he use “local color”? (“local color” plays a completely realistic role, helps to understand the characters of the heroes, their psychology, to convey the atmosphere of the time in which human behavior will be formed, i.e. the hero’s behavior depends on external circumstances, on the same “local color”).
-- ^What form does Merimee choose when describing the scene? (Merimee chooses the form of a direct conversation with the reader, as if explaining to him the route “If you go northwest from Porto-Vecchio into the interior of the island, the area will begin to rise quite steeply, and after three hours of walking along winding paths, cluttered with large clouds of rocks and some -where, crossed by ravines, you will come out to vast thickets of poppies.” Merimee calls these impenetrable thickets of the young forest “the homeland of Corsican shepherds and everyone who is at odds with justice.” So the writer gives the reader a sign: we will talk about those “who are at odds with justice.” with justice." Along the way, we learn that farmers do not bother fertilizing the soil, but follow this path: they burn the forest, and the soil turns out to be fertilized with the ash of the burned trees.)
—^ How does the writer talk about local customs? (Laconically, sparingly, as if he was simply stating the facts.)
What examples can you give (Description of the house by M. Falcone
(p.386), “If necessary, the father could count on the daggers and carbines of his sons-in-law” p.382, “What he thought when he saw the soldiers “Few Corsicans, having rummaged well in their memory, will not remember some sin like a gun shot, a blow with a stiletto or other trifles of the same kind...” p.389.)
Merimee uses an appeal to the reader: “If you killed a person, run to the poppies...”).
What does it mean? (he does not call on the reader to kill. Merimee needs this ironic form so that the reader understands: the Corsican has no other option in such circumstances, the matter is common in Corsica, it is the way it is in this area. The most interesting thing is that Merimee, in such detail. With knowledge of the matter while describing Corsica, he was not there. From the note we learn that the writer first came to Corsica only 10 years after writing the novel.).
What do locals value in life? What laws do they live by? (p. 381, reading), (“if you killed a person, run to the maquis; from the point of view of the inhabitants of the maquis, murder is not a sin, but a violation of the eternal laws of justice and duty. Corsicans place the duty of honor above all else”).
—^ What can you say about the main character – Matteo Falcon? (“Matteo Falcone was quite a rich man”, “he lived honestly” (though Merimee immediately adds: “that is, without doing anything”); “the accuracy with which he fired a gun was extraordinary even for this region”; “he was considered as good a friend as a dangerous enemy”; “only a man doomed to death could dare to call Falcone a traitor.”)
What role does portraiture play? (The portrait characterizes Matteo Falcone as a courageous, intelligent man. Tempered by life’s difficulties, close to nature, “natural.” He was “short in stature, but strong, with curly jet-black hair, an aquiline nose, thin lips, large lively eyes and a face the color of untreated leather." This is a description of the romantic hero. Matteo Falcone is in every respect a true Corsican. He is a straightforward, courageous man, not accustomed to hesitation in the performance of duty.)
What event underlies the plot of the story? (Killing of a son by a father for betrayal).
How do you feel about the boy's action? (Fortunatto’s act - vile and base, a traitor - at first agreed to hide the wounded man for a silver coin, but then, flattered by the sergeant’s silver watch, he betrayed his guest to his pursuers. Others believe that Fortunatto was still too young and did not understand what he had done.
Let's turn to the text. Fortunato behaved confidently with Sergeant Gamba and was proud that his father was a respected man: “My father is Matteo Falcone!” But when Gamba took out the silver watch, “little Fortunatto’s eyes lit up.” “Fortunatto’s face clearly reflected the struggle that had flared up in his soul between the passionate desire to receive a watch and the duty of hospitality.” Fortunato could not resist the temptation.)
Who was Janetto's relationship with the boy? (guest).
How do Bashkirs treat guests?
What mistake did Fortunato make? (He violated the custom of warmly welcoming a guest, especially a wounded one. Indeed, in all times and among all peoples, handing over to the authorities a wounded, unarmed person who asked the owner of the house for shelter is regarded as a betrayal. For example, in Siberia they used to specially leave food for fugitives overnight).
Why did the father kill his son? Did he have the right to do this? How did his wife react to Matteo Falcone’s action? (Matteo Falcone did this because he did not want to raise a traitor in his family. A small traitor grows into a big one. He believed. Someone who has already committed betrayal once cannot count on the respect of people, no matter how small he is. For Matteo Falconet's good name and honor are dearer than anything, dearer than his son. Matteo committed this murder because local customs dictated it to him. The exceptional situation of filicide in Merimee's depiction appears as a natural, natural manifestation of Matteo's strong and integral nature, the entire way of Corsican life. Giuseppa, Matteo’s wife, does not try to justify her traitor son. She cries and prays, but not a word of protest escapes her. She only tried to appeal to her husband’s paternal feelings: “After all, this is your son, even in his maternal grief!” she does what she and her husband consider to be the dictates of duty.)
Why did the father punish his son so cruelly? (This is a logical, natural manifestation of the strong and integral nature of the Corsican, the entire way of Corsican life).
^VI. Comparison of two scenes: the execution of Andriy (N.V. Gogol. “Taras Bulba”) and the finale of “Matteo Falcone”.
What work can this scene be compared to? (Illustration – Taras and Andrey).
Why did Taras kill his son? (For betraying the Fatherland, faith, Cossacks).
Why do the heroes of these works decide to do such a terrible act?
Is it dictated by the logic of revealing artistic character? (In both works, fathers kill their sons. Taras Bulba executed his son, who betrayed the Fatherland, the faith. Cossacks. Matteo Fortunatto’s son also does not live according to human, not Christian laws: he betrayed his guest to a representative of the authorities. To wash away the shame from the family, Matteo takes away Fortunatto is in maki, but does not immediately kill him, but first orders him to pray that Fortunatto would die a Christian. Taras Bulba had even more compelling reasons for killing his son. Fortunato betrayed one man, a bandit who also threatened him. Cossacks, betrayed his faith, betrayed his homeland. But betrayal is betrayal, and its heroes judge it according to their own laws.)
^VII. Lesson summary.
Who is to blame for Fortunato's death? (Fortunatto died at the hands of his own father. He paid with his life because of his selfishness and greed, which led him to betrayal. Sergeant Gamba, who bribed the boy and provoked his act, was also involved in this. According to critics, “ the morality of betrayal, bribery, deceit, perfidy, which crushed in its own way the stable moral world of the “uncivilized” peoples and heroes of Merimee.")
Who is he, Matteo Falcone a hero or a murderer? (In the figure of Matteo Falcone, a conflict between the heroic and treacherous principles of life is revealed. It turns out that Matteo is both a hero and a murderer. From the point of view of Christianity, from a universal human point of view, he is a murderer who has committed a grave sin. And from the point of view of the unwritten laws of the inhabitants of Corsica, understanding them of duty and honor, he is a hero who has committed justice. It takes great strength of will and strength of character to punish his own son with such a harsh punishment. It is the love for his son that pushes Falcone to kill. The strength of Matteo Falcone’s character is such that he overcomes the natural human instinct of preservation. yourself in children, the instinct of procreation.)
VIII. Generalization.
So, we are convinced that in order to understand the character of literary heroes, we must take into account the time and the circumstances in which he is placed.
We must also take into account that monetary relations are beginning to penetrate into the wild poppies, morals are changing. This is already realism.
But despite the easing of laws, humanism, and today it is important to maintain a sense of duty, honor, and today they treat betrayal with contempt. What work have we studied that addresses this same issue? (“The Captain’s Daughter,” who advises “Take care of your honor from a young age.”) It contains the idea of high morality, honor, loyalty, duty, oath, human dignity, which a person must bring through any trials. This proverb, which has come down to us from time immemorial, has been and remains an excellent parting word for every young man. Because there are concepts that are the most important in all ages, there are prohibitions that “must not be violated.”
^ Reading a poem by Alexander Yashin.
Remember the proverbs on this topic? (The child’s fault is the parents’ fault. Death is better than dishonor.)
What other works touch on this topic? (“Asә hokөmө”, in the epic “Ural” Shulgan, who violated the prohibition of his parents, died ingloriously; there is a curse song where Tevkelev, who betrayed his people, is cursed, “Black Waters” by M. Karim, M. Gorky “Mother and Son”, Eid al-Adha i.e. this theme of punishment by a father of his son is typical in literature.)
Today we have seen how important it is to take into account time and circumstances to understand the character of a literary hero.
Neither one nor the other. Matteo commits an act that was dictated to him by local customs, his own understanding of human dignity.
One great man said,
that the most important thing is not to condemn or justify, but to understand
why did the person do this?
Perhaps we should understand Matteo’s action and travel back to those distant times.
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