Polo sedan with a new engine. The most reliable Volkswagen gasoline engines according to owner reviews Which engine is the best for Volkswagen
Audi cars are one of the most desirable representatives of the secondary market. There are several reasons for this interest: the high durability of many models, pleasant finishes, good equipment and excellent technical data. But when choosing a used “car with rings”, you should be careful.
Firstly, low prices are often a harbinger of low mileage or hidden defects. Secondly, parts and repairs are often expensive. Even if nothing breaks, maintenance costs will be high. At the same time, with the increase in the Audi class, the cost of ownership increases like an avalanche.
If the Audi A3 is not yet so expensive to maintain, then the Audi A6 may turn out to be unaffordable. It's all about a more complex suspension, electronics and a tightly packed engine compartment.
Both petrol and diesel engines can generate unexpectedly high costs. Among gasoline units, a breakthrough occurred in 2007. Then the 1.4, 1.8 and 2.0 TFSI came under the Audi hood. At the same time, numerous troubles arose: the timing drive failed, oil wasted, pistons were destroyed. The V6 deteriorated somewhat earlier when the fast and robust 2.4 was replaced by the 2.4 FSI.
The story in the diesel branch is no less complicated. An example of this is the successful 1.9 TDI and the failed 2.5 V6 TDI (the latest versions of which, for example, BAU have already been practically freed from the defect). Then came the unsuccessful 2.0 TDI PD with pump injectors and the decent 3.0 TDI V6. Later, the 2.0 TDI PD was replaced by the improved 2.0 TDI CR with common rail injection system.
Gasoline engines.
1.6 8V – low operating costs.
You shouldn't expect good dynamics and efficiency from a 1.6-liter naturally aspirated petrol engine. However, the Audi A3 with 1.6 8V is the cheapest Audi to maintain. Those who love dynamic driving should stay away from cars with such an engine.
This engine can be found under the hood of the Audi A3 (1st and 2nd generation) and A4 (B5 and B6). It was also widely used in other VW Group vehicles. Only the first A3, which weighs just over a ton, drives moderately well. A4 B6 is too heavy for 1.6. Disadvantages include fuel consumption. 9 liters per 100 km seems disproportionately high for mediocre dynamics.
However, in the era of complex engines, this is the only unit that guarantees low operating costs. Among the typical malfunctions, one can only note failing ignition coils and contamination of the throttle valve. Nothing expensive. Replacing the timing belt? Installation of gas equipment? It doesn’t get any cheaper, especially when compared to engines with direct injection and timing chain drive.
The motor uses an aluminum body and head. The crankshaft rests on five bearings, and multipoint (distributed) injection is responsible for fuel supply. The camshaft is located in the cylinder head.
Advantages:
Simple design;
Cheap repairs;
Tolerates the introduction of HBO well;
Low cost of the car.
Flaws:
Poor dynamics (overtaking is difficult, especially in the case of the A4);
Relatively high fuel consumption.
1.8 Turbo – powerful and reliable.
The 1.8-liter turbocharged engine is still worthy of attention. It is durable and fairly cheap to repair. The possibility of tuning is also appreciated.
The 1.8 T provides decent performance and reasonable fuel consumption. This is one of the first turbo engines to become widespread. It can be found not only in Audi, but also in Volkswagen, Skoda and Seat. The engine was even used in industry.
The unit has a cast iron block, a forged steel crankshaft and an aluminum cylinder head with 20 valves (3 inlet and 2 exhaust per cylinder). A toothed belt is used to drive one camshaft, and the second shaft is connected to the first by a short chain. The KKK turbine has no moving blades (constant geometry), and fuel injection is distributed. The block in a “dry state” weighs about 150 kg.
It soon became clear that the 1.8 Turbo has very great potential. It was produced as standard at 240 hp, and during the tuning process it can easily withstand boost up to 300 hp. Of course, in the case of a tuning unit, you should increase your vigilance, since it may already be worn out.
And yet, more often the turbo engine was not used for sports trips. Under normal conditions, a car with such an engine consumes from 9 to 14 liters per 100 km.
With age, a number of shortcomings have emerged (timing timing belt and thermostat), but their elimination does not require large expenses.
Advantages:
Good compromise between performance and fuel consumption;
Availability and availability of spare parts;
Wide choice on the market.
Flaws:
Several unpleasant typical defects in old cars with high mileage (oil consumption and timing faults).
Application examples:
Audi A3 I (8L);
Audi TT I (8N);
Audi A4 B5, B6 and B7.
2.4 V6 - only until 2005.
Despite the emergence of increasingly powerful in-line turbo-fours, Audi fans still prefer naturally aspirated petrol V6s, especially in early versions. Of course, you shouldn’t count on low fuel consumption - at least 10 liters per 100 km. In the city you will have to reckon with even 20 liters. But the trip will seem pleasant.
It is necessary to clearly distinguish between two generations of the 2.4-liter engine. They have the same volume and dimensions, but modernization took place in 2004. Before the update, the block was cast iron, and the head had 30 valves (5 per cylinder). Afterwards, the block became aluminum, the number of valves was reduced to 24, direct injection and a timing chain appeared.
The latest innovations have let us down. Due to the direct injection system (FSI), carbon deposits accumulated on the valves after only a few tens of thousands of kilometers. There were problems with the timing chain tensioner and a small strainer in the lubrication system. Completely ignoring the noise often resulted in chain jumping and serious damage. In 2008, Audi eliminated the vulnerability of the timing drive, but the engine could not withstand the pressure of 4-cylinder turbo engines.
Advantages:
Good elasticity;
High reliability (only before updating);
Versions with distributed injection easily tolerate the installation of gas equipment.
Flaws:
Limited sense of installing HBO in the updated version of FSI;
Expensive timing faults (FSI);
Quite high fuel consumption.
Application examples:
Audi A4 II (B6);
Audi A6 C5 and C6.
Diesel engines.
1.9 TDI – durable and economical.
This is the most recognizable diesel engine of recent years. Even an older Audi with a 1.9 TDI is worth a look - robust construction and inexpensive repairs.
1.9 TDI is a legend engine. Produced since 1991 and modernized many times. It has found its way into many other VW Group vehicles.
The 90-horsepower version with a distribution-type injection pump is recognized as the most reliable and cheapest to operate and repair. The engine has a simple design, a constant geometry turbine and a single-mass flywheel.
Yes, minor problems happen sometimes. For example, with an exhaust gas recirculation valve, an air flow meter and a fuel pump. But for the most part, malfunctions are caused not by design flaws or poor quality, but by considerable age and high mileage.
The younger and more powerful versions of the 1.9 TDI have introduced more solutions that can create problems. We are talking about a variable geometry turbine, a dual-mass flywheel, pump injectors and a DPF. However, even these versions appear in a more favorable light against the background of diesel engines.
The exception is the 2006-2008 BXE version, which fell, for example, under the hood of the second generation Audi A3. There are many cases of bearings turning after 120-150 thousand km.
Advantages:
Simple design;
Good endurance;
Low fuel consumption.
Flaws:
There are many worn-out examples (the engine was installed until 2009, and since 2004 it has been gradually replaced by a 2-liter turbodiesel);
Poor work culture: noise and vibration, especially after starting a cold engine.
Application examples:
Audi A3 I (8L) and II (8P);
Audi A4 B6 and B7;
Audi A6 C4 and C5.
2.0 TDI CR – everything is finally good.
A 2-liter diesel engine is the main unit for most Audi models. Since 2007, he began to use the Common Rail injection system.
The design flaws of the 2.0 TDI with unit injectors prompted Volkswagen engineers to thoroughly modernize it. Changing the way we eat is the most important new thing. The pistons were also updated, problems with the oil pump drive were eliminated, a new cylinder head and camshafts were installed. As a result, engine durability was significantly improved, but disadvantages also appeared.
When buying an Audi with a 2.0 TDI engine, you should check the car's history. Often, these were cheap and economical versions purchased for commercial or corporate garages. They have huge mileage and have not always been well maintained.
Typical faults affect the dual-mass flywheel and turbocharger. Piezoelectric injectors fail here no more often than their competitors. Fortunately, they can be restored. As part of the service campaign, the manufacturer replaced the high-pressure lines.
Advantages:
Good performance with acceptable fuel consumption;
Good durability (especially compared to the 2.0 TDI PD);
Wide variety of versions.
Flaws:
Expensive maintenance (complex design and expensive spare parts);
Significant mileage of many copies, despite their relatively young age.
Application examples:
Audi A4 III (B8);
Audi A6 III (C6).
3.0 TDI – for the demanding.
High performance and dynamics are not the only advantages of the 3.0 TDI. Therefore, many choose it with pleasure, even despite the fairly high maintenance costs.
The 3-liter turbodiesel was designed to correct the bad reputation of Audi V6 diesels, spoiled by the 2.5 TDI V6. The 3.0 TDI earns respect not only for its performance, but also for its durability. The block, cylinder head and crank mechanism turned out to be very strong. There are 4 valves and one piezoelectric injector for each cylinder.
The problems mainly concern equipment. The most common problem is the timing drive, the replacement cost of which is very expensive. Before 2011, 4 chains were used, and after - two. The drive chain is located on the gearbox side. To replace it, you have to remove the engine.
The flap in the intake manifold (repair kits are available for sale) and the DPF are not free from shortcomings. The engine is constantly being improved, and in later versions malfunctions are much less common.
Advantages:
High work culture;
Good performance;
Low fuel consumption;
Good service life for many engine parts.
Flaws:
Expensive in troubleshooting timing belt, intake manifold and DPF faults;
Many examples on the market have high mileage and questionable technical condition.
Application examples:
Audi A5 I (8T/8F);
Audi Q7 I (4L);
Audi A8 II (D3).
Risky choice!
Audi's range includes engines that are great in theory but painfully disappointing in practice. In particular, mention should be made of the first generation 1.4 TFSI with a problematic timing chain drive. Currently, a more reliable version with a timing belt drive is used.
The 1.8 and 2.0 TFSI engines with the code designation “EA888” are tempting with their high output. However, they suffer from high engine oil consumption. There are also problems with the turbine, camshafts and electronics.
There are also black sheep among diesel units. For example, the Audi A2 was equipped with a 1.4 TDI with pump injectors. The problem is the appearance of crankshaft play, the elimination of which is not economically feasible. The 2.0 TDI PD is known for its cracking cylinder head and poor equipment durability. The 2.5 TDI V6 is plagued by numerous mistakes with the timing belt, as well as with the lubrication and power system.
Conclusion.
Once upon a time, buying an Audi was easier - the engines guaranteed quiet operation. Nowadays you need to pay attention to the version. Along with truly successful engines, those for which the designers should be ashamed were also used. At the same time, even a fairly reliable modern engine will be expensive to maintain and maintain.
vvm-auto.ru
Volkswagen engines - diesel, contract, their cooling system, diagnostics, videos on the topic
The Volkswagen concern produces a fairly wide range of power units, which includes spark-ignition gasoline engines and compression-ignition diesel engines. The concern installs its own developments on both passenger cars and trucks.
Review of Volkswagen engines
The Volkswagen concern, founded in Berlin on May 28, 1937, declared as a priority the production of affordable cars with optimal technical characteristics. The machines had to meet the following requirements:
- the highest possible level of security;
- reliable engine;
- economical use of fuel;
- acceptable comfort;
- salon for four people;
- minimal impact on the environment;
- decent quality of interior trim.
In other words, the concern had to produce budget cars with a powerful and economical engine.
Every VW Beetle owner imagined himself in a car with a powerful engine
Evolution of Volkswagen engines
All engines produced by the Volkswagen Group are tested at the accredited testing center Deutsches Institut für Normung. The units have an efficient direct injection system and an environmentally friendly exhaust system. The concern has received several innovation awards for its engines.
All power units have been developed in accordance with Volkswagen environmental standardsThroughout its history, the concern has tried to make the engine more economical. The result of this research was a unit that consumes 3 liters of fuel per 100 km. It was a 1.2 liter three-cylinder diesel engine with an aluminum block, injection system, turbocharger and supply air cooling. Reducing the number of cylinders had a slight effect on the dynamic characteristics of the engine. With minimal fuel consumption, the unit showed decent power due to:
- reducing engine weight;
- reducing friction between contacting units and parts;
- increasing the combustion efficiency of the fuel-air mixture;
- modernization of the injection system with an exhaust gas turbocharger.
The family of light turbocharged gasoline engines defines a new direction for the concern's development
First Volkswagen engines
In 1938, the VW Type 1 was released, powered by the revolutionary air-cooled F4 four-cylinder engine. The unit had a volume of 1.131 liters and a power of 34 liters. With. In the process of evolution, engine volume increased from 1.2 to 1.6 liters. The latest model was the perfect combination of performance, efficiency and reliability. Due to the design of the carburetor, optimal proportions were observed when forming the combustible mixture. The 1.6 liter engine marked the beginning of a line of engines for cargo and passenger vans.
The production capacity of the Volkswagen engine plant in Kaluga allows the production of up to 5,000 engines per year
Volkswagen engine specifications
The standard Volkswagen engine is a four-cylinder unit with an overhead camshaft and water cooling. Typically, the cylinder block, its head and pistons are made of aluminum alloy, and the crankshaft with three support bearings is made of forged stamped steel.
Volkswagen engines have the following technical characteristics:
- fuel consumed - gasoline or diesel fuel;
- cooling system - air or liquid;
- type of cylinder arrangement - in-line, V-shaped or VR;
- volume - from 1 to 5 l;
- power - from 25 to 420 hp. With.;
- fuel consumption - from 3 to 10 liters per 100 km;
- number of cylinders - from 3 to 10;
- piston diameter - up to 81 mm;
- number of working cycles - 2 or 4;
- type of mixture ignition - spark ignition or compression ignition;
- number of camshafts - 1, 2 or 4;
- the number of valves in the combustion chamber is 2 or 4.
TSI petrol engines are the ideal combination of performance and economy. Even at low speeds they deliver maximum torque, while the carefully calibrated combination of piston movement, turbocharging and direct injection ensures even fuel delivery.
The fuel injector sprays the fuel mixture under high pressure
Volkswagen gasoline engines are characterized by:
- formation of the fuel mixture in the intake manifold or directly in the combustion chamber;
- ignition of the mixture from spark plugs;
- uniform combustion of the mixture;
- quantitative adjustment of the mixture;
- four-stroke principle of operation with two revolutions of the crankshaft at an angle of 720°.
Volkswagen TDI diesel engines with turbocharging and direct fuel injection are characterized by:
- efficiency;
- high traction power;
- productivity;
- reliability in operation.
Optimal viscosity of diesel fuel ensures good mixture formation in the combustion chamber
The operation of a Volkswagen diesel engine is characterized by the following points:
- formation of a mixture of fuel and air in the combustion chamber;
- self-ignition of fuel from heated compressed air;
- high compression ratio;
- high-quality preparation of the mixture;
- The principle of operation of a four-stroke engine is two revolutions of the crankshaft.
The designers were able to compactly place the oversized engine in the engine compartment
The advantages of Volkswagen gasoline engines are:
- low weight-to-power ratio (kg/kW);
- wide range of uses;
- good dynamics;
- low cost;
- all-season;
- ease of maintenance.
However, such units also have disadvantages. First of all this:
- relatively high fuel consumption;
- weak traction at low speeds;
- increase in consumption when loading the cabin;
- fire hazard of fuel.
Three-quarters of the 2013 Volkswagen Jettas are equipped with a two-liter turbodiesel engine.
The advantages of engines running on diesel fuel include:
- low fuel consumption;
- high torque;
- lack of spark plugs;
- good handling at low speeds;
- good throttle response in high gears.
The disadvantages of diesel engines are:
- high requirements for fuel quality;
- seasonality of fuel (problematic starting in cold weather);
- quite expensive maintenance;
- the need to strictly adhere to the frequency of oil and filter changes;
- high cost.
Volkswagen engines for trucks
Vehicles carrying heavy loads typically operate at low speeds and require increased engine power. The best option for them is a flexible diesel engine with an optimal ratio of its power and vehicle weight. The higher the elasticity of the engine, the less time it takes to accelerate. This is especially true in city conditions, where diesel units are much more efficient than gasoline ones.
The VW Crafter engine is a combination of practicality, functionality and efficiency
Cylinder arrangement in Volkswagen engines
Depending on the location of the cylinders there are:
- in-line engines;
- V-engines;
- VR engines.
Each variety has its own advantages and disadvantages.
In-line engine
A conventional piston engine consists of a series of cylinders arranged one behind the other. It is most often installed on cars and trucks and usually consists of four cylinders, the counting of which starts from the flywheel.
The four-cylinder engine is most often installed in cars and trucks.
The advantages of a four-stroke engine with a longitudinally symmetrical crankshaft are usually noted as good dynamics and relatively low cost. The disadvantage of such a unit is the increased requirements for space in the engine compartment required to accommodate a block of four cylinders.
V-twin engine
A V-twin engine consists of several cylinders located at an angle to each other. The tilt angle can reach 180°. Due to this, a larger number of cylinders can be placed in a limited space. All engines with eight or more cylinders are typically a V-twin model (V6, V8 or V12). V4 units, compared to their in-line counterparts, have a better weight-to-power ratio, but are more expensive to manufacture.
A V-twin engine consists of several cylinders located at an angle to each other
Compared to an in-line engine, the V-twin unit is more compact and lightweight. Thus, the V12 is only slightly longer than the six-cylinder in-line engine. The disadvantage is its more complex design, certain difficulties when balancing, a high level of vibration and the need to duplicate some components.
Video: operation of a V-twin engine with 8 cylinders
VR engine
The VR engine, developed by the concern, is a symbiosis of a V-engine with an extremely small camber angle (15°) and an in-line unit. Its six cylinders are located at an angle of 15°. This differs from traditional V-engines, in which this angle is 60° or 90°. The pistons are located in the block in a checkerboard pattern. This design allows you to combine the multiplicity of a V-twin engine with the small width of an in-line engine and significantly saves space in the engine compartment.
VR engine is a combination of V-twin and in-line engine
The VR engine also has a number of disadvantages:
- a large angle of inclination of the connecting rods leads to high radial loads on the pistons;
- the uneven length of the intake and exhaust channels affects the air supply and exhaust gas removal;
- Manufacturing a cylinder head is quite expensive.
Characteristics of engines produced by Volkswagen AG
The Volkswagen concern produces both gasoline and diesel engines.
Volkswagen petrol engines
In the evolution of Volkswagen gasoline engines, several main models can be distinguished.
Table: technical characteristics of Volkswagen gasoline engines
In the table, the engines are located according to the letter code. Engines for VW Beetle and VW Transporter manufactured before 1965 did not have a letter code. They are indicated in the table by code 1.
Volkswagen diesel engines
The main representatives of the family of diesel engines produced by Volkswagen are the following units.
Table: technical characteristics of Volkswagen diesel engines
Video: Volkswagen W8 engine operation
Factories producing engines for Volkswagen cars
The Volkswagen Group is the largest automaker in the world. The number of employees is 370 thousand people who work at 61 factories in 15 European countries, North and South America, Asia and Africa. Up to 26,600 cars are produced annually, sold in 150 countries. The main production centers for Volkswagen powertrains are:
Contract engines
Any engine has a limited service life. After this resource expires, the car owner can:
- make a major overhaul of the original engine;
- purchase under contract in Europe or America and install a used engine.
The contract motor fully complies with the technical requirements and is a working unit dismantled from a similar car.
All contract engines undergo pre-sale inspection. Suppliers usually adjust all systems, do a test run and guarantee uninterrupted operation and a long service life. In addition to contract engines, technical documents, attachments and installation elements are included.
Overhauling a car engine is not always advisable. Especially if this model has already been discontinued.
So, a friend of mine owned an original Volkswagen Golf 1.4 with a manual transmission from 1994. The car was used all year round and at any opportunity. Sometimes it was loaded to the limit. The old car had difficulty making it up hills with an engine that was not very fresh. The car, although compact, is quite roomy. Over the five years of ownership, I changed the clutch basket and release bearing. I perceived timing belts and rollers as consumables. I planned to change the pistons and do a major overhaul of the engine due to oil consumption and low thrust. But on one of the trips I didn’t keep track of the temperature and overheated the engine so much that the head turned. Repairs amounted to almost 80 percent of the car's cost. This is a high price for a used car, not counting the time spent on repairs, searching for original parts or identical analogues. Back then we had no idea about the possibility of replacing the engine with a complete set. Now we wouldn’t even think twice about it.
The advantages of an engine purchased under a contract are:
- factory quality;
- work on high-quality fuel;
- slight wear;
- long service life;
- use of high-quality lubricants;
- caring attitude from the former owners;
- strict compliance with maintenance standards;
- dealer service;
- low cost compared to a new unit.
The disadvantages of such engines include:
- high mileage of foreign cars;
- inability to check service life;
- no guarantee that the former owner will comply with the manufacturer’s recommendations.
You should not purchase a power unit older than seven years. This is true for diesel engines.
Volkswagen engine life and manufacturer's warranties
Determining the degree of engine wear is quite difficult, since it depends on:
- resource regulated by the manufacturer;
- operating conditions;
- vehicle load;
- driving style.
Volkswagen guarantees that every part and component of the car meets the standards. This warranty is valid for a year or 20 thousand km (whichever occurs first) from the date of purchase for individual parts and for 4 years or 100 thousand km for the entire vehicle.
Lack of proper attention to the engine will accelerate its wear.
A reliable mechanism does not cause trouble with increased wear of parts when changing engine oil regularly.
The warranty becomes void in cases caused by:
- misuse;
- negligence during operation;
- changes and modifications of components and assemblies;
- improperly carried out repairs;
- incorrect adjustment of individual components;
- intentional damage to parts;
- using parts and consumables that do not correspond to this model;
- use of vehicles for competitive and off-road purposes;
- failure to comply with recommended maintenance intervals and operating requirements;
- collision with objects;
- vandalism of others;
- environmental damage;
- floods;
- accidents;
- fire.
When purchasing a new car, to extend engine life, experts recommend paying attention to the following points:
- The first thousand kilometers of a new car should not be driven at high speeds. The crankshaft rotation speed should not exceed 75% of the maximum possible value. Otherwise, oil consumption will increase and wear on the inner surface of the cylinders will begin. This can significantly reduce the resource of the power unit.
- The engine should be warmed up before driving. This condition is especially important for turbo engines and diesel engines.
- In new diesel engines, the oil level should be checked at every refueling.
- Volkswagen's recommended engine maintenance intervals must be strictly followed.
Self-diagnosis of the engine
In a modern car, the engine control unit controls the operation of sensors and main components. Possible problems are indicated by warning lights in the instrument cluster - for example, the Check Engine indicator. In addition, through the standard OBD-II port, you can connect diagnostic equipment and obtain detailed information about the operation of individual systems by reading fault codes.
Self-diagnosis allows you to avoid additional costs when visiting a car service center
Living in rural areas, you do not always have the time and opportunity to visit a service center. But you shouldn’t put up with the malfunction either, because later there will be more problems. So, the diagnostic scanner helped me out when identifying a faulty knock sensor with code P0326 “Signal out of acceptable range.” In addition, the adapter helped to independently detect the problem area with almost worn out generator brushes. Code P0562 indicated a low voltage level on the on-board network. The solution to the problem was to replace the “tablet” with a new copy. Using the scanner even in error reading mode made it possible to restore the original state of the engine's key parts. And sometimes it was enough to reset the system errors of the on-board computer when a malfunction was detected in order to calmly hit the road.
Necessary diagnostic tools
To carry out computer diagnostics you will need:
- diagnostic device corresponding to the vehicle's electronic system;
- computer or smartphone to decrypt the information received.
Troubleshooting algorithm for OBD-II diagnostic adapter
Volkswagen engine cooling system
The smooth operation of Volkswagen engines is largely determined by the efficiency and reliability of the cooling system, which is a closed loop connecting the power unit, radiator and pipelines. Coolant circulates through this circuit. Cooling of the heated liquid occurs in the radiator. The basis of the coolant is ethylene glycol, which is stable over a wide temperature range. The manufacturer recommends using only certain brands of coolant.
Engine coolant is usually colored, making any leaks easy to spot.
The engine cooling system is a closed circuit through which antifreeze is forced to circulate: 1 - radiator; 2 - pump; 3 - fan; 4 - thermostat; 5 - interior heater; 6 - interior heater valve; 7 - engine; 8 - direction of air flow
The water pump provides forced coolant circulation through the cooling circuit and is driven by a belt. The Volkswagen engine cooling system piping consists of hoses, a radiator and an expansion tank. Temperature control devices include sensors, a thermostat, a radiator and expansion tank cap, and a fan. All these elements function independently of the power unit. Temperature control allows you to regulate engine performance and exhaust gas composition.
Cooling system malfunctions
Most cooling system problems are the result of lack of proper maintenance of its elements and untimely replacement of coolant. The radiator and pipes are subject to wear, reducing cooling efficiency.
The main signs of malfunction are small spots of coolant under the car after parking overnight and a strong smell of the coolant when driving.
The most common problems that occur in the cooling system are:
- low coolant level, leading to the appearance of air pockets, overheating and accelerated corrosion of exposed metal surfaces;
- use of low quality coolant or a type not recommended by the manufacturer;
- leaking or clogging of the radiator and expansion tank;
- water remaining in the system after flushing it;
- damage to the water pump drive belt;
- coolant leak.
The location of the leak can be determined by the nature of the liquid spreading
The cooling system is not something to be trifled with, so it is worth checking the fluid level periodically.
If the engine overheats significantly, the cylinder head may become deformed and the effectiveness of the sealing gasket will decrease.
Troubleshooting
You can keep your cooling system in working order using the following simple procedures:
- daily inspection of the system for coolant leaks;
- control of coolant composition, preventing water from entering the system;
- complete flushing of the system after draining the old coolant;
- periodically cleaning the radiator from leaves, debris and dirt;
- periodically check the tension and condition of the pump drive belt.
Video: Fixing a coolant leak on a VW Jetta
Maintenance of the cooling system involves performing the following actions:
- periodic cleaning of the engine compartment;
- replacing the coolant every five years;
- replacing hoses every two years;
- replacing the thermostat at high engine temperatures;
- tension adjustment and timely replacement of the water pump belt;
- replacing the pump when the first signs of a malfunction appear;
- checking and replacing the cooling fan and temperature sensors when the engine temperature slowly drops.
It is obvious that trouble-free operation of the cooling system is only possible if other systems and components of Volkswagen vehicles operate correctly.
Thus, the range of Volkswagen engines is quite wide. Each potential car owner can choose a power unit in accordance with his wishes, financial capabilities and operating conditions of the car.
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Top 10 most reliable engines - DRIVE2
Fiat 1.2 / 1.4 8V "FIRE".
Production: from 1993 - 1.2 l, from 2003 - 1.4 l.
Application: Fiat Punto/Grande Punto/Punto Evo, Fiat 500, Fiat Panda, Fiat Idea, Fiat Palio, Ford Ka (2nd generation), Fiat Linea, Lancia Musa, Lancia Y.
Fiat engines of the FIRE series (Fully Integrated Robotised Engine - an engine completely assembled by robots) are already more than 30 years old. The range of power units covers a wide range of engines with a displacement from 769 cm3 to 1368 cm3, and 8-valve versions were later supplemented with 16-valve ones. Two 8-valve units without hydraulic pushers are worthy of attention.
In general, all versions of engines with an 8-valve head, regardless of displacement, turned out to be very durable. The simple design showed high wear resistance even in small engines (for example, 1.1). Outdated 8-valve versions, after a timing belt rupture, will not require major repairs, which is inevitable for more modern modifications that have a higher compression ratio and comply with Euro-5 standards.
FIRE engines have always been characterized by “plasticity” of character. Incredibly, two absolutely identical engines behaved completely differently after running in. So with calm drivers he behaved lazily, and with temperamental drivers he behaved more lively.
Regular maintenance includes replacing the timing belt, spark plugs and a reasonable oil change interval (in Europe it is a maximum of 15,000 km). These engines are absolutely reliable, only occasionally causing minor oil leaks.
Ford 1.3 8V Duratec "Rocam".
Production: 2001-2008
Application: Ford Ka (1st generation), Ford Fiesta VI.
The engine is similar in design and parameters to the older 1.3 OHV. It has a cast iron block, timing chain and hydraulic tappets. The power unit is rather lazy, but absolutely reliable. It has good traction at low revs and requires minimal operating costs. The engine was assembled in Brazil and South Africa (South Africa). The abbreviation Rocam means shaft with roller bearings.
Along with the ancient OHC "Pinto" unit (used in the Ford Sierra, for example), this is one of the most reliable engines to ever sit under the hood of a Ford. Larger Rocams with a displacement of 1.6 liters are much less common. They were used mainly in the “charged” Ford SportKa and Ford StreetKa.
Honda 2.2 i-DTEC.
Production: 2008-2015.
Application: Honda Accord 8th generation, Honda CR-V 3rd generation, Honda Civic – 9th generation.
In fact, you could list 98% of Honda's petrol units here and no one would object. But much more interesting is the fact that the Japanese diesel engine turned out to be very reliable. And this despite the fact that its design uses all the most vulnerable elements of modern diesel engines, which the best competitors cannot cope with.
The use of a single-row timing chain is completely counterproductive, not to mention the thermally unstable aluminum block with thin, dry steel cylinder inserts (complicating heat dissipation), as any BMW N47 diesel connoisseur will tell you.
In 2.2 i-DTEC, such a set works properly for a long time. Even piezoelectric injectors, a turbocharger (has water-cooled bearings) and an electrically controlled EGR valve do not cause problems. The typically carbon-encrusted swirl flaps in the intake manifold were replaced with a bypass valve at the entrance to the split intake tract, and the EGR was “plugged in” behind it.
The only known drawback is the failure of the DPF differential pressure sensor.
Mercedes M266 (1.5 / 1.7 / 2.0).
Production: 2004-2012.
Application: Mercedes A-Class (W/C 169), Mercedes B-Class (T 245).
Durable and reliable diesel engines from OM601 to OM606 are known from the legendary W124. But they have long been outdated. However, even among newer units you can find a durable motor. This is M266. The 4-cylinder petrol engine is an evolution of the previous M166, known from the first A-Class and Vaneo.
The engine received a specific design, since it had to be placed at a large angle in a cramped engine compartment. The engineers relied on simplicity: only one timing chain and an 8-valve timing mechanism.
The mechanical part is very reliable. Injector malfunctions are very rare (somewhat surprising for a gasoline engine with indirect injection). But in most cases, the defect appeared during the warranty period.
All three versions of the motor are very durable. The presence of turbocharging for A200 Turbo modifications theoretically increases the likelihood of malfunctions, but in reality nothing like this happens. The disadvantages include slightly increased fuel consumption, but this is due to the insufficiently good aerodynamics of the body.
Mitsubishi 1.3 / 1.5 / 1.6 MIVEC (4A9 series).
Production: since 2004.
Application: Mitsubishi Colt, Mitsubishi Lancer, Mitsubishi ASX, Smart ForFour, Citroën C4 Aircross.
Almost all Mitsubishi gasoline engines are very reliable, so choosing the best one is not easy. One of the most common is the 4-cylinder unit of the 4A9 series. It was created as a Mitsubishi/Daimler-Chrysler collaboration and is one of the most reliable engines on the market today.
The 4A9 is made entirely of aluminum, has a 16-valve DOHC gas distribution system, a variable intake valve timing system with electronic control MIVEC (some versions of the 1.3-liter engine do not have it). Although the engine is more than 10 years old, there are no known problems. Cars with such engines come to the service center only for maintenance - replacement, oil, filters and spark plugs.
4A9 is only atmospheric. The turbocharged Colt CZT/Ralliart models use a completely different Mitsubishi "Orion" series engine. The Citroen C4 Aircross inherits the engine from its technical twin, the Mitsubishi ASX 1.6 MIVEC, but markets it under the simple name 1.6 i, and in some markets even under the absolutely amazing 1.6 VTi.
PSA 1.4 HDi 8V (DV4).
Production: since 2001.
Application: Citroen C1, C2 Citroen, Citroen C3, Citroen Nemo, Peugeot 107, Peugeot 1007, Peugeot 206, Peugeot 207, Peugeot Bipper, Toyota Aygo, Ford Fiesta, Ford Fusion, Mazda 2.
The little 1.4 HDi can be seen as the successor to the legendary XUD7/XUD9. Even though, on paper, the 1.4 HDi was created in collaboration with Ford (like the larger 1.6 HDi). In fact, this is a completely French design, which turned out to be very successful.
Like Honda, the French were able to create a durable aluminum block with dry inserts. A timing belt can last 240,000 km or 10 years. A simple turbocharger will last forever. The common rail injection system from Siemens has proven itself from the very beginning. Mazda, Ford and some PSA models have recently mentioned the Bosch injection system.
Initiates know that there is also a 16-valve version with a return of 90 hp. for more powerful options - Citroen C3 1.4 HDi and Suzuki Liana 1.4 DDiS. With its leaky 16-valve head, variable geometry turbocharger and Delphi injection system, this engine will never compare to a simple 8-valve version in terms of reliability.
Subaru 3.0 / 3.6 R6 (EZ30 / EZ36).
Production: since 2000.
Application: Subaru Legacy, Subaru Outback, Subaru Tribeca.
Of all the famous boxer engines of Subaru, the most reliable are the naturally aspirated six-cylinder EZ series, known for the Outback, Legacy 3.0R and the Tribeca crossover. The first versions of the 3-liter engines for the Outback H6 (219 hp until 2002) still had a mechanical throttle control drive and an aluminum intake manifold. Later modifications (245 hp), despite more complex technologies (among others, a system for adjusting the lift height and phases of the intake valves, and in the 3.6 also the exhaust valves), did not become more “vulnerable”.
The engine has so-called wet cylinder liners and a durable timing chain. The only real drawback is the relatively high level of fuel consumption (especially in the Legacy 3.0 Spec B, equipped with a sports manual transmission with a short-throw gear selector) and minor difficulties during maintenance (for example, to replace spark plugs due to poor accessibility to the “horizontally” located engine).
Suzuki 1.3/1.5/1.6 DOHC "M".
Production: since 2000.
Application: Suzuki Jimny, Suzuki Swift, Suzuki Ignis, Suzuki SX4, Suzuki Liana, Suzuki Grand Vitara (1.6), Fiat Sedici (1.6), Subaru Justy III.
The M series engines include small capacity engines 1.3, 1.5, 1.6 and 1.8. The latter is intended exclusively for the Australian market. On the European continent, the power unit is found in almost all small and medium-sized Suzuki models that appeared at the turn of the millennium, and in the Fiat Sedici 1.6, which is a copy of the Suzuki SX4. The mechanical part of the engine is very reliable and durable. Even the VVT variable valve timing system, used by most engine modifications, does not cause any complaints. It is not present only in the 1.3-liter version intended for Ignis and Jimny before 2005, and in the old 1.5 modifications for SX4.
The timing chain drive is reliable. Minor deficiencies include small oil leaks through the crankshaft oil seal. More serious malfunctions practically never occur.
Toyota 1.5 1NZ-FXE Hybrid.
Production: since 1997.
Application: Toyota Prius I, Toyota Prius II, Toyota Yaris III Hybrid.
As in the case of Honda, almost all Toyota engines could be included in this review, but we will focus on the hybrid, which most motorists still perceive with skepticism. And this despite the fact that this power unit has unprecedented reliability. A simple high compression gasoline engine running on the Atkinson cycle, a permanent magnet synchronous electric motor and nothing more.
There is no gearbox in the classical sense, and therefore problems with this device disappear. Instead, a planetary gearbox with two inputs and one output is used. The gear ratio changes depending on the difference in rotational speeds of both engines.
What scares me the most is the expensive battery. But so far none of the owners have changed it. European competitors cannot compete with the phenomenal Japanese reliability.
Volkswagen 1.9 SDI/TDI.
Production: 1991-2006 (in some markets until 2010).
Application: Audi 80 B4, Audi A4 (1st generation), Audi A3 (1st generation), Audi 100/A6 (C4), Audi A6 (C5), Seat Alhambra, Seat Ibiza, Seat Cordoba, Seat Inca, Seat León, Seat Toledo, VW Caddy, VW Polo, VW Golf, VW Vento, VW Bora, VW Passat, VW Sharan, VW Transporter, Ford Galaxy (1st generation), Škoda Fabia and Škoda Octavia (1st generation).
Without a doubt, this is one of the most famous, but perhaps also the most controversial engines on our list. The SDI/TDI engines are based on the old 1.9 D/TD. They received direct injection, the thermal load on the cylinder head was reduced and a Bosch rotary pump was installed, although it was sensitive to fuel quality.
The reliability and durability, especially of the simple naturally aspirated 1.9 SDI versions, deserves respect. The engine is capable of traveling more than one million kilometers without major investments. We do not take into account the frequently mentioned problems with the mass air flow sensor.
Paradoxically, the most reliable turbocharged variant is only the 90 hp TDI with a maximum torque of 202 Nm (coded 1Z or AHU). This turbodiesel appeared in the early nineties and was used in Audi, Golf III, Passat B4, Seat until 1996-1997.
Among the Skoda Octavia, the best TDI is considered to be the CMA. Its small constant-geometry turbocharger demonstrates much greater survivability than the 90-hp ALH's variable-geometry supercharger. The latter was prone to blade freezing, just like the 110 hp version.
The only weak point of SDI/TDI, especially in the early years of production, is the crankshaft damper pulley.
Taken from the site.vvm-auto.ru/
www.drive2.ru
Engine Volkswagen EA827/EA113 1.8
Production | Audi Hungaria Motor Kft. Salzgitter Plant Puebla Plant |
Engine make | EA827/EA113 |
Years of manufacture | 1983-2002 |
Cylinder block material | cast iron |
Power system | carburetor/injector |
Type | in-line |
Number of cylinders | 4 |
Valves per cylinder | 2/4/5 |
Piston stroke, mm | 86.4 |
Cylinder diameter, mm | 81 |
Compression ratio | 8.5-10 |
Engine capacity, cc | 1781 |
Engine power, hp/rpm | 68-139/4000-5800 |
Torque, Nm/rpm | 144-168/2100-4250 |
Fuel | 92-95 |
Environmental standards | - |
Engine weight, kg | 110+ |
Fuel consumption, l/100 km - city - highway - mixed. | 6.0 7.6 |
Oil consumption, g/1000 km | up to 1000 |
Engine oil | |
How much oil is in the engine | 4 |
When replacing, pour, l | 3.5-4 |
Oil change carried out, km | 15000 (better 7500) |
Engine operating temperature, degrees. | 90 |
Engine life, thousand km - according to the plant - in practice | - 300+ |
Tuning - potential - without loss of resource | 200+ n.a. |
The engine was installed | Audi 80 Audi 90 Audi 100 Audi A4 Audi A6 Audi Cabriolet Audi Coupe Seat Cordoba Seat Ibiza Seat Leon Seat Toledo Volkswagen Bora / Jetta / Vento Volkswagen Golf Volkswagen Passat Volkswagen Pointer |
The engine of the Volkswagen EA827 family, with a volume of 1.8 liters, was released in 1983, and differs from the younger 1.6 liter engine in its increased piston stroke. The bottom of the engine is a cast-iron cylinder block, the head was installed on 8, 16 and 20 valves, and the latter was produced with a variable valve timing system at the intake and in the turbo version. VW engines of this type, 1.8 liter, have hydraulic compensators installed and valve adjustment is not required. The timing belt drive, belt replacement interval is ~60,000 km, if the belt breaks on an 8 valve engine, in most cases, the valve does not bend, but on 16 and 20 valve engines it bends. Since 1994, on the basis of this power unit, a turbo engine was created - 1.8T, which became widespread in Audi, Skoda, Seat and Volkswagen. This engine is also related to 2-liter 8-valve engines.
Engine modifications VW 1.8 EA827/EA113
1. ADF - single-shaft, eight-valve, carburetor version of the engine. Compression ratio 9, power 68 hp. 2. HT - single-shaft, eight-valve, mono-injection, and for the 1985 Golf II, 105 hp. 3. RD - 8V engine, compression ratio 10, power 107 hp. Production from 1985 to 1987. 4. RP - cylinder head SOHC 8V, piston with compression ratio 9, power 90 horsepower. Production: 1987-1991 5. RV / PF - analogue of RD, produced from 87 to 92. 6. PB - compression ratio 10, power 112 forces. Production: 1987 - 1991 7. GZ / EV - engine with a power of 112 horsepower, SZh 10, production: 1987-1988 8. GX - compression ratio 8.5, power 86 hp. Production: 1984 - 1992 9. ABS / ADZ / ANP - SOHC 8V, compression ratio 10, power 90 hp. Production: 1991 - 1995 10. AAM / ANN - an analogue of the above model with a piston with a compression ratio of 9.5, a lower camshaft, a smaller diameter exhaust, a power of 75 horsepower. Production: 1991 - 2000 11. 1P - engine with SOHC 8V cylinder head, compression ratio 10, power 98 hp. Production: 1988 - 1991 12. KR - VW engine with DOHC 16V cylinder head, compression ratio 10, power 139 hp. Installed on Golf and Passat B3. 13. DZ - single-shaft SOHC, eight-valve engine, with distributed fuel injection, different camshafts, compression ratio 11, power 111 hp. Production: 1983 - 1991 Installed on Audi models. 14. AGN / APG - modification with a 20-valve twin-shaft DOHC cylinder head, with distributed injection, compression ratio 10.3, power 125 horsepower. Produced from 1997 to 2000. Installed on Volkswagen Golf IV and Bora, SEAT Leon, SEAT Toledo, Skoda Octavia, Audi A3.
15. ADR / ARG / APT / AVV - an analogue of the above-described motor for VW Passat, Audi 80, Audi A4 and Audi A6.
Weaknesses of EA113 / EA827, malfunctions and their causes
1. Problem with speed. It stalls. Check the airbag under the single injection, the coolant temperature sensor, the idle air valve and the throttle valve. 2. High fuel consumption. Check the lambda probe and coolant temperature sensor. 3. Engine noise. Usually this problem is caused by the hydraulic chain tensioner and is solved by replacing the tensioner with the chain.
4. Oil leaks. Most likely your oil cooler gasket has blown out, replace it and the leak will stop.
In addition, the crankcase ventilation system constantly becomes clogged and requires cleaning, the viscous coupling of the fan and the pump often fail, and in general, given the age of these naturally aspirated engines, anything can fail at any time. To summarize, it is worth noting: In general, the engine is not bad and, with proper maintenance, quite durable, but its time has passed and today it is worth looking towards more modern power units.
Volkswagen EA113 / EA827 engine tuning
Atmospheric. Turbo
For weak modifications of 1.8 liter Volkswagen engines, the simplest method of increasing power is to install a camshaft from more powerful engines, like ADZ, ABS and others. In addition, it is worth adding pistons from the same motor and ECU firmware; these manipulations will lead to a small but very noticeable increase in horsepower. Further increase in power, using factory parts, can be continued by installing a 16-valve cylinder head. If this is not enough, then you should buy a sports camshaft with a phase of 270 or more (Autotech for example), install a 4-2-1 spider, direct-flow exhaust, cold intake and tune it (for example in January). There is no point in trying to build something even more powerful; the engine is old and constant breakdowns will ruin the picture. There is no point in turbocharging the engine with a turbo kit or converting it into a standard VW 1.8T; almost everything along with the attachment will be replaced; only the cylinder block with the crankshaft will remain original. It’s much easier and more reliable to buy a contract 1.8 turbo engine and use the reliable factory 150-240 hp.
Just 20 years ago, it was believed that the larger the engine capacity, the better and better quality it was. Over time, everything has changed. . The trend in the automotive industry in recent years is to reduce engine volume while maintaining power, which became possible thanks to the use of turbines. It is worth noting that this achieves a reduction in fuel consumption, which is important when the cost of automobile fuel throughout the world becomes very expensive.
Plus, it forces car manufacturers. Automotive companies have different approaches to designing, creating and manufacturing engines. , others are ready to lift the car into the air at the expense of . Some engines have good efficiency, while others do the opposite.
But, of course, despite the huge variety of car engines, there are a small number of power units that have become very popular in the car market over the past 20 years. Most car enthusiasts know about these engines. Many of us don’t even suspect that under the hoods of our cars are these legendary engines. We have selected for you the most popular ten that have become popular all over the world.
1) GM LS series
No complaints. The simple design of the motor allowed it to become one of the most popular in the world. The combination of power, torque, size, efficiency and simplicity of design allows this V8 engine to be better than OHC engines.
The company's famous engine, which was installed on the following brands:
- 1998-2002 Firebird Formula, Trans Am
- 1998-2002 Camaro
- 1997-2002 Chevrolet Corvette
- 1999-2005 Holden Commodore Ute
- 1999-2005 Holden Commodore (VT, VX, VY, VZ)
- 1999-2005 Holden Statesman (WH, WK, WL)
- 1999-2005 Holden Caprice (WH, WK, WL)
- 1999-2004 Holden Special Vehicles Clubsport (VT, VX, Y Series)
- 1999-2004 Holden Special Vehicles Clubsport R8 (VT, VX, Y Series)
- 1999-2004 Holden Special Vehicles Grange (VT, VX, Y Series)
- 1999-2004 Holden Special Vehicles GTS (VT, VX, Y Series)
- 1999-2004 Holden Special Vehicles Maloo (VT, VX, Y Series)
- 1999-2004 Holden Special Vehicles Senator Signature (VT, VX, Y Series)
- 2000-2002 Holden Special Vehicles Senator 300 (VX)
- 2000-2002 Holden Special Vehicles Coupé GTO (VX)
- 2000-2002 Holden Special Vehicles Coupé GTS (VX)
- 2000-2002 Holden Special Vehicles SV300 (VX)
- 2000-2004 Holden Special Vehicles Maloo R8 (VX, Y Series)
- 2001-2001 Omega (prototype)
- 2001-present Mosler MT900
- 2003-2004 Holden Special Vehicles Clubsport SE (Y Series)
- 2003-2004 Holden Special Vehicles Coupé LE (Y Series)
- 2003-2004 Holden Special Vehicles Coupé4 AWD (Y Series)
- 2003-2004 Holden Special Vehicles Avalanche XUV (Y Series)
- 2003-2004 Holden Special Vehicles Avalanche XUV AWD (Y Series)
- 2001-2005 Holden Monaro CV8
- 2004 GTO
- 2006-present Elfin MS8 Streamliner
- 2006-present Elfin MS8 Clubman
2) BMW S54
This engine repeatedly became the best among engines from 3.0 to 4.0 liters, from 2001 to 2006. Let us remember that the S54 engine is a modification of the M50 engine.
The engine was installed on the following vehicles:
- 2001-2006 E46 M3, power - 343 hp, maximum torque - 365 N.m.
- 2001-2006 E46 M3(North America only) power - 333 hp, maximum torque - 355 N.m.
- 2001-2002 (except North America) power - 325 hp, maximum torque 354 N.m.
- 2001-2002 (North America only) power - 315 hp, maximum torque - 341 N.m.
- 2004 E46 CSL power - 360 hp, maximum torque - 370 N.m.
- 2006-2008 (except USA) power - 343 hp, maximum torque - 365 N.m.
- 2006-2008 E85 Z4 M Roadster / E86 Z4 Coupe(USA only) power - 330 hp, maximum torque - 355 N.m.
An impressive engine whose sound cannot be described in words.
The engine has repeatedly become not only a prize-winner, but also a winner in the nomination for the title of the best engine in the world.
3) Ford EcoBoost V6
A family of modern direct injection engines from Ford. The technology allows, despite the efficiency, to use a larger engine volume without using a turbine (not on all modifications), thereby achieving an increase in power by 15-20 percent.
1.6 L EcoBoost I-4 used:
100 hp.
- 2012 - B-Max
- 2013 - Fiesta
125 hp
- 2012 -
- 2012 - C-Max
- 2012 - B-Max
- 2013 - Fiesta
150 hp
- 2010 - C-MAX
- 2010 - Focus
- 2010 -
- 2010 - V60
- 2012 -
160 hp
- 2011 - Mondeo
- 2011 - S-Max
- 2011 - Galaxy
185 hp
- 2010 - C-MAX
- 2013 - Fusion
- 2010 - S60
- 2010 - V60
- 2011 - Focus
- 2011 - V70
- 2011 - S80
- 2012 - V40
- 2013 - Escape
- 2013 - Fiesta ST (Europe)
200 hp
- 2014 -
2.0 L EcoBoost I-4 used:
203 hp
- 2010 -
- 2010 -
- 2010 -
- 2010-2011 S60 2.0T
- 2010-2011 V60 2.0T
243 hp
- 2010 - Mondeo
- 2011 -
- 2011 -
- 2011 -
- 2011 - S-MAX
- 2012 - Falcon
- 2013 - Escape
- 2013 - 2
- 2013 - Fusion
- 2013 - Taurus
- 2013 -
- 2013 -
255 hp
- 2013 - Ford Focus ST
2.3 L EcoBoost I-4 used:
280 hp
- 2015 - MKC
- 2015 -
4) Volkswagen TFSI
The compact, lightweight and versatile Volkswagen engine works together with a turbine, which allows it to achieve good power values while remaining an economical engine.
2.0 R4 16v TFSI used:
- 168 hp - (C6), VW Tiguan
- 182 hp -
- 197 hp - (B7) , (8P) , (B6) , Mk5 , Mk5 GLI , Leon, Exeo ,
- 217 hp - 2005 i A4 (B7) DTM Edition
- 217 hp - R WRC
- 227 hp - VW Golf Mk5 GTI Edition 30, Volkswagen Golf MKVI GTI Edition 35
- 237 hp - Seat Leon, Seat Leon Cupra Mk2
- 252 hp - Audi S3 (8P), Golf R (Australia, Japan, Middle East and North America)
- 261 hp - Audi S3 (8P)
- 261 hp - Audi S3 (8P), Audi TTS, Seat Leon Cupra R Mk2 facelift
- 267 hp - Audi TTS, Golf R (Europe)
Other TFSI engines can be viewed. The Volkswagen engine has repeatedly become a winner in the nomination for the title of the best engine from 1.8 to 2.0 liters. For a long time it was included in the top ten best engines produced in the automotive industry.
5) Buick V6 Series 2 3800
This engine first appeared in 1962. Over the entire period of production of various modifications and generations, General Motors produced 25,000,000 engines. The first engine was produced for a special version of the Buick car. The engine capacity was 3.2 liters, the power of which reached 198 hp.
The engine, having undergone many improvements and modifications, was produced until August 22, 2008, when it was decided to discontinue production of the engine. In recent years, this engine has been installed on the 2007 Pontiac Grand Prix GT.
6) Toyota 2JZ-GTE
One of the most popular engines of the Japanese corporation, which was produced from 1991 to 2002. The twin-turbo inline six-cylinder engine was originally created for the Supra RZ (JZA80). Toyota engineers created this engine as an alternative to the .
Engine used:
- Toyota Aristo / JZS147 (Japan only)
- Toyota Aristo V300 300 JZS161 (Japan only)
- Toyota Supra RZ/Turbo JZA80
7) Alfa Romeo V6 24V
In the CIS, the Volkswagen Polo Sedan is a well-known and quite popular model. The modern design and thoughtful solutions of the German concern Volkswagen allowed the budget sedan model to quickly get onto the list of real bestsellers. As you know, this car is assembled in Kaluga and for quite a long time it was produced with two reliable engines with a power of 85 and 105 hp.
However, after restyling, fans of the model were in for a real surprise, since in addition to new bumpers, a radiator grille, a trunk lid, improved sound insulation, a Golf steering wheel, LED headlights and a number of other improvements, the changes also affected the engine. Let's look at this in more detail.
Read in this article
Russian Polo Sedan engine
So, the new Volkswagen Polo Sedan, as before, is a model assembled in Kaluga, which has received improvements, including the engine. We are talking about the CFN motor of the E211 series. Let us immediately note that the new power unit has become even more powerful and more economical. It is also noteworthy that the affordable sedan will receive units produced at the plant in Kaluga.
As before, the engine with a displacement of 1.6 liters has two stages. Only now it is no longer 85 and 105 “horses”, but 90 and 110 hp. In the first case, it is 155 Nm, maximum speed is 178 km/h, acceleration to hundreds is 11.2 seconds. Fuel consumption in mixed mode is 5.7 liters. The more powerful 110-horsepower version also has similar torque, while the top speed is already 191 km/h. Acceleration to hundreds on the version with a manual transmission is 10.4 seconds.
As for the automatic Polo sedan, with the new engine the car accelerates more slowly than the previous modification. Acceleration takes 11.7 seconds. The consumption is also slightly higher, amounting to 5.9 liters, but this is quite expected for an automatic transmission.
We also note that the Germans also offer a sports version of the Polo. We are talking about the Polo GT, which will receive a 1.4-liter engine with 125 hp. Also, this car will be equipped with a 6-speed robotic gearbox.
Let's return to the engine. The new Polo engine, or rather its 90 and 110 hp MPI versions, have become more modern and environmentally friendly. The main feature of the modernized versions of CFN is aluminum. Improvements have made it possible to speed up the warm-up of the engine, and the stove also starts working faster and more efficiently.
The sedan also received an expanded package, which provides improved preparation for winter conditions, which allows for confident and stable driving down to -30 and below.
Other parts and components did not receive any major changes. Actually plastic, it can easily withstand high temperatures. The ignition system is non-contact, the oil pump has a pressure sensor, and it can be configured.
As for the resource, dealers voice a figure of 500,000 km. However, it should be understood that running-in, the quality of fuel, engine oil and maintenance, as well as operating features are factors that can greatly affect the service life, both for the better and for the worse.
You also need to pay attention to the issue and other parameters if the owner, for one reason or another, does not want to use the product offered by the official dealer as part of vehicle servicing.
Naturally, as in any other case, the service life of any engine will greatly depend on the first kilometers. We are talking about compliance with all recommendations and regulations. In this case, the Polo sedan is no exception. And you shouldn't rely on the stated 2 or 3 year warranty.
Let's go further, for the accurate and correct selection of “consumables” the engine number and its markings will greatly help. On a sedan from Kaluga, the serial number is located on the cylinder block under the body. Since the internal combustion engine is new, such information greatly facilitates the selection of engine oil, original spare parts or replacements from catalogs.
By the way, when choosing oils for this model, it is important to pay attention to the viscosity, which should be 5W30 or 5W40, as well as the tolerances. The oil must have approval VW 501 01, VW 502 00, VW 503 00, VW 504 00. ACEA A2 or A3 standard.
As for the manufacturer itself, some sources contain information that Castrol oil is poured into the Polo sedan engine during production. To change the oil, you need to buy about 4 liters; the manufacturer himself recommends pouring 3.6 liters into the engine, and the rest can be stored for topping up. This also needs to be monitored, as it can cause certain problems.
There is also information that power units undergo a so-called “cold run-in” of the engine right at the factory. Managers at car dealerships emphasize that it is for this reason that engines do not need additional running-in. However, in practice, experts pay attention to the fact that the engine, even the most modern one, still needs to be broken in.
The rules are quite simple: you must avoid driving without warming up, abrupt starts, active braking, driving at a constant speed and at the same speed, driving in high gears, too high and too low speeds, driving uphill in high gear, engine braking, towing a trailer is prohibited. etc.
In other words, during break-in there is no need to “load” the engine for at least the first thousand km. Also, after the first thousand, the oil and oil filter must be changed, and always use high-quality gasoline not lower than AI-95. Then the next oil change is expected at 3 thousand km, and the 10 thousand km mark can be considered the complete completion of the break-in. After this, the oil is changed again, and the engine can continue to be gradually loaded.
What's the result?
As you can see, if we talk about the Volkswagen Polo Sedan model, the engine after restyling has become more powerful and lighter. Thanks to the modernized cylinder head, which is cast from aluminum, as well as a number of other improvements, this engine is a real technological breakthrough for the plant in Kaluga and can quite rightly be considered an internal combustion engine made in the Russian Federation.
In practice, the pre-restyling version has proven itself to be a worthy competitor to other brands and models on the market, which also promises success and increased demand for the updated version of the Polo.
Finally, we note that like any other car, the Polo sedan has its pros and cons. As for previous versions of the CFN engine, frequent knocking of the pistons when cold was noted. Drivers also experienced that the throttle sensor wires chafed, cracked, problems appeared with crankcase ventilation, and the valve of this system “stuck.”
Another common complaint is problems with the power supply system. At the same time, malfunctions in the operation of the injector and the appearance, as well as knocking of hydraulic compensators, cannot always be considered a drawback of the engine, since the main reason is the quality of the fuel and oil, as well as unscrupulous maintenance.
It is also important to understand that other competing models, to a greater or lesser extent, have certain and often similar problems. However, Volkswagen in many cases takes into account certain shortcomings when modifying its engines. This means that the new CFN E211 engine in the Polo Sedan may well turn out to be a successful and reliable engine, which is devoid of many of the shortcomings and “illnesses” of its predecessor. However, the strengths and weaknesses of this internal combustion engine will only be revealed by practical operation.
Read also
Engine of the FSI family: differences, features, pros and cons of a power unit of this type. Common problems with FSI engines, engine maintenance.
The German concern Volkswagen Group (VW Group) is one of the most famous European car manufacturers. It also produces Volkswagen engines.
The concern owes its origins to Adolf Hitler, who in the fall of 1933 instructed representatives of Daimler-Benz and Dr. Ing. h.c. F. Porsche GmbH to create a reliable car that costs no more than 1,000 Reichsmarks. Moreover, it had to be produced at a new car plant, which would personify the growing power of Germany. Construction of the plant began in 1938, and already in 1939 test samples of the new car were produced.
During its existence, the concern has produced a huge number of a wide variety of vehicles. One of the most successful models is the VW Polo car (from 1975 to the present).
Initially, it was equipped with Volkswagen engines with cylinder displacements from 895 to 1272 cc. cm. Currently, the 5th generation of this model is being produced, and the line of power units has been replenished with more powerful 1.4 and 1.6-liter engines.
In addition, these cars are equipped with Volkswagen diesel engines. They were developed on the basis of the EA827 gasoline engine, various modifications of which were also installed on the Golf, Golf 2, and others.
INTERESTING. The VW Polo sedan became the first car in history designed specifically for Russia. Its production began in 2010 at the Volkswagen plant built in Kaluga.
The car is equipped with a gasoline engine of the EA111 series, the power of which is 105 hp. With. In addition, it is possible to install power units of the EA211 series with a capacity of 90 (CWVA) and 110 hp. With. (CWVB), as well as derated CFNB engines (EA111 series), with a power of 85 hp. With. and 3-cylinder Volkswagen diesel engines with a volume of 1.2 liters (factory designation CFWA) with a Common Rail fuel injection system. The power of the latter (VW 1.2 TDI) is 75 hp. With.
Of greatest interest is the base engine of the Volkswagen Polo (factory designation CFNA), which since 2015 has been produced at the Kaluga Gasoline Engine Plant (part of Volkswagen Group Rus).
CFNA Engine Specifications
PARAMETER | MEANING |
---|---|
Cylinder volume (working), cubic meters cm. | 1598 |
Max, hp (at 5600 rpm) | 105 |
Max torque, N.m (at 3750 rpm) | 153 |
Number of cylinders | 4 |
Number of valves per cylinder | 4 |
Total number of valves | 16 |
Cylinder diameter, mm | 76.5 |
Piston stroke, mm | 86.9 |
Fuel supply system | Multi-point injection MPI |
Electronic engine control unit (ECU) | Magneti Marelli 7GV |
Compression ratio | 10,5:1 |
Fuel type | AI-95 |
Fuel consumption, l/100 km (city/highway/mixed mode) | 8,7/5,1/6,4 |
Lubrication system | Combined (pressure + spray) |
Oil used | 5W-30, 5W-40, 0W-40 |
Oil volume in the crankcase, l | 3.6 |
Cooling system | Liquid, closed type, with forced ventilation |
Coolant | Based on ethylene glycol, density 1.07-1.08 g/cm. cube |
Motor resource, thousand km (factory/practice) | 250/450+ |
The engine is installed on VW Polo Sedan, VW Jetta, Skoda Fabia, Skoda Octavia, Skoda Rapid, Skoda Roomster.
Description
The base engine of the Polo sedan (factory designation CFNA) is a conventional in-line 4-cylinder 16-valve engine with an overhead twin-shaft gas distribution mechanism (timing) DOHC 16V.
The cast cylinder block is made of aluminum alloy, with the cylinders bored directly into the body.
The crankshaft is made of high-strength cast iron. At the front there is a sprocket for the timing drive and oil pump. The auxiliary mechanism drive pulley is also located there.
- The cylinder block is closed with an aluminum 16-valve head (cylinder head) with a timing belt, which includes two camshafts and hydraulic valve compensators.
- The timing belt is driven by a maintenance-free steel chain, the resource of which covers the entire service life of the motor. There is no variable valve timing system on the intake shaft.
- Structurally, the less powerful CFNB power unit is completely identical to the CFNA and differs from the latter only in the ECU firmware.
Distinctive features of CFN type motors:
- The intake manifold is made of polymer fireproof material.
- The air filter is installed on the cylinder head without any gaskets.
- The valve timing is continuously variable on the intake valves.
- Availability of forced ventilation of the oil pan.
- The oil pump is equipped with an adjustable pressure sensor.
Service
Timely maintenance of the Volkswagen Polo sedan engine significantly extends its service life and allows it to be increased to 500 thousand kilometers.
Basically it comes down to regular computer diagnostics and replacement (after every 15 thousand km of travel):
- motor oil;
- oil filter;
- oil pan plugs.
In addition, every 30,000 km it is recommended:
- replace the air filter;
- Pay attention to the spark plugs and replace them if necessary.
Malfunctions
With proper and regular maintenance, the service life of the Polo sedan engine is practically unlimited and is capable of providing a mileage of about 400...500 thousand km. However, it is not free from common faults, which are most often eliminated by replacing faulty parts and components.
FAULTS | REASONS |
---|---|
Throttle failure | The electrical wire of the throttle sensor is frayed. |
Malfunctions associated with failure of the fuel injection system. | Poor quality fuel. |
Characteristic knocking in the engine (frequent “clunking” in the cylinder head area). | The hydraulic valve compensators have failed due to: increased detonation in engine cylinders; lubrication system malfunctions; low-quality motor oil. |
The forced crankcase ventilation system does not work. | The PCV valve has failed. |
The CFNA power unit also has a number of design flaws that can ruin the mood of the car owner:
Tuning
The easiest way to increase the power of a CFNA engine to 130 hp. With.:
- Purchase and install a new 4-2-1 catless exhaust manifold.
- Organize a cold intake by removing the air filter to the maximum distance from the engine; replace the corrugated pipe from the air filter with a smooth one; when laying a smooth air path, remove it as much as possible from hot engine parts; ensure the shortest distance from the air filter to the intake manifold; use heat-resistant materials.
- Replace the standard air filter with a zero-resistance filter.
- Reflash and configure the ECU.
Achieving a more significant increase in the power of the CFNA engine is only possible by investing large amounts of money, which is not economically profitable - the cost of the cylinder head is comparable to the cost of the engine and amounts to more than $3,000. It’s easier to buy another Volkswagen with a 1.4 TSI engine (Golf, Golf 2, Audi, Skoda, etc.), with a power of 120 to 180 hp. With.
Compared to previous generations of cars, modern models are equipped mainly with standard powertrain options.
Therefore, in order to evaluate the engine of each of the modifications that are offered for the Volkswagen Jetta model, below we provide a detailed description and a number of technical characteristics.
When it comes to choosing a Volkswagen Jetta, the initial question is always which engine is best to take. In the latest model lines presented, the Jetta car is available for purchase with 4 different engine options.
The proposed types of motors can be combined with automatic, robotic and classic manual transmissions.
Jetta engine VW Jetta 1.6 liters
One of the four options is a non-turbocharged German engine with a working chamber volume of 1.6 liters, presented in the Volkswagen Jetta trim levels in two modifications.
- The first of them has a power of 85 hp. and a recorded figure of 145 Nm of torque at 3.8 thousand revolutions of the Volkswagen Jetta engine.
When the speed reaches 5.2 thousand per minute, the power unit reaches the upper limit of its power. You can accelerate a Volkswagen Jetta to the notorious 100 km/h in 13 seconds.
When choosing this Volkswagen Jetta power unit, the owner will receive it in combination with a manual transmission, i.e. with mechanics.
- The second modification (exactly the same volume) boasts 105 hp, and even additional distributed injection.
At 5.25 thousand revolutions, the maximum power indicator of the Volkswagen Jetta power plant is reached.
Although this engine option also does not have an additionally installed turbocharger. When equipped with a manual transmission engine, the Volkswagen Jetta can be accelerated to 100 km/h in 11.5 seconds; when equipped with an automatic transmission, this speed is achieved in 12.5 seconds, and the maximum is fixed at 180 km/h.
Engine VW Jetta Jetta 1.4 liters
Typically, Jetta engines, including the Jetta 1.4 engine, are gasoline. Just like the motors described above, The engine, with a displacement of 1.4 liters, is available in two options:
1. Turbocharged, 122-horsepower engine with cam injection, using TSI technology.
At 5.0 thousand revolutions, the engine power parameters reach their maximum value. At 1.5-4.0 thousand revolutions, a torque of 200 Nm is achieved.
The engine can be equipped with a mechanical or robotic gearbox. This Volkswagen Jetta configuration will reach 100 km/h significantly faster than the previous two, requiring only 9.8 seconds. The travel speed provided by this configuration is 202 km/h.
2. The engine, which also has a volume of 1.4 liters, has the greatest power, 150 hp. but it is equipped with a direct injection system into the combustion chamber, and also has an additional turbine installed.
This power unit operates using TSI technology, in which the engine has intermediate air cooling. This configuration option has the best dynamics of all the options presented above.
Power 150 hp will be achieved at 5.8 thousand revolutions, and the torque indicator of 240 Nm is achieved at 1.5-4.0 thousand revolutions. It comes with a Volkswagen Jetta engine and a robotic gearbox. Despite the rather modest engine size, the Jetta starts from 0 to 100 km/h in 8.6 seconds, and its maximum speed is 215 km/h.
Why is there such a difference in power between the two Jetta 1.4 engine options?
The fact is that the 122-horsepower engine has only one turbocharger, and the 150-horsepower engine has Twincharger double supercharging. This provides different motor power, but otherwise they are almost the same.
In any case, regardless of the engine size chosen for the Volkswagen Jetta model, it turns out to be a fairly economical unit, the power of which will delight even the most sophisticated car enthusiast.
Additional equipment in the form of crankcase protection is also considered one of the important points, since this is the basis for the safety of car equipment. Below we will look at how you can install protection on your Volkswagen car yourself.
VW Jetta engine number
Each power unit with which the car is equipped has its own identification number. It consists of an original letter combination and a digital part, which is the engine serial number. This engine number is located on the left at the junction of the engine compartment and the Volkswagen Jetta gearbox. Once again, this identification number and letter designation is duplicated on the cylinder head.
On Volkswagen vehicles, you can often find a VIN - a number on the timing belt housing. In this case, the number is applied in the form of a sticker. It also contains a letter designation and VIN number. The letter part that the number contains is additionally on the information plate.
As a rule, this number consists of 9 characters - this is an original combination of letters and numbers. The first part is the letter designation of the power unit, and the second part, consisting of six characters, is the serial number. After the number of engines produced exceeds 999,999 units with the same designation in the letter component, each number now has another letter instead of the first digit. As a result, it turns out that each power unit has its own unique number, by which you can determine where and when it was produced.
Jetta engine protection and installation
In order for the Volkswagen Jetta to serve a long and faithful service, it is necessary to take care of the integrity and safety of its main operating components and assemblies. Most car owners consider installed engine protection to be a necessary condition for the safe operation of a vehicle. It will allow you to avoid mechanical damage or ordinary impacts, which are not uncommon on the roads.
Today, the road surface that exists in average cities is far from perfect, so the engine protection installed on the Volkswagen Jetta will reliably protect the most important parts of power equipment from serious damage and, as a result, expensive repairs.
It is no secret that most manufacturers, in order to save money, do not worry about installing protection on the engine. Therefore, car owners have to deal with this issue on their own.
To independently install crankcase protection on a Volkswagen Jetta, you will need a minimum of tools and time, but the result will provide maximum safety to the technical components of the car. So, to replace or install protection on a Volkswagen car, you will need a key with heads, the protection itself, purchased from official dealers or at any car store.
The main thing to pay attention to is that the protection for the Volkswagen Jetta model must be made of steel, titanium or aluminum. From this list, the steel version is considered the most safe and reliable. In this case, the car owner receives a 2 mm plate made of high-grade metal with a total weight of 8-12 kg. For a Volkswagen Jetta that is not particularly tall, such protection is an ideal option, since it is quite rigid, but at the same time easily lends itself to any modifications or straightening.
According to the existing work regulations, engine protection requires scheduled replacement every 3-4 years. To do this job yourself, you need to perform a few simple steps:
- if there is factory protection, it must be removed by unscrewing the bolts;
- the new protection is attached in place of the standard one;
- The same bolts are screwed in around the perimeter.
Thus, the entire self-installation process took approximately 15-20 minutes. Now the Volkswagen Jetta is not afraid of impacts with the bottom, since there is reliable crankcase protection.
- Submission of electronic reporting to the tax office via the Internet
- Exclusion of a legal entity from the Unified State Register for false information: grounds, appeal of the decision of the Federal Tax Service on the upcoming exclusion
- What is an inn? By contacting the authorized body, you can find out
- Application for deregistration of UTII IP UTII deregistration grounds