Obukhova, Lidiya Alekseevna. Age-related psychology
USSR
writer
Lidiya Alekseevna Obukhova(August 17 - April 26) - Russian writer.
Biography
Creation
She worked in the genres of historical novels, children's and documentary prose, and fiction. She has written several books about Yuri Gagarin (“In the beginning there was the Earth”, “Star Son of the Earth”, “Favorite of the Century”, “How a Boy Became an Astronaut”), a series of short stories about the life of the ancient Slavs, a novel about Lermontov “The Chosen One”.
A notable phenomenon in Soviet science fiction of the 1960s was Obukhova’s story “Lilith” (1966) - the writer’s first work in the fantasy genre. The story, which contains obvious references to an apocryphal biblical myth, describes the contact of aliens with the primitive people of the Earth, seen through the eyes of the latter. A number of other fantastic stories and stories by Obukhova, related mainly to humorous fiction - “Archeopteryx Chicks”, “Dialogue with the Moon Man”, “Noah’s Daughter”, “This Year’s Apple” - were included in the collection “Dialogue with the Moon Man” (1977) .
Bibliography
- Glubyn-gorodok - M., 1956
- Under the Ryazan stars - M., 1960
- Splinter - M., 1961
- Kindness: A Little Story - M., 1962
- Little stories - M., 1963
- Beautiful countries: Travel in diaries - M., 1964
- Lilith: A Fantastic Tale - M., 1966
- Five points: Stories - M., 1967
- Silver Book of the North - M., 1968
- Spring more often than once a year - M., 1970
- In the beginning there was the Earth... - M., 1973
- Vitebichi: Historical Novels - Minsk, 1974
- Star Son of the Earth: A Tale. - M., 1974
- First shots - M., 1976
- Dialogue with the Moon Man: Tales and Stories - Kaliningrad, 1977
- Favorite of the Century: A Tale-Memory - M., 1977
- Alarm Morning: Historical Tale - M., 1978
- Borderline characters: A documentary story - M., 1978
- New life of Ruzhiev - M., 1981
- Behind the Golden Gate: A Journey through the City of Vladimir - M., 1983
- Favorites - M., 1983
- Day at the outpost - M., 1984
- How a boy became an astronaut: The Tale of Yu. Gagarin - M., 1984
- Once upon a time: A story about the life of the ancient Slavs. - M., 1986
- Memory barrier; Snow Robinsons: Stories. - M., 1988
- Zvanka - the son of Dobrila: A story about the life of the Slavs during the time of Kyiv. Rusi - M., 1988
- Taking care of the fleece: Documentary border stories - M., 1989
- The Chosen One: A novel-sketch about Lermontov - Alma-Ata, 1989
- A whole day with sunrise and sunset: Stories - M., 1989
- Dobroslava from the Busov family: The Tale of the Ancient Slavs-Antas - M., 1990
- Stories and readings on Russian history - M., 1995
Notes
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Obukhova is the feminine form of the surname Obukhov. Obukhova, Varvara Aleksandrovna (1901 1988) Russian actress Obukhova, Lidia Alekseevna (1922 1991) Russian writer. Obukhova, Nadezhda Andreevna (1886 1961) Russian opera singer.... ... Wikipedia
Nadezhda Andreevna (1886 1961), singer (mezzo-soprano), People's Artist of the USSR (1937). Student of U. Masetti. In 1916 48 at the Bolshoi Theater (Moscow). Parts of Marfa (Khovanshchina by M. P. Mussorgsky), Lyubov (Mazeppa by P. I. Tchaikovsky) and others. In chamber... ... Russian history
Nadezhda Andreevna, Russian Soviet singer (mezzo-soprano), People's Artist of the USSR (1937). In 1912 she graduated from the Moscow Conservatory, class of W. A. Mazetti. Since 1912 it has performed as a concert... ... Nadezhda Andreevna (22 II (6 III) 1886, Moscow 14 VIII 1961, Feodosia, buried in Moscow) sov. singer (mezzo-soprano), nar. art. USSR (1937). In 1912 she graduated from Moscow. conservatory in singing class with W. A. Mazetti, from the same year became... ...
Music Encyclopedia
Lidia Alekseevna Obukhova Date of birth: August 17, 1922 (19220817) Place of birth: Kutaisi Date of death: April 26, 1991 Place of death: Moscow ... Wikipedia Obukhova N. A. - OBUKHOVA Nadezhda Andreevna (1886-1961), singer (mezzo-soprano), people. art. USSR (1937). Graduated from Moscow. Conservatory (1912). In 191648 she was a soloist of the Bolshoi Theater. One of the outstanding representatives of Russian. vocal school. During the war years... ...
Lidia Alekseevna Obukhova Date of birth: August 17, 1922 (19220817) Place of birth: Kutaisi Date of death: April 26, 1991 Place of death: Moscow ... Wikipedia Great Patriotic War 1941-1945: encyclopedia - OBUKHOVA Nadezhda Andreevna (1886-1961), singer (mezzo-soprano), people. art. USSR (1937). Student of U. Masetti. In 191648 in the Bolshoi Theater (Moscow). Parts of Marfa (Khovanshchina by M.P. Mussorgsky), Lyubov (Mazeppa by P.I. Tchaikovsky) and others. In chamber…
Biographical Dictionary Obukhova E. K. - OBUKHOVA Evgenia Konstantinovna (22.4.1874, St. Petersburg, 28.3.1948, Tashkent), sov. artist, teacher. Graduated from St. Petersburg. theater. school In 1892–1910 she worked at the Mariinsky Theater. Parts: Gamzatti (La Bayadère), Khan's Wife (The Little Humpbacked Horse) and... ...
Russian Soviet singer (mezzo-soprano), People's Artist of the USSR (1937). In 1912 she graduated from the Moscow Conservatory, class of W. A. Mazetti. From 1912 she performed as a concert singer, from 1916‒1943 as a soloist... Great Soviet Encyclopedia
The original version of this book, published in 1994, represented the first attempt in modern Russian psychological science to create a full-fledged textbook on child psychology. It combined the scientific achievements of both foreign (S. Freud, A. Freud, J. Piaget, E. Erikson, etc.) and Russian (L. S. Vygotsky, A. N. Leontiev, P. Ya. Galperin , D.B. Elkonin, etc.) psychology. The textbook presents an analysis of the world's leading and domestic theories of mental development, a variety of factual material, and also provides a description of the pressing problems being solved by researchers in the field of developmental psychology. Over the past years, significant changes have occurred both in life and in science. To preserve the scientific and pedagogical significance of the textbook, which has become widely known, significant changes and additions were made to the original text. Corresponds to the Federal State Educational Standard for Higher Professional Education of the third generation. For students of psychology and teachers, students of pedagogical colleges, as well as for anyone interested in the issues of mental development of children.
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- Glubyn-gorodok - M., 1956, Belarus. "Glybin-garadok", 1958 (translated into Belarusian by Pavlovich)
- Under the Ryazan stars - M., 1960
- Splinter - M., 1961
- Kindness: A Little Story - M., 1962
- Little stories - M., 1963
- Beautiful countries: Travel in diaries - M., 1964
- Lilith: A Fantastic Tale - M., 1966
- Five points: Stories - M., 1967
- Silver Book of the North - M., 1968
- Spring more often than once a year - M., 1970
- In the beginning there was the Earth... - M., 1973
- Vitebichi: Historical Novels - Minsk, 1974
- Star Son of the Earth: A Tale. - M., 1974
- First shots - M., 1976
- Dialogue with the Moon Man: Tales and Stories - Kaliningrad, 1977
- Favorite of the Century: A Tale-Memory - M., 1977
- Alarm Morning: Alexander Nevsky: Historical story: For Wednesdays. school age / Lydia Obukhova; Artist Alexander Antonov. - M.: Young Guard, 1978. - 176 p. - (Pioneer means first. Issue 61). - 100,000 copies.(in translation)
- Borderline characters: A documentary story - M., 1978
- New life of Ruzhiev - M., 1981
- Behind the Golden Gate: A Journey through the City of Vladimir - M., 1983
- Favorites - M., 1983
- Day at the outpost - M., 1984
- How a boy became an astronaut: The Tale of Yu. Gagarin - M., 1984
- Once upon a time: A story about the life of the ancient Slavs. - M., 1986
- Memory barrier; Snow Robinsons: Stories. - M., 1988
- Zvanka - the son of Dobrila: A story about the life of the Slavs during the time of Kyiv. Rusi - M., 1988
- Taking care of the fleece: Documentary border stories - M., 1989
- The Chosen One: A novel-sketch about Lermontov - Alma-Ata, 1989
- A whole day with sunrise and sunset: Stories - M., 1989
- Dobroslava from the Busov family: The Tale of the Ancient Slavs-Antas - M., 1990
- Stories and readings on Russian history - M., 1995
- Encyclopedic literature and culture of Belarus: U 5th volume, T. 1. A capella - Tapestry / Redkal.: I. P. Shamyakin (Gal. ed.) and others. - Mn. : BelSE im. Petrusya Brovki, 1984. - T. 1. - 727 p. - 10,000 copies.(In Belarusian language)
- Obukhova L. A. Memory barrier; Snow Robinsons // Library of the magazine "Border Guard" / ch. ed. V. V. Yarlychenko. - M.: Military Publishing House, 1988. - T. 133. - P. 2. - 96 p.
- // Encyclopedia of Fiction: Who's Who / Ed. Vl. Gakova. - Minsk: IKO "Galaxias", 1995. - 694 p. - ISBN 985-6269-01-6.
- on the website "Laboratory of Science Fiction"
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And everything that exists began through rebellion.
Maximilian Voloshin
The star walked in circles of the Universe. Untracked by anyone from Earth, she stubbornly sent out the alphabet of her beam. But the animals moved on a plane, and for human beings the night sky was darkened by the flames of the fires; they did not feel the multidimensionality of space.
The star was approaching, although it was far away, at a distance of several planetary generations.
...Having dozed off, Lilith suddenly woke up. It seemed to her that between these two moments no more time had passed than was necessary for a wave of a hand; in fact, she slept through two fires. The sun had long since set, and the black sky confused the branches.
She was awakened by the sound of a drum. She raised her head. The day before, the tribe hunted successfully; only one beater did not escape disaster: the paw of the dying beast tore a piece of skin from his shoulder. But the blood was soon subsided, and now he was having fun with everyone around the common fire.
Lilith craned her neck curiously. She slept, like all children, behind a picket fence that no animal could jump over. A bed of armfuls of grass overwhelmed the other odors with the thick aroma of withering. The greenery, before turning into a pile of yellow scales, exhaled moisture; the leaves were still alive, and the flowers, like fish thrown ashore, opened their mouths - for the first time their corollas did not close before evening.
Lilith tried to drive away the tenacious smell with her palm; her eyes greedily caught the glow of the fire. In the smoky reddish darkness the sounds of tabunda were heard: scattered blows, similar to tremors of blood. They passed through Lilith’s veins like streams of fire, causing either cold or heat.
She perplexedly pushed one, another, the third of the sleeping people. She pushed roughly, like a creature that had become accustomed to pain and was accustomed to inflicting it on others, not considering pain to be something important, let alone hunger!
But Lilith knew from infancy that night exists - the other side of the world. Her mother told her about this, giving birth to her close to midnight. The very name “Lilith” meant darkness, gloom, when even the rare stars are hidden behind the clouds - and everyone was surprised: why was such a frightening word chosen? After all, other women entrusted their children to the forces of the day. But Lilith's mother wanted her daughter to be the daughter of the night. In the strange persistence of the sickly woman, perhaps, there was hidden hope that it would be her child who would eventually overcome his nightly fears, just as the brave step over the magic circle.
The mother did not talk about this with Lilith, and they rarely saw each other: children who were weaned grew up under the supervision of old women, and men and women were equally busy getting food.
The people of the Tabunda tribe (which meant “who created the drum”) had long walked through the forests, stopping only to hunt. They struggled to get out into the open, into a grassy plain similar to the one from which they themselves had come. They felt buried in a dense forest; his hostile wariness was depressing: no paths except animal ones! Random encounters with their own kind left only a feeling of bewilderment: the people of the forest were wild and cowardly, they saw an enemy in everyone approaching and disappeared before they could be called out. And the tribe walked and walked among the giant trees that exuded amber and glassy resins. Lilith could not know when the great exodus began and what caused it. She was born on the way. For her, the forest was already her homeland, and the fallen trunks eaten by rodents were her cradle and shelter. But Lilith’s mother said that she remembers the night sky with many lights! Until the end of her life, until her early death - she died, bitten by a snake - her mother grieved under the low arches of trees, through which the distorted oblong face of a star could only sometimes be seen.
However, it was unlikely that my mother saw that endless sky with her own eyes: after all, she was so young, and the forest was so huge! Due to naivety, inability to separate herself from other people, she could simply populate her memory with other people's stories; the tribe was helpless in counting time; life on the plain seemed like yesterday. But where were the people of Tabunda going? Where did all the human tribes go? Like water, they filled the hollows of the planet.
Somewhere in the north musk oxen were grazing; forest elephants were encountered in the thickets, and a spotted horse, large-headed, with large teeth and a narrow muzzle, neighed fiercely and rushed across the plains - but this was a passing world!
After the earth took three deep breaths, now closing the frozen eyes of the continents, now opening them wide - and then the lakes of melting glaciers trustingly stared into the sky, and then glaciation was approaching again, cold winds dried out the soil, it cracked, moraines and yellowish dust were destroyed rushed thousands of kilometers until it settled somewhere in layers of fertile loess - after all this, first in the dark forests, and then on the green plains, a man appeared.
He was invisible, but not helpless. His youth stood behind him!
The history of the Tabunda tribe began with the creation of a drum. The skin of the killed animal was stretched over branches woven in circles. When the last drops of juice left them, the branches dried out, the drum became tight and light. The most superficial touch was enough for his skin to tremble and emit strange sounds - still infinitely far from music, but already rhythmic and exciting.
Tabunda - the drum - was no one's. He was carefully carried from place to place, sheltered from the rain; he was considered the property of everyone. Even the tiniest children were sometimes allowed to lay their dark, dirty palms on his melodious skin.
The tribe began to be called Tabunda in imitation of the sound of the drum. When, after a successful hunt, everyone left the fires satiated and could not sleep on a warm moonlit night, then his dominance began! Everyone was in a hurry to talk about their bravery, to lie down and boast, and since there were few words, they had to spin around like a loach, jump up to become taller, and of course beat the drum: where there is a lot of noise, there is a lot of power!
...Waking up from the sounds of the tabunda, Lilith at first did not even think about violating the ban. It said quite clearly: at dusk, children should not leave their enclosed sleeping area for the night. But the drum sounded and sounded; its disparate beats had an attractive force, they seemed to pulsate - and it was like the first call of an awakening being.
Lilith loosened the stakes, and narrow shoulders squeezed into the hole after her head. Not noticing the scratches, she broke free, like an animal from a snare.
Her eyes soon became accustomed to the darkness; She was surprised to realize that she could distinguish everything around as clearly as during the day.
The immeasurable expanse of forests surrounding her was teeming with nocturnal passions, the pursuit of the strong after the weak. The flames of the fire felt like an open wound.
Feeling the coldness of the dew, Lilith came to her senses. The fire shone closer, the fence remained behind. It seemed to her that many eyes were staring at her: the eyes of trees, the eyes of grass, flames... She held her breath: now the punishing paw of a beast was about to fall on the back of her head. The girl was waiting for retribution; a shiver ran through her skin, like through the skin of a frightened wolf cub.
And yet, Lilith did what millions of people did before her and after her: she did not allow fear to enslave herself! The instinct of self-preservation equally breeds cowards and pushes them to courage: you can avoid danger in two ways - by running away from it or by going towards it to make sure whether it is there.
USSRLidiya Alekseevna Obukhova(August 17, 1924 - April 26) - Russian writer, member of the Union of Writers of the USSR (1956), author of the famous novels “Deep Town”, “Splinter”, stories “Favorite of the Century”, “Lilith”, travel books “Beautiful Countries” and many others. Her works have been published in more than 30 languages. She was awarded the Order of the Badge of Honor and the medal “For Distinction in Protecting the State Border of the USSR.”
Biography
Family
Her first husband is journalist and writer Vladilen Travinsky.
Creation
Began publishing in the 1940s. The beginning of Lydia Obukhova’s literary activity can be considered 1946, when a number of her essays and stories were published in the newspaper “Soviet Klaipeda”, although Lydia Obukhova’s youthful poem appeared in print when she was 14 years old (“Zateinik”, 1938, No. 12). The first prose work that attracted the attention of critics was the story “Glubyn-gorodok” (1955), written as a result of Lydia Obukhova’s creative trips to Belarus in 1953-1954. Subsequent trips to the regions of Central Russia provided material for the novel “The Splinter” (1961).
She worked in the genres of historical novels, children's and documentary prose, and fiction. She has written several books about Yuri Gagarin (“In the beginning there was the Earth”, “Star Son of the Earth”, “Favorite of the Century”, “How a Boy Became an Astronaut”), a series of short stories about the life of the ancient Slavs, a novel about Lermontov “The Chosen One”.
A notable phenomenon in Soviet science fiction of the 1960s was Obukhova’s story “Lilith” (1966) - the writer’s first work in the fantasy genre. The story, which contains clear references to an apocryphal biblical myth, describes the contact of aliens with the primitive people of the Earth. A number of other fantastic stories and stories by Obukhova, related mainly to humorous fiction - “Archeopteryx Chicks”, “Dialogue with the Moon Man”, “Noah’s Daughter”, “This Year’s Apple” - were included in the collection “Dialogue with the Moon Man” (1977) . In 1974, the book “Vitebichi: Historical Novels” was published, dedicated to the 1000th anniversary of Vitebsk - a series of short stories about the history of the city, the struggle of the underground during the Great Patriotic War, and about modernity.
The autobiographical work “The Barrier of Memory” (1988) resurrects the tragic days of the Great Patriotic War, when women and wives of border officers found themselves in territory temporarily occupied by the Nazis and did not bend. They survived and kept their children. And they waited for Victory.
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An excerpt characterizing Obukhov, Lidia Alekseevna
“Sonya!... Nicolas!...” they just said. They ran to the barn and returned each from their own porch.When everyone drove back from Pelageya Danilovna, Natasha, who always saw and noticed everything, arranged the accommodation in such a way that Luiza Ivanovna and she sat in the sleigh with Dimmler, and Sonya sat with Nikolai and the girls.
Nikolai, no longer overtaking, rode smoothly on the way back, and still peering at Sonya in this strange moonlight, looking for in this ever-changing light, from under his eyebrows and mustache, that former and present Sonya, with whom he had decided never again to be separated. He peered, and when he recognized the same and the other and remembered, hearing that smell of cork, mixed with the feeling of a kiss, he deeply inhaled the frosty air and, looking at the receding earth and the brilliant sky, he felt himself again in a magical kingdom.
- Sonya, are you okay? – he asked occasionally.
“Yes,” answered Sonya. - And you?
In the middle of the road, Nikolai let the coachman hold the horses, ran up to Natasha’s sleigh for a moment and stood on the lead.
“Natasha,” he told her in a whisper in French, “you know, I’ve made up my mind about Sonya.”
-Did you tell her? – Natasha asked, suddenly beaming with joy.
- Oh, how strange you are with those mustaches and eyebrows, Natasha! Are you glad?
– I’m so glad, so glad! I was already angry with you. I didn't tell you, but you treated her badly. This is such a heart, Nicolas. I am so glad! “I can be nasty, but I was ashamed to be the only happy one without Sonya,” Natasha continued. “Now I’m so glad, well, run to her.”
- No, wait, oh, how funny you are! - said Nikolai, still peering at her, and in his sister, too, finding something new, extraordinary and charmingly tender, which he had never seen in her before. - Natasha, something magical. A?
“Yes,” she answered, “you did great.”
“If I had seen her before as she is now,” thought Nikolai, “I would have asked long ago what to do and would have done whatever she ordered, and everything would have been fine.”
“So you’re happy, and I did good?”
- Oh, so good! I recently quarreled with my mother over this. Mom said she's catching you. How can you say this? I almost got into a fight with my mom. And I will never allow anyone to say or think anything bad about her, because there is only good in her.
- So good? - Nikolai said, once again looking for the expression on his sister’s face to find out if it was true, and, squeaking with his boots, he jumped off the slope and ran to his sleigh. The same happy, smiling Circassian, with a mustache and sparkling eyes, looking out from under a sable hood, was sitting there, and this Circassian was Sonya, and this Sonya was probably his future, happy and loving wife.
Arriving home and telling their mother about how they spent time with the Melyukovs, the young ladies went home. Having undressed, but without erasing their cork mustaches, they sat for a long time, talking about their happiness. They talked about how they would live married, how their husbands would be friends and how happy they would be.
On Natasha’s table there were mirrors that Dunyasha had prepared since the evening. - Just when will all this happen? I'm afraid I never... That would be too good! – Natasha said getting up and going to the mirrors.
“Sit down, Natasha, maybe you’ll see him,” said Sonya. Natasha lit the candles and sat down. “I see someone with a mustache,” said Natasha, who saw her face.
“Don’t laugh, young lady,” Dunyasha said.
With the help of Sonya and the maid, Natasha found the position of the mirror; her face took on a serious expression and she fell silent. She sat for a long time, looking at the row of receding candles in the mirrors, assuming (based on the stories she had heard) that she would see the coffin, that she would see him, Prince Andrei, in this last, merging, vague square. But no matter how ready she was to mistake the slightest spot for the image of a person or a coffin, she saw nothing. She began to blink frequently and moved away from the mirror.
- Why do others see, but I don’t see anything? - she said. - Well, sit down, Sonya; “Nowadays you definitely need it,” she said. – Only for me... I’m so scared today!
Sonya sat down at the mirror, adjusted her position, and began to look.
“They’ll definitely see Sofya Alexandrovna,” Dunyasha said in a whisper; - and you keep laughing.
Sonya heard these words, and heard Natasha say in a whisper:
“And I know what she will see; she saw last year too.
For about three minutes everyone was silent. “Certainly!” Natasha whispered and didn’t finish... Suddenly Sonya moved away the mirror she was holding and covered her eyes with her hand.
- Oh, Natasha! - she said.
– Did you see it? Did you see it? What did you see? – Natasha screamed, holding up the mirror.
Sonya didn’t see anything, she just wanted to blink her eyes and get up when she heard Natasha’s voice saying “definitely”... She didn’t want to deceive either Dunyasha or Natasha, and it was hard to sit. She herself did not know how or why a cry escaped her when she covered her eyes with her hand.
– Did you see him? – Natasha asked, grabbing her hand.
- Yes. Wait... I... saw him,” Sonya said involuntarily, not yet knowing who Natasha meant by the word “him”: him - Nikolai or him - Andrey.
“But why shouldn’t I say what I saw? After all, others see! And who can convict me of what I saw or did not see? flashed through Sonya's head.
“Yes, I saw him,” she said.
- How? How? Is it standing or lying down?
- No, I saw... Then there was nothing, suddenly I see that he is lying.
– Andrey is lying down? He is sick? – Natasha asked, looking at her friend with fearful, stopped eyes.
- No, on the contrary, - on the contrary, a cheerful face, and he turned to me - and at that moment as she spoke, it seemed to her that she saw what she was saying.
- Well, then, Sonya?...
– I didn’t notice something blue and red here...
- Sonya! when will he return? When I see him! My God, how I’m afraid for him and for myself, and for everything I’m afraid...” Natasha spoke, and without answering a word to Sonya’s consolations, she went to bed and long after the candle had been put out, with her eyes open, she lay motionless on the bed and looked at the frosty moonlight through the frozen windows.
Soon after Christmas, Nikolai announced to his mother his love for Sonya and his firm decision to marry her. The Countess, who had long noticed what was happening between Sonya and Nikolai and was expecting this explanation, silently listened to his words and told her son that he could marry whomever he wanted; but that neither she nor his father would give him his blessing for such a marriage. For the first time, Nikolai felt that his mother was unhappy with him, that despite all her love for him, she would not give in to him. She, coldly and without looking at her son, sent for her husband; and when he arrived, the countess wanted to briefly and coldly tell him what was the matter in the presence of Nicholas, but she could not resist: she cried tears of frustration and left the room. The old count began to hesitantly admonish Nicholas and ask him to abandon his intention. Nicholas replied that he could not change his word, and the father, sighing and obviously embarrassed, very soon interrupted his speech and went to the countess. In all his clashes with his son, the count was never left with the consciousness of his guilt towards him for the breakdown of affairs, and therefore he could not be angry with his son for refusing to marry a rich bride and for choosing the dowryless Sonya - only in this case did he more vividly remember what, if things weren’t upset, it would be impossible to wish for a better wife for Nikolai than Sonya; and that only he and his Mitenka and his irresistible habits are to blame for the disorder of affairs.
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