Alarm device up omega. Breathing apparatus "omega"
The powder extinguishing firefighting vehicle AP 5000-40 on the KAMAZ-65115 chassis is designed to deliver combat crews, fire-fighting equipment, and a supply of fire extinguishing powder to the fire site.
Model | AP 5000-40 (65115) | ||
Chassis | KAMAZ-65115 | ||
Wheel formula | 6x4 | ||
Diesel engine, rated power, kW/ specific power kW/t |
221/11,6 | ||
Combat crew including driver | 3 | ||
Powder container, cubic meters | 5 | ||
Powder mass, kg | 5000 | ||
Operating air pressure in the tank, MPa | 1 | ||
Stationary fire monitor barrel | LS-S40U | ||
Powder consumption through the monitor, kg/s | 40 | ||
Powder supply range through the fire monitor, m | 40 | ||
Angles of rotation of the fire monitor: horizontal/vertical, degrees | 360/ -15…+75 | ||
Max. speed, km/h | 90 | ||
Overall dimensions, m | 8.94x2.5x3.6 |
Applicability
It is used as an independent combat unit when extinguishing fires at petrochemical, gas, oil refining industries and electrical substations. Can be used in temperate climate areas with annual temperature differences ranging from -45°C to + 40°C on all types of roads.
Design features
- The frame-welded body is made according to a modular design and consists of 3 parts: a front compartment for fire fighting equipment and compressed air cylinders, a container for powder and a compartment for fire fighting equipment.
At the customer's request, the plant can do the following:
- Heating: fuel intakes, fuel lines, fine filter and coarse filter.
- Insulation of the battery compartment.
- Install curtain doors for compartments.
The hinged doors of the compartments are made with telescopic supports for lifting. There are folding steps at the rear of the body. The fire monitor can be located on the roof of the body. Fire-fighting equipment is placed in compartments for easy access and quick removal. Securely secured with special mechanisms, clamps and other fastening elements.
- the presence of a valve equipped with safety and shut-off valves prevents the cylinder from bursting due to excessive heating and eliminates the formation of a jet stream when the valve breaks off;
- a rubber damper on the lower base of the panel protects the cylinder valve from vertical impacts when the device falls;
- The modified AP-2000 lung valve is characterized by increased fire resistance and impact resistance, created using new materials.
Additional features:
- flexible packaging;
- the ability to work in a hose version from low-pressure compressed air supply systems (stationary and mobile) increases the period of protective action almost to “infinity”, which makes it possible to complete complex and labor-intensive work without interruptions for charging or changing cylinders;
- The “quick fill” device is designed to quickly charge the device by bypassing compressed air from a transport cylinder, which makes it possible to provide the operating unit or calculation with the necessary amount of high-pressure air to continue work in the temperature range from minus 40 to + 60 ° C (a standard high-pressure compressor operates in temperature range from +5 to +45°C).
Easy Maintenance:
- the hoses of the air duct system are connected using brackets, which simplifies installation/dismantling of the system;
- the air duct system does not require adjustment and configuration during operation of the device;
- the main components can be disassembled without the use of special tools, which facilitates repairs in the field and significantly reduces the load on the GDZS bases for servicing breathing apparatus;
- the simplicity of the design allows the user to directly determine the cause of the malfunction in the event of an emergency.
Economical:
- the reliability of the air duct system makes it possible not to keep spare parts in stock, which reduces the costs required to maintain the equipment in working condition;
- main components and parts are interchangeable with the components and parts of the device
AP-2000, which makes it possible to carry out repairs and maintenance of AP “Omega” without retraining the GDZS masters; - AP "Omega" can be taken into account together with the AP-2000 device;
- the necessary parts can be easily rearranged from device to device.
Cylinder parameters | Protective action time, min. | Device weight no more than, kg |
||
Type, manufacturer, technical specifications | ||||
Steel (GNPP "SPLAV", "FABER") | 6.8/300kgf/cm 2 | |||
7/300kgf/cm 2 | ||||
Metal composite ("SCI") | 6.8/300kgf/cm 2 | |||
Metal-composite (JSC NPP "Mashtest") | 4/300kgf/cm 2 | |||
Metal composite ("SCI") | 6/300kgf/cm 2 | |||
Metal composite ("SCI") | 4.7/300kgf/cm 2 | |||
Metal composite ("SCI") | 9/300kgf/cm 2 | |||
Metal-composite (NPO Poisk) | 6.8/300kgf/cm 2 |
Composition of a breathing apparatus with compressed air "Omega"
Hoses. The hoses used in the apparatus are characterized by high strength, oil, petrol and frost resistance, as well as resistance to solutions of surfactants. The air hoses are laid in such a way as to completely eliminate accidental breakage during operation and ensure maximum safety. The breathing air supply hose has a tee equipped with two quick-release connections for connecting the main mask and the rescue device mask. The chest location of the tee on one of the shoulder straps distinguishes this device from others with improved ergonomics and a higher level of safety.
Pulmonary demand valve AP-98-7K. The miniature pulmonary valve with a servo drive is made of high-strength plastic, has a bypass and a button to turn off excess pressure. The lung demand valve is mounted on the side of the mask and does not interfere with head tilt. The bypass is turned on and off by turning the handwheel on the body of the lung demand valve, which leaves your hands free during high physical exertion. Pulmonary demand valve AP-2000. Made of high-strength polycarbonate, the body has a multifunctional button to turn off excess pressure/turn on additional air supply (bypass). |
Gearbox. A simple and reliable reducer with a built-in safety valve provides stable reduced pressure throughout the entire service life of the device and does not require adjustments during operation. The hinged mount facilitates the removal/installation of the cylinder(s).
Optional equipment. Possibility of installing a "Quick Fill" device for quickly charging the cylinder with compressed air by bypassing from the transport cylinder
Connecting a rescue device (helmet, lung demand valve, hose) to a breathing apparatus using a quick-release coupling
Installing a communication headset
Installing the welding shield on the mask (only for the "Rapa Seal" mask)
High pressure cylinders and valves. The apparatus uses two types of cylinders: steel made in Russia or Italy and metal composite made in Russia or the USA. All cylinders comply with the requirements of NPB 190-2000. The cylinder valves are made with both a vertical and horizontal handwheel arrangement. The following valve options are available: With a membrane-type safety device designed to protect the cylinder from explosion when the pressure rises above the permissible level due to excessive heating in an emergency, etc.; With a shut-off valve designed to prevent the formation of a jet stream when the valve breaks off; With safety device and shut-off valve.
A breathing apparatus with compressed air is an insulating tank apparatus in which the air supply is stored in cylinders at excess pressure in a compressed state. The breathing apparatus operates according to an open breathing pattern, in which air is drawn in from cylinders for inhalation and exhaled into the atmosphere. The total capacity of the cylinder (with pulmonary ventilation 30 l/min) must provide a conditional protective action time (CPTA) of at least 60 minutes, and the mass of the DASV must be no more than 16 kg with a CPV of 60 min and no more than 17.5 kg with a CPV of 120 min.* - the device is equipped with an adapter for connecting a rescue device;
** - conditional time of protective action with pulmonary ventilation 30 dm 3 / min and ambient temperature 25 ° C;
*** - weight of the equipped apparatus with the front part without a rescue device.
The device is made according to an open (open) circuit with exhalation into the atmosphere and operates as follows: when the valve(s) are opened, high-pressure air flows from the cylinder(s) into the manifold (if any) and the gearbox filter, into the high-pressure cavity A and after reducing the reduced pressure into cavity B. The reducer maintains a constant reduced pressure in cavity B, regardless of changes in pressure in the cylinder(s).
In the event of a malfunction of the gearbox and, as a consequence, an increase in the reduced air pressure in cavity B, the safety valve is activated.
From cavity B of the reducer, air flows through hose 9 to the lung demand valve 17. When the device is equipped with a rescue device, air through adapter 8 flows to connector 18. The rescue device is connected through valve 19.
When inhaling, air from cavity B of the pulmonary valve through the intermediate valve 11 is supplied to cavity D of the mask 14. The air, blowing the glass 13, prevents it from fogging. Next, through the inhalation valves 12, air enters the breathing cavity D.
When you exhale, the inhalation valves close, preventing exhaled air from reaching the glass. To exhale air into the atmosphere, the exhalation valve 16, located in the valve box 15, opens. The spring-loaded exhalation valve allows you to maintain excess pressure in the under-mask space.
This device uses a standard pulmonary valve and gearbox developed by Drager. Therefore, let’s take a look at their design and operating principle. Gearbox "Drager":
Piston;
High pressure cavity;
Capillary fitting;
Alarm device adjustment screw;
Medium pressure hose connection
The reducer is designed to convert high air pressure in a cylinder in the range from 29.4 to 1 MPa to a constant reduced pressure in the range from 0.6 to 0.9 MPa. When the device is equipped with a rescue device, an adapter is installed in the gearbox, with the help of which the air duct line is routed.
The design of the gearbox includes a safety valve, structurally located on the nipple of the low pressure hose in the range from 1.3 to 2.0 MPa.
The pulmonary valve (Fig. 2.1) is designed to automatically supply air for the user to breathe and maintain excess pressure in the submask space.
The lung demand valve is turned on with the first breath and turned off by pressing the off button 7 (red) located on its front part. Additional air supply is carried out by pressing the button for turning on the additional air supply 8 (bypass). Ring 9 is used to seal the connection between the lung demand valve and the panoramic mask.
To avoid damage to the lung demand valve parts, it is strictly prohibited to simultaneously press the buttons to turn off the lung demand valve and the additional air supply.
Rice. 2.1. Device of the lung demand valve "Drager":
1 - fitting; 2 - body; 3 - valve; 4 - lever; 5 - cover; 6 - corner of the medium pressure hose; 7 - release lever spring; 8 - membrane retainer; 9 - membrane; 10 - o-ring; 11 - release lever; 12 - guide clamp; 13 - valve stem; 14 - balancing piston; 15 - spring; 16 - bushing; 17 - medium pressure cavity; 18 - lever
Conclusion on the issue: the purpose, performance characteristics, design and principle of operation of the Basis PTS are considered.
Technical specifications for breathing apparatus
AP "Omega"
Product Specifications:
Breathing apparatus with compressed air with an open breathing cycle AP "Omega" are a means of individual protection of the respiratory organs and vision of personnel of fire departments and emergency rescue units, from the harmful effects of an unbreathable toxic and smoky gas environment when extinguishing fires and conducting emergency rescue operations. (gas rescue) work in buildings, structures and production facilities for various purposes.
AP "Omega" breathing apparatus with a metal-composite air cylinder
and 2 panoramic masks
№ p/p | INDICATOR NAME | INDICATOR VALUE |
1 | Specifications: |
|
Weight of equipped vehicle without rescue device, no more (kg) | 11 kg |
|
Operating air pressure in the cylinder, MPa (kgf/cm2) | 29,4...1,0 (300...10) |
|
The pressure gauge must have a calibration interval of at least years | 2 |
|
The unit of measurement of the pressure gauge scale must be indicated in | MPa |
|
Panoramic mask | PM "Delta" (or equivalent) |
|
Air metal composite cylinder: Capacity, l Working pressure not less than, bar Weight no more, kg Service life not less than, years | BMK 6.8-139-300 (or equivalent) |
|
Device dimensions | 690x330x240 |
|
Time of protective action (with pulmonary ventilation 30 l/min and temperature +25°C), not less, min | 60 |
|
Ambient operating temperature range, not less | from -40°С to +60°С |
|
Excess pressure in the under-mask space of the front part at zero flow, Pa (mm water column) | 300±100(30±10) |
|
Reduced pressure at the outlet of the reducer, MPa (kgf/cm2) | 0,45 – 0,9 (4,5 – 9,0) |
|
Reducer safety valve opening pressure, MPa (kgf/cm2) | 1,1 – 1,8 (11 – 18) |
|
Actuation pressure of the sound alarm device, MPa (kgf/cm2) | 5,0 - 6,0 (50 – 60) |
|
Actual breathing resistance during exhalation, during the entire time of protective action with pulmonary ventilation 30 l/min, no more, Pa (mm water column) | 350 (35) |
|
Number of loading (filling) cycles of the apparatus cylinder between zero and operating pressure, not less | 5000 |
|
Gearbox service life, without re-examination, not less | 10 |
|
Service life of the front parts of the device, not less | 10 |
|
Service life (operation) of the device, not less than years | 10 |
Mandatory requirements:
Air breathing apparatus must comply with the requirements of GOST R 53255-2009 “Fire fighting equipment. Breathing apparatus with compressed air with an open breathing cycle. General technical requirements. Test methods".
The device and its components subject to certification must have appropriate certificates.
The device must have permission from ROSTEKHNADZOR for use.
The device must have a suspension system in the form of an anatomical plastic
base, padded shoulder straps with buckles and a waist belt with a buckle (soft waist pad and chest strap, ensuring comfortable and convenient wearing of the device). The following must be attached to the base: a reducer with a threaded handwheel, high and reduced pressure hoses, and a belt for attaching the cylinder. The connector for connecting the rescue device, included as standard, should be located on the left shoulder strap, at the level of the user’s chest.
The documentation for the device must not contain any routine replacement of any parts during its entire service life.
The reduced pressure hose must have a tee equipped with two quick-release locks for connecting the main lung demand valve and the rescue device. The tee should be positioned in front at the user's chest level.
High and reduced pressure hoses must have a quick-release clamp connection to the reducer.
The warning device with pressure gauge should be located in front at the user's chest level.
The balloon valve must have a side-mounted handwheel and a rubber protective bearing.
The design of the reducer should exclude the possibility of any adjustments to set the reduced pressure parameters during operation. The gearbox must be disassembled into its component parts manually, without the use of tools.
The design of the gearbox must prevent direct influence of the external environment on the internal parts and the safety valve.
The design of the lung demand valve should exclude the possibility of any adjustments to set excess pressure parameters during operation. Replacing the lung valve membrane must be done manually, without the use of tools.
The design and mounting of the lung demand valve should provide the widest possible view to the user. Controlling the functions of the lung demand valve, disconnecting and connecting to the mask should be done with one hand, equally convenient for both left and right.
The actuation pressure of the alarm device should be easily adjusted using a standard, non-special tool.
The sound signal, when the alarm device is activated, must sound continuously until the air has completely drained from the cylinder.
The panoramic mask must have a front threaded connector with a 45x3 thread for connecting a lung demand valve, an intercom and an exhalation valve located in the front of the valve box.
An air metal-composite cylinder must be a multi-layer vessel, the inner shells of which (liners) must be made of corrosion-resistant steel (stainless steel), and the power shell must be made of a composite material. The material of the power shell must be made of carbon fiber, the cylinder must be certified as part of the breathing apparatus used
The device must be equipped with a system that prevents the flywheel of the gearbox from unwinding, in the connection between the gearbox and the cylinder.
The valve of the cylinder installed on the back of the breathing apparatus must not protrude beyond the dimensions of the breathing apparatus.
Metal parts of the device must be protected from corrosion by protective or protective-decorative coatings in accordance with GOST 9.032, GOST 9.301, GOST 9.302.
The scope of delivery of each breathing apparatus must include:
hanging system - 1 unit,
cylinder with valve - 1 unit,
reserve cylinder with valve - 1 unit,
reducer with safety valve - 1 unit,
lung demand valve with air hose - 1 unit,
additional air supply device (bypass) - 1 unit,
sound signaling device - 1 unit,
pressure gauge for monitoring air pressure in the cylinder with arrow indication of readings - 1 unit,
front part with intercom and exhalation valve – 2 units,
bag for the main front part - 2 units,
protective cover for the cylinder - for each cylinder,
quick-release connection for connecting a rescue device or mechanical ventilation device - 1 unit,
threaded cylinder valve plug - for each cylinder,
operational documentation for the device (operating manual and passport) - for each device, in Russian,
operational documentation for the cylinder (operation manual and passport, technical inspection instructions) - for each cylinder, in Russian,
passport for the pressure gauge for monitoring the air pressure in the cylinder - for each pressure gauge of the device, in Russian,
operating instructions for the front part - for each mask, in Russian.
The complete set of delivery of breathing apparatus must include:
current Certificates of compliance with the requirements of the Technical Regulations in the field of fire safety, issued by the Certification Body "Pozhtest" of the FGU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia or the Academy of the State Fire Service of the EMERCOM of Russia (decision of the Certification Body to confirm the validity of this certificate) - certified copies.
Current Certificates of Compliance with GOST requirements - certified copies.
Current sanitary and epidemiological conclusions of the Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision authorities - certified copies.
The warranty period for the Product is 18 months from the date of commissioning, but not more than 24 months from the date of purchase.
Scope of delivery – 18 pieces.
Requirements for the timing and (or) scope of providing product quality guarantees
The Product supplied must be new. Delivery of used Products is not permitted.
Each unit of transport container in which breathing apparatus with compressed air with an open breathing cycle is supplied must be marked with the following indication:
country and manufacturer;
names;
storage temperature range;
dates of manufacture;
gross and net weights;
batch numbers;
number of seats in the party;
regulatory and technical document.
During the warranty period of the product, in cases where it is revealed that it does not meet the proper quality or its defect is determined during the operation of the product, which does not allow the product to be used for its intended purpose, the latter must be replaced with a similar product by the Supplier at its own expense.
General information
Powder extinguishing fire trucks designed to extinguish fires at chemical and oil refining industries, gas and oil production facilities, as well as at nuclear power plants, electrical substations and airports.When using them, it should be taken into account that the operating time of powder installations is short and that the maximum
Fire area
Fire area– area of projection of the combustion zone onto a horizontal or vertical plane
There are special requirements for powder extinguishing agents. The powder installation is mounted on a car chassis, usually off-road. Chassis parameters are selected depending on the mass of the transported fire safety equipment. The main element of a powder installation is a vessel for storing powder. A neck is provided in the upper part of the vessel for technical inspection and for non-mechanized loading with powder. At the bottom of the vessel there is a hatch for removing powder residues. The vessels are equipped with shut-off and start-up and safety valves.
Construction of automotive powder plants
Usually ranges from 20 to 60 m. Powder can be supplied to the fire through monitors or along hoses through hand guns. Monitors provide flow rates from 20 to 100 kg/s. They rotate in the horizontal plane 360° and in the vertical plane within the range from -15 to +75°. Hand barrels have consumption powder no more than 5 kg/s. Their number, as a rule, is at least 2. It is advisable to store trunks and hose lines in body compartments
Fire trucks
Fire truck- operational vehicles based on automobile chassis, equipped with fire-technical weapons, equipment used in fire and rescue operations.
The operation of fire truck powder installations is based on pneumatic displacement of powder from a vessel through pipelines or hose lines. In this case, the powder is transferred to a fluidized state, i.e. acquires fluidity and the ability to be transported through pipelines and hoses. The gas-powder mixture flowing under pressure is formed in the form of a powder jet directed at the source of the fire.
Depending on the method of preparing the powder for transportation, powder extinguishing installations used at PA can be divided into the following types:
- With fluidization of the powder and continuous supply of compressed gas into the vessel through a porous element (air-bottom).
- With fluidization of the powder and continuous supply of compressed gas into the vessel through nozzles.
- With combined storage of powder and compressed gas in a vessel (injection type installations).
Installations of the second type ( rice. 2) in terms of the mode of introducing gas into the vessel are similar to the first type and differ only in the devices for fluidizing the powder, which are nozzles.
The nozzle method of supplying gas to a vessel has become the most widely used in the creation of PA powder extinguishing systems both in our country and abroad.
In installations of the third type ( rice. 3) powder and compressed gas are contained in the same high-pressure vessel. When a powder plant operates, powder flows out under variable pressure.
Let us consider the operating principle of powder installations of the first and second types using the example of a schematic diagram of a powder installation of the first type (see. rice. 1). Compressed gas is stored in cylinders under high pressure of 15 - 20 MPa. After opening the cylinder valves, the compressed gas enters the reducer, where its pressure is reduced to operating pressure, and then under the porous element into the powder storage vessel. Through the aerial bottom, compressed gas passes through the powder layer in separate scattered streams and transfers it to a fluidized state. When operating pressure is reached, the installation is ready for operation. After this, the ball valves are opened and the powder is supplied to the monitor or manual barrel. After extinguishing the fire, close the powder supply ball valves and purge the hose lines of powder residues. To do this, the purge valves are opened and the hose lines and pipelines are purged with compressed gas to remove powder residues, preventing it from caking.
The second type of powder installation works in a similar way. Only in this case the gas enters the working vessel through the nozzles.
The operating principle of the third type of powder plant differs from the other two. Compressed air and powder weighing 5000 kg are stored in a vessel under high pressure, for example 3.2 MPa. Sometimes, due to a leak in the installation, a decrease in air pressure in the vessel occurs. As soon as the pressure drops to 2.8 MPa, the pressure sensor sends a signal to the automation unit, which turns on the small-sized compressor. The compressor brings the air pressure in the vessel to 3.2 MPa and turns off. During combat duty of a fire truck, a small-sized compressor of a powder plant is constantly connected to the electrical network via a quick-release connection. When the powder supply ball valve is opened, high pressure pushes out the first portion of powder and the gas-powder mixture expands in the vessel. As a result of the operation of the powder installation, the gas-powder mixture flows out under variable pressure. After the powder supply is completed, the hose lines are purged with air taken from the top of the powder installation vessel.
Installations of the first type were used in the design of powder extinguishing systems AP - 3 (130) - 148A and AP-5 (23213) - 196. The operating pressure in the vessels was 0.4 MPa.
The installation of the second type was used in the design of the AP-5000-40(53213)PM-567 PA. The installation diagram is shown in rice. 4. The diagram shows one powder vessel out of three available. The powder installation works as follows. Compressed gas stored in cylinders 1 under high pressure, after opening the shut-off valves it flows to the pressure gauge 4 , reduction gear 17 and then through an open tap 15 and injectors 13 into a vessel with fire extinguishing powder. Passing through the nozzle holes, the compressed gas transforms the powder into a fluidized state. After reaching the operating pressure in the vessel, the OPS can be supplied to the source of the fire using a fire monitor 8 and hand barrels 12 , which form powder jets. The purging of pipelines and hose lines from powder residues is carried out with compressed gas remaining in the cylinders after operation of the installation. At the same time, the taps are closed 7 And 10 and the taps open 14 . The gas remaining in the vessel after operation of the installation is released into the atmosphere through a tap 16 . The same valve is used for releasing gas during periodic loosening of the powder. Tap 2 used for charging a battery of cylinders with compressed gas.
Periodic checks of the strength and tightness of powder installations (vessels, pipelines) are carried out in accordance with the “Rules for the design and safe operation of pressure vessels.” Loading of powder vessels can be done mechanically or manually through a neck with an installed mesh.