Nelma fish taste qualities. Nelma fish photo description
Nelma is a subspecies of fish of the genus Whitefish, family whitefish, which belongs to the order Salmonidae. Nelma is considered a semi-anadromous or freshwater fish. Its habitat extends to the Arctic Ocean basin, to the Mackenzie River from the Ponoi River. The fertility of nelma ranges from 125 to 420 eggs; this fish spawns in the fall (September-October) in fast places, where the bottom is sandy and pebble and the water temperature is from 3 to 8 ° C. Throughout the winter, eggs develop between the stones at the bottom. Already in the first year of life, nelma becomes a predator and feeds on vendace, smelt, juvenile perch carp fish and whitefish. Nelma is valuable commercial fish, as well as an object of artificial breeding.
Nelma (migratory salmon) differs from salmon in its color, which does not have the characteristic dark spots. The body of the nelma itself is elongated and slightly flattened laterally. The color of the back is dark brown, the sides are light silver, the belly is white and big mouth with a significant number of small teeth. Nelma is a fairly large fish, different conditions her habitat normal weight ranges on average from 5 to 16 kilograms, but there are individuals of thirty and forty kilograms.
Spread of nelma
The bulk of nelma enters rivers from desalinated sea areas towards the end of June; the lower the water temperature, the higher the intensity of nelma migration. Having already entered the river, the fish stays close to the bottom and moves along the riverbed itself. When moving further along the river, nelma often rises to the surface of the water. Nelma avoids riffles and shallow waters and rests only in the deepest holes in the river bed. On the way to the spawning grounds, ascending the river, nelma destroys great amount different small fish. They catch nelma immediately after the opening of the rivers right up to spawning. After spawning, nelma goes to sea, although some individuals remain in the rivers for some time (from one to three years) and enter flood lakes in search of food.
Habitats of nelma
Most of the nelma are found in large cold rivers - the Irtysh, Lena, Ob and Yenisei. Basically, nelma lives in desalinated areas of the lower reaches of rivers that flow into the Arctic Ocean. This fish can also be found in some lakes (for example, in Zaisan or Kubenskoye), where its local forms are found. Nelma is intensively caught by amateur fishermen. Its numbers are declining everywhere not only due to massive fishing, but also due to deteriorating natural conditions reproduction. Of course, work is underway on artificial reproduction with the subsequent release of juveniles into natural environment habitats, but most of them are at the experimental stage and are carried out in small quantities.
Probably the situation will change for the better in the near future, since the meat of this fish is characterized by high taste qualities, which make nelma promising object commercial fish farming.
Composition, calorie content and beneficial properties of nelma
The calorie content of nelma is 88 kcal per 100 g of meat. Nelma meat contains proteins, fats, water, and is also very important for human body vitamin PP, macroelement chlorine and microelements: chromium, zinc, molybdenum, fluorine and nickel.
At therapeutic nutrition mainly used skinny or moderate fatty fish, but in some diets protein-rich fatty fish, such as nelma, are allowed. Fish fats are good because they are easily digestible and contain mainly unsaturated fatty acids, including those essential for the human body. However, thanks to fats, which oxidize very quickly in the open air, when elevated temperature and the presence of light, fish is considered a perishable product and under the above conditions goes rancid.
Nelma in cooking
Dishes made from nelma are highly valued not only for their beneficial and nutritional properties, but also for their delicious taste. Protein-rich nelma meat contains a balanced composition of fats and amino acids. Being an easily digestible product, nelma can be eaten without fear of damage to the digestive system, even in large quantities. A variety of dishes, including gourmet ones, can be prepared from its meat.
Gourmets highly value the unsurpassed taste of nelma. If you are preparing this noble fish for the first time, then do not rush to use it in complex recipes; simply fry the nelma to get a wonderful dish. To do this, you need to gut the fish, removing large bones, salt, then cut into large pieces without removing the fins. Each piece of nelma should be breaded in flour, to which spices and seasonings are first added to taste. Nelma fries quickly, no more than 3-4 minutes on each side. You need to carefully place the nelma in the pan and turn it over to maintain the shape of the piece. Finished pieces fried fish laid out on a large dish and decorated with lemon slices and herbs. Nelma prepared in this way will not only be tasty, but also a very impressive dish on your table.
In stores you can buy canned nelma in oil or in own juice. In this form, it is very good in fish salads.
Even professional chefs revere nelma and use it in preparing complex fish dishes that require skill and time, such as fish pies, unusual salads from lightly salted nelma and others.
Stroganina from nelma
Try to cook the national dish of the northern peoples - stroganina from nelma, the calorie content of which is 172.6 kcal per 100 g of product.
All you need is nelma, salt and ground black pepper. From fresh, quickly frozen fish, you need to remove the scales and skin, then very sharp knife Remove the plates from a whole carcass into thin shavings, as if slicing a fish. The length of the fish strips should not exceed 3 cm. Fresh planed fish should be served with salt and pepper or tomato sauce.
Nelma is the most valuable commercial fish, but many years of unsustainable fishing, combined with the massive catch of juvenile nelma, has led to the fact that its reserves have been significantly reduced. Therefore, today special fishing for nelma is not permitted. The only thing that is not prohibited is its catching as by-catch for other fish species.
Romanchukevich Tatyana
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Nelma (Yakut. Tuuchchakh) is a fish of the whitefish genus, a subspecies of white fish.
Most numerous in large rivers- Ob, Irtysh, Yenisei and Lena.
Description
Nelma is the most major representative whitefish, reaches a length of up to 1.5 m and weighs up to 50 kg. The average weight of nelma ranges from 5 to 10 kg.
Like whitefish, nelma has rather large, silvery scales and small caviar; the belly is white. The body is elongated, spindle-shaped. Body sides and belly white with a silver tint. There is an adipose fin. The mouth of the nelma is large, of course, the upper one. The lower jaw protrudes noticeably forward and curves sharply upward in front, in the form of a “tooth” it fits into the recess of the upper jaw. Its articulation with the skull lies behind the posterior edge of the eye. There are small teeth on the jaws, vomer and tongue. Unlike other salmon, the color of nelma is devoid of dark spots. The mating plumage is poorly expressed; only males, very rarely females, develop comb-like and tuberculate outgrowths on the scales and head.
There are two subspecies: whitefish from the Caspian Sea basin and nelma from the rivers of the Arctic Ocean. The origin of the species is Arctic. The whitefish entered the Caspian Sea from the Arctic Ocean basin during the Late Ice Age. Nelma reaches a length of 150 cm and a weight of 28 (occasionally up to 40) kg, whitefish - 130 cm and 14 kg. Maximum age- up to 22 years old. The growth rate is very high compared to other whitefishes, but there is significant variability in growth rate and sexual maturation throughout its wide range, as well as large differences in the size and age structure of the population. Especially fast growth noted in the whitefish.
Spreading
Nelma is semi-anadromous and freshwater fish. Distributed in rivers of the Arctic Ocean basin. It is most numerous in large rivers - the Ob, Irtysh, Yenisei and Lena. Mainly lives in the mouths and deltas of large Siberian rivers beyond the Arctic Circle. To spawning grounds located in the middle and upper reaches rivers, nelma begins to rise immediately after ice drift; the most intense movement is in June-July.
After about two months in August and September, it reaches the south of Siberia and enters numerous rivers and streams. But nelma does not choose all rivers for spawning and does not enter all rivers. Having entered the river, nelma stays closer to the bottom and walks along the riverbed itself. At further promotion it often rises to the upper layers of water. Small places and nelma avoids riffles.
Rising along the river to the spawning grounds, nelma continues to feed, destroying a large number of small fish along the way. When nelma feeds in the morning and evening dawns, it is found in the middle and upper layers of water. Its feeding is similar to that of an asp; nelma hunts for small fish very energetically - it bursts into a school of small fish and crushes it with its tail, and then collects the confused fish.
Only salmon can truly frighten a fisherman with its splash on the river; no other fish in Siberia (perhaps with the exception of taimen) makes such loud and amplitude splashes. Moreover, these splashes sometimes occur 5-10 meters from the shore near bushes or snags, where the fry are kept, or in wide, quiet bays next to a strong current.
Reproduction
Sexual maturation of nelma occurs in the 4-5th year in males with a length of 80-90 cm and in the 5-6th year in females with a length of 90-95 cm. The basis of the spawning stock in the Volga consists of females aged 6-8 years, males at the age of 5-6 years, total life expectancy is 8-10 years.
White salmon spawn in the second half of September and October at water temperatures from 3 to 8°, mainly in fast places with sandy and pebble soil. Fertility 125-420 thousand eggs. The eggs develop between the stones throughout the winter.
It begins to feed on fry from the first year of life. In the stomachs of 30-day-old fry, scientists found not only various larvae, but also small juveniles of other fish. Adults in the sea feed on smelt, vendace, and juveniles of other whitefish. After spawning, nelma rolls into the sea. Some fish stay in the river for 1 - 3 years, sometimes entering flood lakes in search of food.
Rybolov
When catching nelma, it is necessary to take into account that it is shy and cautious. Her defensive actions are very energetic and strong. Nelma is a rheophile, that is, it always stands in the water with its head against the current. To live, she only needs clean and running water. When pulled out of the water, nelma is fragrant with the smell of fresh cucumbers. White salmon dies without water in just a few minutes and bleeds heavily through the gills.
Nelma are caught on spinners and large narrow-bodied spoons, usually silver in color, matching the color of the fry of smelt or vendace, which the nelma are accustomed to feeding on. Basically, nelma is caught, like ide, in the upper and middle water horizons at a depth of up to 2 meters from the surface, or even at the surface. This is a typical feeding level for nelma.
Evening fishing is often worse than morning fishing. Catching nelma at night is unlikely. Sometimes it is caught during the day, but in quiet and cloudy days. Nelma resists very energetically. But, having made several sharp throws, he is completely exhausted, lies down on his side and allows himself to be calmly picked up by the landing net.
Security
All fish salmon breeds commercial value are under special protection of the state, therefore fishing for nelma is prohibited in all southern and central regions Siberia. The exception is the northern outskirts of Siberia, where nelma is harvested industrially fishing cooperatives and then sell them throughout the country. But very often, amateur fishermen catch nelma as bycatch while catching other fish. It is quite difficult to catch salmon in the south of Siberia with sports gear - its concentration is not as high as, say, in its permanent habitat, for example, in the Ob delta. In those places, fishing for nelma is allowed and you can successfully catch it there with a spinning rod.
Unfortunately, in Lately in the Siberian and Northern Ural rivers there is much less of it than before, and the reason for this is not only poachers, although they also make a significant contribution: salmon are caught en masse and uncontrollably, and it is becoming more and more difficult for them to reproduce - there are no places left where they can safely spawn not so much. Many hydroelectric power stations have been built on the rivers of Siberia, and people need more and more electricity - more than half of the areas for fish spawning have already been cut off, and in the remaining places the water has become dirty; nelma spawns - like all salmon - only in clean and clear water. Of course, they are trying to breed it artificially, but so far this has not worked out very well: nelma fry do not survive well in captivity.
But this fish is valuable commercial species, and is strictly protected: catching it industrially is strictly prohibited in Russia - precisely because it has become worse at reproducing, and only in one region - in the northern part of Siberia - are artels of fishermen operating legally. Catching nelma in other territories is possible only through bycatch, when it ends up in nets along with other fish.
Probably the situation will change for the better in the near future, since the meat of this fish is characterized by high taste qualities, which make salmon a promising object for commercial fish farming.
Nelma in cooking
Dishes made from nelma are highly valued not only for their beneficial and nutritional properties, but also for their delicious taste. Protein-rich nelma meat contains a balanced composition of fats and amino acids. Being an easily digestible product, nelma can be eaten without fear of damage to the digestive system, even in large quantities. A variety of dishes, including gourmet ones, can be prepared from its meat.
Gourmets highly value the unsurpassed taste of nelma. If you are preparing this noble fish for the first time, then do not rush to use it in complex recipes; simply fry the nelma to get a wonderful dish. To do this, you need to gut the fish, removing large bones, salt it, and then cut it into large pieces without removing the fins. Each piece of nelma should be breaded in flour, to which spices and seasonings are first added to taste. Nelma fries quickly, no more than 3-4 minutes on each side. You need to carefully place the nelma in the pan and turn it over to maintain the shape of the piece. The finished pieces of fried fish are laid out on a large dish and decorated with lemon slices and herbs. Nelma prepared in this way will not only be tasty, but also a very impressive dish on your table.
In stores you can buy canned nelma in oil or in its own juice. In this form, it is very good in fish salads.
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Find out by appearance It’s not easy at all. The mouth of the nelma is large with numerous small teeth. The body of the fish is elongated, somewhat laterally compressed, with large silvery scales. Adult nelma have a special color - the body is silver, the back is purple with a greenish tint, and the belly is white. In young individuals, the back is blue or almost blue, for which local residents They gave the fish the nickname "blue". Nelma is a predatory fish whose main food is young whitefish, muksun, grayling, burbot and ruffe.
The migration of nelma is associated with spawning; it begins in the first half of July and continues until autumn. The nelma fish leaves its feeding grounds and goes to spawning grounds, which are located in the middle Yenisei. In the fall, after the end of spawning, the fish descends to the lower reaches of the Yenisei.
The meat has an extraordinary delicate taste; Siberians prefer to cook nelma in the form of the most variety of dishes, the most favorite of which is stroganina.
Today, nelma is a valuable commercial fish, so its catch is allowed only as bycatch to other fish species. Industrial fishing is prohibited.
Habitats of nelma
The nelma fish is one of the many relatives of the Siberian celebrity – the omul. However, not as close as, for example, whitefish or whitefish. Rather, this fish is a cross between omul and salmon (did you know that omul and salmon are also related?). Most close relative nelma - whitefish. Some scientists even propose combining these two fish into one species. But they are still different and differ primarily in their habitats.
The whitefish loves warm and calm waters. She lives in middle lane and in the south of the European part of Russia and the Urals. But nelma behaves completely differently. She, on the contrary, prefers cold and harsh waters, so they are not so similar to the whitefish.
The main habitat of nelma fish is Siberia. If you already know something about omul and its relatives, then this fact will hardly surprise you. Siberia is real paradise for whitefish, and nelma fish is no exception. However, unlike many of its relatives, it is not limited to the territory of Siberia and the Far East alone. If omul, broad whitefish, muksun and other whitefish are found only in rivers connected to Baikal and the Arctic Ocean, then the distribution area of nelma is much wider.
This fish also finds refuge in rivers associated with Pacific Ocean and this immediately makes him stand out among his close and not so close relatives. In addition, it is found on another continent. So our country cannot boast that there is no such fish as nelma anywhere else. It is also found in rivers in Canada and the USA (Alaska). In these zones, the climate is very similar to the climate of Siberia, just as cold and harsh, and this is exactly what the nelma needs.
If we talk about the habitats of nelma fish more specifically, then it is found in almost all rivers located beyond the Arctic Circle. In the west, the habitat of this fish is limited to the Ponoy and Onega rivers, in the east (already on the North American continent) – to the Yukon and Mackenzie rivers. Of course, it cannot be said that fish are distributed evenly across these reservoirs, on the contrary. Somewhere there is quite a lot of it (for example, in the river Northern Dvina and some lakes associated with it: Zaisan, Norilskoye, Kubenskoye), and somewhere it is found literally in single copies.
This uneven distribution is associated with many factors. The climate also plays a role here, which is not always the same same latitudes, and types of rivers (fast or slow), and, of course, ecology.
Ecology in general has significant influence to the habitat of nelma. For example, half a century ago it was found in abundance in the Ob River and its tributaries, for example, in the Biya, Charysh, Peschanaya, Anuya and others. And then the Ob was blocked with a dam, and the number of nelma decreased tenfold. If earlier this fish was caught there almost in industrial scale, then now we have to keep the catch under strict control, since its quantity has decreased almost to a critical level.
The same can be said about other rivers of Siberia and Far East. Somewhere the reason for the reduction in the number of nelma fish was ecological problems, somewhere hydroelectric power plants are to blame, somewhere it’s simply for a long time caught uncontrollably. Today, the number of nelma has decreased so much that scientists are already beginning to sound the alarm. In some areas, this fish has already been banned from being caught in any quantity.
If we talk about the habitats of nelma in general, then, as you probably already guessed, it prefers rivers, and the rivers are calm and wide. She doesn’t disdain lakes either. Some scientists are even trying to divide nelma fish into two groups: lake-river and river, like whitefish or muksun. One group, accordingly, lives in lakes and goes into rivers to spawn; the other lives and spawns in the river, but in different places. By the way, this feature is inherent in all whitefish.
The main food for nelma fish are crustaceans, insect larvae, and fish fry. They are most numerous in those parts of the river where the current is not very strong. That is why the nelma fish prefers to stay there. In lakes, she chooses places near the mouths of rivers, because they bring with them silt with crustaceans, larvae and other “products”.
But nelma spawn exclusively in rivers. In the fall, fish gather in schools and go on a long journey upstream, to where the water is a little warmer. The eggs are spawned in areas with smooth sandy or rocky bottom, and the fish comes back. In total, this journey takes about six months, and therefore it does not spawn every year.
Today, nelma fish is considered a delicacy. She is famous thanks to her tender meat With big amount fat Unfortunately, this does not benefit its numbers. The habitat of this fish is gradually narrowing, and even where it still remains, there is not as much of it as there once was. However, catching this fish is still allowed in some areas, albeit in limited quantities. This means that you have the opportunity to try this yummy.
Fresh frozen nelma
The taste of nelma is difficult to describe. How can one express in words the unique range of feelings that this fish evokes in the person who tastes it for the first time? This is something completely unique.
Nelma fish belongs to salmon fish, but, like whitefish (omul, whitefish, muksun, chir), differs from them in the white color of the meat. At the same time, nelma meat is very, very fatty, which means that the prepared dish will not be dry. And another advantage of this wonderful fish is the absence of bones between the muscles. To get a tender fillet without a single bone, it is enough to remove the backbone and the large bones associated with it. It is not difficult.
Nelma is practically not found in the European part of Russia. Previously, it was considered an excellent gift from the north, but bringing it to fresh it was almost impossible. Due to the high fat content of the meat, the fish spoils quite quickly. However, today everything is different. An excellent outlet for those who love and appreciate good fish is fresh frozen nelma.
Fresh frozen nelma are gutted nelma carcasses or finished fillets, frozen by the shock method, that is, very quickly and as soon as possible after removing the fish from the water. Due to the fact that the freezing of nelma occurs within a few minutes, the fish retains everything beneficial features, and she has a lot of them. Tasty, easily digestible fat, containing a lot of vitamins and other substances beneficial to the body, tender meat, rich in protein, in a word, a truly priceless product.
Another advantage of fresh frozen nelma is that it can be stored for a very long time. If you avoid defrosting and re-freezing, it can last for 2-3 months without loss of quality.
In order to to the fullest To appreciate the taste and benefits of fresh frozen nelma, just defrost it. As soon as the ice melts, you will immediately smell the aroma of fresh fish, as if it had just been pulled out of the river. And then you can do whatever you want with fresh frozen nelma. There are a lot of options for dishes, in fact, everything that your imagination tells you. This fish is good in pies and soups, in roasts and salads, stewed, baked, steamed, fried.
It’s up to you to decide what’s more profitable to take: a carcass or a fillet. Fillet is suitable for those cases when there is no time to bother with skinning the carcass. But it is from pieces of fish, along with the spine and head, that the most aromatic and rich fish soup is obtained. So it all depends on the specific dish.
The main thing is that fresh frozen nelma is of high quality. If you want to check the quality of frozen fish, it is very easy to do. It is enough to take a long needle, heat it over the fire and stick it into the fish. If you have a whole carcass, then it is better to make a puncture perpendicular to the spine next to the head. This is where the fish usually starts to spoil. If the fish is not fresh, then after you pull it out from the needle there will be bad smell.
Lightly salted nelma
Nelma is considered a delicacy fish and deservedly so. Nelma meat has a delicate taste that is not inferior, and, according to many, superior to the taste of other, more famous fish. Add to this the high fat content of nelma meat, thanks to which you can prepare balyks from it, the absence of small bones, and you will get the same nelma that many have already appreciated.
Lightly salted nelma is especially good. A small amount of salt does not interrupt the taste of the fish, but only emphasizes it, which makes the fish nelma an exquisite delicacy. Previously, it was difficult to bring lightly salted nelma: due to the small amount of salt, it quickly spoiled. Today, nelma is vacuum packed, and the problem of transportation is solved by itself.
Lightly salted nelma can be eaten just like that, or can be added to other dishes. Lightly salted nelma will make your salads, sandwiches and snacks a real masterpiece of culinary art. Nelma is the pearl of your kitchen.
How to cook nelma
Nelma, like whitefish, is related to salmon. In fact, nelma is the same white fish, only freshwater. Accordingly, any methods of preparing whitefish are also suitable for nelma. A large number of fat makes it possible to cook this fish on the grill or on the grill on open fire, and if you put the fish to bake in a pot with vegetables, it will turn out perfectly extraordinary dish, since the fat of nelma will saturate the vegetables, giving them a wonderful taste.
Nelma fish soup is also famous for its taste. It is important to cook the fish long enough, without fuss, over low heat. Then the soup will turn out very rich.
Like white fish, nelma is perfect for making balyk. In this form it can be stored for quite a long time.
Nelma is a fish belonging to the salmon family, semi-anadromous and freshwater. The second name is whitefish. It lives off the coast of the Arctic Ocean, at the mouth of the Yenisei, Lena, and Irtysh rivers. She happens to be valuable object fishing and breeding, as it has high taste. It is bred artificially, which leads to an increase in the population, which is rapidly declining due to poaching and environmental violations.
Nelma: characteristics and fishing features
Nelma is a river predator and the largest representative of salmon. It feeds on small fish (for example, smelt, vendace, burbot, roach). The length of the fish can exceed one meter, and the weight can reach half a quintal. But in most cases, individuals weighing 5-8 kg are encountered.
Description, spawning and nutrition
Nelma has a large spindle-shaped body with an adipose fin, big mouth and a white belly covered with silvery scales. The lower jaw protrudes forward, has a sharp bend that resembles a tooth and fits into the upper jaw, or, more precisely, into its recess. The jaws, tongue and vomer are filled with small sharp teeth. This fish does not have dark spots on its body, unlike other whitefish. The mating coloration is practically no different from the usual one. Rarely, in males, a poorly developed comb-like outgrowth is found on the scales and head. Fish live up to twenty years.
Maturation adult occurs in the period from six to ten years in males, and in females from seven to twelve years. Nelma can lay eggs only a few times in its entire life. Between one spawn and another, 1-2 years can pass.
Migration for spawning begins in mid-summer. Nelma travels long distances, which sometimes reach 2 thousand km.
Nelma spawn in river beds in deep water areas. This is a prolific fish. During spawning, one individual produces up to 400 thousand eggs. In autumn, it spawns in rivers with sandy and rocky bottoms. fast current, where the water warms up to five degrees Celsius. In winter, the eggs ripen between the stones.
The incubation period lasts about 200 days.
From the very first days, the fry begins to look for suitable food, showing itself to be a predator. At first it feeds on plankton and small crustaceans, then it begins to eat small fish. But it persists until reaching half a meter mixed type nutrition. Within six months, the young animals move downstream to feeding areas.
Moving towards the spawning area, the individual feeds small fish. When feeding in the morning and evening, it rises to the middle and upper layers of water. Nelma suddenly bursts into a school of small fish, drowns them with her fin, and then collects them. Can eat anything in rivers protein food- crustaceans, shrimp, insects and their larvae (except mollusks). It will never take prey from the bottom. Destroys many young fish of other fish (for example, carp and perch).
Fishing Features
Belorybitsa is under state protection. Fishing for it is prohibited everywhere, except in areas where rivers flow into polar ocean. There it is allowed to catch it by all means (including industrially and with nets).
It is possible to catch nelma inappropriately in by-catch with other fish that are allowed to be caught, but only on the way to the spawning grounds. In fact, you can only catch it in summer time of the year.
Usually morning fishing is more productive than evening fishing. IN dark time You can't catch nelma for days. During the day it is better to fish on a cloudy and calm day.
Spinning tackle is perfect for fishing. Fishing occurs due to a narrow and rotating oscillating spoon. Experienced fishermen are advised to use a light rod with a line up to half a millimeter thick. A thin braided cord will do.
The spoon is cast along the upper layers of the water, where the fish feed. For average and downstream it is better to use a light lure that resembles white fish. In the upper reaches, salmon can be seduced with a dark brass bait. When trying to stun the fish, loud splashes will be heard. The spoon is thrown at 15 meters. You need to take the whitefish using a hook or a landing net.
Beneficial features
Nelma has low calorie content, therefore included in the list of dietary products.
Although it is a representative of salmon, its meat is not red, but white. In terms of taste, it is not inferior to salmon, trout and pink salmon.
Benefits for humans:
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Nelma in cooking
Dishes from this fish always get the best highly appreciated for its beneficial properties and unique taste. Nelma is rich in valuable protein, balanced fat and amino acid composition. It is easily digestible and can be consumed in unlimited quantities. The meat is white, flaky and very fatty.
There are many recipes for whitefish: bake in sour cream, fry on a grill or frying pan with fresh vegetables, stew, make aspic, appetizers, main courses.
Cooking options:
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The nutritional properties of white fish are very high. Nelma is easily digestible and brings great benefits to human health. Catching and preparing dishes from it will be an interesting and exciting activity.
Nelma belongs to the salmon family, the white fish order. It lives in the rivers of the Arctic Ocean basin. It can reach a length of up to 150 cm with a weight of 30 – 50 kg. Lives up to 22 years.
Nutrition and habitat of nelma
Nelma is predatory fish. It feeds on smelt, vendace, and juvenile whitefish, carp and perch fish. Its meat is very fatty, ideal for frying, fish soup and smoking. Nelma is considered a valuable commercial fish. You can buy nelma here http://pervie.ru/catalog/nelmaNelma has an elongated body, flattened on the sides, silver in color, with a brown back and white belly. She has a large mouth with jaws strewn with small teeth, and the lower jaw protrudes strongly forward.
Nelma feeds in fresh areas of the ocean and northern seas, where they flow Siberian rivers. To spawn, it rises upstream of rivers, sometimes reaching the very upper reaches. When schools of this fish go to spawn, they simultaneously destroy a huge number of smaller river fish. It moves along the river bed, sometimes rising almost to the surface. Resting at the bottom, choosing the deepest holes and pools.
After spawning, the fish return back to their habitats. The whole caviar develops winter period, and only in the spring do young animals appear. The fry's diet consists of small benthic invertebrates and crustaceans. After reaching a length of about 30 cm, nelma begins to feed on other types of freshwater fish.
Spawning for each individual does not occur every year. The break can be 2 or more years.
Poaching
Currently, the number of this fish in the rivers of Siberia has begun to decline steadily. The nelma population is being heavily decimated by fishermen-poachers, for whom it is a desirable prey. Artificial reproduction is only at an experimental stage, and Taken measures efforts to prevent illegal fishing are not fully implemented. The fish is listed in the Red Book of Russia, under the heading “Endangered Species”.Useful and taste qualities of nelma
The meat of this fish is very fatty and tender. Nelma forgives all kinds of culinary mistakes and is very tasty no matter how it is prepared. You can cook it even without adding vegetable oils. A wide variety of dishes are prepared from nelma, including gourmet dishes. It is fried, smoked, baked over coals, steamed and in the oven, dried, etc. It makes excellent fish salads, aspic, fish balyk, sauces and other dishes.Meat is very high in calories (88 kcal per 100g). The high fat content determines the rapid absorption of the product by the human body. Thanks to this, nelma is recommended for consumption by everyone who monitors their diet and condition. digestive system and health.
Fish oil is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids Omega3, which are very beneficial for many body systems. They have a restorative effect on cardiovascular system, increase the elasticity of blood vessels, reduce the level of “bad” cholesterol, regulate heartbeat. Researched beneficial influence fish oil on kidney function, endocrine system, condition of the skin and hair.
Nelma meat contains a number of useful microelements: vitamins B and E, amino acids, minerals etc. They have a positive effect on metabolic processes, the formation and regeneration of tissues, organs and body systems.