MSW handling - what's on the receipt? Municipal solid waste. Solid household waste is objects or goods that have lost their consumer properties
Order of the Department of Housing and Communal Services and Improvement of the City of Moscow dated January 26, 2015 N 05-01-06-23/5 “On approval of the Regulations for interaction between participants in the experiment on handling solids household waste and bulky waste located on the territory of the South-Western, Western, Northern, South-Eastern, North-Eastern, Central, Eastern, North-Western and Zelenograd administrative districts Moscow city"
In pursuance of clause 11.2 of the protocol dated July 24, 2014 N 18-21-139/4 of the meeting of the Headquarters for coordinating work on landscaping courtyard areas, tidying up entrances and major renovation apartment buildings city of Moscow, to consider issues of implementing the program of local events, preparing municipal facilities for operation in autumn-winter period 2014-2015:
1. Approve the Regulations for the interaction of participants in the experiment on the management of solid household waste and bulky waste generated in apartment buildings located on the territory of the South-Western, Western, Northern, South-Eastern, North-Eastern, Central, Eastern, North-Western and Zelenograd administrative districts of Moscow ().
2. Entrust control over the implementation of this order to the First Deputy Head of the Department A.M. Samsonov.
5.8. Garbage to be collected from courtyard areas is collected by the State Budgetary Institution Zhilishchnik and the State Public Institution IS carried out in separate containers.
Collecting waste to be collected from yard areas into the Contractor's containers/bins is not permitted.
5.12. ATI is guided by the register of waste collection sites when carrying out systematic observation (monitoring) of the condition of the city’s external improvement facilities.
5.13. IZHN is guided by the register of contracts for waste removal when carrying out systematic observation (monitoring) of the activities of Management Companies.
6. The procedure for maintaining a register of contracts for waste removal
6.2. Management company, which has concluded a Waste Removal Agreement with the Tenant, is obliged to conclude a Waste Removal Agreement with the Contractor, or with another to the extent specified in the Waste Removal Agreement with the Tenant.
6.3. On a monthly basis, within 3 working days following the reporting month, the State Property Management Committee of the district submits to the Customer's Directorate a Register of contracts for waste removal, drawn up in the form established in these Regulations.
6.4. The customer's directorate monthly, within 5 (five) working days following the reporting month, summarizes the information received from the Management Companies, State Budgetary Institution Zhilischnik, creates a consolidated register of contracts for waste removal, drawn up in the approved form (to these Regulations) and sends it to ATI, To the state customer and the Contractor.
7. The procedure for information interaction when managing waste under a government contract
7.1. For management companies that receive a subsidy for the maintenance and ongoing repairs of common property in apartment buildings (hereinafter referred to as the Subsidy) and that have signed with the State Customer, the Contractor is obliged to provide waste removal services within the approved standards for the accumulation of solid waste and KGM free of charge.
7.2. The state customer, no later than 5 (five) working days before the start of the provision of services, is obliged to send the Contractor a notice of the date of commencement of the provision of services to the Management Company and provide him with a certified copy of the Agreement with annexes.
7.3. The management company is obliged to send, no later than 3 (three) working days before the start of the provision of services, a notification to the State Customer enclosing 2 (two) original copies of the Address Lists of Solid Waste and CGM Collection Places, signed by the State Property Management Committee and the Contractor in the following cases:
Changes in the number of residents as of the 1st (first) day of the reporting month;
Acceptance or exit from MKD management;
Transfer of MKD from management from one Management company to another;
Changes in information about the address of the waste collection point;
Termination of receiving free services in accordance with clause 4.4 of Appendix 1 to Moscow Government Decree No. 485-PP dated September 13, 2012, or by court decision;
Termination of receiving free services upon leaving the management of an apartment building management company, if there was one apartment building under the management of this Management company.
7.4. The state customer is obliged, no later than 5 (five) working days before the start of the provision of services, to notify the Contractor of the changes that have taken place and to provide certified copies of the current Agreements with annexes.
7.5. The Contractor is obliged to provide services to Management Companies in the volumes and terms established by the Agreements and notifications of the State Customer.
7.6. Management companies that are not recipients of free services (), Tenants, as well as State Budgetary Institution Zhilischnik and/or State Public Institution IS, organize waste management at their own expense.
8. Procedure for removal of solid household waste
8.1. The contractor/garbage removal organization removes solid waste daily according to the Solid Waste Removal Schedule.
8.2. Users are obliged to: collect only solid waste into containers and not allow it to get into containers. waste I-III hazard class, as well as garbage that must be removed from yard areas.
8.3. At the waste collection site, the loader-forwarder and/or the driver of the Contractor/Waste Collection Organization must carry out a visual inspection of waste containers. If there is hazardous waste among the waste ( I-III class hazards), the freight forwarder and/or driver must record this fact by drawing up an appropriate act, which is signed by the loader-forwarder and driver. Information about the detection of hazardous waste (hazard class I-III) is immediately transmitted to the dispatch service of the Contractor/garbage collection organization. Detected hazardous waste must be neutralized and/or disposed of in accordance with current legislation.
8.4. The loader-forwarder and/or driver cleans up waste spilled during unloading from a container (bunker) into special transport. Afterwards, the loader-forwarder ensures the installation of the solid waste container (KGM bunker) at the waste collection site.
8.5. Having carried out the removal of solid waste (MSW) from waste collection sites, in accordance with the route schedule, the crew of the special transport transports the waste along a pre-approved route to the sorting/transshipment/disposal/neutralization facility.
8.6. In case of spillage of waste during its transportation, the crew of special transport shall clean up the spilled waste.
8.7. If hazardous waste (hazard class I-III) is detected in special transport during transportation of solid waste, the crew of the special transport must record this fact by drawing up an appropriate act, which is signed by the loader-forwarder and the driver of the special transport and accept necessary measures. Information about the detection of hazardous waste (hazard class I-III) is immediately transmitted to the dispatch service of the Contractor/garbage collection organization. Detected hazardous waste must be neutralized and/or disposed of in accordance with the requirements of current legislation.
8.8. Within 3 (three) working days following the reporting month, Management Companies are required to agree on the services provided to the Contractor by signing a sheet of approval for the services provided for solid waste management within the limits of the solid waste accumulation rate, drawn up in the form established in the Agreement.
8.9. Management companies submit the signed approval sheet for the register of services provided for solid waste management to the Contractor for forwarding to the State Customer.
8.10. The management company has the right to indicate the presence of comments in the approval sheet to the register of services provided for solid waste management only if an act of identified violations is attached to it, drawn up in strict accordance with the requirements established in the Agreement. In the absence of a properly drawn up report of identified violations, the Management Company signs an approval sheet to the register of services provided for solid waste management without comments.
9. Procedure for removal of bulky waste
9.1. The Contractor removes the KGM from the bunkers according to the application for the removal of the KGM (hereinafter referred to as the Application).
9.2. Management companies send a letter to the Contractor with a list of representatives authorized to submit Applications on their behalf, indicating full name, contact phone number and address email, from which Applications are sent to the Contractor.
9.3. The application must: - be submitted in the form established in these Regulations; - have serial number, date and time of submission; - be certified by the seal of the Management Company and signed by an authorized person (); - be sent to the Contractor’s email.
9.4. Applications are sent to the Contractor no later than 16:00 on the day preceding the day of execution of this application. Applications submitted after 16:00 pm are executed as Applications received the next day.
9.5. The Application is executed by the Contractor within the day following the day of receipt of the Application, taking into account these Regulations.
9.6. When collecting KGM into bunkers, management companies must exercise strict control over preventing construction waste and debris that must be removed from yard areas from entering the bunkers and preventing the bunker from being filled above its upper edge.
9.7. The Contractor provides management companies with monthly services for the removal of KGM in the amount of 1/12 of the average annual accumulation rate of KGM, approved by the Moscow Government.
9.8. Within 3 (three) working days of the month following the reporting month, the Management Companies are obliged to approve the services provided to the Contractor by signing an approval sheet for the register of services provided for handling KGM within the limits of the accumulation rate, drawn up in the form approved in the Agreement and a reconciliation report for the services provided , drawn up in the approved form (to these Regulations).
9.9. The management company has the right to indicate the presence of comments in the approval sheet for the register of services provided for handling CGM strictly if there is attached to it a report of identified violations, drawn up in strict accordance with the requirements established in the Agreement.
In the absence of a properly drawn up report of identified violations, the Management Company signs an approval sheet to the register of services provided for handling CGM without comments.
9.10. Management companies transfer the signed approval sheet for the Register of services provided for handling CGM to the Contractor for its forwarding to the State Customer.
9.11. In case of failure to comply with the requirements of these Regulations, the Contractor has the right not to execute the Application. Representatives of the Contractor and the Management Company must immediately draw up an appropriate act, which indicates the fact of the arrival of special transport and the reasons for non-fulfillment of the Application, as well as possible measures and deadlines for resolving this situation.
9.12. The Contractor is obliged to remove debris spilled during loading of the bunker and/or reloading of the KGM into special vehicles.
10. Information on the responsibility of waste management participants
10.1. ATI, when identifying violations when handling waste, guided by the register of waste collection sites, the register of contracts for waste removal presented in in the prescribed manner GKU IS and/or GBU "Zhilischnik", brings to administrative responsibility for violation of the Rules for the sanitary maintenance of territories, organizing cleaning and ensuring cleanliness and order in Moscow:
10.1.1. Garbage collection organizations and Contractors (co-contractors):
For failure to schedule waste removal from Management Companies receiving free services on waste management within the limits of waste accumulation standards, approved by resolution Moscow Government dated January 15, 2008 N 9-PP;
For failure to comply with the waste removal schedule during the execution of waste removal contracts;
For failure to remove garbage spilled during unloading from containers or loading a bunker;
For improper maintenance of containers/bunkers: technically faulty condition, not painted, the name of the Contractor is missing, the time of removal of solid waste, the containers are not equipped with a tight-fitting lid.
10.1.2. Management companies:
For waste piles, including due to the lack of a waste removal agreement;
For untimely cleaning of container and bunker sites from solid waste, heavy fuel, waste that must be removed from courtyard areas;
For the absence of a waste removal agreement;
For placement in bunkers installed for Users, construction waste and garbage that must be removed from courtyard areas.
10.1.3. GBU Zhilishchnik, GKU IS for piles of garbage that must be removed from courtyard areas, including due to the lack of contracts for waste removal.
10.2. The state customer holds the Contractors accountable for violating the terms of State contracts in the amount and manner provided for by the provisions of the State contracts.
Appendix 1
to the interaction of participants
waste management during
reversal experiment
with solid household waste
and bulky waste,
generated in apartment buildings,
CJSC, Northern Administrative District, South-Eastern Administrative District, North-Eastern Administrative District, Central Administrative District,
VAO, SZAO, ZelAO
Register of waste collection sites
No. | Type of waste collection site (container/bunker site/roll-out container) | Waste collection location address | Container/bunker site users | Dimensions of container/bunker area | Waste collection point balance holder | Number of containers/bins | Accessories of containers/bins | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Residents of the apartment complex, the management company, who are participating in the experiment | Residents of the apartment building, management company, who are not participating in the experiment | Tenants non-residential premises MKD | Tenants of detached buildings | |||||||||||
Name | Accumulation rate | Name | Accumulation rate | Name | Accumulation rate | Name | Accumulation rate | |||||||
1 | ||||||||||||||
2 | ||||||||||||||
... |
Appendix 2
to the interaction of participants
waste management during
reversal experiment
with solid household waste
and bulky waste,
generated in apartment buildings,
located on the territory of the South-Western Administrative District,
CJSC, Northern Administrative District, South-Eastern Administrative District, North-Eastern Administrative District, Central Administrative District,
VAO, SZAO, ZelAO
Register of contracts for waste removal
No. | Name of Management Company / Tenant / State Budgetary Institution Zhilischnik / State Budgetary Institution IS | Name of waste collection organization | Date and number of the Waste Removal Agreement | Waste collection location address | Number and identity of containers/bins installed at the waste collection site | Container/hopper volume | Exported in the reporting month | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MSW | KGM | Estimate | |||||||
Appendix 3
to the interaction of participants
waste management during
reversal experiment
with solid household waste
and bulky waste,
generated in apartment buildings,
located on the territory of the South-Western Administrative District,
CJSC, Northern Administrative District, South-Eastern Administrative District, North-Eastern Administrative District, Central Administrative District,
VAO, SZAO, ZelAO
Agency agreement
gratuitous
Moscow "__" _______________ 201_
Referred to as
hereinafter referred to as the “Principal”, represented by _____________________________________________,
acting on the basis of _______________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
(charter and management agreement for an apartment building and/or,
contracts for maintenance and current repairs of an apartment building)
on the one hand, and _____________________________________________________,
hereinafter referred to as the “Attorney”, represented by ____________________________,
acting on the basis of _____________________________________________,
on the other hand, collectively referred to as the “Parties”, and each individually
"Party", in compliance with the requirements of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation
Federations have entered into this agreement as follows:
1. Subject of the agreement
1.1. This agreement governs the relations of the Parties according to
provision of intermediary services free of charge, where the Principal
instructs, and the Attorney undertakes to carry out free of charge on behalf of
The principal has the following legal actions:
Collect solid waste and KGM into appropriate containers and bins
in places where waste accumulates, the location of which is determined
in accordance with Appendices No. 1 and No. 2 to the Agreement on participation in the experiment on
management of waste generated in apartment buildings,
located on the territory of __________________ JSC Moscow, concluded
Ensure unhindered access ______________________________
(name of the Contractor) to containers and bunkers for the provision of services;
Coordinate the provision of _____________________________ (name
Contractor) services, in the manner established by clauses 3.1 - clause 3.2 of the Agreement;
Compile and direct ____________________________ (name
Contractor) Applications for export of KGM;
Represent __________________________ (name of the Contractor)
completed and signed: Form of approval of services provided for the application
with solid waste and an approval sheet for services provided for handling CGM compiled
according to the forms established in accordance with Appendix No. 3 and No. 4 to
within 3 (three) working days of the month following the reporting month.
2. Execution of instructions
2.1. The attorney is obliged to carry out the assignment given to him in
in accordance with the instructions of the Principal. The Principal's instructions must be
legitimate, feasible and specific.
2.2. The Attorney has the right to deviate from the instructions of the Principal if, according to
circumstances of the case, this is necessary in the interests of the Principal and the Attorney
could not request the Principal in advance, or did not receive it within a reasonable time
deadline for responding to your request. The Attorney is obliged to notify the Principal about
deviations made as soon as notification became possible.
3. Duties of an attorney
3.1. Fulfill the order given to him. Delegation of execution
instructions to another person are not allowed.
3.2. To inform the Principal, upon his request, all information about the progress
execution of the order.
3.3. Transfer to the Principal without delay all received documents
(duly certified copies) signed upon execution
instructions.
3.4. Upon execution of an order or upon termination of this
return the contract to the Principal without delay before its execution
a power of attorney that has not expired.
4. Responsibilities of the principal
4.1. No later than 3 (three) days from the date of signing this Agreement
issue a power of attorney to the Attorney to perform legal actions,
provided for in this agreement.
4.2. Without delay, accept from the Attorney everything he has completed in
in accordance with this Agreement.
5. Termination of the contract
5.1. This agreement may be terminated at any time
based on a unilateral decision of either Party. Side,
refusing to fulfill the obligations imposed hereby
agreement, must notify the other Party in writing and __________
(name of the Contractor) on termination of this agreement no later than
than for 1 (one) calendar month before the expected termination date
obligations provided for in this agreement.
6. Duration of the contract
6.1. This Agreement comes into force on the date of its signing
Parties.
6.2. The terms of this Agreement apply to the relations of the Parties,
arose between them from 01.01.201__
6.3. This Agreement is valid until the expiration date
Agreements.
7. Amendments to the contract
7.1. Amendments to this Agreement are made in accordance with the procedure
and cases provided for by current legislation.
7.2. Amendments and additions to this agreement are possible by
agreement of the Parties. All changes and additions must be made in writing.
form by signing by the Parties additional agreements to this
Agreement.
8. Additional terms
8.1. This Agreement is signed in two copies, containing
the same legal force for each Party.
8.2. In everything that is not specified in this Agreement, the Parties
are guided by current legislation.
9. Details and signatures of the parties
9.1. Principal: 9.2. Attorney:
From the Principal: From the Attorney:
_____________________ _____________________
/___________________/ /___________________/
Appendix 4
to the interaction of participants
waste management during
reversal experiment
with solid household waste
and bulky waste,
generated in apartment buildings,
located on the territory of the South-Western Administrative District,
CJSC, Northern Administrative District, South-Eastern Administrative District, North-Eastern Administrative District, Central Administrative District,
VAO, SZAO, ZelAO
V _________________________________
name of the Contractor
___________________________________
Contractor's email address
___________________________________
Contractor's phone number
Date of application: __.__.20__
Application for export of KGM
Management company _______________________________________________
name of the management company
district ________________________________ _________________________________
name of the district name of the district
administrative district
Note 1: An application for the removal of KGM is submitted to the Contractor from 8.00 to 16.00.
Note 2: The removal of KGM is carried out from 7.00 to 23.00 on the date specified in the application, but not earlier than the date following the date of submission of the application.
from the Management Company:
______________________ _________________________ ____________________
position full name signature, MP
Appendix 5
to the interaction of participants
waste management during
reversal experiment
with solid household waste
and bulky waste,
generated in apartment buildings,
located on the territory of the South-Western Administrative District,
CJSC, Northern Administrative District, South-Eastern Administrative District, North-Eastern Administrative District, Central Administrative District,
VAO, SZAO, ZelAO
reconciliation of services provided for removal of bulky waste (BWG)
for the period from _________________ 2014 to ___________________ 2014
Customer (Management Company): ___________________________________
From the Contractor: From the Customer (Management Company):
___________/_______________/ ___________/_______________/
Document overview
In a number of administrative districts of Moscow, an experiment is being conducted on the management of solid waste and bulky waste generated in apartment buildings.
It has been established that the equipment, maintenance of waste collection sites, as well as the maintenance of a register of waste collection sites are provided by the State Public Institution IS or the State Budgetary Institution "Zhilischnik". Waste collection sites must comply with the requirements of sanitary rules and regulations. The boundaries for the collection of bulky waste must be indicated by markings applied to the asphalt concrete surface. Containers (bins) should be placed in waste collection areas sufficient quantity necessary for collecting waste in accordance with the current norm of their accumulation. The contractor who has entered into a state contract for the provision of services for the management of solid waste and bulky waste is obliged to equip waste collection sites in accordance with the register. Bins must contain markings indicating the details of the owner, containers - markings indicating the details of the owner and the time of waste removal.
It is prohibited to collect waste to be collected from yard areas into the contractor’s containers.
Waste removal contracts include prerequisites about the waste collection location, the number and identity of containers (bins), and the waste removal schedule.
The procedure for information interaction when handling waste, as well as the procedure for removing solid waste and bulky waste, is regulated.
Legislation now refers to the removal of solid waste as an area where it will be a public service, and not part of household services. Let's try to figure out what legal norms This service is regulated.
Changes in the law on the removal of MSW in 2018 - 2019
Major changes in the waste management procedure occurred back in 2017, when the concept of municipal solid waste (MSW) itself appeared and regions were ordered to identify regional operators for MSW management.
Pay attention! During 2018 and the beginning of 2019, new rules in the field of MSW management appeared again:
- From 01/01/2018, electronic auctions conducted by regional operators were introduced. Based on the results of the auctions, prices for the collection and transportation of MSW are determined (Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation dated October 20, 2017 No. 1280).
- From January 5, 2019, a transition period is provided for the refurbishment of waste disposal sites - old landfills that do not have special documentation can be operated without it until January 1, 2023.
- In Art. 29.1 of the Law “On Waste...” dated June 24, 1998 No. 89-FZ, clause 6 was added from January 1, 2019. It allows regional authorities, if it was not possible to hold a competition to select a regional operator, to appoint another regional operator operating in a given region as such. subject of the Russian Federation, or another organization with a license for waste removal.
- In 2019, regarding the determination of standards and limits, it was canceled different approach to small and big business. Now the applicability of a specific rule to an enterprise is determined by its assignment to one or another category, determined by the degree of negative impact on environment(see Article 4.2 of the Law of January 10, 2002 No. 7-FZ “On Environmental Protection”). Thus, a category I enterprise determines standards on the basis of a comprehensive environmental permit.
With whom is the contract for the collection and removal of MSW concluded?
Pay attention! According to paragraph 2 of Art. 9 of Law No. 89-FZ, you must have a license to handle waste. It can be received by both an organization and an individual entrepreneur.
In the Rules for provision utilities owners and users of premises in apartment buildings and residential buildings, approved. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated May 6, 2011 N 354, specifies that the agreement is concluded with consumers, which include:
- owner of premises in an apartment building, incl. non-residential;
- owner of a residential building/household;
- tenant/tenant of housing.
The agreement can also be concluded with organizations representing the interests of these consumers:
- management company;
- homeowners' association/cooperative;
- an organization, including a non-profit organization, representing the interests of owners of private houses.
Other owners of MSW may be individual entrepreneurs and companies engaged in entrepreneurial activities.
The owners of MSW, in turn, are responsible for concluding an agreement with a waste collection organization (see letter of the Ministry of Natural Resources “On the implementation of the provisions of Law No. 89-FZ” dated November 29, 2018 No. 12-50/09872-OG).
Important! Owners of waste - legal entities (and entrepreneurs) have the right to remove waste on their own only if they have a license for waste removal.
Pay attention! MSW management services are not provided for general house needs (clause 148 (29) of rules No. 354).
Who can become a regional operator
According to paragraph 4 of Art. 24.6 of Law No. 89-FZ, the status of a regional operator is assigned to an organization that wins a competition organized by the executive authority of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation according to the rules approved. by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated September 5, 2016 No. 881 (hereinafter referred to as the Rules). Only a legal entity can participate in the competition (clause 4 of Article 24.6 of Law No. 89-FZ). To do this, a legal entity must meet the following requirements:
- be registered in the Russian Federation;
- have a license for all types of waste-related activities;
- have no debts to the Federal Tax Service and are not under receivership or liquidation procedures;
- provide an irrevocable bank guarantee valid for 1 year from the date of signing the agreement with subsequent extension;
- hire as managers or members of a collegial executive body, chief accountant of people who do not have an unexpunged/unexpunged criminal record.
The competition participant sends a written application sealed in an envelope, which contains:
- fresh extract from the Unified State Register of Legal Entities;
- an order appointing the applicant to a position, giving him the right to act on behalf and in the interests of the organization - i.e. a document confirming eligibility;
- copies of constituent documents, certified by the signatures of management;
- a decision to approve a major transaction, if required by law or constituent documents, etc.
The procedure for opening envelopes, examining them, evaluating them, and comparing them is regulated in detail in the Rules.
The competition is won by the company that sent the application with the most favorable conditions for the execution of the agreement.
MSW removal agreement for private sector residents
Currently, regional operators in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation have been identified.
Pay attention! According to the letter of the Ministry of Construction dated December 30, 2016 No. 45067-ACh/04, several regional operators can be elected in one constituent entity of the Russian Federation, which can provide the full range of services themselves or attract help from other operators. In any case, these organizations must enter into agreements with consumers - residents of apartment buildings or private houses.
The agreement is concluded in writing or by performing implied actions (clause 148 (1) of rules No. 354).
The form of the contract for the provision of services for the management of MSW was approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 12, 2016 No. 1156 (hereinafter referred to as Rules No. 1156).
It must indicate:
- time and place of his imprisonment;
- name of the regional operator, full name his official representative indicating the position;
- Full name consumer, his passport data;
- subject of the contract: services provided regional operator, consumer’s obligation to pay for them, volume, method and frequency of MSW removal, method of storing MSW (garbage chutes, containers, etc.),
- start date of services;
- term and procedure for payment under the contract;
- rights, obligations, responsibilities of the parties, etc.
The agreement is concluded in 2 copies.
Procedure for handling MSW
Rules No. 1156 name services for the management of MSW and provide the essential terms of contracts for their provision. These are the services:
- waste collection and transportation;
- processing, recycling, neutralization and disposal of MSW.
Features of the provision of these services in accordance with rules No. 1156 are reflected in our table.
Waste collection and transportation services |
Services for processing, recycling, neutralization and disposal of MSW |
The contract determines the place of waste collection and storage in accordance with the approved scheme. executive authority |
priority is given to technologies for automated sorting of MSW |
the regional operator removes, among other things, bulky waste in accordance with the law and at the request of consumers |
When processing MSW, waste of hazard classes I and II is removed; it is not allowed to enter MSW disposal sites |
The regional operator is responsible for the management of MSW from the moment the waste is loaded into the garbage truck |
operators neutralizing and disposing of MSW in the area of operation of the regional operator enter into an agreement with the latter, etc. |
constituent entities of the Russian Federation may impose on consumers the obligation to separate MSW by type and store them separately |
Pay attention! According to clause 39 of rules No. 1156, an agreement for the disposal of MSW can be concluded not only with a regional operator, but also with individual entrepreneurs and organizations that have such a license.
So, the legislation on the removal of solid waste in 2018 - 2019 contains a number of innovations; regulations are being adopted at all levels to develop and consolidate it. Implementation new system collection, transportation, and disposal of MSW is currently taking place and will continue until the end of 2019.
All major litter laws This article is collected for ease of understanding the current situation in the Russian Federation. These documents are official and taken from the legal directory "Garant". You need to understand that they are all relevant to certain moment(February 2012), but in most cases nothing fundamentally new appears in this area.
Regulatory regulation of the provision of waste and solid waste removal services in Russian Federation carried out with the help of federal laws, government regulations, sanitary regulations and other regulatory documents.
Any organization engaged in production or other activities must assess the impact of its activities (positive or negative, active or passive) on the state of the environment around us. Moreover, any negative impact entails a fee. Requirements for permissible emissions and production waste, rules for impact assessment various activities on the environment, as well as requirements relating to environmental protection during certain activities (construction, operational, etc.) are set out in the Federal Law of January 10, 2002. N7-FZ "On Environmental Protection". The amount of payment (standards) for the emission of various harmful and hazardous substances V atmospheric air, reservoirs, disposal of production and consumption waste have been established.
Enterprises and organizations that produce harmful emissions into the environment as a result of their activities are subject to state registration, and their activities are subject to state control. The responsibilities of such legal and individuals on compliance with the rules for the protection of atmospheric air are covered by the Federal Law of May 4, 1999 N 96-FZ “On the Protection of Atmospheric Air”.
The concept of production and consumption waste is given in the Federal Law of June 24, 1998 N 89-FZ "On production and consumption waste" . In addition, this law establishes the need to license the activities of business entities when handling hazardous waste, and also introduced general requirements to the construction, design, liquidation, conservation of buildings and structures; requirements for the use of waste in cities, towns and other populated areas. The same regulatory act establishes a ban on the import of waste for neutralization and disposal on the territory of Russia.
The classification of waste by degree of hazard (5 classes) can be found in Art. 4.1. Federal Law No. 89-FZ.
Only activities are subject to licensing legal entities and entrepreneurs for waste management with hazard classes 1 to 4. This is a requirement of Art. 12 of the Federal Law of May 4, 2011 N 99-FZ "On licensing of certain types of activities" Features of obtaining a license to carry out specialized activities for the collection, use, neutralization, transportation and disposal of waste of hazard classes 1-4 presented by the organizations or individual enterprises for a period of 5 years, is provided for by the Regulations on licensing activities for the collection, use, neutralization, transportation, disposal of waste of I - IV hazard classes (approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of August 26, 2006 N 524).
When applying for waste removal services, the consumer should know that the contractor is obliged to provide him with a document used to place the order. Such a document must necessarily contain information about the name of the contractor, his location, as well as the full name of the customer, the type of service provided, the place of provision of solid waste removal services, the timing and procedure for their execution and other information. There are no regulated tariffs for solid waste removal services. Their cost is determined by the contractor independently, or by agreement with the consumer, and the conditions for the provision of services must be the same for all individuals and legal entities. Such features are enshrined in the Rules for the provision of services for the removal of solid and liquid household waste (approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of February 10, 1997 N 155) .
Producers of radioactive waste should be guided by special standards in their activities. The rules for the accumulation, storage and disposal of such types of waste are contained in the Federal Law of July 11, 2011 N 190-FZ “On the management of radioactive waste and on amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation”.
In connection with the decommissioning of the need to dispose of electric lamps and lighting devices with a mercury content of at least one hundredth of a percent, consumers should be aware that it is prohibited to store, neutralize and transport such used lamps themselves. If necessary, please contact specialized organizations. More detailed information on the rules for handling such waste can be found in · Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation of September 3, 2010 N 681 “On approval of the Rules for the management of production and consumption waste in terms of lighting devices, electric lamps, improper collection, accumulation, use, neutralization, transportation and disposal of which may cause harm to the life and health of citizens harm to animals, plants and the environment" .
Special municipal solid waste landfills are used to isolate and neutralize solid waste. The use of such territories is mandatory, paid and official. Strict requirements are imposed both on the maintenance of the landfill itself and on the quality of the garbage and various household waste imported to it. On May 30, 2001, the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation approved Sanitary Rules SP 2.1.7.1038-01 “Hygienic requirements for the design and maintenance of landfills for solid household waste.” N 16 .
Special view waste - medical. They have their own classification (from epidemiologically safe waste to radioactive). Different classes of waste cannot be mixed. Only persons who have reached 18 years of age and have completed training are allowed to work with such waste. special training. More detailed requirements for handling rules medical waste are set out in the Sanitary and Epidemiological Rules and Standards SanPiN 2.1.7.2790-10 “Sanitary and Epidemiological Requirements for the Management of Medical Waste” (approved by Resolution of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation dated December 9, 2010 N 163) .
Moscow and Moscow region - huge territories, striking in their pollution. In Moscow alone, about 18 million tons of waste are generated annually, 80% of which are located in the Moscow region. In 2005, the Concept of the project of the regional target program “Management of industrial and consumer waste in the Moscow region for 2006-2015” was adopted, approved by the Decision of the Moscow Regional Duma of March 2, 2005 N 6/131. It lists the main measures for the management of solid waste and methods solving problems related to unauthorized waste removal in the Moscow region. In addition, the Concept provides a detailed list of regulatory documents regulating waste management throughout the Russian Federation.
Law of the city of Moscow “On production and consumption waste in the city of Moscow” dated November 30, 2005. No. 68 regulates the specifics of waste use in the capital. It established general requirements for various waste producers, as well as requirements that must be observed during collection, storage, processing, transportation and other actions with waste produced in Moscow and the Moscow region.
The basic rules for handling a special type of waste - construction waste - are regulated by a separate act - Moscow Government Decree dated 06/25/02 469-PP “On the procedure for handling construction and demolition waste in Moscow” . It covers in detail the issues of storage, transportation, and processing of waste resulting from the construction, demolition or conservation of various buildings and structures in Moscow.
In general, the main regulation of this area of activity is carried out at the federal level, since the list of powers of all subjects of the Russian Federation is closed. However, it is possible to adopt various regional programs aimed at maintaining a favorable environment and minimizing harmful effects various types waste in a particular subject.
The main regulatory documents in force in the Russian Federation in the field of waste management:
- Federal Law of January 10, 2002 N7-FZ "On Environmental Protection" (with amendments and additions).
- Federal Law of May 4, 1999 N 96-FZ “On the Protection of Atmospheric Air” (as amended and supplemented).
- Federal Law of June 24, 1998 N 89-FZ “On Production and Consumption Waste” (as amended and supplemented).
- Federal Law of May 4, 2011 N 99-FZ
"About licensing individual species activities" - Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of August 26, 2006 N 524
"On approval of the Regulations on licensing activities for the collection, use, neutralization, transportation, disposal of waste of I - IV hazard class" - Federal Law of July 11, 2011 N 190-FZ "On the treatment of radioactive waste and on amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation"
- Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of February 10, 1997 N 155 “On approval of the Rules for the provision of services for the removal of solid and liquid household waste” (with amendments and additions)
- Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of June 12, 2003 N 344
"On payment standards for emissions of pollutants into the atmospheric air by stationary and mobile sources, discharges of pollutants into surface and underground water bodies, disposal of production and consumption waste" - Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of September 3, 2010 N 681 “On approval of the Rules for the management of production and consumption waste in terms of lighting devices, electric lamps, improper collection, accumulation, use, neutralization, transportation and disposal of which may cause harm to the life and health of citizens harm to animals, plants and the environment"
- Regional project concept target program“Management of industrial and consumption waste in the Moscow region for 2006-2015”, approved by the Decision of the Moscow Regional Duma of 03/02/2005 N 6/131.
- Law of the city of Moscow “On production and consumption waste in the city of Moscow” dated November 30, 2005. No. 68
- Decree of the Moscow Government dated June 25, 2002 469-PP “ON THE PROCEDURE FOR MANAGEMENT OF CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTES in MOSCOW”
- Sanitary rules SP 2.1.7.1038-01 "Hygienic requirements for the design and maintenance of landfills for solid household waste" (approved by resolution of the Main State sanitary doctor RF dated May 30, 2001 N 16)
- Sanitary and epidemiological rules and regulations
SanPiN 2.1.7.2790-10 "Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the management of medical waste"
(approved by Resolution of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation dated December 9, 2010 N 163)
What is municipal solid waste (MSW)?
Municipal solid waste (MSW) includes waste generated in residential and public buildings, shopping, entertainment, sports and other enterprises (including waste from the current renovation of apartments), waste from heating devices for local heating, waste, fallen leaves collected from courtyard areas, and bulky waste (mixed solid waste). This definition corresponds to the foreign term “municipal solid waste” (Municipal Solid Waste).
Solid waste is classified according to sources of formation, morphological composition, degree of danger, areas of processing, etc. The legal basis for the classification of solid waste is the Federal Waste Classification Catalog (FWCC), which classifies waste by origin, state of aggregation and dangers. FKKO uses the term "Solid municipal waste" section code 91000000 00 00 0 .
So, municipal solid waste (MSW) includes quite a lot of types of garbage. This is not only unnecessary newspapers and papers, spoiled food and used hygiene items, scraps of cardboard and broken dishes. All this simply ends up in the trash bin near your home more often than other types. IN modern classification The group of solid waste that can be thrown into a container includes: wood, waste (dust collected during the cleaning process, small debris, cigarettes, etc.), plant waste, food (not liquid) waste, textiles and leather, rubber (this does not apply to tires) and packaging material (cardboard, glass, paper, plastics), as well as polymer waste.
Bulk waste, construction waste, liquid and various oils, organic remains (dogs, for example, or a pet hamster), toxic and life-threatening, as well as flammable substances, various medical and pharmaceutical waste throw into a container absolutely not possible. Waste removal in these cases must be carried out in individually, and not fall into the common tank.
Be especially careful with waste that poses a hazard. And if you decide that the thrown away, for example, energy saving lamp or the thermometer does not threaten you with anything - you are deeply mistaken. Both contain liquid metal - mercury, which even in small doses is extremely dangerous for human body. So think twice before you decide to throw away another burnt-out light bulb that saved you electricity but can now become a source of health problems.
We often don't think about what we throw away. But the garbage that we threw into the container is not removed every day, which means there is a possible risk of infection (if there are unacceptable organic waste) or poisoning (by toxic substances or vapors of heavy metals), not to mention the possibility of fire or even an explosion (from the presence of fuels and lubricants, for example).
The rules developed for the emission, as well as the removal and subsequent disposal of garbage, were not created in order to limit you and me and complicate our lives. We ourselves need this in order to maintain health and not worsen the already unimportant environmental situation. So, if the garbage you are about to throw out cannot actually be thrown into a general container, then do a good deed - contact the appropriate organization involved in garbage removal or its direct disposal.
Municipal solid waste or MSW is all waste materials consumed in containers of apartment and private buildings.
Throughout Russia, more than 60 million tons of waste are generated annually.
There are even certain standards accumulation of solid household waste per person. Reliable information about the volume in which solid household waste accumulates, dividing it according to elemental composition– this is an opportunity to competently plan and organize the collection, transportation and disposal of waste.
Classification of municipal solid waste
What is household waste classification? All solid household waste is systematized according to composition, origin and level of harmful effects. The properties of household waste may vary depending on climatic features region, population welfare, season.
Classification of solid waste:
- Food leftovers
- Paper
- Textile
- Polymers
- Rubber
- Glass
- Ferrous and non-ferrous metals
According to the characteristics of their formation, waste materials are divided into two groups, each with its own properties:
- Organic origin
- Created artificially
The first option does not pose a threat to the environment. Most inorganic waste has a long decomposition time. natural conditions, during which harmful substances are released.
In a number of countries existing classification solid waste, it helps to group them according to their handling characteristics. For example, in Japan, a principle has been developed for separating waste into hazardous household waste that is subject to disposal (incineration, burial), and those that are subject to recycling. Solid waste of category 5 cannot be disposed of.
In Russia, the annual amount of mining in hazard classes 1-5 is significant - approximately 65 million tons. Of this number, only 4% is processed, the rest of the raw materials are disposed of. This garbage related to different classes, are sent to landfills, where more than 80 billion tons have already been buried. Removing this amount of waste is impossible without the right approach. Disposal via landfills is not an option.
Household waste hazard class
Based on the level of harmful impact on the environment and the properties they have, all waste is classified as municipal solid waste and is divided into 5 categories.
All these categories are found in solid waste:
- Hazard class I – materials that pose a real and serious threat to the environment and people. This includes the following types: mercury-containing materials (thermometers, batteries, fluorescent lamps).
- Category II – also destroys the environment and is dangerous to humans, but in this case nature can recover if such garbage is removed in a timely manner. These include batteries with electrolytes and engine oils.
- III category of danger is capable of causing less harm to humans and nature. But if damage is caused to nature, the period of restoration of the previous state will take at least 10 years. These are types of cement mortar, paint, acetone, metal objects.
- Hazard class IV solid waste is a slightly harmful waste material, practically not dangerous to humans. They contain valuable raw materials that can be used as secondary raw materials. These are wood, waste paper, car tires, plastic.
- Waste hazard class V – substances whose properties are absolutely harmless to humans. Shards of ceramic tiles and dishes, brick fragments, food debris, wood shavings.
Solid waste, the hazard class of which belongs to the most harmful substances, although infrequently, is still found in the household waste of the population. Sending such waste to landfills can be regarded as nothing other than an irresponsible attitude towards the environment and the health of the future generation. Therefore, waste separation plays a huge role.
Measures to reduce waste materials
The amount of solid waste is gradually increasing. A comprehensive waste reduction strategy can be achieved in two ways: waste removal and recycling. In the first case, solid waste is subject to disposal at landfills or incineration. On the scale of our country, the creation of new testing grounds is not technically difficult, but the problem cannot be solved using such methods. Burning is also not best option, since its process produces harmful emissions into the atmosphere.
Processing of raw materials involves it reuse. The main aspect for the development of the solid waste recycling program is the separate collection of waste. The program is already running in major cities. Classification and handling solid waste provides for the distribution of solid waste into recyclable raw materials and garbage to be disposed of.
In our country, the conditions for solving the garbage problem are just beginning to develop. The number of processing enterprises is increasing, incineration plants are being re-equipped modern equipment, and multi-colored tanks appear in the courtyards for separate collection household waste, which can reduce waste collection fees.
Collection and handling standards for solid waste
Comprehensive strategy and standards by which collection should be carried out solid waste SanPiN are established:
- The temporary storage procedure should prevent the possibility of waste rotting and decomposition. In this regard, in winter time(temperature below - 5 °C) waste materials should be stored for no more than three days, and for summer - no more than a day. IN populated areas The period for which the collection is carried out is agreed with the local administration.
- The regulations require collection in standardized metal containers.
- Containers are installed at least 20 meters from residential complexes, but no more than 100 meters.
- IN summer time containers must be washed at least once every ten days.
- Sampling of waste from collection sites for use as secondary raw materials is strictly prohibited.
- Updated building regulations state that new residential buildings, starting from five floors, must have waste chutes installed into which waste collection takes place.
- The garbage chute and waste collection point where collection is carried out must comply with all departmental requirements building regulations(VSN) class 8 - 72
- Collection and subsequent removal of oversized solid waste is carried out once a week. The institution in charge of the residential complex is responsible for this.
The presented comprehensive strategy according to which collection is carried out is mandatory. In case of non-compliance with SanPiN rules, penalties are imposed.
OKVED
General classifier of species economic activity(OKVED) - a document that reflects all types of economic activity and their description.
The OKVED structure is:
- Letter codes A - U OKVED. You could say that this is the title of the section. In OKVED 2 (from 2014), the letter encoding does not carry any semantic load and its use as a basis for notation is prohibited.
- Six-digit numeric code designation. These are the values assigned to each activity in OKVED.
According to OKVED tax non-hazardous waste included in section E: water supply, organization of waste collection and disposal, processing of waste materials. Code designation OKVED 38.11.
This group according to OKVED includes the collection of:
- Relatively safe municipal solid waste within the designated area
- Textile waste
- Recyclable material
Each organization whose activities are related to waste must register with government agencies in accordance with OKVED. Waste disposal and treatment are in 90.00.2. Not every activity received its own individual code. OKVED has section S, which describes other services.
Garbage accumulation standards for the population
The accumulation rate is the amount of waste generated per person per unit of time, usually a day or a year. The rate of accumulation is measured in kilograms or volume.
The following aspects influence accumulation standards:
- Construction of a house or other housing complex. This includes the presence of a garbage chute and sewerage system.
- Number of floors, heating type
- Climate conditions. The most significant factor in this case is the difference in heating duration.
It's hard enough to say specific numbers accumulation of waste materials for the population throughout the country, since it is different in each region. But it is still possible to establish approximate standards:
- Well-maintained residential complexes. The standard for waste accumulation is 200 - 300 kilograms per person per year.
- Private and government agencies. The accumulation rate for organizations is 50% of the standard for residential buildings. Approximately 160 kilograms per person.
- General accumulation rate. Taking into account the standards described above, the average accumulation value for cities with a population above 100,000 is 260 - 330 kilograms per person.
Waste management logbook
The Federal Law “On Production and Consumption Waste” obliges persons operating in the field of waste management to maintain a kind of reporting journals on solid household waste. Underway this magazine responsible person of the enterprise.
General tips for keeping records:
- For structural divisions the journal for application No. 1 is used
- An enterprise operating in the field of waste generation is obliged to annually submit a log in the form of Appendix No. 3 and No. 4. And for institutions - carriers - No. 2.
- The log is filled in upon completion of each waste operation. That is, after education, transportation, reception.
The magazine is a mandatory attribute of every company in the field of solid waste waste management. If the rules for filling it out are violated, the institution may be fined or closed. Front page The journal is filled out in free form. The accounting data in the journal is summarized based on the results of the next quarter.
Payment for removal of solid waste
A new law regulating fees for transporting waste from residential complexes came into force on December 1, 2015. Waste collection fees are now included in the utilities section.
Accordingly, according to the new rules, transportation fees are calculated according to the population of the house. The total amount is calculated as the number of population (number of residents) multiplied by the housing and communal services tariff. Back in 2014, the fee was calculated based on the area of living space. According to housing and communal services, innovations have led to a reduction in the cost of services, but this is far from the case. A few important notes:
- The fee for removal of the category of waste is described in the receipt under the section on maintenance and servicing of the premises. Depending on the number of removals, the fee may vary.
- The rules for transporting waste for private organizations have not changed. The fee and other treatment features in this case are established by the contract.