Security guard composition. Motorized rifle (tank) platoon in guard duty
1. Introduction. 3
1. Introduction.
Modern combined arms combat is conducted by the combined efforts of all troops participating in it. It is characterized by decisiveness, intensity, transience and dynamism of combat operations, their ground-air nature, simultaneous powerful fire impact at great depths, the use of various methods of performing combat missions and rapid transitions from one type of action to another. During combat operations, units and subunits constantly change their location. To prevent a surprise attack by the enemy on units located on site, to prevent reconnaissance from penetrating into the location area, as well as to ensure favorable conditions for deployment and engagement or maneuver, guard security is organized.
2. Organization of security guards.
2.1. Organization of guard protection of the area on site and the halt area.
Troops, when stationed on the spot, are protected directly, and in the event of a threat of enemy attack, by outposts set up by regiments (battalions) at their designated lines and in stripes (positions). The guard should be all-round and intercept all main roads and approaches to the location area.
Guard protection of the battalion is carried out by guard posts as part of a squad (tank), which are placed, if necessary, in threatened directions at a distance of up to 1500 meters, on hidden approaches - by secret posts consisting of 2-3 people, placed at a distance of up to 400 meters from the area where the battalion is located, and in boundaries of the location area - direct security, including paired patrols and constant duty of observers at the battalion command and observation post. In addition, the battalion is assigned a duty unit, usually within a platoon. It is located in the place indicated by the battalion commander and is in constant readiness to destroy enemy sabotage and reconnaissance groups and carry out other suddenly emerging combat missions, as well as to extinguish fires in and near the location area. The company organizes direct security, carried out by patrolmen who serve by walking around the area where the company is located, and by constant duty of observers at the company command and observation post. In addition, a daily patrol is assigned to protect personnel, weapons and equipment.
Guard protection is usually carried out by guard detachments as part of a reinforced company and by outposts as part of a reinforced platoon. Sometimes a battalion may be assigned to an important direction in a guard detachment from a division; in this case, a reinforced company may be assigned to an outpost from a guard detachment.
The guard detachment (outpost) is given a line of defense and a security and reconnaissance zone. The security line along the front can reach: for a battalion - 10 km, for a company - 5 km, for a platoon - 2 km.
The distance of the outpost from the protected units (subunits) should ensure their maneuver, organized entry into battle and, depending on the composition of the outpost, can be 5-15 km.
A battalion (company) assigned to a guard detachment occupies and prepares for defense the line assigned to it, covering the most important directions with outposts. The line occupied by the guard detachment (outpost) must be convenient for defense, provide good visibility towards the enemy and be equipped in engineering terms.
In the security zone, the guard detachment (outpost) prepares the main positions, and, if there is time, reserve positions. The gaps between outposts and tank-dangerous areas must be under constant surveillance and covered by artillery fire and other fire weapons. At the direction of the commander of the guard detachment, patrols are organized between the outposts, guard posts can be sent forward and to the sides of the outposts, and secrets can be sent to hidden approaches.
The reserve of the battalion (company) commander is located in the depths of the defense in readiness to maneuver in a threatened direction.
To conduct reconnaissance in front and on the flanks, the battalion (company) commander organizes observation and sends out reconnaissance patrols and patrol squads (tanks).
2.2. The tasks of the battalion (company) commander assigned to guard duty.
The commander of a battalion (company) assigned to guard duty, having received a task, understands it, assesses the situation, makes a decision based on the map, communicates the tasks to his subordinates, secretly withdraws the battalion (company) to the area near the specified line, organizes observation and security, conducts reconnaissance, clarifies the decision, gives a combat order and organizes the occupation of the specified line.
When setting tasks, the battalion (company) commander indicates in the combat order:
· Sentry outposts - means of reinforcement, security zone, positions and extent of their engineering equipment, where to set up guard posts, patrols and secrets, the line to which to conduct reconnaissance, and the procedure for repelling an enemy attack;
· Reserve – area of location, what actions to be prepared for;
· Artillery units - firing positions and tasks to support the battle of outposts;
· For an anti-aircraft unit - starting (firing) positions, mission, time and degree of readiness, and for motorized rifle (tank) units - the order of firing at enemy air targets.
After issuing a combat order, the battalion (company) commander organizes interaction, gives instructions on comprehensive combat support and protection from high-precision weapons, determines the procedure for maintaining communications with units, and also provides feedback to the commanders of outposts and units assigned to conduct reconnaissance.
The tasks of the outposts assigned to reinforcement means, as well as the locations of observation posts (observers), designation posts (points) are clarified directly on the ground during reconnaissance.
3. List of used literature.
1. “Combat regulations of the Ground Forces, part II” M. 1990.
2. “Combat regulations of the Ground Forces, part III” M. 1991.
When positioned on site, a motorized rifle (tank) platoon can be assigned to guard duty with the task of preventing enemy reconnaissance from penetrating the guarded units, promptly detecting the appearance of a ground enemy, warning the guarded troops about it, and, in the event of an enemy attack, stubbornly defending the position. Security guard organs, their composition and removal are given in Table 4.
Table 4. Security guards
A platoon assigned to guard duty constitutes a guard outpost, which defines a security zone up to 2 km wide. In this zone, the outpost occupies a position convenient for defense and equips it with a main position, and, if there is time, a reserve position, from which the entire security zone is covered with fire.
The platoon usually acts as an outpost detached from the battalion.
The distance of the guard security organs from the main forces must correspond to its capabilities to hold the specified line and the time necessary for the main forces for the organized advance, deployment and entry into battle
In order to timely detect an advancing enemy, especially from hidden approaches, surveillance is organized at the position of each squad (tank) at the direction of the outpost commander. A guard post can be set up in the most likely direction of enemy action.
To inspect the area between the positions of squads (tanks) and on open flanks, paired patrols are sent, and secrets are set up and signal mines are installed on hidden approaches, including during the day, for timely detection of the enemy. Their number depends on the presence of closed areas of the terrain, allowing the enemy to concentrate, carry out covert maneuvers and suddenly attack or bypass the outpost position. Depending on this, 1-2 secrets, and sometimes more, each consisting of 2-3 military personnel, can be deployed in the security zone of each outpost. When setting a secret, the platoon commander indicates the composition, task, location, order of duty, maintaining communications and pass. The secret secretly occupies and equips the specified place and conducts continuous surveillance of the enemy and the area. The senior secret officer establishes the observation procedure, maintains constant combat readiness and communication with the commander.
The secret serves during the day and night, secretly, without revealing itself in any way, does not detain anyone or interrogate anyone. The senior secret officer immediately reports the appearance of single soldiers and enemy groups. At the end of the established period of service or at the command (signal) of the commander, the secret personnel return to the outpost.
If there are significant gaps between the outposts and the positions of the squads and open flanks, patrols are sent out.
The commander of the outpost indicates to them the route of movement, tasks, the order of duty and maintaining communications, actions when an enemy is detected, as well as the order of shifts and passes.
The work procedure of a platoon commander assigned to an outpost depends on the distance and nature of the enemy's actions. Due to the fact that the guard usually occupies the specified line (position) out of contact with the ground enemy, the sequence of work of the platoon commander in organizing the battle is in many ways similar to the work when transitioning to defense out of contact with the enemy
The commander of a motorized rifle (tank) platoon allocated to an outpost, having received a task, at the appointed time leads the platoon to the specified line, organizes observation, conducts reconnaissance, gives combat orders, organizes the fire system, interaction, control and engineering equipment of the position.
When assigning tasks to squads (tanks), the platoon commander indicates in a combat order:
- commander of a motorized rifle platoon - tasks for the squads, their positions, lines of fire and additional sectors of fire, main and reserve firing positions of infantry fighting vehicles (armored personnel carriers), main and additional sectors of fire from each position;
- tank platoon commander - tasks for tanks, their main and reserve firing positions, main and additional sectors of fire from each position.
In addition, the platoon commander in the combat order determines the time for occupying the position, the readiness of the fire system, the sequence and timing of the engineering equipment of the positions.
When organizing interaction, the platoon commander indicates: the order of duty (the number of fire weapons on duty and observers, the order of duty and rest, the order of passage through the position, what to pay special attention to); procedure for action in the event of an enemy attack; warning, control and interaction signals, the procedure for acting on them and skipping them.
PROCEDURE AND CONTENT OF THE WORK OF A PLATOON COMMANDER AT A GUARD OUTPUT (option)
Tactical situation (diagram 15)
The enemy, having broken through the defenses of our troops 120 km west. Zyuzino, successfully develops an offensive to the east. direction. The exit of his advanced units to the Zyuzino-Golubevo line is possible in 8-10 hours. His aviation in groups of 2-6 aircraft carries out bombing attacks on the reserves and rear facilities of our troops. During combat operations, he widely uses high-precision weapons.
1 MSB, having completed a 200-km march, by 21.00 10.5 concentrated in the area of the crossroads, Zyuzino, the Malaya grove, where it carries out activities to maintain military equipment and weapons, replenish ammunition and other material resources.
At 23.30, the battalion commander called the commander of the 2nd MSV and assigned him a combat mission, from which it became known: the enemy was conducting active offensive operations in the east. direction 120 km west. Zyuzino; exit of its forward units to the location area is possible in 8-10 hours, actions of sabotage and reconnaissance groups - at any time
The 1st MSB was located in the area of the crossroads of roads, Zyuzino, Golubevo, and the Malaya grove in readiness to solve sudden problems according to the plan of the senior commander. On the right in the “Nizkiy” forest there are 2 SMEs, on the left in the “Berezovy” forest there are 3 SMEs.
2 msv with a state outpost, has the task of guarding the battalion in the zone: on the right - (claim) Botovo, ruins, on the left - (claim) grove, corner of the forest, to prevent enemy reconnaissance from penetrating to the battalion's location, to timely detect its appearance and warn the guarded unit, in the event of an enemy attack, stubbornly defend the position (claim) Botovo, (claim) grove until the main forces of the battalion approach. Implement engineering equipment within the scope of the first stage tasks.
Place patrol pairs on the flanks and in the spaces between squad positions, near the bridge across the river. Seimas is a secret. Reconnaissance is carried out by observation. Capture small groups of the enemy, if it is impossible to destroy them with the fire of allocated fire weapons
With the approach of superior enemy forces to the river. Seym to engage in fire combat, firmly holding the position until the main forces of the battalion arrived. Ammunition consumption for completing a task for small arms is 0.5 bq, fuel consumption is 0.3 bq.
Take guard position by 24.00. Readiness of the fire system - 1.00, engineering equipment of the position - 6.00 11.5.
KNP 1 MSB - at the intersection of forest roads.
Having received a combat mission, the platoon commander calls his subordinate commanders and, after briefly informing them about the received mission, gives the necessary instructions for collecting personnel, boards infantry fighting vehicles (armored personnel carriers) and moves the platoon to the specified line.
Upon arrival at the place of security organization, he secretly deploys a platoon, organizes observation, after which he conducts reconnaissance with subordinate commanders, during which he makes (clarifies) a decision and gives a combat order.
Combat order from the commander of the outpost
The enemy's appearance in the direction of Ivanovo and Zyuzino is expected in 8-10 hours, the actions of his reconnaissance and sabotage and reconnaissance groups - at any time. 1st MSB is located in the area of the crossroads of roads, Zyuzino, and the Malaya grove in readiness to solve sudden problems according to the plan of senior commanders.
The 2nd MSV from the 1st was assigned to an outpost with the task of guarding the strip: on the right - (claim) Botovo, ruins, on the left - (claim) grove, corner of the forest, to prevent the enemy from penetrating the battalion’s location, to timely detect his appearance and warn the guarded battalion, in In the event of an enemy attack, stubbornly defend the position (claim) Botovo, (claim) grove until the main forces of the battalion approach.
On the right, 2 km away, occupies the guard position of the 1st MSB - outpost of the 2nd MSB; on the left there are no neighbors.
1 MSO s th defend the position at the line pit -2, pillar, prevent the enemy from penetrating through the position, timely detect the appearance of his main forces, in the event of an attack, use stubborn defense to prevent his breakthrough in the direction of the village, high. from elevation 113.4. Fire lane: on the right - pit -2, barn; on the left is a pillar, a bend in the river. An additional sector of fire is to the left in the direction of the ford. The main firing position of the infantry fighting vehicle is on the right near the stump, the main sector of fire is a barn, a farm; additional - to the left in the direction of the bridge. The reserve firing position is in the bushes. The main sector of fire is the bridge, the bend of the river; additional - to the left in the direction of the department. tree.
2 mso defend the position (claim) Botovo, mound, prevent the enemy from penetrating through the position, timely detect the appearance of his main forces, in the event of an attack, use stubborn defense to prevent his breakthrough in the direction of the barn, grove "Low". Line of fire: on the right - (claim) Botovo, ruins; on the left is a mound, a farm. An additional sector of fire is to the right in the direction of the corner of the forest. The main firing position of the BMP is at the hillock. The main sector of fire was a destroyed house and barn; additional - to the right in the direction of the house with the pipe. The reserve firing position is on the right flank of the squad. The main sector of fire was two birch trees, a house with a chimney; additional - to the right in the direction of the forest.
3 mso defend the position of a crossroads, (lawsuit) grove, prevent the enemy from penetrating through the position, timely detect the appearance of his main forces, in the event of an attack, prevent his breakthrough in the direction of the ford, Golubevo with stubborn defense. Line of fire: on the right - road intersection, bridge; on the left - (claim) grove, ledge of the forest. An additional sector of fire is to the left in the direction of a separate house. The main firing position of the BMP is on the right near the hillock. The main sector of fire is the bridge, ford; additional - to the right in the direction of the barn. The reserve firing position is near the bush. The main sector of fire is a ford, a corner of the forest; additional - to the left in the direction of a separate house
The sniper should have his main firing position in the center of the 1st MDF position, and a reserve one in the area of the platoon control post. Observation should be carried out in the barn, bridge sector; open fire on my command and independently.
The gunner-medic is located at the platoon control point. At the beginning of the battle, monitor the appearance of the wounded and be ready to provide first aid to the wounded
Take guard positions by 24.00 10.5. Fire system readiness -1.00 11.5. First stage engineering equipment at the positions should be completed by 6.00 11.5
I am at the platoon control post behind the 1st MSO position. My deputy is full-time and commander of the 1st MSO
When sending out paired patrol officers, the commander of the outpost indicates to them the route of movement, tasks, order of duty, actions when detecting an enemy, as well as a pass
When assigning a secret, the platoon commander indicates to him the composition, task, location, order of duty, maintaining communications, shifts, as well as a pass.
When organizing interaction, the commander of the outpost usually indicates the order of duty (the number of fire weapons on duty and observers, the order of duty and rest, the order of passage through the position, what to pay special attention to), the procedure for action in the event of an enemy attack, warning signals, control and interaction, order actions on them and skipping.
Instructions from the commander of the outpost for interaction
From 24.00, at the positions of the squads, have a duty fire weapon - a machine gun, which should be changed after 3 hours. By the same time, set up listening posts for the squad commanders, who are assigned places 200-250 m in front of the front edge, with the onset of dawn, withdraw them to positions, replacing observers. When conducting surveillance, pay special attention in the direction of the farmstead, Zyuzino.
By 0.15, the commander of the 1st MDF will deploy a secret team of two people with the task of secretly conducting surveillance in the sector of the corner of the grove, a dry tree; observation location - near the bridge over the river. Sejm. While on duty, do not reveal yourself in any way and do not detain anyone. Report to me immediately about the appearance of single soldiers and small groups of the enemy; retreat from the occupied position upon a signal. Communication with it will be maintained at night with a flashlight, during the day - with flags using a signal table. Pass - "Mortar".
Passage through the branch position is carried out using a pass. All persons who do not know him, as well as persons who arrived with orders and do not know the response, should be detained and taken to the platoon control point
Single soldiers and small groups should be captured and, if capture is impossible, destroyed. Report to me immediately if superior forces appear. As the enemy reaches the line, the ruins open fire on the farm and the infantry fighting vehicles begin to retreat to a guard position. With the enemy entering the west. river bank, open fire with all means of fire and conduct it with maximum tension.
When the enemy tries to bypass a guarded position on the right, the 2nd mso moves deep into the position, and the infantry fighting vehicle moves to a reserve position, destroying its wedged forces and means with fire on the flank
When the enemy tries to bypass the guard position on the left of 3 mso, using the grove, secretly move to its edge and, with sudden fire from close range, destroy his wedged forces and means.
With the approach of the main forces of the battalion to the Nizkaya grove line, the intersection with organized fire on the enemy, ensure the deployment of the battalion and, upon reaching the platoon position, jointly go on the attack.
- alerts: about radioactive contamination of the area - “Radiation Hazard”; about chemical contamination - “Chemical alert”; about an air enemy - “Air”;
- controls: open fire - green fire signal cartridge; cease fire - red fire signal cartridge; target designation from motorized rifles to tanks - with tracer bullets. Pass - "Mortar".
When organizing the fire system of a guard outpost, the platoon commander provides for the main and reserve firing positions of infantry fighting vehicles (armored personnel carriers), machine guns, grenade launchers, their main and additional sectors of fire from each position (except for grenade launchers), 1-2 areas of concentrated fire of the platoon, the opening line of fire infantry fighting vehicles (armored personnel carriers), a zone of continuous multi-layered fire of all types of weapons in front of the front edge, in the gaps and on the flanks of the security position, maneuvering fire in order to concentrate it on any threatened direction or on a section of the security line.
The platoon commander mainly carries out measures to organize the fire system when issuing combat orders and instructions for interaction. When organizing control, the commander of the outpost clarifies (informs) radio data and the procedure for using radio equipment to the commanders of subordinate and assigned units.
After organizing security on the ground, squad commanders lead the squads to the specified positions and begin to equip them with engineering equipment in accordance with the given order and instructions. At this time, the platoon commander draws up a diagram of the outpost security zone and, at the appointed time, presents it to the dispatching commander.
The diagram usually indicates landmarks, their numbers, names and distance to them; enemy position; platoon position and security zone, additional firing sector; squad security positions, their firing lines and additional sectors of fire; main and reserve firing positions of infantry fighting vehicles (armored personnel carriers), their main and additional sectors of fire from each position; areas of concentrated platoon fire; opening fire boundaries; barriers and fortifications; command and observation post location.
By monitoring the work of his subordinates, the platoon commander checks, first of all, their knowledge of the tasks received and the order of interaction, in addition, the implementation of measures to prepare units for guard duty, as well as ensuring vigilant service and constant combat readiness of the outpost. The platoon commander reports his readiness to carry out the assigned task by radio or personally to the commander who sent him. The personnel of the outpost, while in position, conduct observation and improve engineering equipment.
Paired patrolmen, moving along the specified route, carefully examine the surrounding local objects and folds of the terrain in readiness for mutual support with fire and actions. When approaching the patrol route of unfamiliar persons, the patrolmen, positioning themselves secretly, allow them to come to a close distance, after which, with a sudden shout, the senior patrolman demands to name the pass. Persons who correctly name the pass do not stop. Persons who do not know the pass are detained by patrol officers and delivered to the platoon commander.
Having discovered single enemy soldiers, paired patrols, with sudden and decisive actions, try to capture them; if they resist, measures are taken to destroy them.
When detecting an advancing enemy, the senior patrolman immediately reports this to the platoon commander by setting a signal or sending out a patrolman and, having positioned himself secretly, continues to conduct observation. Having received the command to retreat, the patrol pairs secretly, in short dashes, move to security positions and prepare for battle.
The secret personnel secretly move forward, occupy and equip a place for observation and for firing. The senior secret officer establishes the procedure for monitoring the enemy, maintains constant combat readiness and communication with the platoon commander. The secret personnel conduct continuous surveillance of the enemy and the terrain without revealing themselves in any way. When approaching both single soldiers and individual groups of the enemy, the secret does not detain or question them; the senior secret officer reports them to the commander of the outpost with an established signal, by sending a messenger, and sometimes by radio. If the enemy has managed to discover the location of the secret and attempts are being made to capture or destroy it, the personnel opens fire and, at the command of the platoon commander, carries out an organized retreat.
At the outpost position, with the receipt of information about the enemy’s advance, surveillance is intensified, and units are put on full combat readiness. The commander of the outpost reports the appearance of the enemy to the commander (chief) who sent him.
The platoon commander seeks to capture or destroy reconnaissance and small groups of the enemy trying to penetrate through the guard position to the main forces. As the enemy advances to the security position, the outpost uses fire from infantry fighting vehicles (armored personnel carriers), tanks, attached automatic grenade launchers, and then all fire weapons to inflict fire damage on him, fetter his actions, slow down the pace of advance, thereby providing an opportunity for an organized advance, deployment and entry into battle of the battalion's main forces.
When the enemy attempts to bypass the guard position or wedge into the gap between squads, the platoon commander, by moving infantry fighting vehicles to reserve firing positions and parts of personnel from unattacked areas, seeks to prevent his advance in depth.
With the transition of the main forces to the attack, the outpost also goes on the offensive in the direction indicated to it, usually in the first echelon of the battalion (company).
If, in accordance with the plan of the commander of the protected unit, the outpost must withdraw from the occupied line to the area where the main forces are located, then the platoon commander, at a set time or upon receipt of a command (signal), organizes the exit from the battle and withdrawal. At the same time, squads and reinforcement means retreat by rifts from one convenient line to another, mutually supporting each other with fire. When withdrawing, the wounded and dead must be carried out (taken away) along with their weapons.
The platoon commander must organize vigilant duty, personally set up guard posts and secrets, establish a rest order for personnel and ensure the constant combat readiness of the outpost. If an outpost is set up at night, the platoon commander is obliged to bypass the units at dawn, make the necessary changes to their location and clarify the tasks.
Two soldiers are appointed patrol officers, one of them is appointed senior. Patrol officers serve at night or during a set period of time continuously: one pair replaces the other.
When sending out patrol officers, the platoon commander indicates the route of movement, tasks, order of duty, actions to take when an enemy is detected, and a pass. Patrolmen move along the specified route and carefully inspect the area. They capture or destroy single enemy soldiers. If an enemy group is detected, the senior patrolman immediately reports this to the platoon commander and organizes observation of its actions.
The secret is deployed from the outpost at a distance of up to 400 m, consisting of 2-3 soldiers, one of them is appointed senior.
When setting a secret, the platoon commander indicates the composition, task, location, order of duty, maintaining communications and pass. The secret secretly occupies and equips the specified place and conducts continuous surveillance of the enemy and the area. The senior secret officer establishes the observation procedure, maintains constant combat readiness of the secret and maintains contact with the commander who posted him. The secret serves continuously throughout the day or night, secretly, without revealing itself in any way. He does not detain or question anyone. The senior secret officer reports the appearance of single soldiers (civilians) and enemy groups to the commander who issued the secret. When an enemy attacks a secret, he opens fire and retreats, continuing to observe. At the end of the duty period or at the command (signal) of the commander who posted the secret, the egg train returns to the outpost.
During the day, with good visibility, half of the outpost personnel are allowed to rest (sleep). At night and in other conditions of limited visibility, all outpost personnel are awake and in full combat readiness.
With the receipt of information about the enemy, surveillance is intensified, and the outpost is prepared for battle. The platoon commander reports the appearance of the enemy to the commander who sent the outpost and notifies neighboring outposts.
Small enemy groups trying to penetrate guarded units are captured or destroyed by the platoon. When superior enemy forces approach, the platoon enters the battle and holds its position until the guarded units approach the outpost line or until an order to withdraw is received.
INTELLIGENCE SERVICE
FUNDAMENTALS OF EXPLORATION
Reconnaissance is the most important type of combat support for troop operations. It is a set of measures for organizing, obtaining and studying information about the enemy, the terrain and the area of upcoming actions necessary for the successful completion of the tasks assigned to units and units.
Requirements for reconnaissance: purposefulness, continuity, activity, timeliness and efficiency, secrecy, reliability, accuracy of determining coordinates.
In accordance with the scale of its activities and the nature of the tasks being solved, military intelligence is divided into strategic, operational and tactical.
Strategic reconnaissance is conducted in the interests of preparing and conducting strategic operations and war in general. Operational intelligence - solves its problems in the interests of army and front-line operations and battles.
Tactical reconnaissance is carried out by the forces and means of subunits, units and formations in the interests of successful combat. It is divided into military, artillery, radar, radio and radio engineering, engineering, chemical and air. Since motorized rifle and tank units conduct mainly military reconnaissance, later in the textbook the issues of conducting and organizing reconnaissance will be discussed in relation to military reconnaissance.
Military intelligence includes the organization of reconnaissance, its conduct and information work.
The organization of reconnaissance involves determining the goals and objectives of reconnaissance, allocating the necessary forces and means, planning its activities, assigning tasks to performers, organizing their training, and other issues.
Conducting reconnaissance is associated with the direct actions of its forces and means to obtain intelligence information.
Information work involves collecting, processing intelligence information and communicating it to interested parties.
To directly conduct military reconnaissance, intelligence agencies are created from the subunits.
An intelligence agency is a permanent or temporarily created unit (group) with the necessary intelligence means, designed to perform certain intelligence tasks.
The reconnaissance bodies of military intelligence include: observers, observation posts, patrol squads, reconnaissance (combat reconnaissance), officer reconnaissance patrols, reconnaissance detachments, reconnaissance groups, groups for conducting searches and reconnaissance ambushes. At the same time, observers are appointed in the squad and platoon, in the company - an observer, and when the company performs independent tasks - a patrol squad, a combat reconnaissance patrol, in a battalion - an observation post, a patrol squad, a combat reconnaissance patrol, a reconnaissance patrol, groups for setting up reconnaissance ambushes, in the unit - observation posts, reconnaissance and officer reconnaissance patrols, reconnaissance detachments, groups for conducting searches and setting up reconnaissance ambushes.
An observer is assigned to reconnaissance of the ground and air enemy, the terrain, as well as to monitor the actions and position of his units and neighbors in all types of combat, during movement and positioning on the spot. He is located close to the unit commander and reports to him about everything noticed during the observation. When conducting reconnaissance, the observer uses observation devices: binoculars, rangefinders.
An observation post is a group of military personnel assigned for reconnaissance of ground and air enemies with personal weapons, necessary equipment and documents, as well as the place from which they carry out the assigned task. It is designed to conduct enemy reconnaissance in a specified sector.
The observation post is separated from the reconnaissance, motorized rifle and tank units.
Observation posts are organized in defense and in preparation for an offensive. They are located, as a rule, at the forefront in the combat formations of units or on the flanks. The observation post (OP) consists of two or three observers, one of whom is appointed senior.
The observation post must have observation devices, a large-scale map or diagram of the area, an observation log, a compass, a clock, a flashlight, means of communication and warning signals.
A patrol squad (patrol tank) is sent from a unit (agencies) conducting reconnaissance, or a company (platoon) performing a combat mission in isolation from its main forces, for timely detection of the enemy and reconnaissance of the area. It operates at a distance that allows for observation and fire support. The patrol squad carries out its tasks on standard combat vehicles, other vehicles, as well as on foot, and in winter - on skis.
The search group can be appointed as part of a reconnaissance, motorized rifle platoon, or specially selected soldiers and sergeants. The group is reinforced by sappers with engineering reconnaissance and mine clearance equipment, and its actions, if necessary, are supported by fire from tanks, artillery and other fire weapons.
Sections (subgroups) of capture, clearing and fire support are assigned from the platoon (group) to conduct the search.
The reconnaissance ambush group operates as part of a squad, platoon, or specially selected soldiers and sergeants. It can be used in all types of combat in the depths of the enemy’s position, at his front line, in front of the front line and in the location of our troops. To conduct an ambush, observers, capture and fire support subgroups are assigned from the group.
The reconnaissance group is created from specially trained personnel of the reconnaissance unit of military intelligence, usually as part of a department. The reconnaissance group is intended for operations behind enemy lines to uncover nuclear and chemical attack facilities, precision weapons, control posts, reserves, airfields and other objects." A reconnaissance group can be sent behind enemy lines by helicopters (airplanes) with their parachute or landing method, on combat vehicles and other means of transportation, on foot, and in coastal areas - by means of the fleet.
A combat reconnaissance patrol is sent from a battalion (company) of the first echelon as part of a motorized rifle (tank) platoon. It operates in front of the front or on one of the flanks of the battalion (company) at a distance that provides observation and fire support, and in the absence of direct contact with the enemy, up to 10 km from its units.
A reconnaissance patrol (RD) is sent, as a rule, as part of a reconnaissance detachment, and from a reconnaissance detachment, in addition, as part of a motorized rifle (tank) platoon.
The reconnaissance patrol operates at a distance of up to 15 km from its units, and the one sent from the reconnaissance detachment operates at a distance of up to 10 km from its main forces.
An officer reconnaissance patrol (OfRD) is sent out in conditions of a sharp and unexpected change in the situation to clarify information about the enemy and the terrain in the combat area, to establish the position of friendly troops and neighbors, and to check conflicting data about the situation.
Depending on the assigned tasks, one or more officers (two or three) can be assigned to an officer reconnaissance patrol; in addition, three to five soldiers can be assigned for security. The patrol vehicles may be helicopters, tanks, infantry fighting vehicles, armored personnel carriers, cars, motorcycles, etc.
A reconnaissance detachment (RO) is sent from a unit or formation in various types of combat. A reinforced reconnaissance (motorized rifle, tank) company or battalion is assigned to the reconnaissance detachment.
The actions of intelligence agencies to obtain intelligence information are carried out in various ways.
A reconnaissance method is a technique (method) of action by reconnaissance forces and means for the purpose of obtaining intelligence information. The main methods of military reconnaissance are: observation, eavesdropping, search, raid, reconnaissance ambush, reconnaissance in force, interrogation of prisoners (defectors), questioning of local residents.
Observation is the main method of intelligence. It is organized and conducted in all types of combat activities of troops continuously, day and night, at any time of the year and in any situation, personally by commanders from all command, observation and command-observation posts, as well as observation posts and other military intelligence bodies.
Observation in many cases allows troops to prevent a surprise attack by the enemy and makes it possible to notice the slightest changes in the regime of his fire, the system of defensive structures and various types of obstacles, as well as in the nature of the enemy’s behavior.
Eavesdropping as a method of reconnaissance is used in direct contact with the enemy, as well as during the actions of reconnaissance units in his rear. It is carried out at any time of the day, especially at night and in conditions of limited visibility (snowfall, fog, blizzard). Reconnaissance by eavesdropping can be carried out by ear or using technical means. Eavesdropping complements and is used in combination with observation.
Reconnaissance by eavesdropping is carried out by observers of units and observation posts, and personnel of other intelligence agencies. Separate listening posts can also be created, consisting of two or three people who can navigate well in conditions of limited visibility, have excellent hearing and can recognize enemy actions based on sound.
The search is organized for the purpose of capturing prisoners and is carried out, as a rule, before an offensive, mainly at night and in other conditions of limited visibility. It consists in a secretive approach of a group (unit) to a pre-planned studied object, a surprise attack on it in the process of capturing prisoners, documents, samples of weapons and equipment, and a quick retreat to the location of its troops.
A raid is usually carried out by a reconnaissance patrol in order to capture prisoners, documents, samples of enemy weapons and equipment, as well as to destroy an important object on the instructions of the commander who sent the patrol, or by decision of the detachment commander acting on the patrol. It consists of a surprise attack on a pre-selected (designated) enemy target.
When organizing a raid, soldiers from the patrol can be assigned to destroy the security of the object, a capture squad (group), and a fire support squad (group).
When conducting a raid, the patrol secretly advances as close to the target as possible, silently or after a sudden fire defeat, quickly attacks and destroys the enemy with fire and hand-to-hand combat. The surviving enemy soldiers and officers are captured; documents found during inspection of the dead, vehicles or object are confiscated. New types of weapons and equipment are captured and sent to the commander who sent the patrol.
Unlike a search, which is carried out as silently as possible, the actions of scouts during a raid are based on a skillful combination of fire, surprise and a swift strike, ending, as a rule, in a short hand-to-hand combat.
A reconnaissance ambush is carried out by a reconnaissance patrol, as well as by a platoon (squad, tank group) specially assigned for this purpose in order to capture prisoners, documents, samples of enemy weapons and equipment. It consists in the advance and secret location of a group unit on the expected or probable routes of movement of the enemy for a surprise attack on him in order to capture prisoners, documents, weapons, military equipment and equipment.
Reconnaissance ambushes are arranged in all types of combat, on any terrain, at any time of the year and in various meteorological conditions, in front of the front, on the enemy’s flanks and in his rear. Important information can be obtained by interrogating prisoners, defectors, and interviewing local residents. However, you should be aware that the information obtained in this way must be double-checked and clarified. Interrogation of prisoners and defectors and interviews with local residents are carried out briefly, as a rule, in the interests of completing the assigned task and in such a way as not to reveal the main purpose of the reconnaissance. Prisoners captured during a search, ambush or raid are taken to the unit's headquarters by bodies specially designated for this purpose and interrogated there. In a battalion (company), interrogation and interrogation are carried out only in the interests of obtaining the information that the unit needs to conduct combat. The received data is reported to the senior commander, and prisoners and defectors are sent to the unit headquarters or to a prisoner-of-war assembly point.
Reconnaissance in force consists of a surprise attack on a pre-selected and prepared unit to capture a specific object in the enemy's location. A unit assigned to conduct reconnaissance in force usually includes a motorized rifle company or battalion, reinforced with artillery, tanks, anti-tank and anti-aircraft weapons. 2-3 reconnaissance groups of 3-5 people, specialists in engineering, artillery and other types of reconnaissance can operate together with it. The unit's actions are supported by aviation and artillery fire. Most often, reconnaissance in force is carried out in cases where other methods of reconnaissance cannot provide the command with the necessary data about the enemy or when it is not possible to obtain it by other means. Reconnaissance in force can be carried out in preparation for an offensive and in defense. During the battle, reconnaissance groups capture prisoners, documents, and weapons. Other specialists conduct engineering and chemical reconnaissance, artillerymen pinpoint enemy artillery and mortar firing positions, and reveal their fire system.
During the Great Patriotic War, reconnaissance in force was widely used and, as a rule, gave very positive results. It provided the most complete and reliable data on the location, forces, grouping and fire system of the enemy, as well as the nature of the terrain equipment in its location.
When units are positioned on site, direct security must be organized, and if there is a threat of attack by a ground enemy, outpost security must also be organized.
Direct security bodies include: observers, observation posts, foot patrols, patrols. In addition, a daily squad is assigned to a company, and a duty unit is assigned to a battalion.
Security guard bodies include: guard detachments (STO), guard outposts (StZ), guard posts (StP), secrets.
A reinforced company is assigned to the service station.
Sometimes a reinforced battalion may be assigned to an important direction in the StO, and a reinforced company in the StZ.
Security guard tasks:
Timely detect the enemy and warn guarded units about him;
In the event of an enemy attack, a stubborn defense will ensure the deployment and entry into battle of protected units.
Outpost. A reinforced tank (motorized rifle) platoon assigned to an outpost can operate in the security zone of the outpost or independently. In this case, he is appointed senior commander to a secondary direction.
When setting a mission, a guard outpost is assigned a line of defense, a security and reconnaissance zone up to 2 km wide. In the security zone at the specified line, the outpost occupies and equips the main position, and, if there is time, a reserve position. The organization of the fire system at these positions should provide fire cover for the entire security zone. Positions are selected at a line convenient for defense, if possible covered by anti-tank obstacles and providing good observation towards the enemy.
The distance of the outpost from the guarded units should make it possible, in the event of an enemy appearance, to warn the guarded units, ensure their deployment and organized entry into battle. This removal is indicated by the commander sending the outpost, and may be 5-15 km.
When operating in an outpost, a tank platoon can be reinforced with one or two motorized rifle squads, sappers and reconnaissance chemists, and a motorized rifle platoon with one or two tanks, sappers and reconnaissance chemists.
Patrol vehicles are sent periodically from outposts to inspect the area in the security zone in front of the position, in the intervals between outposts, especially at night and in other conditions of limited visibility. For the same purpose they can send foot patrols: 2-3 soldiers, one of them is appointed senior. Following secretly along the indicated route in the security zone of the outpost, patrol vehicles (patrol vehicles) carefully inspect the area. When they detect single enemy soldiers, they capture them or destroy them. Having discovered enemy groups, the commander of the patrol vehicle (senior patrolman) immediately reports to the outpost commander and continues continuous observation of the enemy’s actions. Secret is set up if there are hidden approaches in front of the outpost position or in the intervals with neighboring outposts. It is set for a certain time in order to timely detect the enemy in specified directions. Removing secrets from a protected unit up to 400 m.
2-3 soldiers are assigned to the secret, one of them is the senior one. Having positioned itself hidden in the place indicated to it, the secret conducts covert surveillance of the enemy, without revealing itself in any way and being in full combat readiness. The secret of the appearance of the enemy is conveyed to the outpost commander in the established way and continues to monitor him. When approaching the secret of single enemy soldiers, he captures them or destroys them by fire. After completing the task (after the specified time), the secret independently returns to the outpost position.
Observation post assigned at a point that provides the best overview of the area in order to timely detect the enemy. The observation post includes 2-3 observers, one of whom is appointed senior. The task of the observation post is usually set in the area in which the senior observation post is usually given: landmarks, brief information about the enemy, the task of the observation post (location, observation line and directions to which special attention must be paid), the order of the report when the enemy is detected .
Having received the task, the senior observation post establishes the procedure for continuous observation, organizes engineering equipment and camouflage of the location for the observation post, prepares observation devices, records the observation results in a log and promptly reports to the commander who sent the post about the results of the observation.
An observation post is usually equipped with observation devices (binoculars, periscope, stereo scope, etc.), a large-scale map (terrain diagram) of the area, an observation log, a compass, and a clock. Communication with the post is maintained by radio or telephone (in extreme cases, communication by visual signals).
The observation post operates continuously day and night. Surveillance at night is supplemented by eavesdropping; in case of detection of the enemy, means of illuminating the area can be used.
Guard post As part of a motorized rifle squad (tank), it is assigned to directly guard units located on site. He usually occupies and equips a position at a specified location 50-60 m along the front at a distance of up to 1500 m from the guarded units. The position of the guard post should ensure all-round observation and firing.
Having taken the position indicated for the guard post, the squad leader appoints an observer, organizes engineering equipment and camouflage of the position, indicates the order of fire in the event of an enemy appearance, and provides a pass. All-round observation from the occupied position is carried out by the guard post continuously day and night; The fast usually changes every other day.
The commander of the guard post allows all military personnel who know the pass to pass in both directions. The guard post captures or destroys single enemy soldiers who appear and reports this to the commander who sent the post. When the enemy begins an offensive, the guard post defends its position, reports this to the commander and does not leave without his order.
For every day, a pass and recall are established to identify their military personnel. The pass is communicated orally to the entire composition of the outpost (post) and reconnaissance units, and the recall is communicated to the commanders of these units, as well as to persons sent to convey orders to them.
Pass asked from persons passing through the security line in both directions or following the location of units at night. Feedback is asked by the commander of the outpost (post) from the persons conveying the verbal order of the chief, and from the commanders of the units conducting reconnaissance, if they were the first to ask at the meeting: “What is the pass?” Recall also serves as a means of mutual identification of units conducting reconnaissance.
To prevent eavesdropping by the enemy, the pass and recall are pronounced quietly. All persons who do not know the pass, and who arrived with an order to recall, are detained. The commander of the outpost (post) interrogates the detainees personally and, depending on the circumstances, allows them to move on or sends them under escort to the commander who sent the guard.
4. The sequence and content of the work of the platoon commander assigned to the outpost, the actions of the platoon when small groups of the enemy are detected and superior forces approach.
A platoon (squad, tank) is assigned to guard duty with the task of preventing enemy reconnaissance from penetrating the guarded units, promptly detecting the appearance of a ground enemy, warning the guarded troops about it, and, in the event of an enemy attack, stubbornly defending the position it occupies.
For timely detection of the enemy, a radar reconnaissance post for ground moving targets can be deployed at the outpost, and surveillance can be organized at the position of each squad (tank). A guard post can be set up in the most likely direction of enemy action.
At night and in other conditions of limited visibility, eavesdropping is organized and surveillance is carried out using night vision devices. To inspect the area between the positions of squads (tanks) and on open flanks, paired patrols are sent, and secrets are set up and signal mines are installed on hidden approaches, including during the day, for timely detection of the enemy.
The commander of a motorized rifle (tank) platoon assigned to an outpost, having received a task, at the appointed time leads the platoon to the specified line, organizes observation, conducts reconnaissance, makes decisions, gives combat orders, organizes the fire system, interaction, control and engineering equipment of the position.
When conducting reconnaissance, the platoon commander must:
Indicate landmarks;
Determine the most likely direction of enemy action, determine the tasks of tanks (squads), their positions, sectors (lanes) of fire and additional sectors of fire, firing positions of infantry fighting vehicles (armored personnel carriers), main and additional sectors of fire from each of them;
Determine the opening lines of fire for tanks, infantry fighting vehicles (APCs), machine guns and grenade launchers;
Outline the patrol routes, their tasks, the order of duty and actions when the enemy is detected;
When setting a secret, determine the composition, task location, order of duty, maintaining communications and shifts;
Outline the order of the engineering equipment of the position, the location of the gaps for personnel and the location of the construction of mine-explosive barriers;
Determine measures to ensure combat at night and in other conditions of limited visibility.
In the decision, the withdrawal commander determines:
The order of task execution;
Tasks for tanks (squads), their positions, sectors (lanes) of fire, additional sectors of fire, main and reserve positions of infantry fighting vehicles (armored personnel carriers), main and additional sectors of fire from each of them;
The secret - composition, task, place, order of duty and actions when the enemy is detected;
Tasks for assigned units and fire assets.
When assigning tasks to squads (tanks), the platoon commander in the battle orderindicates:
The commander of a motorized rifle platoon - the tasks of the squads, their positions, lines of fire and additional sectors of fire, the main and reserve firing positions of infantry fighting vehicles (armored personnel carriers), the main and additional sectors of fire from each position;
The commander of a tank platoon - the tasks of the tanks, their main and reserve firing positions, the main and additional sectors of fire from each position.
In addition, the platoon commander in the combat order determines the time for occupying the position, the readiness of the fire system, the sequence and timing of the engineering equipment of the positions.
By organizing interaction, the platoon commander indicates: the order of duty (the number of fire weapons on duty and observers, the order of duty and rest, the order of passage through the position, what to pay special attention to); procedure for action in the event of an enemy attack; warning, control and interaction signals, the procedure for acting on them and skipping them. The platoon commander must organize vigilant duty, personally set up guard posts and secrets, establish a rest order for personnel and ensure the constant combat readiness of the outpost. If an outpost is set up at night, the platoon commander is obliged to bypass the units at dawn, make the necessary changes to their location and clarify the tasks.
Patrolmen two soldiers are appointed, one of them is appointed senior. Patrol officers serve at night or during a set period of time continuously: one pair replaces the other. When sending out patrol officers, the platoon commander indicates the route of movement, tasks, order of duty, actions to take when an enemy is detected, and a pass. The patrolmen move along the specified route and carefully inspect the area. They capture or destroy single enemy soldiers. If an enemy group is detected, the senior patrolman immediately reports this to the platoon commander and organizes observation of its actions.
When exposing a secret the platoon commander indicates the composition, task, location, order of service, maintaining communications and pass. The secret secretly occupies and equips the specified place and conducts continuous surveillance of the enemy and the area. The senior secret officer establishes the observation procedure, maintains constant combat readiness of the secret and maintains contact with the commander who posted him. The secret serves continuously throughout the day or night, secretly, without revealing itself in any way. He does not detain or question anyone. The senior secret officer reports the appearance of single soldiers (civilians) and enemy groups to the commander who issued the secret. When an enemy attacks a secret, he opens fire and retreats, continuing to observe. At the end of the duty period or at the command (signal) of the commander who posted the secret, the personnel return to the outpost.
During the day, with good visibility, half of the outpost personnel are allowed to rest (sleep). At night and in other conditions of limited visibility, all outpost personnel are awake and in full combat readiness.
With the receipt of information about the enemy, surveillance is intensified, and the outpost is prepared for battle. The platoon commander reports the appearance of the enemy to the commander who sent the outpost and notifies neighboring outposts.
Small enemy groups trying to penetrate guarded units are captured or destroyed by the platoon. When superior enemy forces approach, the platoon enters the battle and holds its position until the guarded units approach the outpost line or until an order to withdraw is received.
The methodological development was compiled by: Lieutenant Colonel N.V. Luzin,
Security:
- A set of measures to prevent a surprise attack by the enemy while on a march, while at points of permanent and temporary deployment, as well as in conditions close to contact with the enemy.
- A formation temporarily created or used for these purposes.
Types of security[ | ]
Combat guard[ | ]
It is carried out in conditions close to contact with the enemy. During front-line confrontation, troops appear to be periodically replaced by stationary patrols, which carry out constant surveillance from the positions of units, and mobile patrols, which inspect the surrounding area for the appearance of the enemy.
The practical meaning of combat security is that a small part of the military personnel is allocated to ensure security, while the rest of the personnel can be engaged in various tasks: engineering strengthening of positions, setting up a field camp, servicing military equipment and weapons, preparing food, procuring building materials for fortifications , solving everyday problems, etc.
Combat guards are deployed not only in the direction of a likely enemy attack, but are also dispersed in order to ensure all-round protection of their own units from a surprise attack, including from the rear approaches.
Marching guard[ | ]
A set of measures during the march of troops, excluding a surprise attack. Represents the allocation of a patrol that moves at a distance from the main column of troops. Removing the patrol is necessary so that, in the event of an enemy attack, the column of troops has time to deploy into battle formations. In marching security, from a company on the march to a platoon, from which patrol vehicles or patrols consisting of two people to a squad are allocated.
The patrols differ in location relative to the column:
Depending on the number of troops moving in the column, the composition of the unit assigned to patrol also changes. For such large formations as a battalion/regiment/brigade/division, formations up to a company/battalion/regiment are assigned to the March Guard, respectively. In such cases, the term marching outpost is applied to them, which also differ in location relative to the column:
- Head marching outpost
- Side marching outposts
- Rear marching outpost
Sentry guard[ | ]
A set of measures to protect troops and communications in wartime. It consists of setting up stationary guard posts on the sides of a unit or unit and on roads, passes, and the outskirts of populated areas, which makes it possible to control the situation and the movement of both civilians and military personnel.
A guard post set up on a road is called a checkpoint in modern military terminology. In English military terminology the term English is used. Security checkpoint.
Typically, a guard post is a fortified position that has everything necessary for long-term living (a place for rest, a food supply point or catering unit, etc.) and autonomous functioning (an equipped storage place or ammunition depot, a storage place or food depot, etc.). etc.), on which one squad is deployed, sometimes with military equipment (armored personnel carriers, infantry fighting vehicles).
A larger security guard body is the outpost, which is organized by a platoon. At the same time, separate guard posts can be set up at a distance from the outpost.
An even larger guard unit is the guard detachment. Typically, a company that guards a wide area with several outposts is either partly on duty and serves more as a reserve formation to support outposts in the event of a sharp deterioration in the tactical situation.
Outpost security is one of the main ways to maintain the safety of troops from enemy reconnaissance and sabotage groups, and is also the main tool for effectively fighting guerrillas in counter-guerrilla warfare, one example of which is the Afghan War.
Direct protection[ | ]
A set of measures to ensure the security of military formations at permanent deployment points and military facilities in peacetime and wartime. It is carried out by organizing garrison service and guard service, as well as organizing duty inside military camps. For example, officials performing direct security in the USSR Armed Forces were:
Story [ | ]
The field troops occupying the combat outpost line must first of all organize an anti-tank fire system and retrofit the entire area in anti-tank terms. The enemy must be disrupted in combat outpost positions, and then destroyed at the front line by organized fire from long-term installations and field troops. |
The experience of the Great Patriotic War, as well as local wars, showed that failure to comply with the requirements for organizing combat security, as a rule, leads to unjustified losses and complicates the organized entry of troops into battle in the event of a surprise attack by the enemy.
In the recent past, combat guards were also tasked with preventing a surprise attack by enemy air, but in modern combat conditions, such a task is no longer faced by combat guards, since without radio-technical air defense systems it cannot be successfully solved.
In conditions of ground combat and the impending enemy offensive, the likelihood that the combat outpost personnel will be completely destroyed is quite high. Therefore, the minimum necessary but sufficient amount of forces and means to successfully complete the assigned tasks is assigned to the combat guard: these can be reinforced combined arms units or separate groups of soldiers and sergeants. Moreover, in each specific case, the composition of the security forces depends on the task being solved by the protected troops, and the time they need to deploy and enter battle, the importance of the direction of their actions, the distance and nature of the enemy’s actions, terrain conditions and observation. For example, the combat security of a US Army brigade, which, according to field regulations and manuals, is the main tactical formation, is created with a strength of up to a motorized infantry company. Building it
Faculty of Military Studies
Don State Technical University
Automotive Department
Discipline: "Tactics"
Topic: “Organization of direct guard protection of the area on site and the halt area”
Is done by a student
xxx training platoon
Grade:_______________
Checked by: senior teacher
Colonel
Rostov-on-Don
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc337662122" 1. Introduction.3
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc337662123" 2. Organization of security guards.4
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc337662124" 2.1. Organization of guard protection of the area on site and the halt area.4
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc337662125" 2.2. Tasks of a battalion (company) commander assigned to guard duty.6
HYPERLINK \l "_Toc337662126" 3. List of used literature.7
1. Introduction.
Modern combined arms combat is conducted by the combined efforts of all troops participating in it. It is characterized by decisiveness, intensity, transience and dynamism of combat operations, their ground-air nature, simultaneous powerful fire impact at great depths, the use of various methods of performing combat missions and rapid transitions from one type of action to another. During combat operations, units and subunits constantly change their location. To prevent a surprise attack by the enemy on units located on site, to prevent reconnaissance from penetrating into the location area, as well as to ensure favorable conditions for deployment and engagement or maneuver, guard security is organized.
2. Organization of security guards.
2.1. Organization of guard protection of the area on site and the halt area.
Troops, when stationed on the spot, are protected directly, and in the event of a threat of enemy attack, by outposts set up by regiments (battalions) at their designated lines and in stripes (positions). The guard should be all-round and intercept all main roads and approaches to the location area.
Guard protection of the battalion is carried out by guard posts as part of a squad (tank), which are placed, if necessary, in threatened directions at a distance of up to 1500 meters, on hidden approaches - by secret posts consisting of 2-3 people, placed at a distance of up to 400 meters from the area where the battalion is located, and in boundaries of the location area - direct security, including paired patrols and constant duty of observers at the battalion command and observation post. In addition, the battalion is assigned a duty unit, usually within a platoon. It is located in the place indicated by the battalion commander and is in constant readiness to destroy enemy sabotage and reconnaissance groups and carry out other suddenly emerging combat missions, as well as to extinguish fires in and near the location area. The company organizes direct security, carried out by patrolmen who serve by walking around the area where the company is located, and by constant duty of observers at the company command and observation post. In addition, a daily patrol is assigned to protect personnel, weapons and equipment.
Guard protection is usually carried out by guard detachments as part of a reinforced company and by outposts as part of a reinforced platoon. Sometimes a battalion may be assigned to an important direction in a guard detachment from a division; in this case, a reinforced company may be assigned to an outpost from a guard detachment.
The guard detachment (outpost) is given a line of defense and a security and reconnaissance zone. The security line along the front can reach: for a battalion - 10 km, for a company - 5 km, for a platoon - 2 km.
The distance of the outpost from the protected units (subunits) should ensure their maneuver, organized entry into battle and, depending on the composition of the outpost, can be 5-15 km.
A battalion (company) assigned to a guard detachment occupies and prepares for defense the line assigned to it, covering the most important directions with outposts. The line occupied by the guard detachment (outpost) must be convenient for defense, provide good visibility towards the enemy and be equipped in engineering terms.