Why didn't ours shoot down the tomahawks? The Ministry of Defense assessed the effectiveness of the US strike as “extremely low.”
Overseas tabloids began to change their assessments of Trump’s “tough response” from enthusiastic cries of “hurray” to critical reviews. Independent political scientists generally characterize the attack on the Syrian airfield as a failure. In particular, photographs have already appeared of a cruise missile falling 40 km from the target. Judging by the image, the Tomahawk simply crashed to the ground and does not have the damage typical of being destroyed by anti-missiles.
In this regard, American military experts and militaristic journalists are convinced that, most likely, the guidance devices of most Tomahawks were turned off external influence. Only people can be behind this Russian systems electronic warfare (EW).
In particular, he writes about this editor-in-chief Veterans Today publications Gordon Duff veteran vietnam war, after talking with his colleagues. In addition, he had contacts with personal sources in the Syrian intelligence services, who confirmed his guesses.
If anyone is trying to explain the loss of 34 cruise missiles human factor, they say, the coordinates were entered incorrectly, then he simply does not know about the multiple duplication of target designation that takes place in the US Army when conducting such operations. It's also stupid to talk about technical problems, allegedly resulting in a “rocket crash”, since we are talking about a reliable and repeatedly tested missile weapons, also flying at subsonic speed.
According to information available to Veterans Today, of the 34 missing cruise missiles, 5 fell in the vicinity of Shayrat, killing several civilians and wounding about 20 people. The remaining 29 Tomahawks crashed into the sea, never reaching the shore.
One way or another, American military experts commenting on the “strange news” from Syria simply have no other explanation for the loss of so many cruise missiles.
According to Gordon Duff, it is appropriate to recall the story of the shutdown of the Aegis missile defense system on warship USS Donald Cook (DDG-75). Events about which we're talking about, occurred on April 10, 2014 in the Black Sea. Later this situation was presented as a myth from the series “ cold war 2.0". Meanwhile, software The destroyer’s naval air defense equipment was indeed “glitchy,” which led to its serious modification.
By the way, according to the American side, “Russian troops, using the Khibiny multifunctional aircraft complex, are capable of stunning and blinding NATO troops and weapons, including satellites in space, in a zone with a radius of 300 km.” As a consequence, alliance radio communications require special efforts and multiple signal duplication to overcome these invisible attacks. Most likely, this is exactly what the Khibiny system and disabled IJIS three years ago during a Su-24 flight over the USS Donald Cook.
By by and large, lag American systems electronic warfare from Russian analogues has long been an open secret for US specialists. The US Army knows in its own way that our country has the best engineering school in the world for the development of highly effective electronic warfare equipment that can make life difficult for the American military. combat experience in Korea, Vietnam, Iraq and Afghanistan, Libya, the Balkans. Suffice it to recall the angry comments of the former NATO commander in Europe Philip Breedlove, who argued that it was electronic warfare systems that ensured the success of the Russians in the hybrid operation in Crimea.
As for Syria, immediately after the insidious attack by a Turkish fighter on a Russian plane, our side issued a statement about which, apparently, Trump had not even heard. So, Lieutenant General Evgeny Buzhinsky said that “Russia will be forced to use countermeasures and electronic warfare.” By the way, he is the deputy director for foreign economic activity JSC Radio Engineering Concern Vega.
No sooner said than done. Soon, two Il-20 radio-electronic reconnaissance and electronic warfare aircraft arrived at the Khmeimim airbase, which can circle for 12 hours above huge territory at any time of the day or night. Then a ground attack was spotted in Syria mobile complex"Krasukha-4", capable of generating broadband interference for radio communications military intelligence US Army, including the transfer of intelligence data to satellites such as Lacrosse and Onyx and AWACS and Sentinel aircraft.
There is information that he was also transferred to Syria complex "Borisoglebsk-2", considered the best in its class. But it is quite possible that Trump’s cruise missiles were shot down by the newest active jamming station “Lychag-AV”, which can be installed both on Mi-8 helicopters and on ground equipment or on small vessels. The point is that this electronic warfare system has its own “library” of military objects, self-learning software equipment, which, by analyzing the weapons of a potential enemy, automatically selects the radiation mode to neutralize the target.
Why weren’t all the Tomahawks destroyed then? Gordon Duff is convinced that electronic warfare is not a 100% antidote, and in general, even the most advanced anti-missiles do not guarantee a 100% probability of defeat. At the same time, the Pentagon has gained some experience. According to the statistics available to the Americans, our electronic warfare systems are capable of doubling their capabilities Russian air defense. Judging by the number of Tomahawks that did not reach the target, US Army experts were not mistaken.
What in due time Obama did not strike Assad’s troops with cruise missiles, speaks not so much about the “weakness” of the 44th president, but about his awareness. It is for this reason that he also did not dare to introduce an unmanned zone. At the same time, “given the intense campaign of threats by the United States against Syria and Russia, Moscow will refrain from openly declaring its victory, much less revealing it.” weak points American missiles. If Putin doesn’t answer, it means he’s happy with the result,” sums up Gordon Duff.
In addition, the editor-in-chief of Veterans Today is sure: if the next attack by the political showman Donald turns out to be just as “successful,” then the US air fist has lost its former strength. In any case, Russia and America are now drawing their conclusions, therefore, there is a high probability that the Pentagon will try to take revenge.
The day before, domestic media accused the United States of “denigrating” Russian anti-aircraft missile systems. This was done allegedly so that the Turks would change their minds about taking the S-400 and break the contract.
The reason was in The National Interest, which says something like this: whether Moscow supplies Assad with the S-300 or not, nothing will change, because it is far from a fact that Russian air defense systems will be effective against American Tomahawks.
In fact, the publication simply quoted American military leaders, in particular the Chief of the General Staff of the US Armed Forces, Kenneth McKenzie. He stated that at the time of the attack, all Russian air defense systems, including the S-300 and S-400, were working. An A-50 AWACS aircraft was flying in the sky, but for some reason Russia did nothing, although Syrian air defenses are closely connected with Russian ones, representing unified system. However, the general did not assess the actions of the Russian military.
Unlike American journalists, who saw several reasons for what happened at once. The first is that the Kremlin did not consider it necessary to shoot back, the second is that the Russian air defense forces were not enough to effectively repel the attack, and, finally, the third, which NI considers the most probable, is that the S-400 simply could not detect low-flying Tomahawks that were bending around the terrain with radar. There is nothing seditious in such an assumption. There is no secret that the S-400 works better against ballistic and aerodynamic targets.
When the Americans bombed the Syrian Shayrat airbase a year ago, the situation was very similar. The Syrian airfield is even closer to Khmeimim than Damascus, which was hit by coalition forces - about 100 kilometers.
However, even in April 2017, according to Russian military experts, the S-400 could not do anything with the Tomahawks, despite the fact that the system’s range of action is 400 kilometers.
According to Viktor Murakhovsky, editor-in-chief of Arsenal of the Fatherland magazine, the low-flying Tomahawks were simply beyond the S-400 radio horizon, and no air defense system, neither Russian nor American, is capable of seeing cruise missiles at such a range.
Now the Russian military is testing special quadrocopters-radars, which are planned to be raised several hundred meters into the sky so that they “wait for” Tomahawks or any other cruise missiles. But this technology is still quite raw.
American military experts believe that the A-50 AWACS aircraft could help detect the Russian Tomahawks. However, only if it is associated with the S-400 complex, and not just with fighters. For some reason, the NI authors doubt this and believe that the Russians rely more on autonomous systems.
In any case, according to the American publication, the Syrians do not have such an aircraft, so even if Moscow supplies Damascus with the S-300, the complex will be ineffective against cruise missiles.
NI's arguments are largely correct. Cruise missiles are indeed a big problem for anyone anti-aircraft missile system, including American Patriot and THAAD. However, we must not forget that an air defense system can strike a cruise missile carrier, for example, an F-16 fighter or a B-1 bomber. Plus, Russian engineers are now actively working on how to help air defense systems detect Tomahawks, and sooner or later there will be results.
The Ininsky rock garden is located in the Barguzin Valley. It was as if someone had deliberately scattered the huge stones or placed them deliberately. And in places where megaliths are located, something mysterious always happens.
One of the attractions of Buryatia is the Ininsky rock garden in the Barguzin Valley. It makes an amazing impression - huge stones scattered in disorder on a completely flat surface. It was as if someone had either scattered them on purpose, or had placed them with intent. And in places where megaliths are located, something mysterious always happens.
Power of nature
In general, a “rock garden” is Japanese name artificial landscape, in which key role the stones placed on the strict rules. “Karesansui” (dry landscape) has been cultivated in Japan since the 14th century, and it appeared for a reason. It was believed that gods lived in places with a large accumulation of stones, as a result of which the stones themselves began to be given divine significance. Of course, now the Japanese use rock gardens as a place for meditation, where it is convenient to indulge in philosophical reflection.
And this is what philosophy has to do with it. The seemingly chaotic arrangement of stones is, in fact, strictly subject to certain laws. Firstly, the asymmetry and difference in the sizes of the stones must be observed. There are certain observation points in the garden, depending on the time when you are going to contemplate the structure of your microcosm. And the main trick is that from any observation point there should always be one stone that... is not visible.
The most famous rock garden in Japan is located in Kyoto - the most ancient capital country of the samurai, in the Ryoanji Temple. This is the refuge of Buddhist monks. And here in Buryatia, the “rock garden” appeared without human effort - its author is Nature itself.
In the southwestern part of the Barguzin Valley, 15 kilometers from the village of Suvo, where the Ina River emerges from the Ikat Range, this place is located with an area of more than 10 square kilometers. Significantly more than any Japanese rock garden - in the same proportion as a Japanese bonsai is smaller than a Buryat cedar. Here, large blocks of stone reaching 4-5 meters in diameter protrude from the flat ground, and these boulders go up to 10 meters deep!
Removing these megaliths from mountain range reaches 5 kilometers or more. What kind of force could scatter these huge stones over such distances? The fact that this was not done by a person became clear from recent history: a 3-kilometer canal was dug here for irrigation purposes. And here and there in the channel bed there are huge boulders that go down to a depth of 10 meters. They fought with them, of course, but to no avail. As a result, all work on the canal was stopped.
Scientists have put forward different versions origin of the Ininsky rock garden. Many consider these blocks to be moraine boulders, that is, glacial deposits. Scientists call their ages different (E.I. Muravsky believes that they are 40-50 thousand years old, and V.V. Lamakin - more than 100 thousand years!), depending on which glaciation they are counting.
According to geologists, in ancient times the Barguzin depression was a freshwater shallow lake, which was separated from Lake Baikal by a narrow and low mountain bridge connecting the Barguzin and Ikat ridges. As the water level rose, a runoff formed, turning into a river bed that cut deeper and deeper into the hard crystalline rocks. Known as storm water flows in spring or after heavy rain They erode steep slopes, leaving deep furrows in gullies and ravines. Over time, the water level dropped, and the area of the lake decreased due to the abundance of suspended material brought into it by rivers. As a result, the lake disappeared, and in its place there remained a wide valley with boulders, which were later classified as natural monuments.
But recently, Doctor of Geological and Mineralogical Sciences G.F. Ufimtsev suggested very original idea, which has nothing to do with glaciations. In his opinion, the Ininsky rock garden was formed as a result of a relatively recent, catastrophic, gigantic ejection of large blocky material.
According to his observations, glacial activity on the Ikat ridge manifested itself only in a small area in the upper reaches of the Turokchi and Bogunda rivers, while in the middle part of these rivers there are no traces of glaciation. Thus, according to the scientist, the dam of the dammed lake along the Ina River and its tributaries broke. As a result of a breakthrough from the upper Ina by a mudflow or ground avalanche in Barguzin Valley a large volume of blocky material was thrown out. This version is supported by the fact of severe destruction of the bedrock sides of the Ina River valley at the confluence with Turokcha, which may indicate the removal of a large volume of rocks by the mudflow.
In the same section of the Ina River, Ufimtsev noted two large “amphitheatres” (resembling a huge funnel) measuring 2.0 by 1.3 kilometers and 1.2 by 0.8 kilometers, which could probably be the bed of large dammed lakes. The dam’s breakthrough and the release of water, according to Ufimtsev, could have occurred as a result of seismic processes, since both slope “amphitheaters” are confined to the zone of a young fault with thermal water outlets.
The gods were naughty here
This amazing place has long been of interest local residents. And for the “rock garden” people came up with a legend that goes back to ancient times. The beginning is simple. Once two rivers, Ina and Barguzin, argued which of them would be the first to reach Lake Baikal. Barguzin cheated and set off on the road that evening, and in the morning the angry Ina rushed after him, angrily throwing huge boulders out of her way. So they still lie on both banks of the river. Isn't it true that this is just a poetic description of the powerful mudflow proposed to be explained by Dr. Ufimtsev?
The stones still keep the secret of their formation. They are not only different sizes and colors, they are generally from different breeds. That is, they were broken out from more than one place. And the depth of occurrence speaks of many thousands of years, during which meters of soil have grown around the boulders.
For those who have seen the movie Avatar, on a foggy morning the Ina stones will resemble hanging mountains with winged dragons flying around them. The peaks of the mountains protrude from the clouds of fog, like individual fortresses or the heads of giants in helmets. The impressions from contemplating a rock garden are amazing, and it was not by chance that people endowed the stones with magical power: It is believed that if you touch boulders with your hands, they will take away negative energy, giving positive energy in return.
In these amazing places there is another place where the gods played pranks. This place was nicknamed “Suva Saxon Castle”. This nature education is located near the group of salty Algin lakes near the village of Suvo, on the steppe slopes of the hill at the foot of the Ikat ridge. The picturesque rocks are very reminiscent of the ruins of an ancient castle. These places were especially revered and sacred place. In the Evenki language, “suvoya” or “suvo” means “whirlwind”.
It was believed that this is where spirits live - the owners local winds. The main and most famous of which was the legendary wind of Baikal “Barguzin”. According to legend, an evil ruler lived in these places. He was distinguished by a ferocious disposition, he took pleasure in bringing misfortune to the poor and disadvantaged people.
He had his only and beloved son, who was bewitched by spirits as punishment for his cruel father. After realizing his cruel and unfair attitude towards people, the ruler fell to his knees, began to beg and tearfully ask to restore his son’s health and make him happy. And he distributed all his wealth to people.
And the spirits freed the ruler’s son from the power of illness! It is believed that for this reason the rocks are divided into several parts. Among the Buryats there is a belief that the owners of Suvo, Tumurzhi-Noyon and his wife Tutuzhig-Khatan, live in the rocks. Burkhans were erected in honor of the Suva rulers. On special days, entire rituals are performed in these places.
The burning question of why the Americans were allowed to destroy the Syrian airbase has a simple answer.
The American brazen attack on a Syrian air base occupied the public for the whole day with the question: what were our air defense systems doing there? Couldn't they have shot down American tomahawks? Is it not true what we were told about the completely closed sky of Syria? Or do we abandon - “leave” - our ally?
No, it’s all true, answered one of Constantinople’s sources related to international military relations. The S-400 and S-300PMU1 air defense systems, currently located in Syria, are capable of very well thinning out even such a large swarm of missiles as the one launched by the Americans - 59 products. Although the air defense specialists may have their own reasons, the interlocutor added, because it is irrational to spend expensive 9M96E missiles on tomahawks. One launcher has 4 missiles, a division has 8 launchers - so count how many they would hit targets and have time to fire a second salvo if the Tomahawk has a speed of 880 km/h, and the distance from the coast to the base is a little more than 100 km.
For this kind of purpose, it is not without reason that the divisions in Syria were given the "Pantsir S1" close-cover installations with missile and gun weapons. And, in addition, the Krasukha-4 electronic warfare complex has been deployed. This is the main means of combating cruise missiles - because with them high speed and a low altitude of movement, a very short failure in the operation of the electronics is enough, as it is already in the ground or far away from the target.
But everything works, of course, as a whole, the military diplomat explained, making the reservation that he owns only the most general information on the operation of air defense systems. And, of course, he added, no one would spare any missiles for the defense of the base.
But this is where the dog is buried. For the sake of defending your base. In this case, we were talking about a Syrian Air Force base. And in order to protect it, we would have to, in the opinion of the public, shoot down American missiles. Who gave us this right?
"The thing is,- the interlocutor explained on condition of anonymity in exchange for frankness, - that we have no treaty of alliance with Syria that would oblige us to defend the Syrian skies as well as our own. We are not allies with Syria. Maybe in vain, although I personally think it’s right. Because we cannot fully achieve a union with such a country. And to fit into her conflicts for her - excuse me.".
The military diplomat recalled that we once had very close relations with Egypt - in the 1960-1970s. We, too, were not full-fledged allies, but it was our anti-aircraft gunners on our installations that protected the skies of Egypt from the Israelis. In both wars - in 1967 and 1973. And our guys died there, even though they shot down Israeli planes. How did the Egyptians repay us? "They kicked me in the ass,- the diplomat expressed himself undiplomatically. - As soon as the Americans beckoned them with their finger."
“Of course, the situation is different now, but from the point of view of international law, we are not a party to the Syrian-American conflict. Therefore, our intervention is on the side of Syria by attacking American targets formally would mean our entry into war with the United States. Do we need it?"- a specialist in military law asked a rhetorical question.
For the same reason - or, perhaps, for a complex of them, including political ones, but this can be ignored for now - the Americans warned us that a blow would be struck at such and such coordinates and we earnestly ask you to evacuate your military personnel and civilian personnel from there. Because now we will punish the Syrians a little, but we have no questions for you.
That, in fact, is all, the lawyer emphasized. We are not at war with the Americans, they are not at war with us. And, let's hope, we won't fight further.
And if the Syrians somehow knocked out 61% of the launched tomahawks, then we are very happy for them.
The Russian Ministry of Defense claims that no more than half of the missiles fired from the Ross and Porter destroyers reached the Al-Shayrat air base of the Syrian government forces in Homs province. naval forces US Tomahawk cruise missiles. Despite the fact that sources in the Pentagon deny this information, insisting on one missile that did not reach the target, according to the Russian military, combat effectiveness American missile attack on Syrian airbase- extremely low.
At the same time, Moscow did not comment on the effectiveness of the latest domestic S-400 Triumph anti-aircraft missile system in Latakia, which is deployed to protect the Russian Khmeimim airbase.
Moreover, the American command warned the leadership of the Russian group in Syria two hours in advance about the upcoming strike.
The question of why not a single American Tomahawk was shot down Russian complex Air defense of the S-400, are asked, for example, in the specialized blog The Aviationist. According to the publication, cruise missiles flew through the “capture zone” Russian funds Air defense.
"By at least on paper, the missiles are unlikely to be able to evade the S-400,” the publication writes. “Perhaps, given that they [the Russian military] were notified in advance, they simply decided to let them pass.”
The distance from Khmeimim, where only one division of the S-400 air defense system is deployed, to the Shayrat airbase is about 200 km. This is practically the far limit of the destruction zone of the S-400 anti-aircraft missile system. To hit a target at such a range, its height must be at least 8-9 km. If the target height is lower, the S-400 radar complex and multifunctional radar an anti-aircraft missile battalion simply will not see the target. This is due to the curvature earth's surface.
Approximately the same situation arises with the S-300V air defense system deployed in Tartus. From Tartus to Shayrat air base is about 100 km. At such a distance and due to the terrain, anti-aircraft missile system The S-300V will see targets at an altitude of only 6-7 km or more. And this is also explained by the same curvature of the earth’s surface and the heterogeneity of the terrain.
“Tomahawk cruise missiles fly at an altitude of 50-60 meters,” explained Colonel-General of Aviation Igor Maltsev, former chief of the General Staff of the Air Defense Forces, to Gazeta.Ru.
The far limit of the detection zone for targets of this type is 24-26 km in moderately rough terrain.
Immediately after detection of a cruise missile, it is necessary to open fire with a burst of at least two anti-aircraft guns guided missiles(SAM). Otherwise, it will simply leave the relatively small affected area in a matter of seconds. The meeting of the missile defense system with the Tomahawk in this case will occur at a distance of 12-14 km.
“That is, by and large, the capabilities of firing cruise missiles are extremely limited in range,” emphasizes Igor Maltsev.
According to the military leader, the anti-aircraft missile divisions and batteries stationed in Khmeimim and Tartus could not, even theoretically, “reach” American cruise missiles.
According to Igor Maltsev, in order to effectively protect the Shayrat airbase from missile strikes, in the area of the airbase it is necessary to deploy at least 4-5 anti-aircraft missile divisions S-400. In addition to this grouping, it is necessary to create a radar reconnaissance system to provide the necessary detection depth for cruise missiles. At a minimum, this will require a radio technical regiment consisting of several battalions and radar companies. This grouping must be tested in exercises and the effectiveness of the created fire system must be clarified.
In addition, the military leader emphasizes, the object must be protected by forces of no less than a fighter aviation regiment on aircraft such as Su-30SM or Su-35.
And only then can we say that reliable air defense of the protected facility has been created. Nothing like this was created at the Al-Shayrat airbase. Therefore, doubt the effectiveness domestic weapons There are no reasons yet. Anti-aircraft rocket troops have not yet entered into battle, nor have Russian fighter aircraft participated in it.
To cover the most sensitive objects of the Syrian infrastructure, a set of measures will be implemented in the near future to strengthen and increase the efficiency of the system air defense Syrian armed forces, the Russian Ministry of Defense emphasizes.
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