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Name: Luzhniki
Location: Moscow time, Luzhniki street, 24
Coordinate location: 55.765833, 37.558611
Status: Construction (reconstruction) underway
End of stadium construction: 1956 (was built), 2016 (reconstruction is expected to be completed)
Cost price: about 350 million euros, i.e. ~22.5 billion rubles
Design company: PI "Arena", GMP, State Unitary Enterprise MNIIP Mosproekt-4
Development company: Mosinzhproekt
Contractor company: Mosinzhproekt
State examination: passed
Property: Olympic complex "Luzhniki", Russian national football team
Luzhniki Stadium: description
The Luzhniki Stadium is considered legendary, because a large number of great matches were played there, the last of which was the only Champions League final, which was entrusted to Russia. At that time, for this match, the entire lawn was resurfaced, covering it with natural grass, but this time the stadium is awaiting a larger-scale reconstruction.
Naturally, the final of the first home World Cup 2018 could not be held anywhere except in Luzhniki in Moscow.
Luzhniki is a stadium with a huge history, although recently it has been often and mercilessly criticized. It was once one of the largest stadiums in Europe and accommodated about 90 thousand spectators. But those days are gone, and the stadium has been remodeled many times, reducing its capacity to meet safety requirements. In the 2000s, teams such as Spartak and CSKA played there, and at that time you could see a “puddle” at the derby between the two legendary clubs. The reason for this “puddle” was the level of comfort that did not meet modern requirements. The stadium was built not only for football and its matches, but also for other competitions, the latest of which was the athletics competition in 2013.
Reconstruction of the Luzhniki Stadium for the 2018 World Cup
At the time when Russia applied to host the 2018 World Cup, the decision was immediately made to hold the opening and final at the central Moscow Luzhniki stadium, although there were differing opinions on what to do with the stadium: demolish the old one and rebuild a new one, or carry out a full-scale reconstruction.
The arena renovation included three main upgrade options. All of them were provided by FIFA in the form of projects. All three options included the idea of increasing the roof area of the arena to increase comfort when watching matches. There was also a problem with increasing the seats. To achieve this, in two versions of the projects it was proposed to deepen the field by four and eight meters.
Luzhniki Stadium on the map. Find out how to get there
Reconstruction progress
The following solution was found: From the old stadium, only the original walls and roof will remain, and everything else (including the interior) is subject to reconstruction and will be rebuilt. Thus, the stadium will be updated technically, which will make it possible to preserve the general historical facade.
In the spring of 2015, the roof was installed, the area was significantly increased and the stands were protected from the sun and precipitation. This will not be just a roof, but a high-tech media roof, which will have a large number of LEDs, which will make it possible to provide additional lighting to viewers.
In the summer of 2016, the construction of the stands was completed, and builders began digging a foundation pit for the field. By deepening the field, the old soil is removed and replaced with new soil. By the end of 2016, chairs will be installed, and by August 2017, the lawn will be sown. According to a statement to FIFA in July 2016, the pace is many times faster than the approved work schedule.
The Luzhniki Stadium will not only host 3 matches of the 2018 World Cup (opening, one semi-final, final) but also most sports. facilities, such as training football fields due to the refusal to build commercial facilities on the territory of the sports complex.
The cost of preparing Moscow for Fifa
When the first application for the reconstruction of Luzhniki was received, its cost was $23 million (at 2010 exchange rates). After the project was approved, the work was estimated at 19 billion rubles. The latest cost announced recently (July 2015) is 355 million euros. As they say, this is also not much for the stadium, which is considered one of the most complex structures in the world.
The plans also include increasing the seating capacity of spectators, up to 81 thousand people, by changing the geometry of the stands and adding new communications. Everyone who will be at the stadium will be very comfortable in the new, reconstructed and modern sports complex.
The Luzhniki Stadium will receive real natural grass, with which the problems of holding winter matches will disappear thanks to the advent of heating systems for the stands and field. At the request of fans, the stands will now be much closer to the field, and it will be possible to play on this field at any time of the year. The stadium will be able to accommodate 81 thousand fans, although at first the project wanted to add 89 thousand seats. FIFA made concessions, and they were able to overcome the minimum mark of 80 thousand places for the final.
The reconstruction of the stadium was to be completed in 2016, although the completion date in the contract is 2017.
Russia, including Moscow, is preparing to become the host of the largest sporting event of 2018 - the FIFA World Cup under the auspices of FIFA. The central arena will be the legendary Luzhniki Stadium. How many great matches the spectators of these stands have seen! The latest of these was the recent Champions League final. Then, for just one game, the entire lawn was resurfaced, replacing it with natural grass. Now the stadium will undergo large-scale reconstruction.
Reconstruction of Luzhniki for the 2018 FIFA World Cup
Of course, the final of the first home FIFA World Cup, which will be held in 2018, could not take place anywhere except in Moscow and nowhere except at Luzhniki, because this is a stadium with a long history, but recently this arena has been mercilessly criticized. It was once one of the largest sports complexes in Europe, which could accommodate up to 90,000 spectators. Since then, to meet safety requirements, Luzhniki has been rebuilt several times, significantly reducing its capacity.
The reconstruction of the legendary Luzhniki, where the 1980 Olympics took place, will again bring the number of spectator seats closer to the previous level. After modernization, this project will turn the complex into a modern sports ground. At the same time, the historical walls and roof of the stadium will be preserved, since the Luzhniki Arena is very dear to Muscovites, and therefore a complete renovation is impractical.
In addition to the main stadium, where the most important matches will be held, the sports complex will receive many other sports facilities: numerous training fields, as well as a base for the location of teams that will participate in the World Cup. It was decided to abandon the construction of a number of commercial facilities on the territory of the sports complex. Completion of the reconstruction is scheduled for April 2017.
The stadium, which was built in 1956, has hosted international sporting events many times. At the same time, in order to correspond to the status of a sports facility hosting the World Cup, Luzhniki needs to be modernized. FIFA is carefully ensuring that all venues for the 2018 World Cup meet the highest requirements for safety, technical support and comfort.
In 2013, 3 options for reconstructing the Luzhniki sports arena were presented. The Moscow authorities responsible for hosting the 2018 World Cup presented FIFA management with stadium concepts, each of which had its own features. As a result, not without difficulty, one project was approved. Before work began, the Moscow BSA had 78,000 spectator seats, while FIFA requires at least 89,000.
In order to preserve the historical appearance of the Soviet architectural monument, the Moscow authorities compromised with the International Football Federation. The engineers faced a difficult task: to bring the stadium's capacity into compliance with FIFA requirements, while preserving the original roof and walls. And where the World Athletics Championships took place relatively recently, today reconstruction is in full swing.
Preparations for the 2018 FIFA World Cup are in full swing. The reconstruction project of the famous capital's arena is the most large-scale and ambitious of all existing projects. There will be 81,000 seats for fans of the world championship. This decision was not easy, but it helped not only to save, but also to make the entire preparation for the football championship much less expensive. How will the Luzhniki Stadium change for the 2018 FIFA World Cup?
How much does it cost to reconstruct a stadium?
Initially, the cost of reconstruction of the Grand Sports Arena was $240 million. The final project was estimated at 19 billion rubles. For this money, it is planned to increase the capacity of the sports complex, change the geometry of its stands, equip it with the latest communications, and add functionality to the interior premises. Everyone should feel comfortable and comfortable at the new ultra-modern stadium - from fans to top officials of states.
The sports complex that will host the World Cup will finally receive the long-awaited natural field. The problem of holding matches in winter is no longer relevant, since the arena is equipped with the latest heating systems for the field and stands. It will be possible to play on the field all year round, and the stands themselves will become closer to the field. At the same time, the historical appearance of Luzhniki was preserved - a recognizable view from the Sparrow Hills.
Today, the work on remodeling the sports arena is more than 50% complete. In particular, the construction of the base under the field is 80% complete. The extension of the canopy to 11 meters has also been completed. By the end of this year, according to the project, it is planned to replace all engineering systems of the facility. About 4,000 people are working on the construction of the sports complex, 2,000 per shift.
At the same time, the cost of modernization and construction of the facility, according to today’s exchange rate, has increased to 350 million euros. The reconstructed stadium after the FIFA World Cup will remain the property of the management company OJSC Luzhniki. At the end of the 2018 World Cup, all training fields of the sports complex will be used by children's and youth schools.
Early completion of modernization
As noted at the beginning of the article, the Luzhniki stadium construction project was planned to be completed in April 2017, that is, a little more than a year at the beginning of the 2018 World Cup. However, Deputy Mayor of Moscow for Urban Development Policy and Construction Marat Khusnullin said that the reconstruction of the facility is 3 months ahead of schedule.
But the mayor of the capital, Sergei Sobyanin, said that all installation work should be completed by the end of 2016. To implement this project, about 1,500 workers are working around the clock to build the arena. Today, the main work has already been completed, the frame, elevator shafts, external passages and much more are being erected. By the end of 2016, the contractor is obliged to complete all construction work and begin setting up equipment.
The International Federation of Football Associations highly appreciated the pace of reconstruction of Luzhniki. On the eve of the 2018 FIFA World Cup, the main arena was visited by Charles Botta, a leading consultant on the design and construction of FIFA stadiums, who noted the importance of carrying out work to ensure all safety measures at the construction site. By the end of 2017, the most important elements of the BSA should be modernized. What's new? Reconstruction project for the Luzhniki Stadium for the 2018 FIFA World Cup
Cascading staircase system for fans
The modernized arena will create a unique system of cascading pedestrian stairs for spectators of World Cup matches. With the help of these stairs, fans will be able to quickly and easily move from one sector to another. This solution will effectively distribute the flow of spectators and ensure unimpeded movement of visitors to any point in the stadium.
There will also be a Wi-Fi network here, and using a special mobile application, fans of a particular team will be able to watch replays of dangerous moments during the match. In addition, it is planned to install a special LED field on the roof - a media screen, with the help of which it will be possible to broadcast any video, game score, and flags of the teams participating in the match. At the same time, the picture will be of high quality, and the best view will be from the Sparrow Hills.
Another feature of the updated sports complex for the 2018 FIFA World Cup will be a number of thematic “alleys”. For example, logos of events that took place in the arena at different times will be displayed, there will also be special panels with newspaper clippings, black and white photographs of the past, panels with paintings on sports themes, as well as exhibits from the arena museum and much more.
Modern lawn control system
The large Luzhniki sports arena, reconstructed for the world championship, will be equipped with modern technologies for ventilation, heating and watering the lawn. When using new technology, all lawn maintenance processes will be controlled automatically. And if any problem arises on any part of the field, it will be detected almost instantly, so the Championship will be held on an ideal field.
The Luzhniki drainage system will be similar to that installed at the Spartak stadium, which will also host matches of the 2018 World Cup. The stands will also be as close as possible to the football field. These changes will allow all fans to have an excellent view of the field from anywhere in the stands. At the same time, all categories of fans will be taken into account - 300 seats will be equipped for people with disabilities.
The stands will be equipped with 100 corporate luxury boxes, the spectators of which will be served to an improved standard. Also, at least 1,700 seats will be provided for VIP visitors on the main stand, and about 2,000 seats for the press. At this championship, modern systems and information technologies will appear to manage the entire infrastructure: from managing the flow of spectators to food logistics.
Latest security system
Thanks to the reconstruction, the latest security and video surveillance system will be installed at the Luzhniki Sports Complex for the World Cup. More than 1,200 video cameras will allow automatic identification of visitors and service personnel. Using this system, you can perform video facial recognition, control traffic flow, and even determine the identity of the vehicle owner by license plate.
Video cameras will allow you to monitor internal buildings, parking lots, stands, exits and entrances. The movement of any visitor can be tracked throughout the sports complex. Control over potential violators will begin at the stage of purchasing a ticket using a system for reading personal data from a passport and checking it against the “black list”.
By law, potentially dangerous fans may not be allowed to attend sporting events. All visitors will be screened for the presence of prohibited drugs, items and hazardous chemicals. And the access control system will prevent several fans from entering the 2018 World Cup match using one ticket and will compare the person’s real face with his passport.
In addition, at this World Cup, the football goals will be equipped with the latest goal recording system. Several cameras will monitor the goal at once, and communication with the World Cup judge will be carried out using a special bracelet. In addition, two modern international broadcast centers for radio and television will appear on the territory of the sports complex, providing high-quality live broadcasts of World Cup matches.
And the building itself will be equipped with a special room for press conferences, several television studios, an area for express interviews, as well as a presentation studio with a panoramic view of the football field. In addition, a guest service town will appear here. And after the World Cup, the sports complex will be used not only for football competitions, but also for organizing other sporting events or spectacular concerts.
The reconstruction is about to end.
Capacity is less than FIFA originally wanted - 81 thousand people instead of 89
To host the World Cup final, Luzhniki had to accommodate 89 thousand people. But even during the preparation of the reconstruction project, it became clear that without demolishing the stadium it was impossible to achieve such indicators: taking into account the dimensions of the existing arena, all FIFA requirements for the width of a standard spectator seat, areas for media and VIPs, it was realistic to make only 81 thousand seats.
“We even increased the volume of air in the bowl, lowering the field by half a meter - it’s also impossible to go deeper, because there is a river and groundwater nearby,” explained Moscow’s chief architect Sergei Kuznetsov, who designed the updated Luzhniki Stadium.
The mayor's office categorically did not want to demolish Luzhniki, as this would go against the charter for the protection of historical heritage. FIFA eventually lowered the capacity requirements after a letter from Moscow Mayor Sergei Sobyanin to former president of the organization Joseph Blatter and a meeting of FIFA representatives with Sergei Kuznetsov and the head of the Construction Complex, Marat Khusnullin.
The fact that the stadium now has the maximum number of seats is obvious even externally - for example, the first rows of the upper tier hang over the skyboxes, blocking the view of the sky for honorary spectators (the field is perfectly visible, but the view of the sky is considered a big advantage).
Cleansing the appearance
Luzhniki got rid of the nightmarish architectural legacy of the new era: the glazing of the facade is gone forever. “It was glazed in several stages, and the latest version was created specifically for the market, which does not fit into any gates,” noted the chief architect of Moscow, Sergei Kuznetsov. “To make it more convenient for traders and buyers, the entire lower tier was glazed; before that, the upper tier was glazed.”
During the reconstruction, the entire facade was refreshed, in some places the ceramic material was replaced with new one. “As a result, we returned the stadium to its original appearance, in which it was conceived in 1956. Initially, this was the idea for such a Colosseum. And as we know, nothing was glazed in the Colosseum - it’s a cold, unheated arena,” concluded Kuznetsov.
The facade is old, but everything inside is new
While maintaining the façade, Luzhniki was transformed inside. All the old stands and premises were ruthlessly demolished, but in order to build new ones, they had to resort to a complex technological trick. During the reconstruction, the façade was supported by a temporary metal support, as it had previously been attached to the old stands. When the work was completed and the new concrete structure could take the load, the metal support was removed.
Now the stadium does not have, and most likely will not have, treadmills, which greatly impair visibility at football matches. It will no longer be possible to turn Luzhniki into an athletics stadium, because this would require raising the level of the field and thereby significantly reducing the volume of air in the bowl. According to Sergei Kuznetsov, in the current layout of Luzhniki it is impossible to hold athletics tournaments while maintaining the capacity (81 thousand people), and the most realistic forecast (50 thousand seats) will not suit the organizers of the World Championships or the Olympics.
The stands have become not only closer to the field, but also a little steeper. The degree of inclination improved visibility for all spectators: “In the old stadium there were places with limited visibility - not only the football players were far away, but not the entire field was visible because some structures blocked the view. Of the 78 thousand seats, 5 thousand had limited visibility. Now there is not a single place like this,” Kuznetsov is sure. – Even in the cheapest place you can see the scoreboard and the whole game, because this is the main modern principle of stadium construction: you should see and hear the same both in the luxurious VIP area and in the cheapest and highest place behind the goal. Previously, this principle was not observed; it was believed that some tickets were cheaper and some were more expensive. And now we are talking about the level of service, like on an airplane: there is business class, there is economy, but everyone receives the basic service - flying from point A to point B, the rest is service."
The roof has become longer
The only part of Luzhniki that designer Sergei Kuznetsov is still not happy with is the roof. It was built in the mid-nineties and looks too heavy: “The design is not very efficient, there is a lot of metal from which you can build an aircraft carrier,” says Kuznetsov. “But the roof still works and fulfills its function; money was once spent on it.”
That is why the roof weighing 15 thousand tons was not replaced. In 2016, they only laid a new coating of impact-resistant translucent polycarbonate on it - it is believed that this is very reliable protection from any precipitation and sunlight.
But there is still one serious change: the roof has been increased by 11 meters - so as to cover all spectator seats from rain.
“Previously, the roof covered the stands, but not the running track, but now rows of chairs have appeared in the place where the running tracks used to be. Although this is not in FIFA requirements. They allow some places to get rain, but we wanted everyone to be comfortable,” added Kuznetsov.
Media screen on the roof
From a distance, Luzhniki now looks a little like the Bolshoi Ice Palace, which was built for the Olympics in Sochi. All because of the bright media screen on the roof, on which you can display any files - be it static images, videos, or graphics with scores. The creators do not recommend loading full football matches or movies there: since the diodes are located far from each other, the quality will be higher on the TV.
The main function of the media screen is, after all, decoration: “Luzhniki” is located in the lowlands, and around there are higher viewing points – the Lenin Hills, the metro bridge, the third ring is raised high,” noted Sergei Kuznetsov.
An observation deck will be open at the stadium
A huge observation deck will be opened along the perimeter of the Luzhniki roof - according to representatives of the mayor's office, it will be the largest in Europe (length - 900 meters). This is due to the fact that from the roof of Luzhniki there is a view of the city center, the Novodevichy Convent, the Moscow City skyscrapers, Moscow State University. Lomonosov and other beautiful places in Moscow.
The observation deck will be open all the time, and not just on match days. They also promise to open a cafe there.
Alleys with paintings
In the new Luzhniki stadiums, full-fledged thematic alleys will be opened, along which spectators will walk before the matches. For example, one of them is planned to talk about historical events that took place at Luzhniki.
On the other there will be panels with sports paintings - for example, it is planned to place works by the artist Alexander Deineka (his mosaics are at the Mayakovskaya and Novokuznetskaya metro stations, in the foyer of the assembly hall of Moscow State University), a painting by the impressionist Yuri Pimenov “Footballers”, various Soviet propaganda posters .
Exit from the podium
An important feature of the new Luzhniki Stadium is a smooth exit from the stands.
Previously, spectators almost immediately after leaving the sector found themselves on the stairs, and this provoked congestion and forced the administration to create a strict procedure for exiting the stands (to prevent a crush).
Now each fan finds himself in a spacious alley under the stands, the flows are divided into zones - and a full stadium can be vacated within 15 minutes. Previously, at Luzhniki this periodically took more than an hour.
Finally a natural field
Footballers and fans have always not been very fond of the old Luzhniki Stadium because of the artificial turf, which not only made playing difficult, but also did not look very elegant. Now the main stadium of the World Cup has a natural field - all thanks to the fact that a major problem with ventilation has been solved and a complex technological filling has been installed.
“The old stadium didn’t have enough ventilation in the stands - we made them,” Kuznetsov noted. – An artificial lighting system has been installed, there is drainage, a system for root ventilation, watering, and heating. It is absolutely certain that we will not need to change the lawn after each game, and pieces of earth will not fly to the sides in each match. The field is designed comprehensively.”
Park around the stadium
The area around Luzhniki should be transformed according to the model of Moscow parks - for example, the number of shrubs and trees is planned to increase two and a half times, reconstruction of 11 fountains is planned, and 20 thousand square meters of flower beds are planted.
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