Watching the sky during snowfall. Watching rain, sleet
Ulanova L. A., Jordan S. O. Guidelines on organizing and conducting walks for children 3-7 years old.
Target- consolidate ideas about spring. Pay attention to the changes that have occurred in the sky.Progress of the walk
Observation: Look at the sky: was it like this in winter? What changed? The sky turned blue. White light clouds appeared, floating slowly, slowly, admiring the children from above. Spring is coming! Draw the attention of older children that clouds, like white lumps of cotton wool, float across the sky. They are called cumulus because they are kept in clusters in the sky. They move either slowly or quickly. If the wind blows, they swim faster and often change their shape. The wind is becoming warmer (gentler), compare it with the winter, cold wind. Offer to determine the direction using a pinwheel.
Poems on the topic:
Blue sky,Blue shadows.
Blue rivers
They dropped the ice.
L. Yakhnin
Noisy, warm winds
Spring has been brought to the field.
Y. Akim
Spring, spring!
How clean the air is!
How clear is the sky!
E. Baratynsky
Puzzles
Across the blue seaWhite geese are swimming.
(Clouds)
Walking in the field, but not a horse,
It flies freely, not a bird.
(Wind)
Rushing, whistling,
He rushes about and prowls.
(Wind)
Didactic games
"What a sky"- children observe the sky and describe it. The goal is to develop the ability to select relative adjectives.
"Count"- children make up sentences that include numerals, adjectives and nouns. The goal is to form the lexical and grammatical structure of speech: coordination of cardinal numerals with nouns and adjectives.
Exercise to develop fine motor skills of the hands
Draw clouds on the snow (sand) with a stick.
Work and individual physical exercises
Collect takeaway material.Practice throwing and catching cones.
Outdoor games
"The quieter you go, the further you'll get". The goal is to develop reaction speed. Progress of the game: All participants move away from the leader to the opposite side of the site. The presenter turns away and says: “If you drive more quietly, you will continue. One, two, three... freeze!” The participants are in a hurry to run to the leader and touch his shoulder, but freeze after the leader’s command “Freeze!” The leader turns and sends everyone who did not have time to freeze in time or who froze but began to move to their starting position.
"Shuttle". The goal is to practice running in pairs, holding each other's hands, and run so as not to hit the gate. How to play: Everyone stands in pairs facing each other and joins hands - this is the gate. Children from the last pair run or pass under the gate and stand in front of the column, followed by the next pair. The game ends when all players pass under the gate. A complication - while running through the gate, carry various objects.
See also: Spring: Watching the snow
Walk Middle group.
Observing the summer sky.
Goal: to draw children’s attention to the beauty of the summer sky, to cultivate a love of nature, to develop children’s curiosity, creative imagination.
Educator: Children, look at the sky, how bright blue it is. And in winter the sky is gray and dark. In the summer, it’s light, bright outside, and the sky seems high, high, the birds are flying after each other, enjoying the warmth and good weather. White clouds are floating across the sky. Look, what shape, what do they look like? What was the sky like in the morning when we arrived at kindergarten? Have the white clouds changed their shape?
I would like to tell you about some signs: the direction of the wind and the movement of the clouds are not the same - it means rain; if we see clouds that are black, dark, low, and fast moving, bad weather will persist.
But remember some sayings and proverbs: in June a day is a year; in June, every bush will let you spend the night.
Poem about summer.
I. Surikov
The sun is shining brightly,
It's warm outside,
And everywhere you look.
Everything around is bright.
And now guys, a riddle:
Above the forest. Above the mountains
The carpet is spread out,
He is always, always spread out
Above you and above me
Sometimes it's gray, sometimes it's blue
It's pale blue.
Well, guess what - the sky, right. Well done!
Experimental activity “Jolly Boats” (Buoyancy of objects)
Purpose: to show experimentally various properties items.
We pour water into a basin and lower objects made from various materials (corks, lids, plastic, wooden parts) Together with the children, we observe which ones sink and which remain floating.
Conclusion: not all objects float, it all depends on the material from which they are made.
I suggest you play a little, “Homeless Hare”
Well done, did you enjoy our walk?
The closest celestial body to us is Earth's satellite, a world of rocks the size of a quarter of the Earth. The Sun is a ball of hot gas, more than 100 times the size of the Earth. We are separated from the Sun by about 150 million km - a distance taken as one astronomical unit(a.e.).
The Moon makes a full revolution around the Earth in 27.3 days, while the Earth revolves around the Sun in 1 year (365.24 days). The orbits lie inside the orbit of the Earth, while it is the outermost planet of the solar system. Seven stars are within 10 light years of us, and the closest one is a faint companion Alpha Centauri. The solar system is located in one of the spiral arms of the Milky Way, consisting of stars, gas and dust. The Local Group includes three spiral galaxies: the Andromeda Galaxy (M31), the Milky Way and the ISM. The local supercluster of galaxies in Virgo consists of approximately 5 thousand galaxies, united in several clouds. There are billions of galaxies, forming clusters, layers and chains, separated by empty space.
Observing luminous objects in the starry sky
On a good clear night, up to 3 thousand stars can be observed in the sky with the naked eye. The bright stripe of the Milky Way is also clearly visible. The observer is able to detect up to five planets. Although they look very similar to stars, planets differ in that they move relative to the starry sky. The moon changes position and phase as it goes through its monthly cycle. From time to time dark sky draw bright stripes, flashing and fading after a split second. These are the so-called falling stars, in fact - meteors. It happens that the head of a comet and its ghostly glowing tail are visible in the sky.
Scale of the Universe
The speed of which is 300 thousand km/s, it travels from the Moon in just over a second. It takes the sun's rays 8.3 minutes to reach Earth, and it takes light about 5.5 hours to travel the distance from us to Pluto. When estimating distances to stars, it is no longer possible to use seconds as within the Solar System. Take for example the nearest star, called Proxima Centauri, the light from it takes 4.3 years, and this faint red star is said to be 4.3 light years away. The diameter of our Galaxy is approximately 100 thousand light years! It is even more difficult to imagine the distances between galaxies. For example, the closest Andromeda galaxy to us is located at a distance of 2.2 million light years. Together with our Galaxy, it is included in Local group, consisting of approximately 30 galaxies, concentrated in an area with a diameter of about 4 million light years. The local group is located on the edge of the huge Virgo supercluster. Modern telescopes make it possible to detect galaxies at a distance of more than 10 billion light years, but the number of galaxies in the entire observable Universe is much larger and amounts to many billions.
Returning to the stars, it should be said that others are much further than the mentioned Proxima Centauri. The speed of light is approximately 300 thousand km/s. The distance that it can cover in one year (about 10 billion km) is called light year. What can we say about other stars, when the closest one to us is 4.3 light years away. The Sun is also a star, one of the billion that make up our Galaxy, or Milky Way. Of course, our Galaxy is not the only one in the Universe. Astronomers are able to observe billions of similar formations, located at distances of up to 10 billion light years. Galaxies form groups, or clusters, which in turn unite into even larger superclusters. But all this is only a part of the Universe, the dimensions of which are still unknown and inaccessible to the human imagination.
Star maps
If you live north of the equator, the names of the months will tell you when the celestial suit adjacent to them on the chart will be in the south at 10 pm. A month later, the same part of the sky should be found in the south at 8 pm. If you live south of the equator, the month names will indicate when the corresponding part of the sky will be in the north at 10 pm.
For many millennia, stars have attracted the attention of people who have already been able to ancient times distinguish groups of stars with a characteristic location - constellations, to which they gave the names of characters in myths and legends. Among the many constellations, some are easily recognizable, others require more imagination. One of the most notable is Orion. This constellation appears to us as a hunter, crossing the sky with long strides.
Landmarks in the starry sky
Continuing mentally the straight line connecting the three stars of Orion's belt, and one side, we will find Sirius- the brightest star in the sky. Continuing the line to reverse direction, we will find the star Aldebaran in the constellation Taurus. Seven most bright stars The Big Dipper forms the Big Dipper. Two wonderful stars Merah and Dubhe are also called Pointers, because the straight line connecting them will always show the observer the path to the North Star.
Astronomy is one of the oldest sciences; it arose on the basis of the practical needs of man and developed along with him.
We often turn our gaze to the night starry sky, but do we know what constellations can be seen in different time year in our region?
This question interested me. After the whole class visited the Omsk Planetarium, I began to make my own observations. Over the course of a year, I monitored the changes in the starry sky, setting a goal for myself.
Astronomy is the science of the Universe and the objects inhabiting it: planets, stars and giant star systems - galaxies.
The name of this ancient science, which studies celestial bodies, is derived from the Greek words “astron” - star and “nomos” - law.
The main subject of astronomy is stars - huge balls of gas that radiate energy. This energy is produced in the interior of stars mainly through nuclear reactions.
Together with clouds of hydrogen, stars form giant systems - galaxies.
The closest star to us is the Sun. Around him except 9 major planets: Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto, our Earth - several thousand asteroids, comets, meteor dust rotate.
When the sun disappears over the horizon and night falls, the most amazing picture in the world appears before our eyes: the starry sky.
We all love to watch these countless sparkling points with which the sky is strewn - stars. At first glance, you can count several thousand stars, but in reality there are billions of them. Just as the light of a light bulb or lantern is not visible during the day, but in the dark they are clearly visible, stars sparkle brightly in the darkness of the night and are not visible during the day because they are eclipsed sunlight. And that’s why they are hard to see under a clear moon.
Turning your gaze to the night sky, you see the Moon glowing with the reflected light of the Sun. She moves against the backdrop of stars around the earth.
Looking with the naked eye, stars in the night sky appear to us as points, because even the nearest one is millions of times farther than the Sun.
The sun is one of the stars, and the stars are suns very far from us.
Most galaxies from earth appear as hazy blobs. They consist of millions of stars, such as the bright strip of the Milky Way - the densest part of our Galaxy, on the outskirts of which the Sun is located.
The stars are like huge balls of fire, they radiate great amount light - and from the Earth we perceive this light as a silvery shine. This happens because stars are formed by burning hydrogen and helium, and these gases release light and heat when burned. The brightest stars have a brightness many millions of times greater than that of the Sun, although there are stars whose luminosity is millions of times less.
Astronomers obtain all information about the Universe and stellar systems, about the nature of stars and planets by analyzing electromagnetic radiation emanating from celestial bodies.
2. 2. Basic astronomical information.
Elementary astronomical information was known thousands of years ago in Babylon, Egypt, and China and was used by the peoples of these countries to measure time and orient themselves to the sides of the horizon. Thousands of years ago, astronomers in ancient Greece and China looked at the constellations and named them after heroes of myth and legend. The names of some constellations have survived to this day: the constellations Leo, Ursa Major, Centaur, Pegasus, Cassiopia, etc.3.
To better distinguish stars, ancient world thousands of years ago, astronomers grouped them together as if they were points of an imaginary figure: a lion, scales, snake or other objects and mythological creatures. They called these groups of stars the constellations of the Southern Hemisphere and the constellations Northern Hemisphere. 7.
In ancient times, constellations helped travelers navigate and find their way, especially at sea. Even then, people noticed that all the stars seemed to revolve around the North Star. The North Star appears motionless.
It is located almost directly above North Pole, so sailors could use it to navigate and determine where the south, west and east were. In the Southern Hemisphere, it is convenient to navigate by the Southern Cross constellation. It appears on the flag of Australia and New Zealand.
When I look into the night sky, I see thousands of lights flickering and shimmering on its black velvet. Some of them are planets, including our Earth. Scientists have combined all the bright stars visible from Earth into conventional figures - constellations. Astronomers count eighty-eight constellations. Each of them has its own name. The names of many constellations are taken from ancient legends. From the ground, it seems that the stars in the constellation are located close, but this is not the case. In the Universe, stars of the same constellation are usually very far from each other. When people talk about stars, they usually mean all the luminous bodies that can be seen in the night sky.
Let's look at how stars are born. Almost all of them developed in small groups from a relatively cold mass consisting of gas and stardust. This mass concentrated, that is, particles of cosmic matter united, forming a kind of cloud called a nebula.
Perhaps this nebula began to rotate and reached highest temperatures, approximately about a million highest temperatures, approximately about a million degrees on the centigrade scale. The nebula, having caught fire, already becomes a star. Many of them, however, are not stars, but planets or simply clouds of gas.
A star is a ball of gas heated to such a temperature that it glows. The temperature of stars ranges from 2,100 degrees Celsius to 50,000 degrees Celsius.
When we look at the stars, it seems to us that they are all the same color: white-bluish.
But there is no doubt that they all have different colors, which depend on their temperature. Stars highlighting large quantity warmth - white and blue. Their surface temperature reaches 100,000 degrees. Yellow and orange stars have average temperature. The coldest stars are red. Their temperature is 2000 degrees. The sun is a yellow star. Its temperature is 6000 degrees.
3. Practical part.
Observations of the starry sky.
By observing the starry sky at different times of the year, you can see some of the constellations of the zodiac. In spring, large spaces appear in the sky with no bright stars. During this season, the Milky Way is visible near the northern horizon. This is why astronomers who study other galaxies especially love spring. They surround us everywhere, but are best seen at this time of year.
3. 1. The main constellations of the spring sky.
In spring, large spaces appear in the sky with no bright stars. During this season, the Milky Way is visible near the northern horizon.
According to my observations, some constellations are clearly visible in the spring, namely the constellations Leo, Bootes, Virgo, Cancer, Hydra and Chalice. .
3. 2. The main constellations of the summer sky.
End of summer - best time to study constellations. It’s still warm, it doesn’t get dark too late, and on clear evenings, before the Moon appears, you can see a beautiful picture of a starry night.
The heavens open before us, shining with many stars. A foggy, frayed ribbon of the Milky Way stretches diagonally across the entire sky. The Summer Triangle leaned against it with its right corner. The summer triangle is formed by three main stars of different constellations: Vega - Lyra, Deneb - Cygnus and Altair - Aquila. .
3. 3. The main constellations of the autumn sky.
If in the summer night sky the eye is instantly attracted by the Summer Triangle, then when looking at the autumn sky, the almost regular quadrangle of bright stars, the so-called Pegasus Square, immediately catches the eye.
In ancient times, the constellation was simply called the Horse. This winged horse, like Taurus, has only its front part shown in the sky. We see it overturned.
In the autumn sky you can see such constellations as Pegasus, Andromeda, Pisces, Aquarius, Capricorn. .
3. 4. The main constellations of the winter sky.
Winter in our latitudes is the most favorable season for observing the Moon and planets, since Milky Way at this time of year it rises high above the horizon. The winter sky is rich and bright stars, and noticeable, easy-to-find constellations. And besides, in winter it gets dark early and light late, so it’s time to observe starry sky increases.
In the middle of the Milky Way sparkles a huge and, perhaps, the brightest constellation in our sky - Orion. It is easy to recognize - it is a quadrangle of bright stars marking the knees and shoulders of the great hunter. Between them shine three stars of the hero's belt, going up from left to right. Orion's belt is a real decoration of the winter sky of our latitudes.
Even I have little orientation in the stars, I can easily find this row of three bright stars and, taking it as a guide, I can easily see the other stars of Orion and the surrounding star hunter - the giant constellations like Canis Major and Canis Minor, Unicorn, Hare, Eridanus.
It is not surprising that astronomers have been trying to study the properties of the Universe as a whole for quite a long time, more than 200 years, along with studying the properties of individual celestial bodies. They study stars and planets, observe their movements and describe their features. Thanks to Astronomers, we know what the Milky Way is, how many planets there are solar system and what are the phases of the moon. Astrologers believe that the position of stars and planets affects human life. According to astrologers, there are twelve constellations in the sky that influence the life and destiny of people. Astrologers call them the zodiac signs: Aries, Taurus, Gemini, Cancer, Leo, Virgo, Libra, Scorpio, Sagittarius, Capricorn, Aquarius and Pisces. Each zodiac sign corresponds to a specific time of the month. So, according to astrologers, the fact of birth under a certain sign affects the personality of each person.
The ancient diagram depicting the movement of the planets around the sun also shows the ecliptic belt depicting 12 figures of the zodiac constellations.
Using an analysis of encyclopedic literature and my observations, I was able to compile a list of constellations that are visible to the naked eye at different times of the year.
The reason for the change of constellations in the sky is associated with the rotation of the earth around the sun and therefore different hemispheres Different constellations are visible at different times of the year.
In our region, unfortunately, we cannot see the constellation Southern Cross, Ship Argo (consisting of the constellations Velas, Puppies, Carina), gold fish and many others, because they are on southern hemisphere and when the earth rotates, we cannot see them.
My interest in astronomy has not faded, but only strengthened. And I am sure that in the near future, stargazing will bring many more surprises to humanity, many more world discoveries will be made: after all, today astronomy is one of the most dynamically developing sciences.
December1. Winter – beautiful time of the year
Goals : to form ideas about changes in nature at the beginning of winter (the night becomes longer and the day decreases); consolidate children’s ability to distinguish the characteristic signs of the beginning of winter and recognize them in poems.
Progress of observation :
The beauty of winter morning.
The days are unspeakable
Snow - at least give me a loan
To all other snowless winters...
December has arrived - the first winter month. Through the low gray clouds The sun rarely peeks through, which is why people call December “gloomy” - a gloomy, sunless month, the days are short, the nights are long, it gets dark early. At night in December the frost crackles - it builds ice bridges on rivers, ponds and lakes. For what it's been a month December?
What has changed at the kindergarten site compared to November? What has changed in people's clothing compared to autumn? Which protective properties by the snow? Pay attention to the snow cover. Look for signs of winter in our area.
Signs of winter :
December ends the year, winter begins.
December will pave, nail, and set the sleigh in motion.
Research activities. Measure the depth of the snow cover and ask how this can be done.
2. Frosty sunny day
Goals : to form children’s idea of winter, to introduce them to the properties winter sun, develop observation skills.
Progress of observation :
On a sunny day, pay attention to the beauty of the winter landscape (it’s white and light all around, the snow sparkles in the sun, the sky is blue). Mark which sun (dim, bright, clouded). Remember what it was like yesterday. The sun does not warm, does not rise high.
The days have become shorter
The sun shines little
The frosts are here,
And winter has come.
I.Surikov
3. Observation of wintering birds
Goals : consolidate children’s knowledge about wintering birds, develop a desire to care for living beings, and cultivate a love of nature.
Progress of observation :
Pay attention to the behavior of birds. Name the birds that fly to the site. Explain how hungry they are in winter, tell them that birds fly closer to people, hoping to find more food. Invite children to feed the birds and watch the birds peck at the food.
Sparrows are playful,
Like lonely children,
Huddled by the window.
The little birds are cold,
Hungry, tired,
And they huddle tighter.
4. Observation: where, whose trace?
Goals : develop attentiveness, arouse interest in the environment, expand the ability to distinguish the tracks of birds and animals by shape.
Progress of observation :
Who walked along the path
And left your mark here?
This is a small bird
Or is it someone's cat?
Show children traces of birds and animals on freshly fallen snow.
Ask who else might leave traces.
Oh, how the hare wove
He was running away from the fox.
The wolf didn't get it
And he remained alive!
5. Watching sparrows
Goals : to form emotional responsiveness to communication with living beings, to evoke a desire to help birds in the winter.
Progress of observation :
Difficult birds to spend the winter,
We need to help the birds!
I asked you to cut it
spruce board,
I made it with my dad
Bird's canteen.
6. Observation of pets in winter
Goals : consolidate knowledge about the life of domestic animals in winter time of the year; to form the idea that a person takes care of domestic animals (prepares food, prepares food, cleans the home), and cultivates a love of nature.
Progress of observation :
I love pets very much:
I feed, take care of and caress.
Dog and cat, goat and pig
I consider them my friends.
Our helpers are a cow and a ram
And a dark-maned black horse
They live next to us, are attached to us,
Trusting, peaceful.
What pets do you know? How has the life of pets changed with the onset of winter? How do people care for their pets? Tell us about your observations of the life of pets in winter.
7. Observation: winter fun
Goals : consolidate children’s knowledge about the purpose of snow buildings; clarify knowledge about safety rules when playing on the site, cultivate a desire to help build towns on the site.
Progress of observation :
Examine the buildings on the site and find out their purpose.
White snow-snowball
It burns and stings.
Come out, my friend,
Beyond the outskirts.
There's a snowy mountain there
Powdered,
There was a ski track yesterday
Paved by me.
Let's run with you
To the blue forest,
We'll bring it home
Winter joy.
G.Ladonshchikov
Talk about winter fun, suggest playing simulation games: We are skiers and figure skaters.
8. Observation of plants
Goals : consolidate children’s knowledge about plants; develop observation skills.
Progress of observation :
She dies in the fall
And again in the spring it comes to life.
The green needle will come out into the light,
It grows and blooms all summer long,
Cows are in trouble without it,
She is their main food.
2. Sits - turns green,
It falls and turns yellow,
If he lies there he will turn black.
Pay attention to the fallen snow. If you don’t see grass anywhere, then dig up the snow and find the remaining browned leaves and grass. Ask why the grass looks like this in winter.
1. Conversation about grass, leaves:
When they grow up
When they dry out
When they die
Where are they now, why?
2.What is the name of the fairy tale where Santa Claus covers winter wheat with a feather bed of snow?
9. Observing the soil
Goals: develop observation skills and love for nature.
Progress of observation:
"Winter":
This time of year:
Nature sleeps in winter.
Streams dived under the ice,
The earth sleeps under the snow,
The meadows and gardens have fallen asleep,
And groves and fields!
L. Zavalnyuk
Try to find the ground, the soil under the snow, consider what condition it is in, invite the children to dig up the ground. Why can't this be done?
Invite children to express their opinions about:
“The earth sleeps under the snow in order to gain strength for summer.
In order to gain strength for the summer, they need to sleep.”
10. Bird watching (pigeons)
Goals: expand children's knowledge about birds and ability to analyze.
Progress of observation:
On a winter day among the branches
The table is set for the guests.
(feeder)
Walks importantly, waddles,
And coos and pecks
Offer to feed the birds. Draw the children's attention to the arriving pigeons:
What do pigeons look like?
What do they eat?
Where do they live in winter?
Where - in the summer?
What are the names of birds that live in one place both summer and winter without flying anywhere? (Sedentary).
Which feeders do pigeons sit on and peck at crumbs, and which ones do they not sit on? Why? (Small ones can fit)
Tell children that people consider pigeons a symbol of peace and a good life.
11. Weather observation
Target: develop the ability to observe the weather.
Progress of observation:
“Name it, guys,
A month in this riddle:
His days are the shortest of all days,
Of all nights longer than night.
To the fields and meadows
It snowed until spring.
Only our month will pass,
We are meeting New Year!»
Observation of clouds, clouds. Look for the sun in the sky. Proverb: “In winter, the sun is like a stepmother: it shines, but does not warm.” Note what color the sky is (if visible). Remind that the weather can be: sunny, cloudy, cloudy, windy, calm, frosty, etc. Ask the children how they understand this.
How can you characterize today's weather, and why?
12. Observation of plants
Target: Consolidate knowledge about growing on plot of trees, expand knowledge about trees.
Progress of observation:
Who, as soon as it gets hot,
He will pull the fur coat over his shoulders.
And the evil cold will come,
Will he throw her off his shoulders?
Ask the children to name the trees that grow on the site kindergarten. Explain why they decided that this tree was birch or maple? (By bark, by trunk, by seeds).
Conversation with children about trees in winter.
Why are tree branches fragile in winter?
Why do you need to “hill” trees with snow? Under a birch or maple, pay attention to the snow under these trees: are there any catkins or maple seeds?
Why are maple seeds called “winged”?
Why do seeds need “wings”?
Offer to scoop the seeds into your palm and throw them up. Watch how and where they fly.
13. Watching the snow.
Goals: consolidate knowledge about the properties of snow,
Ability to analyze, conduct experiments,
Ability to draw your own conclusions.
Progress of observation:
Sits on everyone
Not afraid of anyone.
Doesn't burn in fire
Doesn't drown in water
It lies all winter
And in the spring it will run away./snow/
What is it outside the window: the field immediately became brighter.
This snow lies like a carpet, the very first one,
The whitest.
On the fences, on the porch
Everything sparkles. And everything is white!
There is no free place
There's snow everywhere!
Experiments with snow.
B) Problematic question: snow is white, can we say that it is clean?
14. Snowfall observation
Goals : consolidate children’s knowledge about the seasonal phenomenon - snowfall, develop observation skills, cultivate a love of nature.
Progress of observation :
Ask the children where snowing. Explain that It is raining from rain clouds in summer. Now it’s winter outside, there are no rain clouds, the weather is cold, frosty. In clouds, steam and small droplets of water freeze and turn into snowflakes; they fall to the ground, forming heaps of snow, snowdrifts. There was a lot of snow all around. There is snow on the benches, tables, and paths. Snowflakes are falling - this is snowfall.
Draw children's attention to the structure of a snowflake.
On a windless day, snowflakes fall slowly, and you can see their shape. when the wind blows, snowflakes fly like dust, touching each other and other objects. Their rays break off and lose beautiful shape, In great frost when clear sky needle-shaped crystals fall out. Offer to catch a snowflake and examine it.
Invite the children to build a snowman. Will it work out or not? Why?
White, fluffy, fell on my hand and disappeared (snowflake).
Snow is falling from the sky,
Like a light fluff...
Why, sighing heavily,
The roof whispers:
“Oh, how hard!”
Ts.Angelov
15. Observation of bushes
Goals: expand knowledge about shrubs, consolidate their structure, and cultivate a desire to protect shrubs in winter.
Progress of observation:
“Wear a fur coat in the summer, but naked in the winter.”
Ask what riddles the children know about trees and shrubs.
Draw children's attention to the bushes.
Conversation about bushes:
Remember the names of the shrubs growing on the site.
What they looked like in summer, autumn and winter.
Why do bush branches break easily in winter?
How are shrubs different from trees?
What do they have in common?
Why do you need to “hill” shrubs with snow?
Suggest filling the bases of the trunks of bushes and trees with snow.
16. Watching the wind
Goals: expand knowledge about the wind, develop observation skills.
Progress of observation:
The snow is rising.
Can you hear him
But you don’t see.”
Sign: “December pleases the eyes with snow, but tears at the ear with frost.”
Offer turntables to determine the direction and strength of the wind. Explain to children that strong wind during snowfall it causes blizzards. But snowstorms can occur without snowfall. Even in clear weather, a strong wind lifts snow from the ground, carries and swirls it with force, forming drifts and sweeping snowdrifts.
Offer to guess the riddle (see below) and the sign of winter.
What other words can you use to describe a blizzard? (blizzard - a small snowstorm; drifting snow - on the ground; blizzard, storm - strong blizzard).
17. Stargazing
Target: expand and clarify knowledge about the meaning of the night luminaries.
Progress of observation:
“There is a bun on a plate -
Golden hot side.
And the plate is blue,
There’s no end in sight.”
“The grain scattered by night,
We looked in the morning and there was nothing.”
Draw children's attention to the sunrise and sunset. Remind that the days until the end of December are the shortest and the nights the longest. Offer to look at the sky: whether there are stars or not. Why? Enrich your understanding of the weather, the winter sky, sunrise and sunset, the appearance of the moon and stars. Conversation about space, stars.
What are stars?
Is it possible to reach them by plane?
Why?
Do people live on the stars?
At what time of day do we see the stars?
Why?
Where do the stars go during the day?
18. Watching bullfinches
Target: consolidate knowledge about birds.
Progress of observation:
"In winter on apples on branches,
Collect them quickly.
And suddenly the apples fluttered:
After all, these are bullfinches.”
"Black-winged, red-breasted,
And in winter it will find shelter.
He is not afraid of colds -
It’s right here with the first snow.”
Scatter some rowan berries and watch the bullfinches fly to the nearest tree branches. Note the characteristic features of birds.
Recall that in winter bullfinches move to live closer to human habitation.
Conversation.
Why are bullfinches red?
What are the names of the birds that winter with us and do not fly south? (Wintering).
How do birds live in winter?
What do they eat?
Why do you need to feed birds in winter?
Why in winter do birds most often die not from cold, but from hunger. (In winter, birds grow fine fluff between their feathers for warmth, this is their insulation for the winter season, a “fur coat” for the body).
19. Observation of plants
Goals: develop children's thinking;
Caring for plants
Progress of observation:
“Soon the New Year is a steamer,
It will leave the pier.
From the pier, where there is snow,
Where there are frosts and snowstorms.
Do you hear him beeping?
Calls for spring days."
Draw children's attention to the fact that very coldy tree branches are fragile and break easily, because the “sap” does not move along the branches, but is frozen. (Compare how an icicle breaks).
Do trees grow in winter?
Why?
At what time of year will the plants come to life?
A conversation about the protection of trees and shrubs in the winter, about people helping plants.
20. Watching the snow
Goals: develop logical thinking,
Ability to draw conclusions
Progress of observation:
Pay attention to the amount of snow on the site.
Proverb: “Thank you, frost, for bringing snow.”
“Take care of your nose in the deep frost.”
Word game“Good - bad” (about snow).
List the benefits of snow on our site (we made a slide, figures, you can go sledding, skiing, make a snowman)
Observations:
Take the snow with your mittened palm and squeeze it, see if it turns out to be a snowball. Depending on the result, draw a conclusion about the snow: wet, dry (it’s frosty outside or not).
Offer to build a snowman, did it work?
Take the snow in your palm: is it cold or not? prickly or not?
What color is the snow? Is it clean? Can I eat it? Why? (Cold, dirty).
Offer to bring the snow into the group, into a warm place, and see when the snow melts in the bucket.
Independent conclusions of children.
Generalization about the properties of snow:
Snow is made up of snowflakes
Snowflakes melt from the heat
It's good to sculpt from wet snow
Dry snow crumbles, you can’t sculpt from it
Dry snow creaks in frosty weather, it's snowflakes that break
Measure the depth of the snow with a stick. Remind about the importance of snow cover for plants. Offer to collect snow near tree trunks.
January
1. Observation: winter - winter
Goals : systematize children’s understanding of the characteristic signs of winter, strengthen children’s skills to talk about it beautifully, and cultivate a love of nature.
Progress of observation :
Who whitens the clearings white,
And writes on the walls with chalk,
Sews down feather beds,
Have you decorated all the windows?
Who knows the answer? What can you tell us about winter? (Cold, harsh, frosty, fierce, blizzard, angry, long.) What happens in nature in winter? What kind of trees are there? What lies on the roofs of houses and on the street? What do people wear in winter? How do animals and birds live in winter? How can you help them? Which ones do you know winter holidays?
Children, think about how you can say beautiful things about snow and trees? (The snow lies like a wavy carpet and shimmers, sparkles, sparkles from sun rays. There is fluffy, white, soft snow lying around and sparkling with colorful lights. Winter has dressed the trees in warm snow coats.)
2. Properties of ice.
Goals : introduce seasonal phenomenon– ice, consolidate knowledge about the properties of ice, develop observation skills.
Progress of observation :
Introduce the property of water to turn into ice. At the beginning of winter, examine the leaves lying on the ground through the thin ice of frozen puddles. To consolidate knowledge about the properties of ice (hard, brittle, smooth, slippery, you can skate on it).
Doesn't go and doesn't go,
Because it's icy.
But it falls great!
Why isn't anyone happy?!
V. Berestov
3. Watching a blizzard
Target : consolidate knowledge about snow movement in windy weather.
Progress of observation
I'm walking in the field
I fly free
I'm spinning, I'm muttering,
I don't want to know anyone.
I run along the snow,
I'm sweeping up snowdrifts. (Blizzard.)
What do you think a blizzard is?(Moving snow under the influence of strong winds from one place to another.)
Look carefully, what happens to the snow?(Snow moves in the direction of the wind.)
Why do snowdrifts appear during a snowstorm?(Snow moves from one place to another and lingers where there is an obstacle, so snowdrifts form.)
Do you think a snowstorm is good or bad?(Tree roots are exposed - they can freeze, snow is blown away from
fields and beds, impassable snowdrifts appear, you can’t go for a walk.)
Who is this, howling, flying without wings
ANDwithout a broom, does he cover his tracks?
Makes snowdrifts from snow dough, -
Moving them from place to place.(Blizzard.)
The day after the snowstorm, cover the soil in the beds and the roots of the trees with snow, since a strong wind changed everything: it moved the snowdrifts to another place; where it was unnecessary, he exposed the ground.
4. Frosty sunny day
Goals : pay attention to how the sun has changed in winter; strengthen the ability to compare natural changes; develop observation skills.
Progress of observation :
The sun is shining, the snow is fluffy and white. It was quiet and calm, but yesterday there was a blizzard, the wind was howling, and it was snowing. The snow glistens in the sun.
Everything around is beautiful and shimmers.
Frost and sun -
It's a wonderful day.
A. Pushkin
Where are you, sun, really?
We're completely numb.
Without you the water is frozen,
Without you, the ground is frozen.
Come out, sunshine, quickly!
Caress and warm!
5. Watching the wind
Goals : expand and deepen knowledge about inanimate nature, develop interest in natural phenomena, develop observation skills.
Progress of observation :
The wind blew all night
The fir trees were noisy,
The water wrinkled.
The old pines creaked,
The willows bent by the pond,
Howled, blew, howled.
And when dawn came,
It was as if there was no wind,
As if it never happened.
What is the weather today?(Cold, windy, cloudy.)
6. Observation of a pine tree
Goals : clarify knowledge about coniferous trees, their similarities and differences (pine, like spruce, is always green, it also has needles, only longer), cultivate a desire to admire the beauty of the tree.
Progress of observation :
Was it a small tree?
I can’t believe Pine at all:
Long ago from a high cliff
Got the crown of the clouds
And from the other shore
I got the shade from the tree.
People say:
"The pine is red where it grows"
"Every pine tree makes noise in its own forest."
Pine is a tall tree, its trunk is straight, its branches are only on the top of its head. The pine bark is rough and rough at the bottom, and thin at the top. Pine has long and narrow needles, which is why pine is called coniferous tree. The needles are arranged in pairs. Pine reproduces by cones.
7. Tree watching
Goals : show the children trees: birch, spruce, take them apart features, clarify knowledge about trees, cultivate a love of nature.
Progress of observation :
Show that the Christmas tree has green needles. Spruce branch - paw.
Compare it to a bare white birch tree.
Note that it has dropped its leaves for the winter. Explain that tree branches are fragile in frost and break easily, so they must be protected, not broken, and not knocked on the trunk.
Bewitched by the invisible
The forest sleeps under dream fairy tale,
Like a white scarf
The pine tree has tied up.
S. Yesenin
8. Why does the change of day and night occur?
Target : give an idea of how the change of day and night occurs.
Progress of observation
Why do you think the change of day and night occurs? The sun gives light to the Earth both day and night. The earth spins like a top in space with high speed. One revolution occurs in 24 hours. During rotation, on the side that is not facing the Sun there is night, on the other side it is day.
Where do the stars go?(The stars remain in the sky during the day, but we don’t see them, because the sunlight is much brighter than the light of the stars.)
Why does the sun set?(The Earth revolves around the Sun, making it appear to rise in the east and set in the west.)
Research activities
Rays of light always travel in a straight line, and if any object gets in their way, it casts a dark shadow.
Conduct observation - in the morning, at noon, in the evening.(At noon, the sun is directly overhead, the shadow is very short; early in the morning and in the evening the sun drops in the sky, the shadows become long.)
9. Observing what we wear in winter
Goals : consolidate children’s knowledge about seasonal clothing, develop observation skills.
Progress of observation :
Pay attention to the clothes of passers-by and children. Find out what kind of clothing it is for the season, warm or not.
Why? It's cold in winter.
Early in the morning our Lyuba sat by the window.
She sews for a small doll
today a fur coat.
Made from cloth, on cotton wool, so as not to
Katya is freezing.
Slowly sew on the sleeves
and gate.
The fur coat turned out good: you can
go to the city.
10. Observation black
Goals : strengthen children’s skills to compare the gray and black crow; find distinctive features (external view , voice, habits), cultivate curiosity.
Progress of observation :
Everyone recognizes the raven's voice. “Kru-kru-kru...” echoes throughout the forest. The raven himself sits somewhere on a high tree and looks around like the owner. Crows are solitary creatures and it is rare to see a group of six or more birds. The raven is very proud of his black, glossy feathers and strong beak. So he carries himself importantly, strides along the ground like some kind of prince, and his flight is beautiful and smooth. But when it comes to food, the raven is not picky. He eats literally everything that catches his eye: fruits, seeds, insects, snails and worms, and even small animals and birds. After all, the raven is a feathered predator.
Hoodie her song foreshadows the imminent arrival of spring. Her simple, quiet, melodic song does not at all resemble a croak, but rather resembles the purring of a kitten. The gray crow spends the winter with us and, of course, is looking forward to spring.
11. Waxwing observation
Goals : consolidate ideas about birds (waxwing); cultivate compassion and empathy towards birds.
Progress of observation :
The waxwings have arrived.
They sat down together on the rowan tree,
They began to peck the berries,
They began to wait for the sun to visit.
Waxwing The waxwing is the size of a starling, its plumage is elegant, pinkish-brown, lighter spots on the chest and abdomen, and darker on the back. The waxwing's head is decorated with perky silver-pink crests. Bright red stripes are painted on the wings. Shegot this namefor his song - he whistles quietly, as if playing a pipe: sviri-sviri-svir. Waxwings are called northern parrots for their brightplumage - their plumage is very elegant, bright, multi-colored. Waxwings about They really like to eat ripe rowan berries; they eat midges, mosquitoes, juniper berries, hawthorn, and viburnum. When waxwings fly to the city in the snow, there are always a lot of berries under the mountain ash.Waxwings throw rowan berries into the snow,The berries are preserved very well in the snow.
12. Observation of ice.
Goals : consolidate ideas about the properties of ice, clarify the rules of behavior on a slide, skating rink.
Progress of observation :
"Transparent and hard, brittle, but not glass"
Invite them to remember what the children learned in class about the properties of water. (States of water: liquid, solid, gaseous).
Draw the children's attention to what happened with the water taken out yesterday and left overnight on the veranda in a bucket and in a plate (as well as colored and colorless forms).
Can ice be colored in nature? Why?
Observations and independent conclusions of children.
Draw the children's attention to the ice slide and the ice path. Repeat what properties ice has.
Conversation about compliance with safety rules on the ice slide and path.
13. Watching snowflakes
Goals :
pay attention to the fact that snowflakes come in different shapes;
teach comparison, develop cognitive activity.
Progress of observation
What kind of stars are through?
On the scarf and sleeve,
All through, cut-out
Will you take it - water in your hand?
The star spun
There's a little in the air
Sat down and melted
On my palm.
E. Blaginina
The teacher gives the children tasks and asks them to answer questions.
Watch the snow, what is it like?
Look at your mittens, what kind of snowflakes are there?
Pay attention to the beautiful cut out snowflakes and their different patterns.
Why are snowflakes cut out? Why do they melt on the palm of your hand?
Find two identical snowflakes.(No two are the same.)
Research activities
Observe where the snow melts faster - on your mitten or hand. Why? What is formed from snow?
14. “Observing the work of a janitor”
Goals : continue to observe the work of the janitor, cultivate love and respect for the work of the janitor, instill a love of nature.
Progress of observation :
I walk next to the janitor,
I'm shoveling snow around
And I help the guys
Make a slide, build a house.
What does a janitor do in the winter on the territory of a kindergarten?
What tools does he use for work?
How can a janitor help trees withstand cold and frost?
Is the work of a janitor necessary for people and nature? What does a janitor do at a kindergarten site in winter?
What tools does a janitor need at this time of year?
How can a street sweeper help trees in winter?
First winter snow
Lies like white fluff.
First light frost
Cheerful and invigorating.
15. Watching snowfall.
Goals : Develop observation skills,
Develop logical thinking
Progress of observation
Pay attention to snowfall.
“Snowflakes - stars are flying,
I look from under my hand.
Spinning, dancing in the air,
Fluffy and light.
The street became brighter
The village is more beautiful.
Snowflakes are flying and spinning,
Around white - white"
Explain that today is warmer than yesterday, there is no wind, so the snow is falling fluffy, big flakes: these are several snowflakes stuck together to form a large snowflake. Ask why in windy weather the snow falls fine, the snowflakes curl in the air, the snowflakes are prickly?
Catch a snowflake on a mitten and examine it.
Draw the children's attention to what snow falling on the ground looks like. (Children's answers).
Ask in which fairy tale snow is compared to a feather bed? What other fairy tales do you know where snow and winter are mentioned?
Offer to measure the snow cover in places of different depths (with a stick). Remind about the importance of snow cover for plants. Offer to collect snow near tree trunks.
16. Bird watching.
Target: consolidate knowledge about birds.
Progress of observation:
Pay attention to birds flying into the area.
Conversation.
Invite the children to name people they know. Remember poultry (ducks, geese, chickens, turkeys).
1) “I swam in water, but remained dry”
2) “Clucking, clucking,
Convenes children
He gathers everyone under his wing.”
3) “Whoever screams in the morning: Quack - quack!
And it’s not in vain that he’s swimming?”
4) “He will knock his nose on the ground,
He will flap his wing and scream.
Even sleepy he screams,
A restless screamer."
5) “On a winter day among the branches
The table is set for the guests."
How do they live in winter?
Why do wild ducks, geese, and swans fly south in the fall? (In winter, the water in reservoirs freezes, and these birds are waterfowl and feed mainly on fish).
What is the name of the story about how in the fall a wild duck's wing was broken and she could not fly south? What would have happened to this duck if people had not helped it survive?
Where do poultry live in winter?
What do poultry eat?
Who cooks their food?
Why are they called homemade?
Can they live without people?
How do domestic birds differ from wild birds?
How do wild birds live in winter?
Who helps in winter wild birds?
Offer to clean up the bird feeders and put out bird food.
17. Crow and Magpie Watching
Target: learn to compare a magpie and a crow, find distinctive features (appearance, voice, habits).
Progress of observation
The gray bird soared
She spread her black wings,
She croaked loudly,
Only the chicken left:
Under the wing of the corydalis
Hid the chickens!
From whom, guys?
Are the chickens hiding? (From the crow.)
She's long-tailed
Black from the back.
White belly up to the shoulders,
Rattling instead of speech.
At least he sees someone - instantly
Raises a chatter - a scream! (Magpie.)
People believe that if a crow's song does not resemble a croak, but resembles the purring of a kitten, this foretells the imminent arrival of spring. If a crow roosts for the night at the tips of the branches, it means the night will be warm; if the birds cling to the trunk, expect frost.
Crows and magpies spend the winter with us. The magpie builds a large, strong nest, which is covered on the sides and top with branches that form a high roof and give the structure a spherical shape. The roof serves as reliable protection from birds of prey and frost. To build a nest, the magpie uses the most unexpected materials: shiny objects, rags, wire, etc. The magpie is chattering and chirping. Thanks to the magpie, the inhabitants of the forest learn in advance about the approach of a predator or person and can take care of their safety.
Research activities
Look for traces of birds in the kindergarten area.
18. Observation of trees and shrubs
Target: expand and deepen knowledge about plants.
Progress of observation
After snowfalls, clear bushes and trees from heavy snow. Pay attention to caring for trees and shrubs. Why can’t you run near bushes or play near trees? Talk with children about trees: why they don’t grow in winter, how buds overwinter, do our trees need winter, why doesn’t birch grow in tropical forest? In frosty weather, listen to the trees cracking and creaking underfoot, and look at the trees in their winter gear. Why don't trees freeze in winter?(Cork layer, snow blanket, peace, no sap flow.)
What a miracle - winter forest,
How many fabulous miracles!
And in this fairy tale I am a forest one,
Is it a dream or a reality in front of me?
Here is a luxurious row of birch trees,
White shawls are burning
Silver - but to the side
Christmas tree girls in fur coats.
Oh, what silence
White-white country!
M. Stepanov
The teacher asks the children questions.
How are trees different from shrubs?
What are the names of trees that shed their leaves?
What benefits do trees and shrubs bring?
Research activities
Unearth deep snow where the grass grew. Under the snow cover you can see small green plants with weak leaves pressed to the ground. Lead the children to the conclusion that snow protects the soil, preventing it from cooling.
19. Vehicle surveillance
Target: consolidate knowledge about cars, be able to distinguish them by purpose.
Progress of observation
The teacher asks the children questions.
Name the cars you see on the roadway.
What groups can all transport be divided into?(Car, truck, public, special.)
Why are certain groups of cars called differently?
How do cars affect the environment?(Polluted with exhaust gases, gasoline stains on the asphalt.)
How is transport useful?(They will quickly deliver people to any part of the city.)
Why is transport harmful?(They honk in the morning, disturb sleep, and emit exhaust gases.)
Which cars make more noise and pollute the atmosphere more?(Freight.)
♦What kind of cars are there in our city? Why?
February
1. Weather observation
Target: consolidate knowledge about winter, the last month of winter - February.
Progress of observation
Remind me that it has started last month winter - February.
Read an excerpt from L. Zavalnyuk’s poem. "Winter".
How cold!
But suddenly a light from the sky
Sometimes it will break through..."
Mystery
“Snow is falling in bags from the sky,
They stand with the house snowdrifts,
Those are storms and blizzards
They attacked the village.
The frost is severe at night,
During the day, drops can be heard ringing.
The day has grown noticeably
Well, what month is this?”
Sign: “Father, February has arrived, the man has outgrown winter.”
Invite the children to stand near the wall of the kindergarten building, watch the snowstorm, listen to the howling of the wind.
Draw children's attention to the fact that the wind lifts snow into the air, swirls, carries it from place to place, forms sediments and snowdrifts.
Read an excerpt from A.S. Pushkin’s poem:
“The storm covers the sky with darkness,
Whirling snow whirlwinds.
The way she howls like a beast,
Then she will cry like a child.”
Conversation with children about people's lives in winter.
Game “Good - Bad” (about snow).
2. Observation seasonal changes
Goals :
form ideas about changes in nature;
be able to distinguish the characteristic signs of the end of winter (the first drop), recognize their signs in poetry;
strengthen the ability to perceive poetic descriptionwinter.
Progress of observation
The winds came from the south,
They brought warmth with them,
ANDthe snowdrifts have settled once,
At noon it started leaking from the roof.
February is the last month of winter. In February, the days become longer, sometimes the first timid drops ring, and long crystal icicles hang from the roofs. In February there are there is a thaw, the snow melts, it gets dark, and the snowdrifts settle and become lower.
The teacher asks the children riddles.
Hanging outside the window
Ice bag,
It's full of drops
ANDsmells like spring.(Icicle.)
She grows upside down
It grows not in summer, but in winter.
But the sun will bake her,
She will cry and die.(Icicle.)
Research activities
Pour snow into containers and place in the shade and sun. At the end of the walk, compare where the snow settled faster.
3. Watching a crow and a magpie
Target : reinforce the idea of the bird world,know their characteristic features.
Progress of observation
The teacher asks the children questions and conducts a conversation.
Guys, look what a guest we have on the site.(Crow.)
What do you know about her?
What is her character like?
Why don't people like crows?
What's positive about it?
The crow is called the gray robber. Many don't like? raven for impudence, thieves' habits. And yet we don’t have birds smarter, more cunning, more resourceful: they can open a package of milk, and soak a stale cracker in a puddle, and Walnut will split. And if anyone decides to crow's nest get close - beware. Neighbors from all over the area will gather, and together they will drive away with loud croaks. uninvited guest. Raven is the largest of the crow family. Raven and crow are completely different birds. You won't even see them together. Crow - forest bird. In many fairy tales the crow is called wise. Maybe because this bird lives up to a hundred years.
Do you know crow relatives?(Rook, jackdaw, magpie.)
What magpie?
What are the similarities and differences between a crow and a magpie?
You know the white-sided magpie well. Forest inhabitants respect the magpie. She has a long tail, flies everywhere, hears everything, knows everything. A magpie chirped in the bushes - animals and birds became wary and hid. "Danger, danger!" - the magpie chirps, and everyone understands its language.
4. Cloud watching
Goals :
expand ideas about the sky and its influence on the life of our planet;
develop the perception of the beauty and diversity of the celestial sphere.
Progress of observation
The teacher asks the children a riddle.
They fly without wings, they run without legs,
They sail without a sail.
(Clouds.)
Every day the sun heats the water in the seas and rivers, tiny droplets of water rise into the air and combine to form clouds. When water droplets in clouds become too heavy, they fall to the ground as rain. Clouds are cirrus and cumulus. Cirrus clouds appear in clear weather, and cumulus - before the rain or snowfall.
The teacher asks the children questions.
What types of clouds are there?
What are they formed from?
What do they look like?
Research activities Find clouds that look like horses. Compare Spindrift clouds and cumulus.
5. Watching the snow
Target: consolidate knowledge about snow and the properties of water.
Progress of observation:
Draw children's attention to the snow cover. Walk around the area and see how beautifully the familiar places are covered. Ask what is on the fence, wheels, logs, steps, veranda roof?
-Experiments with snow.
A) Place snow on your palm with or without a mitten
B) Problematic question: snow is white, can we say that it is clean?
Experience: put snow in a bucket, examine it, bring it to the group. Continue observing in the group after it melts.
Children draw their own conclusions.
6. Comparative observation of bullfinch and waxwing
Goals : using the example of comparing the bullfinch with the waxwing, study the features of their structure, lifestyle (feeding, movement);
cultivate an educational interest in birds.
Progress of observation
The teacher asks the children riddles and organizes a conversation.
Whose breast is brighter than the dawn?
(U bullfinch.)
Northern guests
Rowan berries are pecking at clusters.
So elegant and bright
There are tufts on the heads!
(Waxwing.)
What does a bullfinch look like?(U The male bullfinch's back is bluish-gray, the undertail is dazzling white, the tail and wings are black, and the breast is bright red. The female is more modestly colored - her breast is not scarlet, but dark gray.)
What does a waxwing look like?(Its plumage is elegant, pinkish-brown, lighter on the chest and belly and darker on the back. The waxwing’s head is decorated with perky silver-pink crests. And on the wings, as if drawn with a bright red pencil, there are even stripes.)
Invite the children to compare the bullfinch and the waxwing. What do they have in common?(Structure; these are migratory birds, i.e. they move from one place to another over a relatively short distance in search of food, wintering, rest; bright plumage; they are residents of the north; they love rowan berries.)
What is the difference between a bullfinch and a waxwing?(Size: the bullfinch is slightly larger than a sparrow, and the waxwing is the size of a starling, has a crest; the color of the plumage.)
Do we see these birds at the feeders? Why?(These birds can most often be seen on rowan, viburnum, and juniper bushes, as they feed on the berries and seeds of these plants.)
Is it possible to determine who fed on them by looking at the rowan berries scattered on the snow?(When eating rowan berries, waxwings drop most of them onto the snow, so you can find whole berries under the trees, while bullfinches eat only the seeds, throwing out the pulp. Therefore, under the tree on which the bullfinches fed, you can always find rowan berries with the middle eaten out.)
Do you know how bullfinches and waxwings behave?(Bullfinches are slow, clumsy, important, pugnacious, cocky birds. They leisurely fly in small flocks from tree to tree, slowly pecking Yag odes to rowan. Waxwings are cheerful, fast, nimble, hasty, timid; they fly in large flocks onto the rowan tree, clinging to it, greedily and hastily pecking at the rowan berries as if competing with each other.)
7. Excursion to the street
Target: consolidate children's knowledge about Vehicle Oh.
Progress of observation
Walking along the street, you should pay attention to the variety of vehicles: bus, truck, passenger car. Find out the purpose of each type of transport.
Drinks gasoline like milk
Can run far
Carries goods and people.
You are familiar with her, of course.
(Car)
V. Stepanov
8.Excursion to the store
Target: consolidate children's knowledge about the function of the store; clarify the functions of the cars driving up to the store (they bring bread, groceries, etc.)
Progress of observation
Covered wagons pull up to the store. Adults and children enter the store. Walk around the store and watch how goods are unloaded from the vans. Some cars bring bread and rolls, others bring milk and kefir. The vans are called: grain, vegetable.
9. Watching the snow
Target : form ideas about the changes that occur with snow at the end of winter.
Progress of observation
Winter sings and echoes,
Shaggy forest cradles
With the ringing of pine trees.
All around with deep melancholy
Sailing to a distant land
Gray clouds.
S. Yesenin
There is a sign: if crows and jackdaws sit on the tops of trees, there will be snowfall.
Winter is coming, snowdrifts grow and the snow cover gradually becomes dense. And here the sun warms up, and the wind does not forget about its work for a minute. Sometimes it flies in from the south and brings a thaw, and when frost hits after the thaw, a hard crust forms on the snow - crust. At such times, it is difficult for many animals to move through the snow and get food. Elk, deer and goats cut their feet with the sharp crust of snow and have difficulty digging out moss and leaves from under the crust. But the bunny has plenty of freedom! He walks on loose snow as if wearing felt boots, almost never falls through, and rushes across the crust as if on parquet. And no one can keep up with him.
The teacher asks the children questions.
♦Name the winter months.
♦What is the name of the thin crust of ice that appears on the snow?
♦How was it formed?
Research activities
Measure the depth of snow in open and sheltered areas of the kindergarten. Reply where more snow and why?
10. Excursion to the traffic light
Target: consolidate children's knowledge about the purpose of traffic lights and the designation of light signals.
Progress of observation
UtoLearn from children why a traffic light is needed and what its color signals mean. Green - you can go, red - stop, yellow - attention. Children carefully watch how the transport moves, noting that all drivers follow the rules, otherwise disaster will happen.
Come to the road
Right, look left.
Be careful if it's red
This means it’s dangerous for us to go.
And green means you can,
Well, yellow - be careful.
11. Fire truck
Target: clarify children's knowledge about appearance fire truck, about its purpose. Bring up careful attitude to matches: “Matches are not a toy for children.”
Progress of observation
Carefully examine the fire truck, pay attention to its color (red), tell what fire engine designed for extinguishing fires. It has many hoses for extinguishing fires, so that water flows through them. You need to be careful with fire: “Matches are not a toy for children.”
12. Sky watching
Target: clarify the features of the winter sky, teach children to compare the features of the autumn sky and the winter sky.
Progress of observation
The sky in winter can be blue, blue, gray. It's dark outside in the morning. In the evening it starts to get dark early. Before snowfall, the sky becomes dark, as if frowning.
The sky has frowned
(Probably not in a good mood).
They fly, they fly
White flies!
13. Watching the wind
Target: consider the characteristics of windy weather in winter.
Progress of observation
Blowing cold wind, people raise their collars. The wind lifts and swirls the snow. The wind howls and howls outside. Watch how the turntables spin in the wind, how the tops of the trees sway.
We are as light as feathers,
The breezes sway us.
We fly in a white flock,
We don’t want to lie down on the ground.
T.Volgina
14. Bird watching
Target: Form emotional responsiveness to communication with living beings. Develop a desire to help birds in winter.
Progress of observation
Sparrows fly in a flock. Birds are afraid to get close to humans and animals. You need to take care of the birds in winter, feed them, make feeders.
It's hard for birds to winter
We need to help the birds!
I asked you to cut it
spruce board,
I made it with my dad
Bird's canteen.
15. Watching the wind
Target: clarify children's knowledge about “blizzard” and “blizzard”.
Progress of observation
In windy weather, watch the low and fast moving clouds and swaying tree branches. Pay attention to how the wind lifts snow from the ground and carries it to another place, hitting the windows with force. Offer to listen to the howling of the wind. Explain that it is a blizzard.
The winds blow in February
The pipes howl loudly.
Like a snake rushes along the ground
Light drifting snow.
S.Marshak
There's a snowy bed in the field
Sweeps the bunnies...(blizzard).
16. Monitoring the work of the janitor
Target: To develop respect for the work of adults, to create a desire to come to the aid of others.
Progress of observation
Draw the children's attention to the work of the janitor. His shovel is wide, why? Invite children to help clear the sidewalk and area of the playground from snow.
There has been a lot of snow,
And everyone goes and goes...
The wipers are tired
Sweeping, sweeping, sweeping.
They rattle with shovels
Through shaggy clouds,
Whisks rustle
E. Blaginina