Enterprises for recycling industrial waste. Industrial waste disposal
Thanks to our extensive experience (more than 15 years) and the availability of our own modern equipment, we ensure that waste disposal is carried out most efficiently and safely.
Industrial enterprises, organizations of various types, and even simple residential buildings often need high-quality processing of liquid and solid waste. If in the second case such a need arises less frequently due to the lack of specific hazardous waste, then in the first it is an urgent need.
At industrial enterprises, waste disposal must be carried out regularly, otherwise it simply risks stopping its activities. It is impossible to cope with such volumes of often highly hazardous waste on our own. Therefore, companies specializing in this type of activity come to the rescue.
Inter Green is a leader in providing environmental services in Moscow and the Moscow region.
Disposal of various types of waste
The obtained license gives us the right to process various types of waste. This includes:
- recycling of industrial waste;
- household waste disposal;
- food waste disposal.
All our equipment and vehicles are certified and approved by Rosprirodnadzor, which issued the appropriate license (here is a link to the license), so you don’t have to worry about the state of the environment. Each stage of disposal is carried out carefully and strictly controlled by specialists. Packaging, transportation and direct processing are carried out at a high professional level, thereby protecting nature and people from the harmful effects of toxic substances.
The order of waste disposal work in Moscow:
- Determination of waste volume.
- Composition analysis to identify components and determine the hazard class.
- Waste disposal may include approval of its passport. This is necessary to bring activities into full compliance with the “Rules for the Transportation of Dangerous Goods.”
- Garbage removal, sorting and packaging.
- Professional very careful loading.
- Removal using modern, pre-prepared transport.
- Processing using the latest equipment that has passed the strictest environmental examination.
The modern world does not stand still. Every year production volumes increase, population growth and urban expansion continue. At the same time, the problem of waste disposal has become urgent. On earth, special landfills for waste are present in limited quantities. At the same time, the volumes arriving at them exceed their capacity, so the garbage mountains are increasing every day. Untreated heaps of waste negatively affect the ecological state of the planet. That is why the need arose to create high-quality waste processing plants. At these facilities, it is necessary to use only modern methods of waste processing and disposal. It is worth noting that the garbage generated by humanity belongs to various danger groups. In order for waste recycling to be effective, it is necessary to select its own disposal method for each individual type. But first they need to be sorted.
Household waste
This number includes product residues associated with human activity. This can be plastic, paper, food and other similar waste that was thrown out of institutions and homes of the population. The garbage that we are used to getting rid of is found at every step. Many wastes are assigned the fifth and fourth degree of danger.
Recycling of household plastic waste should not be done without mechanical action, i.e. grinding. Further, they are necessarily treated with chemical solutions. Often, after such a procedure, new polymer substances are produced, which are reused to create new products. Household waste such as paper or food waste can be composted and then rotted. Subsequently, the resulting composition is suitable for use in agriculture.
Biological decay
Biological species in nature are humans and animals. These two groups also generate large amounts of waste. A lot of such waste comes from veterinary clinics, sanitary and hygienic organizations, catering establishments and similar enterprises. Processing of biological waste is reduced to its combustion. Liquid substances are transported using special transport. Incineration is also used for organic waste.
Industrial waste
This type of waste is generated as a result of the functioning of production and technological activities. This includes all construction waste. It appears during installation, cladding, finishing and other works. For example, this category of waste includes paint and varnish residues, heat-insulating substances, wood and other industrial “trash.” Processing of industrial waste often involves incineration. Wooden residues are suitable for obtaining a certain amount of energy.
Radioactive waste
Such waste includes solutions and gases that are not suitable for use. First of all, these are biological materials and objects containing radioactive components in large quantities (above the permissible norm). The degree of danger depends on the level of radiation in such waste. Such waste is disposed of by burial, some is simply burned. A similar method of processing applies to the next group of activity residues.
Medical waste
This list contains all substances that are produced by medical institutions. Approximately 80% of waste is simple household waste. He's not dangerous. But the remaining 20% can cause damage to health in one way or another. In Russia, the disposal and processing of radioactive and medical waste has many prohibitions and conventions. Also, the country carefully spells out the necessary conditions for handling this group of waste, and methods for burying or burning them. Special repositories were created for liquid and solid radioactive components. If it is necessary to get rid of medical waste, it is placed in special bags and set on fire. But this method, unfortunately, is also unsafe, especially if the drugs belong to the first or second danger group.
Division into classes
All waste is divided depending on its state of aggregation. So, they are solid, liquid or gaseous. In addition, all garbage is classified according to the degree of danger. There are four classes in total. Garbage classified as the first degree of danger poses the greatest threat to the planet and living organisms, including humans. This waste can ruin the ecological system, which will lead to disaster. These include the following substances: mercury, polonium, lead salts, plutonium, etc.
The second class includes residues that can cause an environmental failure that cannot be restored over a long period (about 30 years). These are chlorine, various phosphates, arsenic, selenium and other substances. The third hazard group includes those wastes from which the system can recover within ten years. But only if the garbage no longer affects the contaminated object. Among them are chromium, zinc, ethyl alcohol, and so on.
Low-hazard waste - sulfates, chlorides and simazine - is assigned the fourth class. But this does not mean that they have virtually no effect on humans and the ecosystem. If the source is eliminated, the body or nature will only be able to recover after three years. There is fifth class garbage. This means that the waste is completely safe for the environment.
The importance of recycling
There are several reasons why proper waste recycling is necessary:
- Once in the environment, most substances and materials turn into pollutants (it is worth considering that our planet is already suffocating every day from emissions from cars and factories).
- Many of the resources from which certain materials are created are being exhausted. Their supplies are too limited, so recycling is the solution.
- In some cases, objects that have fulfilled their purpose turn out to be a source of substances. Moreover, they are cheaper than natural materials.
More about recycling
Recycling is the change of waste materials until they completely disappear or the structure is modified so that they cannot be reused. But this word can have another meaning. For example, it is often used figuratively.
Today, a large amount of waste is reused for various purposes. All garbage that is disposed of today is divided into two main groups:
- Solid household waste (glass, paper, plastic, food waste).
- Industrial waste (biological, medical, radioactive, construction waste, as well as waste from the transport complex).
Disposal can be carried out in one of several ways, which are also divided into groups. For example, the main methods include heat treatment, composting, which is a natural decomposition method, and waste disposal in special landfills. Some of these waste processing methods make it possible to obtain secondary raw materials.
Recycled materials
Typically, all waste that remains after production and human activity is called “recyclables”. But this idea is not entirely correct. The fact is that not all waste is advisable to reuse or send for other needs. There is also a group of waste that is reused only as a source of energy (after special processing), and therefore is also not classified as secondary raw materials. Those substances that release energy after processing are called “secondary energy raw materials.”
This group includes only those materials that, after a certain exposure, can become suitable for the national economy. A good example is a canned food can. It can no longer be used to store food, but after melting it down, it is used to make new food containers or other metal objects. It becomes obvious: secondary raw materials are items that, after being used for their intended purpose, are resources that are useful for further use. To obtain a new product or raw material, waste recycling is necessary. Today, several methods are used for this, which are described below.
Natural recycling
Back in the 20th century, in most cases, household waste was processed through composting. Garbage, in particular organic waste, was dumped into specially dug pits and covered with earth. Over time, the waste decomposed, rotted and was used as fertilizer in agriculture. But relatively recently this method has been slightly modified. Scientists have developed sealed installations for heating composted waste. In this case, organic residues begin to decompose faster, which produces methane, which is biogas. It was this that began to be used to create biofuels.
Specialized companies have emerged that build mobile stations for waste recycling. They are used in small villages or on farms. It was calculated that such large stations intended for cities are unprofitable to maintain. It takes quite a lot of time to obtain a decomposing product, but the resulting fertilizers still remain unused and also need to be disposed of somehow. Besides this, there is other waste that has nowhere to go, so it will accumulate. For example, this is plastic, construction residues, polyethylene, etc. But creating a specialized plant where solid household waste would be processed is not economically profitable for the authorities.
Thermal recycling
Thermal processing means the combustion of solid household waste. The process is used to reduce the amount of organic substances and neutralize them. Further, the resulting residues are buried or disposed of. After combustion, the waste is significantly reduced in volume, all bacteria are destroyed, and the resulting energy can generate electricity or heat water for the heating system. Such plants are usually located near large city landfills so that solid waste can be processed by conveyor belt. There are also landfills nearby intended for the disposal of recycled waste.
It can be noted that waste combustion is divided into direct and pyrolysis. With the first method, you can only obtain thermal energy. At the same time, pyrolysis combustion creates the opportunity to extract liquid and gas fuels. But regardless of the method of thermal disposal, harmful substances are released into the atmosphere during combustion. This harms our environment. Some people install filters. Their purpose is to retain volatile solids. But as practice shows, even they are not able to stop pollution.
If we talk about the technology for processing medical waste, several special furnaces have already been installed in Russia. They are equipped with gas purification devices. In addition, microwave, steam and heat treatment and autoclaving appeared in the country. These are all alternative methods for incinerating medical and other suitable waste. Residues containing mercury are treated using special thermochemical or hydrometallurgical methods.
Plasma recycling
This method is currently the most modern method of disposal. Its action takes place in two stages:
- The waste is crushed and compressed under a press. If necessary, the garbage is dried to achieve a granular structure.
- The resulting substances are sent to the reactor. There the plasma flow transfers so much energy to them that they acquire a gaseous state.
Fire can be avoided using a special oxidizer. The resulting gas is similar in composition to ordinary natural gas, but it contains less energy. The finished product is sealed in a container and sent for later use. This gas is suitable for turbines, boilers, diesel generators.
Similar processing of industrial waste and household waste has been used for some time in Canada and the USA. In these countries, the remains of human activity are effectively disposed of, and the final product is used for good as fuel. In the West they are already preparing to introduce this technology on an even larger scale. But since such equipment is quite expensive, CIS countries cannot purchase it.
Is it possible to solve the problem of waste disposal?
Of course, in order for the processing of solid waste and hazardous waste to take place at the highest level, a lot of financial investments are required. Political circles should also be interested in this. But at the moment we have to make do with outdated recycling equipment. According to the authorities, existing factories are coping with the problem, so there is no need to reconstruct and re-equip them. The impetus for this can only be an environmental disaster.
Although the problem is vast, it is still possible to solve or reduce its size. The situation requires an integrated approach on the part of society and the authorities. It’s good if everyone thinks about what he personally can do. The simplest thing a person can do is to start sorting the garbage that he generates. After all, the one who throws out waste knows where he has plastic, paper, glass or food products. If you get into the habit of sorting waste residues, then such waste will become easier and faster to recycle.
A person needs to be regularly reminded of the importance of proper waste disposal, sorting and caring for the natural resources that he owns. If the authorities do not take action and conduct motivating campaigns, simple enthusiasm will not be enough. Therefore, the problem of waste disposal will remain in our country at a “primitive” level.
Our organization provides waste disposal services, trying to improve the environmental situation in the city. All work we carry out is carried out in accordance with existing state standards at optimal prices.
Waste disposal in Moscow is more relevant today than ever. The environmental situation in a city with a fairly high population density is noticeably deteriorating. The most important problem is not the activities of industrial enterprises, but the waste that is generated as a result of the processing of chemicals. To be more precise, the challenge lies in waste disposal. The basis for maintaining the necessary sanitary conditions in the state is the periodic controlled collection and removal of garbage outside the city and its destruction.
Disposal cost
Our advantages
Availability of license
Our company has all licenses
Contact with the Customer 24/7
Contact with the customer at any time of the day
Extensive work experience
We have been working with hazardous waste since 2004
Loyal pricing policy
Affordable prices are our main advantage!
We work with VAT
Working with us is profitable!
Same day waste removal
We work seven days a week and holidays
Own fleet of vehicles and special equipment
We use our own transport and special equipment to transport waste.
Clean deal
We provide a complete set of all necessary documentation.
The Ecotex company organizes processes for the disposal and processing of waste of any type. We offer the highest level of services at reasonable prices.
In Moscow and other large cities with a population of over a million, the environmental situation today has sharply deteriorated. The main problem is not the industrial production of enterprises, but the waste generated as a result of chemical processing. To clarify, the problem lies in the disposal of production waste. The basis for maintaining an adequate level of sanitary conditions in the country and its cities is the constant collection and removal of garbage outside the city, its neutralization and destruction. Thus, every year a colossal amount of waste accumulates in landfills, poisoning our environment! It is not surprising that humanity is thinking about waste disposal - the surest solution to this problem. Therefore, in recent years, close attention has been paid to the development and implementation of progressive, waste-free and, moreover, biopositive technologies for industrial waste processing.
Methods for recycling industrial waste
All issues regarding waste processing and disposal will be resolved in a timely manner by Ecotex! We offer many options for waste removal and disposal.
1. Method of destruction of galvanic sludge
Ferritization is the optimal way to dispose of galvanic sludge. The starting material is treated with ferrous sulfate. As a result, the sludge becomes insoluble in water. The technology allows the material to be disposed of in the most environmentally friendly way, without significant energy consumption. Ferritization of sludge occurs at temperatures above 60 degrees.
2. Method of formation of complex fertilizer
Vermicomposting technology allows you to obtain environmentally friendly organic fertilizers at low cost. To do this, the raw materials are fermented at a temperature of 25-30 degrees and constant enrichment with oxygen. After the process is completed, the material is dehydrated. The finished fertilizer is characterized by a high content of growth activators and can be used for growing crops without restrictions.
3. Method of destruction of sheet metal production waste
To recycle metal production waste, the technology of separating raw materials into individual components is used. Using heat treatment, scale, oil and other impurities are separated from the metal. The steel is sent for remelting, the sludge is further distilled, can be reused or disposed of in environmentally friendly ways. The technology is the best option for recycling waste, regardless of the level of impurities in the metal.
4. Oil sludge processing method
Chemical processing of oil sludge is carried out with the addition of special compounds, the reaction with which ensures the transition of the raw material into a solid state. In the future, the sludge can be used for various production purposes. This technology is more profitable and environmentally friendly than heat treatment. Biological processing is also in demand, but applying this method is not always possible.
5. Method for destroying industrial electrical equipment containing PCBs
The technology for destroying electrical equipment involves treating products with a special reagent in the form of steam. As a result, the PCB content after processing does not exceed 50 mg per kilogram of product. Metal components are sent for melting, the PCB is heated to a temperature of 1200 degrees and completely recycled. Despite the complexity, this technology is the most effective and environmentally friendly.
Removal and disposal of industrial waste
Name | Unit | 0-10 m³ | from 10 to 40 m³ | from 40 to 80 m³ | from 80 m³ |
0-1 t | 1-5 t | 5-20 t | more than 20 t | ||
Oil and petroleum product sludge | T | from | from | from | from |
9,000 rub. | 6,000 rub. | 4,000 rub. | 3,000 rub. | ||
Emulsion and mixtures of petroleum products | T | 8,000 rub. | 6,000 rub. | 5,000 rub. | 4,500 rub. |
Used filters | T | 12,500 rub. | 7,000 rub. | 6,500 rub. | 5,600 rub. |
The paper is dirty | m³ | 4,500 rub. | RUB 3,500 | 2,500 rub. | 2,000 rub. |
T | 9,000 rub. | 7,000 rub. | 5,000 rub. | 4,000 rub. | |
Paper uncontaminated | m³ | 800 rub. | 600 rub. | 500 rub. | 400 rub. |
T | 1,600 rub. | 1,200 rub. | 1,000 rub. | 800 rub. | |
Textiles uncontaminated | m³ | 800 rub. | 600 rub. | 500 rub. | 400 rub. |
T | 2,400 rub. | 2,000 rub. | 1,500 rub. | 1,200 rub. | |
Textiles contaminated | m³ | 4,500 rub. | RUB 3,500 | 2,500 rub. | 2,000 rub. |
T | 13,500 rub. | 10,500 rub. | 7,500 rub. | 6,500 rub. |
The level of development of the state is largely determined by the civility of the solution to such issues as the collection, destruction and recycling of waste. It is worth considering that there is a significant difference between household and industrial waste. Just a few years ago, the problem of industrial waste management was particularly acute, since for a certain time garbage was disposed of completely uncontrolled. That is, independent economic enterprises and organizations transported waste to unauthorized landfills. The result was pollution of urban and adjacent areas. However, today the government is taking strict measures to control the management of industrial waste and maintain a stable environment. A special technical inspection was organized to monitor the formation and disposal of such waste.
Recycling and removal of industrial waste are quite complex activities to organize, which are always best entrusted to qualified professionals in this field. Experienced specialists of the Moscow Environmental Service company are not only well aware of the responsibility and importance of such a task, but are also able to offer the most effective solutions, modern technical capabilities and equipment for prompt, high-quality and safe transportation and disposal of industrial waste.
A solid arsenal of modern equipment, coordinated work of a staff of real professionals in their field - all this is the key to clear and well-organized work. There are no impossible tasks for us; we always guarantee timely removal and disposal of any volumes of waste from residential areas and industrial enterprises under any conditions. We use advanced scientific developments and the latest special equipment to ensure complete safety of the environment and human health when working with garbage and waste.
Industrial waste is different from household waste. Often during the production process substances belonging to the first hazard classes are formed. This means that if such compounds enter the natural environment, they will lead to the destruction of all living things and an irreversible imbalance in the ecosystem. Therefore, it is important to dispose of this waste correctly.
Industrial waste is substances, materials and products generated at different stages of the production process and unsuitable for subsequent use to obtain products at the enterprise.
Waste produced in production after different types of impacts on raw materials can differ in their state of aggregation and be solid, gaseous or liquid.
It has been established that in modern operating conditions of industrial enterprises, the share of waste generated is 0.1 part of the amount of all raw materials used in production processes.
Classification of industrial waste
Classification of industrial waste implies its division into the following types:
- Returnable waste. Such substances and materials may remain in production for the purpose of further use in work processes different from those that resulted in their formation. They are not required to be of high quality. Often this waste is used as a consumable material. For example, waste machine oil is used to lubricate components of technical devices for the least important purposes.
- Recyclable materials. This group includes scrap that cannot be involved in the current production process, but is a valuable raw material for other industries.
- Irreversible losses. This is waste, the processing and use of which is impossible and impractical, therefore they are considered irretrievably lost. They are removed from the enterprise, stored, and in special cases subjected to neutralization and subsequent burial in specially designated areas.
In addition, industrial waste, like consumer waste, is divided into hazard classes from the most harmful to practically safe.
During the activities of enterprises, the following are generated as waste materials and losses:
- metal materials;
- plastic components;
- ash and slag accumulations;
- leather, rubber, glass products;
- remains of wood and fur;
- waste paper (you might be interested in reading about);
- construction and textile materials;
- residues of biological origin;
- fertilizer components;
- oil-containing mixtures, as well as radioactive elements, mercury, compounds of lead, arsenic, antimony, etc.
All of the above is only a small part of the waste from industrial enterprises, some of which can lead to environmental disaster.
Characteristics of industrial waste
The fate of waste produced by enterprises depends on its characteristics:
- source of education, i.e. industries;
- the stage of the production process at which it was obtained;
- influence on the human body and the state of the environment;
- quantitative indicators (mass, volume, etc.);
- recyclability;
- possible suitable disposal methods.
Industrial waste disposal
By waste disposal in the context of this article we mean their destruction.
The removal and disposal of each type of industrial waste occurs in accordance with the established hygienic classification, accepted standards and legislative acts.
Let's look at the basic methods and some nuances of eliminating industrial waste that is unsuitable for recycling, depending on its type:
- Inert garbage. Its storage is carried out together with solid waste. Also, such industrial waste can be used for filling ravines and holes, constructing garage areas, etc.
- Garbage that quickly decomposes through the activity of microorganisms. It is stored in landfills and landfills with solid waste.
- Low-toxic waste, poorly soluble in water. A list of materials has been compiled for this group, according to which they can be disposed of at landfills together with solid waste. This list includes: textiles, technical rubber, polymers, electrical insulation, asbestos-cement, graphite, abrasive materials, etc.
- Petroleum-oil-like mixtures. They are burned with solid waste.
- Compounds with increased toxicity and low atmospheric pollution. They are transported to specially equipped landfills.
- Highly toxic industrial waste. They are neutralized in a certain way, after which they are buried in compliance with special safety requirements.
Thus, two main methods for eliminating industrial waste can be distinguished:
- burial;
- burning.
The most common method of disposal of industrial waste today is landfill. This method is implemented on special land plots called polygons. Typically, there are companies located nearby that provide disposal of hazardous waste. The process uses methods of thermal and physical-chemical waste treatment, the result of which can be completely or partially neutralized waste. Burial is carried out in special pits, the entire area allocated for them is fenced with barbed wire.
There are a number of requirements for the location of landfills: sites cannot be located in mining areas, in mountainous surroundings, in swamps, near underground sources of drinking water, in green urban areas, etc.
Incineration involves reducing the original volume of industrial waste by 85% or more. The process is carried out at a waste incineration plant, where high-temperature furnaces of various design solutions are installed. A modern thermal method of waste disposal is pyrolysis, the essence of which is the combustion of materials under anaerobic conditions. In order to destroy harmful components, oxidative and dry pyrolysis are used.
Disposal of liquid industrial waste that is not extremely toxic to the environment is carried out by passing wastewater through the enterprise's treatment facilities. The process involves mechanical, biological, physico-chemical stages, as well as disinfection of treated wastewater.
The listed methods of disposal and disposal make it possible to reduce the negative impact of production waste on nature and the human body, but do not completely solve the problem.
The modern landfill for industrial non-radioactive waste and the technologies used there are described in the following video.
Features of hazardous waste disposal
Existing processing technologies are not currently used for hazardous industrial waste (classes 1-3). Their disposal is carried out in special ways using special technical means. The main methods used to dispose of hazardous waste include cementation, glass encapsulation (and other types of fixation), microwave exposure, incineration and high-pressure sterilization, and disposal in a carefully designed landfill.
A popular way to dispose of hazardous liquids is to bury them. The workings in liquid form are pumped into special wells consisting of pipes: external, protective and for direct injection.
In addition, special combustion methods, such as atomized and over-bed, are used to eliminate harmful liquids.
Activities for the disposal of hazardous substances require high professionalism from workers, good knowledge of process technologies and the equipment used.
Important! Incorrect and unauthorized liquidation of production works can lead not only to a large-scale environmental problem, but also to criminal liability for the persons managing the enterprise.
Recycling of production waste
Methods for processing industrial waste:
- mechanical – grinding and separation;
- biochemical – neutralization of waste by using special types of microorganisms and further use as recyclable materials;
- diffusion - includes drying, crystallization, distillation;
- chemical – changes the properties of the original substance;
- thermal - processing waste (for example, tires and tires) into fuel by burning raw materials in pyrolysis plants;
- hydrodynamic - includes a number of methods: sedimentation, filtration, separation of the mixture in centrifuges, etc.
The listed methods imply the production of new products useful for various sectors of life from waste materials. As an example, we will give the process of processing metallurgical slag, because it is one of the main components of the total mass of generated industrial waste.
Conventional slag conversion technology consists of:
- preliminary disassembly and sorting;
- grinding in crushing plants;
- metal release;
- control sorting;
- transporting the product to the consumer.
The process uses equipment such as sifters, crushers, magnetic separators, and conveyor belts for manual sorting of raw materials.
Recycled slag from metallurgical production is used for road construction, agriculture, construction materials, etc.
The main goals of processing industrial waste are to reduce the level of their negative impact on the environment, to reduce the area allocated for waste storage, and, of course, to make a profit from the production and sale of new products.
Recycling industrial waste is aimed at protecting the environment and human health, as well as conserving often non-renewable natural resources. But some business managers do not want to spend money on waste disposal or recycling, which leads to disastrous consequences. To improve the situation, people's consciousness needs to change.