Why are frogs disappearing? Money toad
What is indicated in the figure by numbers 1-18? What new parts of the spine appeared in amphibians compared to fish? How many vertebrae are there in the cervical and sacral regions of a frog? How many vertebrae are there in the body of a frog? What bones form the forelimb of a frog? What bones form the hind limb of a frog? What bones form the shoulder girdle? What bones form the pelvic girdle?
Task 2. “Amphibians. Frog"
**Test 1. The exit of amphibians to land was accompanied by:
The appearance of paired limbs. The appearance of five-fingered limbs. The appearance of pulmonary respiration in adult forms. The appearance of a two-chambered heart. The appearance of warm-bloodedness. The appearance of the inner ear. The appearance of the eardrum and middle ear. Losing a tail. The appearance of eyelids and lacrimal glands.
**Test 2. For external structure frogs are characteristic:
The body consists of three sections: head, trunk and limbs. The border between the head and body is barely noticeable. There is a well defined neck. The bare skin is covered with a layer of mucus. The paired limbs are well developed, each of which consists of three sections. Eyes without lids. The eyes are protected by eyelids. The nostrils lead into blindly ending olfactory pits. The nostrils are through, the air passes through the nasal passages and through the choanae into the oropharyngeal cavity.
**Test 3. Frog skeleton:
Consists of the skeleton of the head, torso, limbs and their girdles. Has a cartilaginous skull. The spine consists of three sections - cervical, trunk and caudal. The cervical and sacral sections each have one vertebra. The caudal spine is absent. To the vertebrae trunk region ribs are attached. There are no ribs. The frog has a rib cage. The tail vertebrae are fused into a single tail bone.
**Test 4. What bones are included in the forelimb and shoulder girdle of a frog?
Shoulder. 9. Phalanges of the fingers. Shin. 10. Paired shoulder blades. Hip. 11. Paired ischial. Forearm. 12. Paired pubes. Tarsus. 13. Paired clavicles. Metatarsus. 14. Paired crow bones (coracoids). Wrist. 15. Paired iliacs. Pastern. 16. Sternum.
**Test 5. What bones are included in the hind limb and pelvic girdle of a frog?
Shoulder. 9. Phalanges of the fingers. Hip. 10. Paired shoulder blades. Shin. 11. Paired ischial. Forearm. 12. Paired pubes. Tarsus. 13. Paired clavicles. Metatarsus. 14. Paired crow bones (coracoids). Wrist. 15. Paired iliacs. Pastern. 16 Sternum.
Task 3. “Internal structure of a frog”
Look at the picture and answer the questions:
Task 4. “Circulatory system
frogs"
Look at the picture and answer the questions:
1. What is indicated in the figure by numbers 1 – 8?
2. In which chambers of the heart does the systemic circulation begin and end?
3. In which chambers of the heart does the pulmonary circulation begin and end?
4. What kind of blood enters the right atrium?
5. What kind of blood flows to the head?
Task 5. “Reproductive and excretory systems”
Look at the picture and answer the questions:
1. What is indicated in the figure by numbers 1 – 10?
2. What is the role of the auditory ossicle?
3. What is the significance of the Eustachian tube?
Task 7. “Organ systems of the frog”
Write down the test numbers, against each - the correct answer options
**Test 1. Features digestive system frogs.
In the pharyngeal region, adult frogs have 5 pairs of gill slits. Gill slits are absent in the pharyngeal region of adult frogs. The ducts of the pancreas and liver open into the stomach. The ducts of the liver and pancreas open into duodenum, first department small intestine. The large intestine ends at the anus. The large intestine opens into the cloaca. The cloaca opens the digestive, excretory and reproductive system.
**Test 2. Features respiratory system frogs.
The respiratory organs are paired sac-like lungs with thin cellular walls. Inhalation and exhalation occur due to changes in the volume of the chest. Breathing occurs due to the lowering and raising of the floor of the mouth. Breathing is carried out not only with the help of the lungs, but also with the help of the skin.
**Test 3. Features circulatory system frogs?
In the heart, arterial and venous blood do not mix. In the ventricle of the heart of amphibians there is incomplete septum, preventing the mixing of venous and arterial blood. The blood in the ventricle of the heart mixes. The heart is two-chambered, consisting of an atrium and a ventricle. The heart is three-chambered, consisting of two atria and a ventricle. Venous blood enters the right atrium. Mixed blood enters the right atrium. Arterial blood enters the left atrium. All organs of the body are supplied with arterial blood. Internal organs are supplied mixed blood. The most oxygenated blood goes to the brain.
**Test 4. Structure of the nervous system of a frog.
The nervous system is divided into central and peripheral. Central nervous system represented by the brain and spinal cord. The central nervous system is represented by the brain. The forebrain has relatively big sizes than in fish. The brain has the same number of sections as in fish. The forebrain is completely divided into two hemispheres. Nerve cells are located on the bottom, sides and roof of the ventricles. The cerebellum of amphibians is better developed than that of fish.
Task 8. “Reproduction of amphibians”
Look at the picture and answer the questions:
1. What is indicated in the figure by numbers 1-5.
2. What is fertilization like in a frog?
3. How many circulations does a tadpole have?
4. How many chambers are there in a tadpole’s heart?
5. What are the respiratory organs of a tadpole?
6. What does a tadpole eat?
7. Which pair of limbs appears first in a tadpole?
Task 9. “Reproduction and diversity of amphibians”
Write down the test numbers, against each - the correct answer options
**Test 1. What features are characteristic of the reproduction and development of amphibians?
Sexual products are excreted from the body through the genital opening. Sexual products are excreted from the body through the cloaca. Fertilization in amphibians is internal. Fertilization is external. The tadpole emerging from the egg breathes first with external, then internal gills. The tadpole emerging from the egg immediately breathes using its lungs and skin. The tadpole develops paired fins – pectoral and abdominal. The tadpole develops first its hind limbs, then its front five-fingered limbs. The tadpole has a lateral line. The tadpole has gill covers. The tadpole that emerges from the egg has a two-chambered heart and one circulation. The tadpole emerging from the egg has a three-chambered heart and two circuits of blood circulation. The second circle of blood circulation is formed in the tadpole in connection with the development of the lungs.
Amphibians appeared in the Paleozoic in the Cambrian. Amphibians appeared in the Paleozoic and Devonian. The ancestor of amphibians is considered to be the sea lobe-finned fish coelacanth. The ancestors of amphibians are considered ancient lungfish who had lungs. Ancient freshwater animals are considered the ancestors of amphibians lobe-finned fish rhipidistia. The most ancient amphibians are ichthyostegids. Ichthyostegids had lungs. Ichthyostegids had five-fingered limbs. Ichthyostegids reproduced on land, laying eggs in damp places.
**Test 3. The orders Tailed (a), Tailless (b), and Legless (c) amphibians include:
1. Pond frog.
2. Gray toad.
3. Fire salamander.
4. Red-bellied Firebird.
5. Horned frog.
6. Common newt.
7. Pipa Suriname
8. Crested newt.
9. Worm.
10. Axolotl.
11. Tree frog.
12. Giant salamander.
Task 10. “Class Amphibians”
Write down the question numbers and answer in one sentence:
How many species of modern amphibians are known to science? What orders are modern amphibians divided into? What features did the eyes acquire in connection with the release of amphibians into the air? What is the organ of hearing in amphibians? How many circles of blood circulation and how many chambers are there in the heart of adult amphibians? What blood enters the right and left atrium? What sections are distinguished in the fore and hind limbs? What sections are distinguished in the spine? What are the shoulder and pelvic girdles of the limbs? What large digestive glands open into the duodenum? What is the name of the last section of the intestine into which the large intestine, excretory and reproductive systems open? What are the respiratory organs of adult amphibians? What organs form excretory system amphibians? What kind of kidneys do adult amphibians have? In what form are the products of nitrogen metabolism excreted in adult amphibians? In what form are the products of nitrogen metabolism excreted in amphibian larvae? What are the respiratory organs of amphibian larvae? How many circles of blood circulation and how many chambers are there in the heart of a tadpole? Where do amphibians reproduce and their larvae develop? What is fertilization like in most amphibians? When did the first amphibians appear? Who were the ancestors of ancient amphibians? What features allowed fish to master terrestrial environment habitats and turn into amphibians?
Task 11. “The most important terms and concepts of the topic”
Define the terms or expand on the concepts (in one sentence, emphasizing the most important features):
1. Spiral valve. 2. Body buds. 3. Ureothelia. 4. Wolf channel. 5. Müllerian canal. 6. Middle ear. 7. Eustachian tube. 8 Neoteny. 9. Ripidistia. 10. Ichthyostegids.
Answers:
Exercise 1. 1. 1 – cervical vertebra; 2 – sacral vertebra; 3 – tail bone (urostyle); 4 – sternum; 5 – crow bones; 6 – collarbones; 7 – shoulder blades; 8 – ischial bones of the pelvis; 9 – iliac bones of the pelvis; 10 – pubic bones of the pelvis; 11 – humerus; 12 – bones of the forearm; 13 – hand bones; 14 – femur; 15 – tibia bones; 16 – tarsal bones; 17 – metatarsal bones; 18 – phalanges of fingers. 2. Cervical and sacral. 3. One at a time. 4. 7 vertebrae. 5. Humerus, bones of the forearm, wrist, metacarpus and phalanges. 6. Femur, shin bones, tarsus, metatarsus and phalanges. 7. Paired shoulder blades, clavicles, crow bones and unpaired sternum. 8. Pelvic bones, formed by fused paired ischial, ilium and pubic bones.
Task 2. **Test 1: 2, 3 – no, it was in lungfishes and lobe-fins; 7, 9. **Test 2: 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 9. **Test 3: 1, 4, 7, 9. **Test 4: Forelimb: 1, 4, 7, 8, 9. Shoulder girdle: 10, 13, 14, 16. **Test 5: Hind limb: 2, 3, 5, 6, 9; pelvic girdle: 11, 12, 15.
Task 3. 1. 1 – heart; 2 – lungs; 3 – liver; 4 – gallbladder; 5 – stomach; 6 – pancreas; 7 – ovary; 8 – oviduct; 9 – intestines; 10 – spleen; 11 – large intestine; 12 – cloaca; 13 – bladder. 2. In the lungs and skin. 3. Salivary gland, pancreas and liver. 4. Sexual, digestive, excretory. 5. Kidneys, ureters, bladder. 6. External.
Task 4. 1. 1 – left atrium; 2 – right atrium; 3 – ventricle of the heart; 4 – cutaneous pulmonary arteries; 5 – systemic aortic arches; 6 – carotid arteries; 7 – pulmonary capillaries; 8 – arterial cone with a spiral valve. 2. Begins in the ventricle and ends in the right atrium. 3. Begins in the ventricle and ends in the left atrium. 4. Mixed (arterial blood flows from the skin, venous blood flows from other organs). 5. Most oxidized.
Task 5. 1. 1 – preference; 2 – testis; 3 – efferent ducts; 4 – trunk kidney (mesonephros); 5 – bladder; 6 – rectum; 7 – cloaca; 8 – mesonephros duct (Wolffian canal); 9 - oviduct funnel; 10 – oviduct (Müllerian canal); 11 – ovary; 12 – egg. 2. Through the Wolf channel. 3. Along the Mullerian canal. 4. Mesonephros, trunk. 5. In the form of urea, ureothelium.
Task 6. 1. 1 – forebrain; 2 – diencephalon; 3 – midbrain; 4 – cerebellum; 5 - medulla; 6 – semicircular canals of the inner ear; 7 – eardrum; 8 – stirrup; 9 – tympanic cavity; 10 – Eustachian tube. 2. Transmits vibrations of the tympanic membrane to the membrane of the oval window. 3. Equalizes the pressure in the tympanic cavity with atmospheric pressure.
Task 7. **Test 1: 2, 4, 6, 7. **Test 2: 1, 3, 4. **Test 3: 3, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11. **Test 4: 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7.
Task 8. 1. 1 – eggs and development of the embryo inside the egg; 2 – larva – tadpole with external gills; 3 – tadpole with internal gills and hind limbs; 4 – tadpole with hind and fore limbs; 5 – frog. 2. External. 3. One. 4. Two, atrium and ventricle. 5. External, then internal gills and integument. 6. Plant food. 7. Back pair.
Task 9. **Test 1: 2, 4, 5, 8, 9, 11, 13. **Test 2: 2, 5, 6, 7, 8. **Test 3: 1 – b; 2 – b; 3 – a; 4 – b; 5 B; 6 – a; 7 – b; 8 – a; 9 – in; 10 – a; 11 – b; 12 – .a.
Task 10. 1 types. 2. Tailed, tailless, legless. 3. Eyelids and lacrimal glands. 4. Inner, middle ear and eardrum. 5. Two circles, three-chambered heart. 6. To the right - mixed, to the left - arterial. 7. In the front: shoulder, forearm, hand; in the back - thigh, lower leg, foot. 8. Cervical, trunk, sacral and caudal bones. 9. Shoulder: paired shoulder blades, clavicles, crow bones, unpaired sternum; pelvic - fused paired iliac, pubic, and ischial bones. 10. Liver and pancreas. 11. Cloaca. 12. Lungs and skin. 13. Kidneys, ureters, bladder. 14. Trunk, mesonephros. 15. In the form of urea, ureothelium. 16. In the form of ammonia, ammoniothelia. 17. External, internal gills and then lungs. 18. One circle, two-chambered heart. 19. B aquatic environment. 20. External. million years ago, in Paleozoic era, in the Devonian. 22. Rhipidistia, ancient freshwater lobe-finned fish. 23. Light and five-fingered paired limbs.
Task 11. 1. A structure in the conus arteriosus of amphibians that regulates the flow of blood into the various arterial arches. 2. Kidneys containing up to several hundred nephrons, the tubules in which form blind extensions - Bowman's capsules surrounding the vascular glomerulus. The main difference from the head kidney is that not only the cavity fluid is filtered (using ciliated funnels), as happens in the head kidney, but also blood. However, a lot of water is lost through urine, so animals with such a kidney can only live in an aquatic or humid environment. 3. Removal of end products of protein metabolism in the form of urea. 4. The primary ureter, in males, performs two functions - the function of the vas deferens and the function of urination. In male Wolffian amniotes, the canal functions as the ejaculatory canal. 5. Forms the oviduct in female anamnia and amniotes, in placental mammals differentiates into the oviduct itself, the uterus and the vagina. 6. The air cavity behind the eardrum, connected by the eustachian tube to the nasopharynx, contains one (amphibians, reptiles, birds) and three (mammals) auditory ossicles. 7. The canal connecting the middle ear cavity with the nasopharynx. 8. Reproduction by larval stage. 9. Freshwater lobe-finned fish, probable ancestors of ancient amphibians. 10. Fossil transitional form between fish and amphibians.
(video recording). 22 August 2017 15:00 "Our house - Pacific Russia" Rubric "Treasures of the Ussuri taiga" Presenter: senior researcher FSC Biodiversity FEB RAS Tatyana Vshivkova Guest: senior researcher FSC Biodiversity, herpetologist Irina MASLOVA
Primorsky Krai is rich natural resources from forests (which are shrinking at the speed of sound - mostly being sent abroad in felled form), natural resources (which are mined to be transported there) - to small, amazing creatures– Far Eastern frogs, which have their own price in China and are therefore a close object of attention for both Chinese poachers and their Russian accomplices.
The story of the poor Far Eastern frogs is sad and instructive. Even before the revolution, Chinese neighbors were harvesting the Far Eastern frog along the Sui-fun (Razdolnaya) river valley. IN Soviet time the scale of this business reached such proportions that in the early 30s of the last century, the USSR trade representative in Dairen wrote to Soyuzryba with a proposal to limit the catch of Rana dybowskii (Far Eastern frog) in the Far East for export to China in dried form. After the deportation of the Chinese from Russian territory on long years this fishery has disappeared from Russian Far East. Until TODAY came.
After perestroika and the subsequent period of permissiveness and economic mismanagement, Chinese poachers, having gained freedom of movement throughout our country, truly became the scourge of coastal forests and reservoirs. One of the objects of their commercial interest was again our poor Rana dybowskii. The passion is so strong that Chinese poachers use any means to cross the border, quickly collect live or pre-dried goods and return, despite customs obstacles and the threat of punishment in their own country.
According to renowned Russian herpetologist Irina Maslova, 2004 was a critical year for many populations of the Far Eastern frog in the south of the Russian Far East. Its numbers have dropped by several orders of magnitude, and one of the main reasons is the large-scale capture of animals by Chinese and Russian poachers. Frogs today continue to mercilessly “row” throughout the south of the Far East. Stupidly, senselessly destroying a valuable, perfectly renewable (with a certain approach) biological resource.
Poachers set up barriers and electrocute frogs. Typically, a brigade employs from three to nine people, mostly residents of the Chinese provinces neighboring Primorye. One trip abroad costs each poacher an average of two thousand yuan. In China this is very good money - wage for an ordinary peasant it ranges from 150 to 250 yuan. In most cases, detainees tell approximately the same story, that they are ordinary peasants working the land, everyone lives very poorly, they went to risky jobs to feed themselves and their families. They collect not for themselves, but for subsequent sale.
The Far Eastern frog is not included in the Red Book, since it used to be very common in Primorye. However, the Chinese "hunt" for last years significantly reduced its numbers. And the formerly polyphonic “frog concerts” are already becoming a rarity in the vicinity of cities and towns. When Chinese restaurants were just starting to open in Vladivostok, chefs from the People's Republic of China offered frog dishes to Primorye residents. Now sanitary doctors banned these delicacies. You need a quality certificate, but where can you get it if all amphibians are caught illegally in the surrounding forests? Scientists call the “hunting” of frogs environmental sabotage, and say that within ten years the reduction in numbers can lead to serious degradation of frog populations.
But what is the interest of the Chinese in our green beauty? In China, frogs are highly prized. They are used both in cooking and in oriental medicine. Moreover, more than dietary meat, the Chinese value brown fat in frogs. The Russians don’t know what to do with it, and the Chinese keep its healing properties a strict secret. Preparations made from frog fat are recommended for patients with hypertension, with thrombosis of various locations, including cerebral vessels. The breakdown of blood clots and sclerotic plaques occurs due to the presence of rare amino acids in the composition of the drug; the use of the drug is indicated for diabetes mellitus; for stroke and heart attack; weakened sexual functions, low immunity or in case of cerebral hemorrhages.
Today we are proud of the results of the positive experience of restoring the number of rarities of our taiga - the tiger and the leopard... But Far Eastern frogs Such help may soon be needed; they may well become one of the endangered animals. Who will protect them?
The elder will answer this and other questions Researcher Federal Scientific Center for Biodiversity, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, candidate biological sciences, famous Far Eastern herpetologist Irina MASLOVA
Presenter: Tatyana Vshivkova
In the near future, witches, warlocks and gourmets will have a hard time. One of the main components of their potions and favorite dish- toads and frogs - may become completely extinct. The reason for the rapid extinction of amphibians is a tiny creature that cannot be seen without a microscope. The name of the terrible enemy of amphibians is Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis.
B. dendrobatidis reproduces on the skin of amphibians. At one stage of development, fungi are mobile, so over time the affected area becomes most of the body of a frog or toad. Fungal growths prevent amphibians from normally absorbing water with oxygen dissolved in it. For amphibians, the importance of skin respiration is very great. For example, in a green frog, up to 50 percent of oxygen enters through the skin and up to 86 percent of CO 2 is released.
Amphibians, or amphibians, are a class of vertebrates considered an intermediate evolutionary link between fish and reptiles. All amphibians are cold-blooded - that is, their body temperature depends on the temperature environment. Amphibians, for example, include frogs, toads, salamanders and caecilians. In total there are about 4.5 thousand modern species amphibians. By comparison, there are more than a million species of insects on Earth.
Once you meet a frog or a toad, B. dendrobatidis rarely releases its prey. IN favorable conditions The fungus is capable of destroying up to 50 percent of the species living in the vicinity in a year. Within each type, losses can reach 80 percent. B. dendrobatidis moves, getting from the skin of one frog to the skin of another. The fungus can also spread through water flow and, probably, with the help of inadvertent carriers, which can be, for example, birds.
Fight and search
An effective treatment B. dendrobatidis haven't figured it out yet. The simplest option - removing infected individuals from nature - is in fact unrealistic. It is very difficult to identify the fungus at an early stage of infection, and in order to catch all the affected individuals, it will be necessary to increase the number of scientists by orders of magnitude.
Recently, a group of researchers proposed an alternative way to fight the infection. Zoologists decided to use an antifungal solution. New method will not be able to completely destroy B. dendrobatidis, however, it will contain the spread of the fungus sufficiently to maintain a stable population size. This method is also not universal: it can only be used to save certain populations of amphibians.
Now it is difficult to give a definite forecast for the future of amphibians. There is no reliable cure for fungus yet. Using existing control methods, scientists hope to preserve at least some of the species. Among other things, amphibians are becoming extinct. A constant increase in temperatures leads to changes in the habitats habitual for amphibians. The sensitive skin of these creatures does not tolerate changes in temperature and humidity, which makes it difficult for them to adapt to new conditions. Some ecologists predict that about half of all European amphibian species could become extinct by 2050 (and that doesn't take into account the impacts B. dendrobatidis).
So those who like to watch toads or salamanders in the pond should probably get a terrarium.
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Target: generalize and deepen knowledge about amphibians; develop the interest and cognitive activity of students.
Equipment: tasks for competitions: “Puzzle”, “Teams”, “Cyphering”, “Zoo Joke”, “Chineword”; barrel and chips with numbers from 1 to 15.
Conditions: Three teams take part in the game (in rows of desks); Each competition is worth a certain number of points. The team with the most points wins.
Marks are given as follows: for 1st place – “5”, for 2nd place – “4”, for 3rd place – “3”, additional incentive marks are also given to actively working children from each team.
Competition "WARM-UP"
Exercise: The teams are given sheets of paper and each team member takes turns writing one feature of the external or internal structure of the frog.
Grade:
Competition "PUZZLE"
Exercise: find the beginning of the puzzle and read along a continuous line what is written about tailed amphibians.
Grade: 5 points.
E | WITH | P | ABOUT | WITH | ABOUT | B | N | Y | AND |
N | D | N | A | L | Y, | N | AND | R | Z |
Y | R | A | M | A | WITH | ABOUT | T | T | D |
AND | TO | U | IN | Z | b | T | A | IN | A |
Answer: Newts and salamanders are not capable of making sounds.
Competition “FROZENS FROM A BARREL”
Conditions: Teams take turns drawing numbers from the barrel and answering the question with that number. If the answering team gives the wrong answer, other teams can give their answer and earn extra points.
Grade: 2 points for each answer.
Competition "WHO IS BIGGER"
Exercise: Teams take turns naming one amphibian representative; the team that names the most representatives wins.
Grade: 1 point for each name.
Competition "TEAMS"
Exercise: distribute representatives among teams:
Grade: 1 point for each correct answer.
Squads:
A) Tailless:
B) Tailed:
B) Legless:
Representatives:
1 – tritons; 2 – frogs; 3 – ambistomy; 4 – toads; 5 – salamanders; 6 – caecilians; 7 – toads; 8 – proteas; 9 – tree frogs; 10 – salamanders.
Answers:
A) 2; 4; 7; 9.
B) 1; 3; 5; 8; 10.
AT 6.
Competition "ENCRYPTION"
Exercise: make up the names of amphibians from the given words, rearranging letters and syllables:
Grade: 2 points for each correctly composed name
1) KAKVASH (frog)
2) MELZUDOLIFA (phyllomedusa)
3) TIRNOT (triton)
4) YASHAGLLUK (frog)
5) RANASADMAL (salamander)
6) SALTOCOL (axolotl)
Competition "ZOO JOKE"
Exercise: determine the parts of which amphibians make up the fantastic amphibian.
Grade: 10 points.
Answer:
1) head – toads;
2) the body and hind legs of a grass frog;
3) front legs - tree frogs;
4) tail – newt;
5) body coloring – lake frog;
Competition “YOU are for me, I am for you”
Conditions: teams ask opposing teams 5 questions each; If the answering team gives an incorrect answer, a point is awarded to the team asking the question.
Grade: 1 point for each answer.
Competition "CHINEWORD"
Exercise: one representative of each team must solve a Chinese puzzle, filling it with the names of amphibians.
Grade: 5 points.
Competition "RACE FOR THE LEADER"
Exercise: Teams must take turns answering 8 questions in 1 minute.
Grade: 1 point for each question.
Questions for 1 team:
1. What do frogs breathe? (lungs and skin)
2. What is the difference between frog eggs and toad eggs? (frogs have lumps, toads have long cords)
3. Do frogs have teeth? (Yes)
4. The last section of the intestine in amphibians (cloaca)
5. What type of water can amphibians live in in reservoirs? (fresh)
6. The large North American frog got its name due to its strong voice. The sound that males make is reminiscent of the roar of an entire herd of cows. Sometimes it can be heard at a distance of up to 2-3 km. What kind of frog is this? (bullfrog)
7. Green, gray, Mongolian, reed - they are all representatives of the same family. Which one? (toads)
8. Whirling in a water dance, the male directs the eggs emerging from the female’s cloaca into the cells on her back. The skin of the back immediately swells, and the eggs find themselves tightly seated in it. After two months, fully formed young animals, not tadpoles, will emerge from the cells. What type of amphibian reproduces in such an amazing way? (pipa toad)
Questions for team 2:
1. What “style” does a frog swim in? (brass)
2. From whom did amphibians originate? (lobe-finned fish)
3. Will a frog suffocate if its mouth and nostrils are closed? (no, it will breathe through the skin)
4. Why does a frog need eyelids? (to wet your eyes when blinking)
5. How many fingers does a frog have on its forelimb? (4)
6. In ancient times it was believed that these animals have magical power. Whatever they did with them to prepare various potions - burned, crushed, dried, boiled with various herbs. And in our time, this animal has become the name of a shoe campaign. (salamander)
7. Grass, sharp-faced, pond and lake - represent one family. Which? (frogs)
8. These are on top small frogs have a dark protective color, and the underside of the legs and abdomen are bright. In case of danger, they strongly arch their backs and turn out their paws, so that the bright color of their abdomen becomes visible. What is the name of this amphibian? (toadstool)
Questions for team 3:
1. Is it true that if you hold a toad in your hands, warts will appear? (no, toad mucus has bactericidal properties)
2. Which part of the brain is the most developed in frogs? (front)
3. Do frogs blink, and why? (yes, to wet your eyes)
4. What is the name of the amphibian larva? (tadpole)
5. Why does a frog salivate? (wet food)
6. The larvae of this amphibian have an amazing property - neoteny, that is, the ability to reproduce in the larval stage without turning into an adult amphibian. In the Aztec language, its name literally means “water toy.” What is the name of this amphibian and its larva? (ambistoma; axolotl)
7. Common, crested, Siberian, Asia Minor - they are all representatives of the same family of tailed amphibians. Which one? (newts)
8. These tailless animals received their name for their unique way of bearing offspring. The male wraps the eggs, spawned by the female, in the form of two cords around his legs and wears them for about a month - until the tadpoles hatch. Who is this? (midwife toad)
Summing up the lesson and grading.
Greetings, my dears!
With money you can make devils turn the millstone (Chinese proverb)
Many thousands of years ago ancient land In China there lived a toad named Chan Chu. She had three legs and a vicious character. Rumors about her terrible temper reached the Buddha himself, and he had to punish the obnoxious animal. The sage took away one of her paws and forced her to serve a man, making her a talisman of wealth. Now this creature appears to people every full moon, inviting financial success. This is how the Feng Shui money toad appeared.
The Mystery of the Chinese Frog
Money toad bears responsibility for the financial support of its owner. She directs the cash flow and indicates where it should go. Often, five special coins are tied to the frog’s paws, tied together with a red thread. These are coins of the “Five Emperors”, the first and most powerful Chinese rulers of the Qing Dynasty. They support the frog and give it:
- “The luck of the five sides.” North and south, west and east, as well as the center - the talisman receives a financial message from all sides.
- "Blessing of the Five" These are the five main symbols of the sign: happiness, longevity, wealth, position and salary.
There is another option for using a talismanthree-legged frog. Taking into account the fact that some types of toads live for a very long time, sometimes up to 50 years, their figurines are placed in the house as a symbol of longevity and immortality.
Types of money toads
The frog is a fashionable creature. She often changes her image and can appear before you in different forms.
- A toad sitting on a large mountain of coins. This talisman will give its owner financial independence and will help you save a lot of money.
- Frog with Ba Gua symbol. Ba Gua is a sacred octagon of Feng Shui, each side of it is responsible for one of the elements. Sometimes the symbol itself serves as the basis for a mountain of coins on which the animal sits. This talisman will bring prosperity to everyone in your family. Besides financial well-being money frog with Ba Gua will reliably protect the house from destructive negative energy.
- Toad with Hotei. The sacred god Hotei is a symbol of pleasure and prosperity. He is depicted as a laughing Buddha. This talisman is designed to work for your luck in professional service. Is waiting for you good career, which will entail financial profit.
- Frog with a coin in its mouth. The coin should lie towards the top with hieroglyphs and be freely removed from the mouth. The help of such a talisman will be to protect you from frivolous spending of money.
- Frog with open mouth. You need to insert a coin or banknote into her mouth for the talisman to work. Such a toad great helper for those who know how to manage finances, who simply want to increase their already accumulated funds
By ancient superstition If a money toad suddenly spits out a coin or bill from its mouth, get ready to meet a large financial influx. The three-legged frog should be as close to the real thing as possible and look very expensive and luxurious.
The role of the material
The effectiveness of a financial talisman directly depends on the material used. Particularly valuable symbols are made of gold and bronze (both of these metals are a symbol of financial prosperity).
- to protect business and its prosperity, talismans are made of jadeite (a semi-precious green stone);
- red frog enhance not cash flow. This is a symbol of attracting health energy and is located in the eastern sector of the house.
A financial talisman is effective if it is made of glass, wood or semi-precious metal. Precious and semi-precious stones usually adorn the eyes of frogs or their backs.
Where to place the sacred talisman
So, you have a Feng Shui money toad in your home, where should you put it now? Wise teaching does not tolerate mistakes. It is very important to know where a profitable frog should stand in order to work as efficiently as possible for the benefit of the owner.
Where not to put a toad:
- in the toilet, bath (its work will be negatively affected by the Yin reigning in these places);
- in the southern part of the house. This is the Feng Shui fire sector, which toads really dislike;
- looking at front door(finances will simply leave your home);
- directly on the floor (the frog will feel disrespected);
- too high (wealth may jump out of the window);
- in the kitchen (it’s too hot for a noble person);
- in the bedroom (she will fall asleep with the money).
It must be installed:
- in the living room;
- with your back to the entrance to the home;
- on the windowsill with your back to the window;
- to the left of the door, located diagonally;
- on a small bedside table, trellis or small shelf.
But the most perfect place, where the money toad should stand is the Feng Shui Wealth sector, located in the southeast side of the home (about the zone of wealth). The financial symbol that will be located there should be made of blue or green wood. Blue and black glass are also allowed. The metal and plaster option is less effective. In this case, it is advisable to place a frog there that is bronze, gold or silver in color.
If you decide that the toad should be located at work, then you need to place it where financial transactions constantly take place (cash register). Or on your desktop (then it should be in the upper left corner of the table).
For a frog, its favorite element is water, especially if it is in motion. To the sacred talisman I will really enjoy living in a home fountain. You can put it next to the aquarium.
Activation of the Three-Legged Toad talisman
Force Three-legged toad mascot so large that targeted activation is not usually required. It is carried out only if there is a need to quickly gain financial stability and prosperity. How to do this correctly? First, you need to completely place the talisman in water for one day, after which, without allowing it to dry, place it in the chosen place.
In China itself, very often the toad was permanently placed at the bottom of a fountain with running water, as it was believed that this enhances the attracted monetary energy.
In one room you need to have no more than one figurine of a three-legged toad, focusing on a study or office. In the latter, you need to place it so that the animal’s muzzle looks at the desktop and is not blocked from your view. You can, for example, place the figurine directly on the edge of the table or on the floor if it is large.
According to Feng Shui, a toad can be activated by paying more attention to it. In this way, you emphasize your request to the talisman and invest part of your energy in its work. Sometimes you come across information that a red thread tied to a coin in the toad’s mouth can help strengthen the talisman. You can water the toad or wash it any day, but no more than twice a week.
This symbol must contain red. If the frog does not have red in its decor, place it on a red napkin or decorate the toad with a red ribbon.
The frog is a shy creature, you need to place it so that the talisman does not catch the eye of everyone who comes to the house. And don't get excited. There should be no more than 9 frogs per dwelling. Ideally, there can be 3, 6 or 9 toads in one house. Moreover, they must be placed strictly according to the sectors of Ba Gua.
And find with a toad mutual language. Tell her and get advice on all financial plans, monetary transactions, and upcoming purchases. And then your Feng Shui talisman will work for you with maximum efficiency. Be rich!