The warning hiss of a snake. The most poisonous snakes in the world
Snakes are a very distinctive group of animals with unique anatomical, physiological and behavioral traits. Snakes form a separate suborder in the order Scaly. At first glance, it is easy to distinguish them from lizards - by the presence or absence of limbs. But in fact, the absence of legs is not the main sign of a snake; there are also legless species lizards that are difficult to distinguish from snakes in appearance. These reptiles have achieved enormous diversity - there are 2,500 species of snakes in the world!
Common garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis).
The very name of the snake can be understood in two ways: in in a broad sense the words snakes call all legless reptiles, but in scientific community There are groups of snakes with specific names - vipers, cobras, snakes, pythons, boas, copperheads, snakes, asps, etc. Only a certain part of the species retained the scientific name “snake”. This article will discuss precisely such snakes in the narrow sense of the word, and other systematic subgroups will be covered separately.
The body of snakes is unusually elongated, its length can exceed its width and height by 10-100 times. Dimensions can vary from 10 cm to 5 m. The body shape itself is not at all as monotonous as it might seem. In some species the body may be shortened and thick, as if rolled, in others it is moderately long and wide, in others it is very thin, and in sea snakes flattened laterally like a ribbon. The head has a triangular shape, and the bones in the snake’s skull are connected very movably. The ligaments between the upper and lower jaws and... the left and right halves of each jaw are especially elastic (they are not tightly connected in snakes).
This connection allows these reptiles to open their mouths extremely wide and swallow prey many times larger than the snake itself, and during swallowing the snake alternately moves the right and left halves of the upper jaw and thereby pushes the prey into the throat.
The body of the snake is incredibly flexible, this is facilitated not only by the significant length of the body, but also by the structure of the skeleton: the number of vertebrae reaches 141-435, and the ribs are connected to the skeleton flexibly. This allows snakes to bend their body in a wave-like manner (necessary for movement), to roll it into a ball ( defensive reaction) and even twist into knots (necessary during an attack). The tail is anatomically weakly separated from the body. Due to the elongated body shape internal organs strongly modified: they are all also very elongated, paired organs are located asymmetrically, and there is only one lung - the right one. True, primitive species of snakes may have a left lung, but it is rudimentary (underdeveloped).
The absence of limbs left an imprint not only on movement, but also on the way snakes feed. Well, try to catch prey without hands and eat it! Therefore, the only way for a snake to kill a victim is poison. Snake venom is a highly toxic saliva produced by modified salivary glands. The ducts of these glands do not open directly into the mouth, but into the canal of special poisonous teeth. A snake has only two such teeth; they can be located closer to the edge or in the depths of the mouth (the depth of the bite and, to some extent, the degree of danger of each type depends on this). All types of snakes are poisonous to one degree or another, but in some species the venom acts primarily on warm-blooded animals (birds, mammals, including humans), and in others - on cold-blooded animals (amphibians and reptiles). Therefore, the first species are conventionally called poisonous, and the second - non-poisonous. In terms of its action, the poison can be hemolytic (causes the destruction of red blood cells, a blood clotting disorder) or neurotoxic (affects the nervous system, leads to paralysis, blindness, hallucinations). There are poisons of mixed effects.
The thin whip-like body of the Mexican sharp-headed snake (Oxybelis aeneus) makes it indistinguishable from dry branches.
In case of a snake bite, you need to squeeze the poison out of the wound (within a minute after the bite), you can also suck out and spit out the poison, but only if you have no injuries in the oral cavity. A couple of minutes after the bite, these measures are no longer effective. In any case, the bitten person must be taken to the hospital, the main thing is not to forget in a hurry what the snake looked like. Its species is extremely important for the prescription of anti-snake serum. On the way, the victim must be provided with complete psychological and physical rest, and a tonic drink (tea) must be given. But you should not bandage the bitten limb; this does not prevent the absorption of the poison, but can easily lead to toxic damage fabrics. Remember, panic and fear are harmful because they increase the heart rate, which means they contribute to the rapid spread of poison in the blood! By the way, no species of snake is immune to own poison, if a snake is injected subcutaneously with its own poison, it will die in the same way as its victim.
The warning hiss of a snake.
Snakes have very unique sensory organs: they do not have external ears, so they are practically deaf, but snakes perfectly sense the slightest vibrations of the soil, which is often perceived by observers as the ability to “hear” steps; vision is rather weak, snakes see moving prey best; They have no taste as such at all - snakes do not distinguish the taste of food, and they swallow it whole. But they have a well-developed sense of smell, and olfactory receptors are located not only in the nostrils, but also on the tongue. The tongue itself is structured in a very unique way: it has a forked end and receptors located at different ends perceive odor molecules independently of each other. This allows the snake to very accurately determine the position of the prey by smell; for the same reason, snakes constantly stick out their tongues, this is how they smell.
Dekai's snake (Storeria dekayi) sniffs the air.
In addition, some types of snakes have special pits at the end of their muzzle that work as thermolocators. That is, the snake senses the difference in the temperature of surrounding objects, and feels it so accurately that it literally “sees” the world like in a thermal imager. This unique feeling is associated with hunting warm-blooded animals. You can often hear that snakes have eyes without eyelids, so they don’t blink. But this is only partly correct. In fact, snakes have eyelids, but they are fused into a transparent film that covers the eye, so the snake really does not blink. Outside, the body of snakes is covered with scales, the size and shape of which vary depending on different types. In rattlesnakes, the scales at the end of the tail form a sort of “rattle” that makes a cracking noise when the snake rubs the tip of its tail against its body. This is a defensive reaction aimed at scaring off ungulates that could trample the snake. In addition to “rattles,” snakes can hiss, exhaling air forcefully. However, hissing is the only sound made by snakes; otherwise they are voiceless (obviously because they are deaf).
In this article we will talk about what types of snakes exist, as well as what are the characteristics and lifestyle of their various species. Snakes are a suborder of the class of reptiles. They differ from other reptiles in their elongated body, as well as the absence of movable eyelids, external auditory canal and paired limbs. Each of these characteristics is also found in lizards. Snakes originated (presumably) from them in Cretaceous period(that is, approximately 135-65 million years ago). However, all together these signs are characteristic only of snakes. Today, about 3,000 of their species are known. The photos that you will find in this article will help you better imagine some types of snakes.
Lifestyle
These animals are predators. Many of them capture prey that is significantly larger than the snake itself. Young and small individuals usually feed on insects, molluscs, worms, some also reptiles, amphibians, fish, birds, rodents, and more large mammals. Several months may pass between two meals.
In most cases, snakes lie motionless, lying in wait for their prey, after which they rush at it with amazing speed and begin to swallow it. Venomous species of snakes bite and then wait for the venom to take effect. Boa constrictors strangle the victim by wrapping themselves around it.
Various species of snakes are found everywhere except small oceanic islands and New Zealand. They live in forests, deserts, steppes, underground and in the sea. The most a large number of species lives in warm countries of Africa and East Asia. More than 50% of Australia's snakes are venomous.
Snakes usually live 5-10 years, and some individuals live up to 30-40 years. They feed on many mammals and birds (crows, eagles, storks, hedgehogs, pigs and representatives of the order Carnivora), as well as other snakes.
Methods of transportation
There are several ways to move them. The snake usually bends in a zigzag manner and is pushed away by areas of its body adjacent to the ground. Species of snakes living in the desert use a “lateral move”: the body touches the surface at only two points, the front part of it is moved to the side (in the direction of movement), after which the back part is “pulled up”, etc. “Accordion” is another method of movement, characterized in that the body of the snake is assembled into tight loops, and its front part moves forward. Also large snakes move" tracked" in a straight line, clinging to the soil with the shields and straining the muscles located in the abdominal part of the body.
snake poison
About 500 species of snakes are dangerous to humans. Every year, up to 1.5 million people are bitten by them, and up to 50 thousand die. Of course, this is not the most common cause of death today. However, it is important to be able to determine what species a snake belongs to and whether it is poisonous. Snakes do not attack without reason and try to save their poison. Scientists have developed special serums, which significantly reduced the number of deaths from their bites. In Thailand, for example, up to 10 thousand people died annually at the beginning of the 20th century, and today only about 20 people die. Snake venom is used in small quantities for medicinal purposes, it has an anti-inflammatory effect and analgesic effect, stimulates tissue regeneration.
The suborder Snakes are divided into 8-16 families. Let's introduce the main types of snakes and their names with photos.
Slepuny
These are small snakes with a worm-like body. They are adapted to life underground: the head of these creatures is covered with large scutes, the bones of the skull are tightly fused, and the body is supported by short tail. Their eyes are almost completely reduced. Rudiments of the pelvic bones have been found in blind blinders. There are about 170 species in this family, most of which live in subtropical and tropical areas.
Pseudophods
They got their name due to the presence of rudiments of their hind limbs, which turned into claws located on the sides of the anus. The reticulated python and anaconda are pseudopods - the largest modern snakes (they can reach a length of 10 meters). About 80 species include 3 subfamilies (Sand Boas, Pythons and Boas). These snakes live in the subtropics and tropics, and some species live in the arid zones of Central Asia.
Aspid snakes
These include more than 170 species, including mambas and cobras. A characteristic feature of these snakes is the absence of a zygomatic shield. They have a short tail, an elongated body, and their head is covered correct form large shields. Representatives of aspids lead a terrestrial lifestyle. They are distributed mainly in Australia and Africa.
Most dangerous look black snakes are the black mamba. She lives in various parts African continent. This snake is known to be very aggressive. Her throw is extremely accurate. The black mamba is the world's fastest land snake. It can reach speeds of up to 20 km/h. The black mamba can make 12 bites in a row.
Its venom is a fast-acting neurotoxin. The snake releases about 100-120 mg of poison in one injection. If in as soon as possible do not provide medical assistance to a person, death occurs, depending on the nature of the bite, in the interval from 15 minutes to 3 hours. Other types of black snakes are not as dangerous. The fatality rate for a black mamba bite without antivenom is 100% - the highest of any venomous snake.
Sea snakes
Most of them never go onto land. They live in water, to which these snakes are adapted: they have light, voluminous valves that close their nostrils, a paddle-shaped tail and a streamlined body. These snakes are very poisonous. About 50 species include this family. They live in the Pacific and Indian Oceans.
Most poisonous species the serpent in the world is the Belchera (sea snake). It got its name thanks to Edward Belcher, a researcher. Sometimes this snake is called differently - striped sea snake. She rarely attacks humans.
It takes a lot of effort to provoke this snake to bite, so cases of its attack are extremely rare. She can be found in the waters Northern Australia and Southeast Asia.
Viperaceae
They have a thick body, a flat triangular head, a vertical pupil, a tracheal lung and developed venom glands. Rattlesnakes and copperheads belong to the pit viper family, true vipers include the sand viper, viper and viper. The family includes approximately 120 species of snakes.
Colubridae
About 70% of all modern snakes are representatives of this family. There are numerous types of snakes and their names. There are about 1,500 species. They are ubiquitous and adapted to life in burrows, in the forest floor, on trees, in reservoirs and in semi-deserts. These snakes have a variety of locomotion methods and food preferences. In general, this family is characterized by the absence of movable tubular teeth, a left lung, and rudiments of the hind limbs. Their upper jaw is horizontal.
Snakes of Russia
What types of snakes live in Russia? According to various sources, there are approximately 90 of them in our country, including 10-16 poisonous ones. Let us briefly describe the main types of snakes in Russia.
Already ordinary
This large snake, the length of which can reach 140 cm. It is distributed over a vast territory from Scandinavia to North America, as well as to Central Mongolia in the east. In Russia it lives mainly in the European part. Its color ranges from dark gray to black. Light spots forming a crescent are located on the sides of the head. They are bordered by black stripes. Representatives of this species of snakes prefer wet places. They hunt mainly during the day on toads and frogs, occasionally on birds and small lizards. This is an active snake. He crawls quickly, swims well and climbs trees. It tries to hide when detected, and if it fails, it relaxes its muscles and opens its mouth, thus pretending to be dead. Large snakes curl up into a ball and hiss threateningly, but they extremely rarely bite a person. In case of danger, they also regurgitate recently caught prey (in some cases, quite viable) and release a foul-smelling liquid from the cloaca.
copperhead
This snake is widespread in the European part of our country. Its length reaches 65 cm. The body color of this snake ranges from gray to red-brown. Dark spots in several rows are located along the body. The copperhead can be distinguished by its round pupil from the viper, which is a little similar to it. When in danger, a snake gathers its body into a tight ball and hides its head. A copperhead caught by a human fiercely defends itself. It can bite through your skin until it bleeds.
Common viper
This snake is quite large. Its body length reaches 75 cm. It has a triangular head and a thick body. The color of the viper ranges from gray to red-brown. A dark zigzag stripe runs along its body, an X-shaped pattern is noticeable on the head, as well as 3 large scutes - 2 parietal and frontal. The viper has a vertical pupil. The border between the neck and head is clearly visible.
This snake is widespread in the forest-steppe and forests of the European part of Russia, as well as in the Far East and Siberia. She prefers forests with swamps, clearings, as well as the banks of lakes and rivers. The viper settles in holes, pits, rotten stumps, among bushes. Most often, this type of snake winters in groups in burrows, hiding under haystacks and tree roots. In March-April, vipers leave the wintering area. During the day they love to bask in the sun. These snakes usually hunt at night. Their prey is small rodents, chicks, and frogs. They breed in mid-May; pregnancy lasts 3 months. The viper brings 8-12 cubs, each up to 17 cm long. The first moult occurs a few days after the individuals are born. IN further vipers They shed approximately once or twice a month. They live 11-12 years.
Meetings between a person and a viper occur quite often. It should be remembered that they love to spend time basking in the sun in warm days. Vipers can crawl to the fire at night and also climb into the tent. The population density of these snakes is very uneven. You can pretty much large area not a single individual can be found, but in some areas they form entire “snake centers”. These snakes are non-aggressive and will not be the first to attack a person. They always prefer to hide.
Steppe viper
This type of snake is distinguished by the pointed edges of its muzzle, as well as more small sizes from a common viper. The coloring of its body is duller. There are dark spots on the sides of the body. Steppe viper lives in the forest-steppe and steppe zones of the European part of our country, in the Caucasus and Crimea. She lives 7-8 years.
Common cottonmouth
This species of snake inhabits vast areas from the mouth of the Volga to the banks Pacific Ocean. Its body length is up to 70 cm, its color is brown or gray with wide dark spots located along the ridge.
Tiger snake
This is a brightly colored snake that lives in the Far East. Usually the upper part of its body is bright green with transverse black stripes. The scales located in the spaces between the stripes in the front of the body are red. Body length reaches up to 110 cm tiger snake. The nuchodorsal glands are located on the upper side of its neck. The caustic secretion they secrete repels predators. This type of snake prefers damp places. The tiger snake feeds on frogs, fish and toads.
Central Asian cobra
This is a large snake, the length of which reaches 160 meters. Its body color is olive or Brown. When the cobra is irritated, it raises the front part of its body and inflates the “hood” on its neck. This snake, when attacking, makes several lightning-fast throws, one of which ends with a bite. The Central Asian cobra lives in Central Asia, in the southern regions.
Sandy efa
This type of snake reaches up to 80 cm in length. Transverse light stripes run along the ridge, light zigzag lines - along the sides of the body. Sandy efa feeds on birds and small rodents, other snakes and frogs. The speed of the throws distinguishes the efu. It makes a dry rustling sound when moving. This snake lives in the area east coast Caspian Sea and distributed to the Aral Sea.
Titanoboa
This extinct species of snake is this moment the largest among other species that have ever inhabited our planet. Titanoboa existed more than 50 million years ago, back in the time of dinosaurs. Today, their obvious descendants are snakes from the subfamily Boas. The South American anaconda is their most famous representative. Although it is significantly inferior in size to Titanoboa, it has a number of similar features with this view. In the New York Museum you can see a mechanical copy of Titanoboa. About 15 meters is the size of this snake.
Pet snakes
The species of domestic snakes are numerous. Snakes are one of the most interesting creatures that are used as pets. Although they are ferocious predators, snakes can become docile if cared for.
The corn snake is a very popular pet. She is docile and easy to care for, but it is genetic diversity that makes this species so popular today.
The fact is that most individuals of this species suffered due to genetic mutations, such as albinism, and today have some of the most beautiful colors among snakes in the whole world. The royal python is also quite popular. This is a very obedient animal. The lifespan of this species reaches 40 years. King snake - muscular, with strong body. It reaches 1.6 m in length. Boa is also popular. She comes from Central America. This snake is a predator known for its ability to bring down large prey. Before eating the victim, it strangles it, and the strong muscles of the jaw and sharp teeth help you swallow quickly. Boa reaches 2-3 meters at maturity. The colors and patterns of her body are quite varied, but the predominant colors are brown and gray. For boa you need large terrarium, made of thick fiberglass, which should be lighted and well ventilated.
So we have listed characteristics who have different kinds snakes, and their names with photos. Of course, this is incomplete information. We have described only the main types of snakes. The photos presented above introduce readers to their most interesting representatives.
The snow has long melted, the cold has finally subsided, which means that connoisseurs of outdoor activities, summer residents and lovers of country life are beginning to think about their own safety. The forest is not only a source fresh air, beautiful views, mushrooms and berries. Its shady massif serves as a home for a variety of creeping reptiles.
Snakes are cold-blooded reptiles. Their habitat is scattered across all continents, with the exception of Antarctica. The catalog containing the name of snakes contains about three thousand species. In the territory Russian Federation their numbers are limited. According to official data, only ninety species live on our territory. Among them there are individuals that pose a threat human life, as well as those who are completely harmless. Types of snakes and their names are of interest to many people who want to protect themselves and their loved ones.
Viper
This is perhaps the most famous animal to Russians, falling into the category “ Poisonous snakes" This species has different names. They are often influenced by the reptile’s habitat. The common viper can be found in forests and forest-steppe zones. Favorite places to live are swamps, clearings, and areas near water bodies. Most widespread received on the European territory of the state, in Siberia, in the Far East.
It has small size compared to others As a rule, it reaches a length of no more than seventy-five centimeters. But closer to the north there are individuals that grow up to one meter. The viper does not attack a person without reason. When meeting him, he usually tries to run away. Only in case of a threat does it take a defensive position: it hisses menacingly and makes warning throws. For this reason, you need to avoid sudden movements if you encounter a viper.
Already
By nature they are completely harmless creatures. Very often they die at the hands of a person who has not studied the names of snakes, their descriptions and differences from each other. very similar to poisonous viper. People who confuse them with each other purposefully kill reptiles, wanting to protect themselves from being bitten. Got the snakes wide use throughout the European part of the state, with the exception of polar regions. Very common in the Far East, near Lake Baikal and Siberia. The name of snakes often influences the naming of the area in which they live. So, in Ukraine there is the city of Uzhgorod and the river Uzh, named after this animal.
They reach a length of ninety centimeters. They prefer to live near bodies of water with flowing water. Unlike Russians, Ukrainians and Belarusians are in no hurry to kill snakes. Residents tame them. These harmless creatures are actually very easy to make contact with. And it won’t be difficult for a person to make friends with them. Cold-blooded snakes are naturally excellent mousecatchers. They can even be used on the farm.
Copperhead, or yellow snake
This reptile received its name due to its color. Contrary to popular belief, it is not a poisonous snake. She lives throughout the state. IN Lately man began to destroy more and more natural places her habitat. This has led to the fact that the number of individuals of this species is rapidly declining. In addition, copperheads, like snakes, are destroyed by people themselves, mistaking them for poisonous snakes.
The length of the reptiles is relatively small, only seventy centimeters. Common habitats: forests in the Federation. Copperheads especially liked the edges of deciduous, coniferous or even mixed forests. The most favorite habitat is one that is well warmed by the sun's rays. It is extremely rare for copperheads to be found in open areas.
Gyurza
A direct relative of the viper. It belongs to its family, which means it is similarly poisonous. Compared to the viper, the viper is a very large snake, with well-developed muscles. The length of the individual reaches one and a half meters. Lives on southern territory Siberia. The venom of the viper has many properties that allow doctors to appreciate and widely use it to create medicines. This snake itself is very brave. But despite this, she never attacks a person unless he himself provokes her. If the collision occurs unexpectedly, for example, a viper is stepped on, it immediately attacks the offender, like other snakes. Photos and names of other members of the family, for example the Armenian or big-nosed viper, can be found in any encyclopedia.
Cottonmouth
The name of the snakes in this category will be presented below. There are three types: Ussuri and stony. They are characterized by their habitat. The common copperhead lives over a fairly wide area from the mouth of the Volga River all the way to the very shores of the Pacific Ocean. It reaches seventy centimeters in length, the color is dirty gray or brown with large dark spots located along the ridge. The head is covered with scutes, which is how the snakes got their name.
The animal's venom contains hemotoxins, which provoke heavy bleeding and widespread necrosis. In addition, it contains a certain percentage of neurotoxins that have a strong effect on the nervous system. human body, as well as causing paralysis. There have been no official reports of deaths following a copperhead bite. However, this does not mean that you can safely provoke a snake when you meet. The bite is extremely painful, as are its consequences.
Tiger snake
The name of this species of snake comes from its characteristic color. Lives in the Far East. It has a bright green color with dark stripes across the body. In the front part of the body, the spaces between them are painted red. In length they reach a little more than a meter. They prefer to live in fairly damp places. They hunt frogs and fish.
The poisonous teeth of a tiger snake are located deep in the jaw, that is, they are created for prey that has already entered the mouth. If for any reason a snake manages to bite a person, he will suffer painful poisoning, very similar to the effects of viper venom. The bleeding is difficult to stop. After a bite, the victim should immediately contact a hematologist so that he can prescribe a course of special therapy.
More than 2,500 species of snakes live on our planet. They can be found everywhere except Antarctica and a few islands, such as New Zealand and Ireland, and they are also not found on the small islands of the Atlantic and Pacific (its central part) oceans. However, among all the snake diversity, only 10% are poisonous.
Poisonous snakes use venom for hunting to kill their prey, but they can also bite for defense purposes, but before attacking they most often try to warn the enemy about this. Snakes swallow their prey whole, without chewing it, and so that the victim does not resist and does not complicate the swallowing process, the snake stings it, injecting its poison. By the way, in a defensive snake bite, there is significantly less toxic substance than in a bite during a hunt.
Taipans
Taipans (lat. Oxyuranus) - very poisonous Australian snakes from the family of asps, which include only two species: the cruel snake (lat. Oxyuranus microlepidotus) and taipan (lat. Oxyuranus scutellatus). These are quite large snakes. Their bite is considered very dangerous, even the most dangerous among all modern snakes living on Earth. Until the antidote was discovered (in 1955), people died from the bite of these snakes in 90% of cases.
Cruel (fierce) snake (lat. Oxyuranus microlepidotus) can reach up to 1.9 m in length. It can be found in the dry lowland fields of Central Australia, where it hunts small mammals and frogs. Yada cruel snake may well be enough to kill 100 adults. By comparison, her poison stronger than poison cobras approximately 180 times.
Taipan or coastal taipan(lat. Oxyuranus scutellatus) - this large (3-3.5 m in length) representative of asps differs from its predecessor in its bad temper and is considered one of the most aggressive snakes. The taipan is especially dangerous during periods of skin change and reproduction. Found in northeastern Australia and New Guinea. To joy local population, the taipan rarely approaches their home, but despite this, someone suffers from its bites every year.
Black Mamba
(lat. Dendroaspis polylepis) - the most poisonous snake African continent. It can be found in savannas and woodlands of Angola, Uganda, Zambia, South Africa, Botswana, Kenya, Zimbabwe, etc. In addition, this snake has a very bad reputation. It is considered the fastest (speeds up to 20 km/h) and aggressive snake in Africa.
Its length can be about 2.4–3 m, and some specimens grow up to 4.5 m in length. It received this name because of its black mouth, which terrifies anyone who meets on its way. Having bitten once, the mamba tends to bite several more times. Being the owner of such speed, the mamba often chases its prey rather than sitting in ambush. In one bite, the mamba injects up to 400 mg of poison. Lethal dose for an adult – about 10-15 mg. Its poison causes paralysis and death.
Tiger snake
Tiger snake (lat. Notechis scutatus) - another representative of the adders and a resident of Australia. Although it is a small (up to 2 m) snake, it is very poisonous. Small animals bitten by it die instantly. The danger lies in the fact that it is found almost throughout Australia and is one of the most numerous snakes inhabiting this continent.
Spectacled snake or Indian cobra
Spectacled snake, or Indian cobra (lat. Naja naja) - very beautiful mottled snake, growing up to 1.5-2 meters in length. Lives in India, Central Asia, South China(to the Philippines and the islands of the Malay Archipelago). The offspring of this cobra are poisonous from the very first minutes after birth. I spectacled cobra contains toxins that damage the central nervous system. Just one gram of poison can kill 140 medium-sized dogs.
Malay krait
Malay krait (lat. Bungarus candidus) - Very dangerous snake from the asp family. Extremely unfriendly. It lives in Australia, South Asia and the islands of the Malay Archipelago. Its poison is fatal and primarily affects the human brain. Death can occur quickly and even without paralytic symptoms.
Brown king, or mulga
Brown king, or mulga (lat. Pseudechis australis) is a highly venomous snake found throughout Australia. The bite of this large (up to 3 m in length) snake is real threat for human life, since after its bite there is a high probability of death.
Nosed enhydrina
Nosed enhydrina (lat. Enhydrina schistosa) is a poisonous inhabitant of the tropical Indo-Pacific region. Although it is a poisonous snake, it has a rather peaceful character. Seeing a fisherman at sea, he prefers to move away from him. The poison of this snake is 4-8 times more toxic than poison cobras The lethal dose for humans is about 1.5 mg of poison. Its venom contains strong neurotoxins.
Sandy efa
Sandy epha (lat. Echis carinatus ) is a poisonous snake from the viper family. This small snake (50-60 cm in length) lives in clay and loess deserts, near river cliffs and in bush thickets of Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan, as well as Africa, Algeria, Palestine, Persia, Arabia and in the western part of the Hindustan Peninsula . When meeting a person, it makes a characteristic rustling sound, produced by the friction of jagged rings. If a person survives after being bitten by such a snake, it is likely that he may remain crippled.
Harlequin adder
Harlequin, or eastern asp (lat. Micrurus fulvius) is a venomous snake native to northeastern Mexico and the southeastern United States. The owner of a bright color with characteristic red, black and narrow yellow rings. The bite of this snake is very dangerous to human life. If help is not provided in time, a person can die within 20-24 hours.
Ceylon keffiyeh
Ceylon keffiyeh (lat. Trimeresurus trigonocephalus) is one of the most aggressive venomous snakes. This resident of the Pacific coast of America is notorious among the local population. Its bite is considered fatal to humans (it thins the blood, causing severe swelling).
African boomslang
African boomslang (lat. Dispholidus typus) is a highly venomous snake native to South and South-West Africa. Its poison is toxic: when it enters the bloodstream, it destroys the cells of the body. African boomslang poison 2 times more dangerous than poison Indian cobra and vipers. Refers to very aggressive snakes, so you should not approach him or make sudden movements - he will attack without hesitation.
Black snake
Black snake (lat. Pseudechis porphyriacus) - this large snake (up to 3 meters long) is feared by all residents of Australia, since its bite is fatal to humans. It is considered a “record holder” for the amount of poison released.
Bushmaster
Bushmaster (lat. Lachesis muta) is a poisonous large snake (up to 4 m in length), living in South America. Bushmaster venom is dangerous to human life, but the mortality rate is not high - 10-12%. Has a paralytic effect.
Common viper
Common viper (lat. Vipera berus) is a poisonous snake from the genus of true vipers. Lives in Eurasia. Its bite is very painful, but rarely leads to death. Hemorrhagic swelling and necrosis occurs at the site of the bite. Signs of poisoning: dizziness, lethargy, headache, nausea, shortness of breath. In especially severe cases, degenerative changes in the kidneys and liver may occur.
Ruzel's viper
Ruzel's viper (lat. Daboia russelii russelii) - common in Sri Lanka. It is considered dangerous, although not so poisonous. The thing is that where it lives, they do not produce an antidote, so many local residents die from its bites.