Presentation of a grenade for the Russian army. Hand grenades
TRAINING QUESTIONS: 1) Purpose, combat properties and design of the hand-held fragmentation grenade RGD-5 (Purpose and combat properties of the grenade. Design of the grenade. Operation of the parts and mechanisms of the grenade.); 2) Purpose, combat properties and design of the F-1 hand fragmentation grenade. (Purpose and combat properties of a grenade. Design of a grenade.); 3) Handling, caring for and saving pomegranates.
Purpose, combat properties and design of the RGD-5 hand fragmentation grenade Hand fragmentation grenades (Fig.) are intended to destroy enemy personnel with shrapnel in close combat (during an attack, in trenches, shelters, populated areas, in the forest, in the mountains, etc. .). Rice. General view of hand fragmentation grenades: a - RGD-5: b - RG-42; c - F-1. The army of Kazakhstan is armed with: - RGD-5 hand grenade; - hand grenade RG-42; - F-1 hand grenade.
The RGD-5 remote-action hand-held fragmentation grenade is designed to destroy enemy personnel on the offensive and in defense. Throwing a grenade is carried out from various positions when operating on foot and on an armored personnel carrier (vehicle). The radius of dispersion of lethal fragments of the fan is about 25 m. The average throwing range of a grenade is m. The mass of the equipped fan is 310 g. The burning time of the fuse moderator is 3.2 - 4.2 s.
The RGD-5 hand fragmentation grenade (fig.) consists of a body with a tube for a fuse, a bursting charge, etc. fuse. The body of the fan is designed to accommodate a bursting charge, a tube for the fuse, and also to collect fragments in the event of an explosion of the fan. It consists of two parts - upper and lower.
The upper part of the body consists of an outer shell, called a cap, and a cap liner. An igniter tube is attached to the upper part using a cuff. The tube serves to connect the fuse to the fan and to seal the bursting charge in the housing. To protect the tube from contamination, a plastic plug is screwed into it. When preparing a grenade for throwing, instead of a plug, a fuse is screwed into the tube. The lower part of the housing consists of an outer shell, called the pan, and a pan liner.
The explosive charge fills the body and serves to break the grenade into fragments. The UZRGM grenade fuse (modernized unified hand grenade fuse) is intended to explode the explosive charge (Fig.). It consists of a striking mechanism and the fuse itself.
Rice. Device of a manual fragmentation fan RGD-5: 1 - body; 2 - bursting charge; 3 - cap; 4 - cap liner; 5-tube for igniter; 6 - cuff; 7 - fuse; 8 - pallet; 9 - tray liner. Rice. UZRGM grenade fuse: a - general view; b - in section; 1-fuse; 2-impact mechanism; 3 - safety pin; 4 - impact mechanism tube; 5 - mainspring; 6 - striker washer; 7 - connecting sleeve; 8 - moderator; 9 - detonator capsule; 10 – guide washer; 11 – drummer; 12 - igniter primer; 13 - retarder bushing; 14 – release lever.
The mainspring serves to provide the striker with the energy necessary to puncture the igniter primer. It is put on the striker and its upper end rests against the guide washer, and its lower end against the striker washer. The firing pin (Fig.) serves to puncture and ignite the igniter capsule. It is placed inside the impact tube. The firing pin washer is placed on the lower end of the firing pin and serves as a stop for the lower end of the mainspring.
The trigger lever (Fig.) holds the firing pin in the cocked position (the mainspring is compressed). The trigger lever is held on the hammer tube by a safety pin. The safety pin (Fig.) passes through the holes in the eye of the trigger lever and the walls of the impact mechanism tube and has a ring for pulling out.
The fuse (Fig.) serves to explode the explosive charge of the grenade. It consists of a retarder sleeve, a primer-igniter, a retarder and a primer-detonator. The moderator sleeve in the upper part has a thread for connection with the percussion mechanism tube and a socket for the igniter capsule, inside there is a channel in which the moderator is placed, and on the outside there is a groove for attaching the detonator capsule sleeve. The igniter primer is designed to ignite the moderator.
The retarder transmits a beam of fire from the igniter primer to the detonator primer. It consists of pressurized gas. The detonator capsule is used to explode the explosive charge of the grenade. It is placed in a sleeve fixed to the bottom of the retarder bushing. The fuses are always in a firing position. It is strictly prohibited to disassemble fuses and check the operation of the striking mechanism.
Operation of parts and mechanisms of a grenade Before throwing a grenade, you need to unscrew the plug from the tube and screw the fuse in its place until it stops. The parts of the firing mechanism of the fuse are in the following position: the firing pin is cocked and held in the upper position by the fork of the trigger lever connected to the firing mechanism tube by a safety pin; the ends of the safety pin are spread apart and firmly hold it in the fuse. When throwing a grenade, the grenade is taken in the hand so that the trigger lever is pressed against its body with the fingers. Without releasing the lever, the safety pin is pulled out and the grenade is thrown at the target. After the pin is pulled out, the position of the fuse parts does not change; the firing pin is held in the cocked position by the trigger lever, which is released from the connection with the firing mechanism tube, but is pressed against it with the fingers.
At the moment the grenade is thrown, the trigger lever separates from it and releases the firing pin, which, under the influence of the mainspring, strikes (pricks) the igniter primer and ignites it. The beam of fire from the igniter primer ignites the moderator (the remote part of the fuse) and, after passing through it, is transmitted to the detonator primer. The detonator cap explodes and detonates the explosive charge of the fans. The body of the grenade bursts, and fragments of the body and fuse fly in different directions.
The RG-42 remote-action hand-held fragmentation grenade is designed to destroy enemy personnel in offensive and defensive situations. Throwing a grenade is carried out from various positions when moving on foot and on an armored personnel carrier (vehicle). The radius of dispersion of lethal fragments during a grenade explosion is about 25 m. The average throwing range of a grenade is 3040 m. The mass of the equipped fan is 420 g. The burning time of the fuse moderator is 3.24.2 s.
The RG-42 hand fragmentation grenade (Fig.) consists of a body with a fuse tube, a metal strip, a bursting charge and a fuse. The housing is designed to accommodate a bursting charge, a metal strip, a fuse tube, and also for fragments from a grenade explosion. The body is cylindrical, has a bottom and a lid. A tube with a flange is attached to the lid. When storing and carrying the grenade, the tube is closed with a plastic plug or metal cap. The metal tape serves to form fragments when a grenade explodes; it is rolled into 3-4 layers inside the body. To increase the number of fragments, the surface of the tape is cut into squares. The explosive charge fills the body and serves to break the fans into fragments. The fuse of the UZRGM grenade (see figure) is intended to explode the explosive charge of the fans.
Purpose, combat properties and design of the F-1 hand-held fragmentation grenade The F-1 hand-held fragmentation grenade is a remote-action hand-held fragmentation grenade, designed to destroy manpower primarily in defensive combat. You can throw a grenade from various positions and only from behind cover, from an armored personnel carrier or a tank (self-propelled artillery unit). The radius of dispersion of lethal fragments during a grenade explosion is about 200 m. The average throw range of a grenade is m. The weight of a loaded grenade is 600 g. The burning time of the fuse moderator is 3.2 -4.2 s.
Grenade structure: F-1 hand fragmentation grenade (fig.) consists of a body, explosive charge and fuse. The housing is designed to accommodate the explosive charge and fuse, as well as to form fragments when a grenade explodes. The body of the grenade is cast iron with longitudinal and transverse grooves, along which the grenade usually breaks into fragments. In the upper part of the body there is a threaded hole for screwing in the fuse. When storing, transporting and carrying the grenade, a plastic plug is screwed into this hole. The explosive charge fills the body and serves to break the grenade into fragments. The fuse of the UZRGM grenade (see Fig. 74) is intended to explode the explosive charge of the grenade.
Handling, caring for and preserving grenades Grenades are delivered to the troops in wooden boxes, with fans, handles and fuses placed separately in metal boxes. There is a knife for opening boxes. There are markings on the walls and lid of the box that indicate: the number of fans in the box, their mass, the name of the fans and fuses, the manufacturer's number, the batch number of the fans, the year of manufacture and the danger sign. All supplies of grenades and fuses, except for portable ones, must be stored in their original packaging. Soldiers carry grenades in special bags (Fig.). The fuses are placed in them separately from the grenades, and each fuse must be wrapped in paper or a clean rag. In tanks (armored personnel carriers, self-propelled artillery units), grenades and fuses separately from them are placed in bags.
Fans and fuses are inspected before being placed in the bag and before loading. When inspecting, you need to pay attention to the fact that the grenade body does not have deep dents or rust; the igniter tube was not clogged and had no through damage; the fuse was clean and free of rust and dents; the ends of the safety pin were spread apart and had no cracks at the bends. Fuses with cracks or with a green coating are not suitable for use.
It is necessary to protect grenades and fuses from strong shocks, impacts, fire, dirt and dampness. If the pomegranates have been dirty or wet, then at the first opportunity they should be thoroughly wiped and dried in the sun or in a warm room, but not near a fire. Drying pomegranates must be done under supervision. Grenades stored in bags for a long time should be inspected periodically. Defective grenades and fuses are sent to a warehouse for destruction. Loading a grenade (inserting the fuse) is permitted only before throwing it.
Live grenades are issued only to soldiers trained in their use. It is prohibited to disassemble live grenades and troubleshoot them, carry grenades outside of bags (hanging by the safety pin ring), and also touch unexploded grenades. To study the structure of grenades, techniques and rules for throwing them, they use training, training and simulation grenades and posters. Soldiers who have successfully completed exercises in throwing training and training-imitation grenades are allowed to throw combat grenades.
When learning to throw live grenades, the following precautions must be observed: 1) trainees must wear steel helmets; 2) before loading, inspect the grenades and fuses; in case of detection of malfunctions, report to the commander; 3) throwing defensive fragmentation and anti-tank grenades from a trench or from behind cover not penetrated by fragments, under the direction of an officer; 4) when one trainee throws several, throw each subsequent grenade no less than 5 s after the explosion of the previous one;
5) if the grenade was not thrown (the safety pin was not removed), then it can only be discharged upon command and under the direct supervision of the commander; 6) keep a record of unexploded grenades and mark the places where they fell with red flags; at the end of throwing, destroy unexploded grenades by detonation at the place of impact in accordance with the rules set out in the Guidelines for the storage and conservation of artillery weapons and ammunition in the military; the detonation of grenades (fuses) is organized by the unit commander;
7) cordon off the area where hand grenades are thrown within a radius of at least 300 m; 8) personnel not engaged in throwing grenades should be withdrawn to cover or to a safe distance from the firing line (no closer than 350 m); 9) the starting position for throwing grenades is marked with white flags, the firing line with red flags; 10) set up a point for issuing grenades and fuses in a shelter no closer than 25 m from the original position.
Questions and tasks: 1. What do you know about handling pomegranates and ways to save them? 2. What is the purpose and what are the combat properties of the RGD-5 and F-1 hand fragmentation grenades 3. What is the design of the RGD-5 hand fragmentation grenade? 4. What is the design of the UZRGM fuse? 5. What are the features of the F-1 hand fragmentation grenade? 6. Tell us about the purpose and combat properties of the F grenade. What is the RG-42 hand fragmentation grenade intended for? 8. Tell us about the design and combat properties of the RG hand fragmentation grenade. What is the RGD-5 hand fragmentation grenade intended for? 10. What types of hand grenades are in service with the army of the Republic of Kazakhstan? 11. Tell us about the structure and combat properties of the RGD hand-held fragmentation grenade. How do the parts and mechanisms of the ganata operate when it is thrown?
Performed :
student of 2nd "B" grade
MBOU Secondary School No. 70, Lipetsk
Kunaeva Sofia
Teacher: Chernikova E.N.
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It hangs on a branch and looks like an apple,
But red as a lobster and thick-skinned as an ox, -
And full to the top of ruby beads -
Transparent and juicy, and sweet in taste.
(magazine "Murzilka", 1987, No. 2)
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Pomegranate - stone and pomegranate - fruit: are there any similarities?
Is a pomegranate a fruit or a berry?
How many seeds are in a pomegranate?
What is healthier: pomegranate or pomegranate juice?
Why is pomegranate the king of all fruits?
Do pomegranates grow on the windowsill?
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- Pomegranate – a round, granular, dark red fruit with numerous seeds.
(S.I.Ozhegov, N.Yu.Shvedova Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language)
- Pomegranate – mineral, transparent gemstone of dark red color.
(S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language.)
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Garnet Garnet
Words, identical in sound and spelling, But different in meaning – words - homonyms
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Garnet stone its shape and color are similar to faceted grains in pomegranate fruits.
The stone probably got its name for its resemblance to the pomegranate fruit .
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In everyday life and cooking, pomegranate is considered fruit , because it tastes sweet, like apple, banana, pear.
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From a scientific point of view, pomegranate - This Not fruit, A fetus
Fetus is the part of a plant that develops from a flower and contains seeds.
Pomegranate - a large, round, sweet and sour berry with juicy seeds and a thin peel.
Pomegranate is a juicy fruit:
berry-shaped. Pomegranate fruit - pomegranate.
Pomegranate fruit – variety of berries , but not a berry!
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- Pomegranate is grown almost all over the world.
- In Russia - in the Caucasus, in Crimea - throughout the southern zone.
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- The first mention of pomegranate is found in Bible .
- The Greeks composed legends and myths about the pomegranate, calling it "grainy apple"
- Romans – "Punic or Carthaginian apple" because the best were considered to be the grenades from Carthage, whose inhabitants were called Punes.
- An image of a pomegranate was even found in the Egyptian pyramids.
- Pomegranate is known to people more 5 thousand years!
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- Pomegranates grow on low trees
(from 2 to 4 m tall!
- Pomegranate tree branches have thorns!
- Fruits - pomegranates - appear only in 6-7 years!
- The pomegranate tree usually lives 50-70 years, and some trees live up to 300 years!
- At the same time, you can see both fruits and flowers on a pomegranate tree.
- Pomegranate blooms with beautiful red flowers!
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- An ancient legend says that there are exactly 365 seeds in a pomegranate - the number of days in a year.
- However, a ripe fruit can have a thousand or even more seeds!
- Inside the fruit, the grains are arranged in 2 floors: on the top floor there are 2 seed nests, on the bottom – from 5 to 9!
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Contains vitamins A, B, C, E, iron, potassium, iodine.
Improves appetite, reduces fever, strengthens the immune system, and helps fight sore throat.
Quenches thirst, refreshes; used in folk medicine and cosmetology.
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- Pomegranate is healthier than store-bought pomegranate juice!
- Pomegranate juice contains more vitamins than other fruit juices.
- Children who often consume pomegranate are distinguished by their quick wit and intelligence.
- Pomegranate is used to make jelly, marshmallows, sauces, drinks, and added to baked goods, salads, and meat dishes.
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- Indoor pomegranate is an unpretentious plant from 30cm to 1m in height.
- The fruits are from 3 to 8 cm in diameter and are edible.
- Common pomegranate and dwarf pomegranate are grown at home.
- Propagated by seeds and cuttings.
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- The top of the pomegranate is decorated with sepals resembling a royal crown.
- Pomegranate is one of the most ancient fruits known to man.
- The main value of pomegranate is its amazing taste and beneficial properties.
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- A pot full of carnations . (Tajik)
- Small stove with red coals . (Armenian)
- I bought one at the market, opened it at home - it turned out - a thousand . (Armenian)
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Türkiye
Jerusalem
Azerbaijan
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I know everything now, guys:
The benefits, even the harm, of pomegranate...
I love the taste of pomegranate
I drink pomegranate juice often!
Don't forget about this fruit
Strengthen their health!
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- Encyclopedias “Everything about everything”, “I want to know everything”
- S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language.
- Internet resources : povarenok.ru , stranamasterov.ru , wikipedia.org.ru, detskiy sad.ru, gardenia.ru and others.
- Cartoon "The Tale of the Magic Pomegranate", 1982.
- “The Wonderful Pomegranate” (Algerian fairy tale, retold by E. Egoshkin)
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Class: 10
Presentation for the lesson
Back forward
Attention! Slide previews are for informational purposes only and may not represent all the features of the presentation. If you are interested in this work, please download the full version.
Target:
- Explain to students what hand grenades are intended for, talk about their structure and combat properties.
- Develop knowledge of weapons and the ability to use them.
- Cultivate attentiveness, caution and ingenuity.
Time: 40 minutes.
Place: life safety class.
Method: lecture, show presentation.
Benefits: computer, multimedia projector, screen, mock-ups of RGD-5 and F-1 grenades, UZRGM training fuse, fire training posters.
Literature: textbook on life safety, grade 10 (M.P. Frolov, E.N. Litvinov, A.T. Smirnov.) 2010. Life safety lesson developments, grade 10 (A.T. Smirnov, B.O. Khrennikov).
During the classes
Introductory part – 5 minutes.
- Constructing and checking students according to the list;
- General issues;
- Study questions:
- The history of the creation of grenades.
- Types of grenades.
- The purpose of hand fragmentation grenades and their combat properties.
- Design of hand fragmentation grenades of the Russian Armed Forces.
- Device of UZRGM and UDS.
The main part is 32 minutes.
I. The history of the creation of grenades.
Grana (Spanish Granada - grenade) is an explosive ammunition designed to destroy enemy personnel and equipment using hand throwing.
The name comes from the name of the pomegranate fruit, since early types of pomegranates were similar in shape and size to the fruit and by analogy with the grains located inside the fruit and the flying fragments of the pomegranate.
The prototype of hand grenades were clay vessels with lime or incendiary mixture, which were used since the 9th century. The first grenades were also made primarily from clay; the effectiveness of these weapons in terms of causing damage is highly questionable. Rather, the result of their use was the demoralization of the enemy - in those days, combat formations were very dense, so a grenade thrown at the enemy forced soldiers to break formation, scatter in panic, push/trample/drop each other, disrupting the advancement and maneuvering of units with these evolutions.
In 1405, Konrad Kaiser von Eichstadt proposed casting projectile bodies from cast iron and making a cavity in the gunpowder projectile, which increased the likelihood of the body breaking into fragments.
Grenades began to be actively used in field battles in the 17th century. In 1667, the English troops were assigned soldiers (4 people per company) specifically to throw projectiles. These fighters were called “ grenadiers" Only soldiers with excellent physical shape and training could become them. After all, the taller the soldier and the stronger, the farther he can throw a grenade. Following the example of the British, this type of weapon was introduced into the armies of almost all states.
Germany was the first to realize that grenades had a great future, and launched their mass production before the start of World War I. Famous F1- “limon” was made by the French in 1914 (the inventor was engineer Lemon), and by 15-16. Almost all countries participating in the war again put grenade production on stream. The division of projectiles into offensive and defensive ones occurred during the period of “quiet”, between World Wars I and II.
II. Types of grenades.
According to their purpose, grenades are divided into:
- primary purpose (intended to directly defeat the enemy):
- anti-tank (high explosive, cumulative)
- anti-personnel (fragmentation, high-explosive fragmentation, high-explosive)
- incendiary
- special purpose:
- smoke
- lighting
- signaling
- gas
- and others
- training (have the shape and weight of a combat grenade)
Among the hand anti-personnel grenades are:
defensive grenades with a large damage radius (greater explosive power, quantity, quality and range of fragments). Defensive grenades should only be used from behind cover, otherwise they are dangerous for the grenade launcher himself. A typical defensive grenade is F-1, RGO.
offensive (small explosive charge, scattering of fragments and damaging effect). The radius of attack of offensive grenades is guaranteed to be less than the average range of a hand throw, so they can be used while in open space. Offensive ones include RGD-5, RGN.
III. The purpose of hand fragmentation grenades and their combat properties.
Hand fragmentation grenades are designed to destroy enemy personnel with shrapnel in close combat (in open areas, in trenches or communication passages, when fighting in a populated area, in a forest or mountains). Depending on the range of scattering of fragments, grenades are divided into offensive (RGD-5, RGN) and defensive (F-1, RGO).
Hand fragmentation grenades are equipped with UZRGM (modernized unified hand grenade fuse) and UDZ (impact-remote fuse) fuses.
No. | characteristics | Unit | grenades | |||
RGD-5 | F1 | RGN | RGO | |||
1 | Grenade type | Advance | Defense | Advance | Defense | |
2 | Loaded grenade weight | G. | 310 | 600 | 310 | 530 |
3 | Mass of bursting charge | G. | 60 | 75 | 114 | 92 |
4 | Dispersion radius of lethal fragments | M | 25 | 200 | 24 | 150 |
5 | Radius of the zone of effective destruction of manpower | M | 5 | 7 | 8 | 12 |
6 | Average grenade throw range | M. | 30-45 | 20-40 | 30-45 | 20-40 |
7 | Grenade fuse | UZRGM | UZRGM | UDS | UDS | |
8 | Ignition retarder burning time | WITH. | 3,2-4,2 | 3,2-4,2 | 3,3-4,3 | 3,3-4,3 |
IV. Design of hand fragmentation grenades of the Russian Armed Forces.
The RGD-5 hand fragmentation grenade consists of a body with a tube for a fuse, a bursting charge and a fuse.
The body of the grenade serves to house the explosive charge, the fuse tube, and also to form fragments when the grenade explodes. It consists of two parts - upper and lower.
The upper part of the body consists of an outer shell, called a cap, and a cap liner. An igniter tube is attached to the upper part using a cuff. The tube serves to attach the fuse to the grenade and to seal the explosive charge in the body. To protect the tube from contamination, a plastic plug is screwed into it. When preparing a grenade for throwing, instead of a plug, a fuse is screwed into the tube.
The lower part of the housing consists of an outer shell, called the pan, and a pan liner. The explosive charge fills the body and serves to break the grenade into fragments.
The F-1 hand fragmentation grenade consists of a body, an explosive charge and a fuse.
The body of the grenade serves to house the explosive charge and fuse, as well as to form fragments when the grenade explodes. The grenade body is cast iron, with longitudinal and transverse grooves. In the upper part of the body there is a threaded hole for screwing in the fuse.
When storing, transporting and carrying the grenade, a plastic plug is screwed into this hole.
The explosive charge fills the body and serves to break the grenade into fragments.
1 – glass with cuff
2 – upper hemisphere
3 - lower hemisphere
1 – glass with cuff
2 – upper outer and inner hemispheres
3 - lower outer and inner hemispheres
V. Device of UZRGM and UDS.
The UZRGM grenade fuse (modernized unified hand grenade fuse) is intended to explode a bursting charge.
It consists of a striking mechanism and the fuse itself:
Impact mechanism:
1 – impact mechanism tube
3 – mainspring
4 – drummer
5 – striker washer
6 – release lever
7 – safety pin with ring
8 – connecting sleeve
9 – primer – igniter
10 – retarder bushing
11 – moderator
12 – capsule – detonator
Slide No. 10
In official use, the striker is constantly cocked and held by the trigger lever fork. The trigger lever is connected to the percussion mechanism tube by a safety pin. Before throwing a grenade, the plastic plug is turned out and the fuse is screwed in its place.
When throwing a grenade, take it in your hand so that the trigger lever is pressed with your fingers against the body of the grenade. Continuing to press the trigger lever tightly, with your free hand you compress (straighten) the ends of the safety pin, which is pulled out of the fuse by the ring with your finger. After pulling the pin, the position of the fuse parts does not change. At the moment the grenade is thrown, the trigger lever separates and releases the firing pin. The firing pin, under the action of the mainspring, pierces the igniter capsule. A beam of fire from the primer ignites the moderator and, after passing through it, is transmitted to the detonator primer. The explosion of the detonator capsule initiates the detonation of the explosive charge. The explosion of the explosive charge crushes the grenade body into fragments.
Impact-remote fuse UDZ
Puncture-safety mechanism
2 – release lever
3 – striker with sting
4 – mainspring
5 – ring with pin
6 – bar
7 – plug
8 – primer – igniter
Long-range cocking mechanism
9 – powder fuses
10 – primer – igniter
11 – engine
12 – spring
Target sensor
13 – sting
14 – spring
15 – sleeve
16 – bushing
17 – cargo
Self-liquidator mechanism
18 – moderator
19 – capsule – detonator
Detonation unit
20 - capsule - detonator
Slide No. 11
Operation of parts and mechanisms after throwing RGD-5 and F-1 grenades
At the moment the grenade is thrown, the trigger lever separates from the grenade and releases the firing pin. The firing pin, under the action of the mainspring, strikes (pricks) the igniter primer and ignites it. The beam of fire from the igniter primer ignites the moderator (the remote part of the fuse) and, after passing through it, is transmitted to the detonator primer.
The detonator cap explodes and detonates the explosive charge of the grenade. The body of the grenade bursts, and fragments of the body and fuse fly in different directions.
Slide No. 12
Interaction of parts and mechanisms of RGN and RGO.
Initial position
In the initial position, the striker with the sting (3) and the plug with the igniter primer (7) are held by the trigger lever. The trigger lever is connected to the igniter body by a safety pin. The engine (11) with the igniter primer (10) is offset relative to the tip (13) and is held by the powder fuses stoppers (9), its spring (12) is in a compressed state. The bushing (16) under the influence of the spring (14) presses the load (17).
Position of parts and mechanisms in official circulation
When preparing a grenade for throwing, the trigger lever is pressed tightly with your fingers to the body of the grenade, the ends of the safety pin are straightened with the fingers of your free hand, then it is pulled out by the ring, while the position of the fuse parts does not change. At the moment the grenade is thrown, the trigger lever separates and releases the striker with the sting (3) and the bar (6). The plug (7) with the igniter capsule comes out of the igniter housing socket. The firing pin, under the action of the mainspring (4), pierces the igniter primer (8) with its sting. The fire beam ignites the powder press-fit fuses (9) and the pyrotechnic composition of the self-liquidator moderator (18). After 1-1.8 seconds. The powder compositions of the fuses burn out and their stoppers, under the influence of springs, disengage with the engine (11). The engine, under the influence of the spring (12), moves into the firing position.
The long-range cocking mechanism prevents the grenade from being detonated if it accidentally falls from the hand.
Interaction of parts and mechanisms when throwing and meeting a grenade with an obstacle (surface)
When meeting an obstacle (surface), the load (17) shifts in the direction of the inertial force component and acts on the sleeve (16). The bushing, overcoming the resistance of the spring (14), displaces the tip, which pierces the igniter primer (10). The fire beam is transmitted to the detonator capsule (20), which causes the explosive charge to detonate.
In case of failure, the fuse will operate in inertia after 3.3 - 4.3 seconds. the moderator composition burns out, the detonator cap (19) of the self-destructor ignites, causing the detonation unit to explode.
Slide No. 13
Myths about pomegranate
A hand grenade explodes so powerfully that it destroys small buildings and scatters people to the sides. Error. In movies, such effects are created using pyrotechnics. In reality, a hand grenade is not capable of causing significant destruction. A grenade does not always kill a person, even if it explodes in close proximity to him.
The hand grenade explodes with a deafening noise, and a ball of fire rises. Error. In movies, such effects are created using pyrotechnics. In reality, the grenade explodes with a sharp bang, raising a small cloud of dust.
The grenade ring can be pulled out with your teeth. Error. Without straightening the antennae, the ring (or, more precisely, the pin) is almost impossible to pull out even by hand. After straightening the antennae, the pin is still pulled out with great difficulty. This is done to prevent the check from accidentally falling out (pulling out).
The radius of destruction of the grenade is 200 meters and this means that when it explodes, the fragments kill all living things in this radius. Error. Even if we assume that during an explosion the grenade body fragments evenly, also scatters evenly to the sides and each fragment flies 200 meters, the probability of such a fragment hitting a person is approximately 8 hits per 100 thousand explosions. In reality, fragments rarely fly to a distance of more than 70-80 meters.
The final part is 3 minutes.
Announcement and commentary on grades received for the lesson.
Homework: know the types and purpose, characteristics and principle of operation of hand fragmentation grenades, and UZRGM and UDZ fuses (compendium).
Formation and farewell to the platoon.
Hand fragmentation grenades are designed to destroy enemy personnel with shrapnel in close combat (during an attack, in trenches, shelters, populated areas, in the forest, in the mountains, etc.)
General view of hand fragmentation grenades: a - RGD-5; b - F-1
Basic combat characteristics of hand grenades
Basic grenade data
Offensive |
Defensive |
The nature of the combat |
|
Shrapnel |
Shrapnel |
Operating principle of the mechanism |
|
Remote |
Remote |
Ignition time |
|
Lethal radius of fragments |
|
Loaded grenade weight |
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Average throw distance |
|
Hand fragmentation grenades are equipped with a modernized unified fuse for hand grenades (UZRGM).
The fuse primer ignites at the moment the grenade is thrown, and its explosion occurs 3.2-4.2 seconds after the throw.
RGD-5 and F-1 grenades They explode without fail when dropped into mud, snow, water, etc. An explosion produces a large number of fragments that fly in different directions.
Fragments of the RGD-5 grenade have the energy necessary to destroy manpower within a radius of up to 25 m, and F-1 grenades - up to 200 m.
The relatively light weight of grenades allows a trained person to throw them at a distance of 40-50 m.
GRENADE DEVICE
The RGD-5 hand fragmentation grenade consists of a body with a tube for a fuse, a bursting charge and a fuse.
The GRENADE BODY is used to house the explosive charge, the fuse tube, and also to form fragments when the grenade explodes. It consists of two parts - upper and lower.
The upper part of the body consists of an outer shell, called a cap, and a cap liner. An igniter tube is attached to the upper part using a cuff. The tube serves to attach the fuse to the grenade and to seal the explosive charge in the body.
To protect the tube from contamination, a plastic plug is screwed into it. When preparing a grenade for throwing, instead of a plug, a fuse is screwed into the tube.
The lower part of the housing consists of an outer shell, called the pan, and a pan liner.
UZRGM GRENADE FUSE(modernized unified hand grenade fuse) is intended to explode a bursting charge. It consists of a striking mechanism and the fuse itself.
Design of the RGD-5 hand fragmentation grenade:
1 - body; 2 - fuse; 3 - bursting charge; 4 - cap; 5 - cap liner; 6 - tube for igniter; 7 - cuff; 8 - pallet; 9 - pallet liner
The trigger lever serves to hold the firing pin in the cocked position (the mainspring is compressed). The trigger lever is held on the hammer tube by a safety pin.
The safety pin passes through the holes in the eye of the trigger lever and the walls of the impact mechanism tube. It has a ring for pulling it out. Actually fuse(Fig.) serves to explode the explosive charge of a grenade. It consists of a retarder sleeve, an igniter primer, a moderator and a detonator primer. The fuses are always in a firing position.
DISASSEMBLY THE FUSES AND CHECK THE OPERATION OF THE IMPACT MECHANISM IS STRICTLY PROHIBITED.
UZRGM grenade fuse:
1 - impact mechanism tube; 2 - connecting sleeve; 3 - guide washer; 4 - mainspring; 5 - drummer; 6 - striker washer;
7 - release lever; 8 - safety pin; 9 - retarder bushing; 10 - moderator; 11 - igniter primer; 12 - detonator capsule
F-1 GRENADE DEVICE
The F-1 hand fragmentation grenade consists of a body, an explosive charge and a fuse.
1 – body; 2 – bursting charge; 3 - fuse
The GRENADE CASE serves to place the explosive charge and fuse, as well as to form fragments when the grenade explodes. The body of the grenade is cast iron, with longitudinal and transverse grooves along which the grenade usually breaks into fragments. In the upper part of the body there is a threaded hole for screwing in the fuse. When storing, transporting and carrying the grenade, a plastic plug is screwed into this hole.
The explosive charge fills the body and serves to break the grenade into fragments.
UZRGM GRENADE FUSE(Fig. 4.3) is intended to explode the explosive charge of a grenade. The F-1 grenade uses the same fuse as the RGD-5 grenade.
OPERATION OF PARTS AND MECHANISMS OF RGD-5 AND F-1 GRENADES
Before throwing a grenade. Take the grenade out of the bag, unscrew the plug from the tube, and screw the fuse in its place until it stops. The parts of the firing mechanism are in the following position:
The striker is cocked and held in the upper position by the fork of the trigger lever, connected to the tube of the striker mechanism by a safety pin.
The ends of the safety pin are spread apart and firmly hold it in the fuse.
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Slide captions:
GBOU Cadet School of the Pushkin District of St. Petersburg The structure and principle of operation of hand grenades Completed by: GPD teacher Voronov Yu.A. Pavlovsk
Design, combat properties, and principle of operation of hand fragmentation grenades
Grenade (Spanish Granada - grenade) is an explosive ammunition designed to destroy enemy personnel and equipment using hand throwing.
Grenadier-instructor ml. Unger-officer of the 12th Grenadier Astrakhan regiment, 1917 Hand grenade "Bettye" mod. 1915
Grenade F-1 Lemon 1915 Grenade with tinder fuse 1916
No. specifications Unit. change grenades RGD-5 F-1 1 Grenade type Offensive. Defense 2 Mass of loaded grenade G. 310 600 3 Mass of explosive charge G. 60 75 4 Radius of dispersion of lethal fragments M. 25 200 5 Radius of the zone of effective destruction of manpower M. 5 7 6 Average throw range of a grenade M. 30-45 20-40 7 UZRGM grenade fuse UZRGM 8 Burning time of the fuse moderator C. 3.2-4.2 3.2-4.2 Combat properties of hand fragmentation grenades of the RF Armed Forces
RGD - 5 General view 1 - igniter tube with cuff 2 - cap with liner 3 - tray with liner
F - 1 General view Device
UZRGM Impact mechanism: 1. Impact mechanism tube 2. Guide washer 3. Main spring 4. Striker 5. Striker washer 6. Trigger lever 7. Safety pin with ring 8. Connecting sleeve Fuse: 9. Capsule - igniter 10. Retarder sleeve 11 .Moderator 12. Capsule - detonator
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