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Annual herbaceous plants of the genus Capsicum family Solanaceae ( Solanaceae), or its fruits. Agricultural vegetable crop. Varieties of capsicum are divided into sweet and bitter. The latter, known as red pepper, is given its spicy taste by the alkaloid capsaicin. Varieties with fruits of sweet taste - Sweet pepper. There are many varieties, for example, Bulgarian pepper.
Name
The plant is widely known under many Russian names: capsicum annua , red pepper , annual pepper , paprika, vegetable pepper. However, despite the frequent use of the word “pepper” in the name, the plant is not related to black pepper, which belongs to the genus Pepper ( Piper) family Pepperaceae ( Piperaceae).
Latin generic name Capsicum the plant received from lat. sapsa- bag, according to the shape of the fruit; species - lat. annuum- annual, annual from lat. Annus- year, which is determined by the lifespan of the plant during the growing season.
Botanical description
A perennial subshrub, in nature an annual vegetable plant.
Subspecies and varieties
Varieties
Economic importance and application
Food use
Green and red pepper fruits are used fresh and canned for stuffing (with meat and vegetables), for preparing lecho, as a seasoning for seasoning soups, for preparing dishes with stewed meat, various national dishes, vegetable salads, and sauces. Peppers can be pickled, grilled and salted.
Pharmacological properties and application
The fruits of bitter (hot) varieties of capsicum are used for medicinal purposes.
Capsicum preparations increase appetite, have irritating, distracting, and bactericidal properties. Externally, a number of drugs (plaster, tincture, liniment) have an analgesic, irritating effect, and prevent the appearance of bedsores, thinning and hair loss.
For medicinal purposes, a tincture of capsicum is used orally to increase appetite in case of hypoacid gastritis, achylia, and dysbacteriosis. The drug is part of the anti-frostbite ointment and liniments. Pepper patch serves as an anesthetic for radiculitis, neuralgia, myositis, lumbago, and plexitis. For a similar purpose, the drugs “Capsin” and “Captrin” are used.
The use of pepper is contraindicated for gastric ulcers and duodenum, for acute and chronic gastritis, enterocolitis, colitis, acute and chronic hepatitis, cholecystitis, as well as kidney diseases.
see also
- In the article Pepper Links are given to the main varieties of “peppers”.
- The Wiktionary entry pepper gives the basic meaning of the word and its etymology (origin).
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Notes
- For the convention of indicating the class of dicotyledons as a superior taxon for the group of plants described in this article, see the section “APG Systems” of the article “Dicotyledons”.
- The Russian name of the taxon is according to the following edition: Shroter A. I., Panasyuk V. A.= Dictionary of Plant Names / Int. union biol. Sciences, National Faculty of Biologists Russia, Vseros. Institute of Lec. and aromatic plants Ros. agricultural academies; Ed. prof. V. A. Bykova. - Koenigstein: Koeltz Scientific Books, 1999. - P. 144. - 1033 pp. - ISBN 3-87429-398-X.
- Capsicum- article from the Great Soviet Encyclopedia.
- Zhukovsky P. M. Cultivated plants and their relatives. - 3rd ed. - L.: Kolos, 1971. - 752 p.
- encyclopedic Dictionary Medicinal plants and products of animal origin: Proc. allowance / Ed. G.P. Yakovleva and K.F. Blinova. - St. Petersburg: Publishing house SPHVA, 2002. - P. 219. - ISBN 5-299-00209-2.
- Kaden N. N., Terentyeva N. N. Etymological dictionary of scientific names of vascular plants growing wild and bred in the USSR. Vol. 1. A. / ed. Associate Professor V.I. Miroshenkova. - Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov. - M: Moscow State University, 1979. - P. 159-160. - 228 p. - 550 copies.
- Sokolov S. Ya. Herbal medicine and phytopharmacologyː Guide for doctors. - M: Medical Information Agency, 2000. - 976 p.
- Medicinal plantsː Encyclopedic reference book= Medical Roslinyː Encyclopedic Guide / Ed. A.M. Grodzinsky. - Kyiv, 1989. - 544 p.
Links
- on the website of the Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K. A. Timiryazev
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Excerpt characterizing Capsicum
The princess thought, smiling thoughtfully (at which her face, illuminated by her radiant eyes, was completely transformed), and suddenly got up, walking heavily, and moved to the table. She took out the paper, and her hand quickly began to walk over it. This is what she wrote in response:“Chere et excellente ami.” Votre lettre du 13 m"a cause une grande joie. Vous m"aimez donc toujours, ma poetique Julie.
L"absence, dont vous dites tant de mal, n"a donc pas eu son influenza habituelle sur vous. Vous vous plaignez de l"absence - que devrai je dire moi, si j"osais me plaindre, privee de tous ceux qui me sont chers? Ah l si nous n"avions pas la religion pour nous consoler, la vie serait bien triste. Pourquoi me supposez vous un regard severe, quand vous me parlez de votre affection pour le jeune homme? Sous ce rapport je ne suis rigide que pour moi . Je comprends ces sentiments chez les autres et si je ne puis approuver ne les ayant jamais ressentis, je ne les condamiene pas. Me parait seulement que l"amour chretien, l"amour du prochain, l"amour pour ses ennemis est plus meritoire , plus doux et plus beau, que ne le sont les sentiments que peuvent inspire les beaux yeux d"un jeune homme a une jeune fille poetique et aimante comme vous.
“La nouvelle de la mort du comte Earless nous est parvenue avant votre lettre, et mon pere en a ete tres affecte. Il dit que c"etait avant derienier representant du grand siècle, et qu"a present c"est son tour; mais qu"il fera son possible pour que son tour vienne le plus tard possible. Que Dieu nous garde de ce terrible malheur! Je ne puis partager votre opinion sur Pierre que j"ai connu enfant. Il me paraissait toujours avoir un coeur excellent, et c"est la qualite que j"estime le plus dans les gens. Quant a son heritage et au role qu"y a joue le prince Basile, c"est bien triste pour tous les deux. Ah! chere amie, la parole de notre divin Sauveur qu"il est plus aise a un hameau de passer par le trou d"une aiguille, qu"il ne l "est a un riche d"entrer dans le royaume de Dieu, cette parole est terriblement vraie; je plains le prince Basile et je regrette encore davantage Pierre. Si jeune et accable de cette richesse, que de tentations n"aura t il pas a subir! Si on me demandait ce que je desirerais le plus au monde, ce serait d"etre plus pauvre que le plus pauvre des mendiants. Mille graces, chere amie, pour l "ouvrage que vous m" envoyez, et qui fait si grande fureur chez vous. Cependant, puisque vous me dites qu"au milieu de plusurs bonnes choses il y en a d"autres que la faible conception humaine ne peut atteindre, il me parait assez inutile de s"occuper d"une lecture intelligible, qui par la meme ne pourrait etre d"aucun fruit. Je n"ai jamais pu comprendre la passion qu"ont certaines personnes de s"embrouiller l"entendement, en s"attachant a des livres mystiques, qui n"elevent que des doutes dans leurs esprits, exaltant leur imagination et leur donnent un caractere d"exageration tout a fait contraire a la simplicite chretnne. Lisons les Apotres et l"Evangile. Ne cherchons pas a penetrer ce que ceux la renferment de mysterux, car, comment oserions nous, miserables pecheurs que nous sommes, pretendre a nous initier dans les secrets terribles et sacres de la Providence, tant que nous portons cette depouille charienelle, qui eleve entre nous et l"Eterienel un voile impenetrable? Borienons nous donc a etudr les principes sublimes que notre divin Sauveur nous a laisse pour notre conduite ici bas; cherchons a nous y conformer et a les suivre, persuadons nous que moins nous donnons d "essor a notre faible esprit humain et plus il est agreable a Dieu, Qui rejette toute science ne venant pas de Lui; que moins nous cherchons a approfondir ce qu "il Lui a plu de derober a notre connaissance,et plutot II nous en accordera la decouverte par Son divin esprit.
“Mon pere ne m"a pas parle du pretendant, mais il m"a dit seulement qu"il a recu une lettre et attendait une visite du prince Basile. Pour ce qui est du projet de Marieiage qui me regarde, je vous dirai, chere et excellente amie, que le Marieiage, selon moi, est une institution divine a laquelle il faut se conformer. Quelque penible que cela soit pour moi, si le Tout Puissant m"impose jamais les devoirs d"epouse et de mere, je tacherai de les remplir aussi fidelement que je le pourrai, sans m"inquieter de l"examen de mes sentiments a l"egard de celui qu"il me donnera pour epoux J"ai recu une lettre de mon frere, qui m"annonce son arrivee a Bald Mountains avec sa femme. Ce sera une joie de courte duree, puisqu"il nous quitte pour prendre part a cette malheureuse guerre, a laquelle nous sommes entraines Dieu sait, comment et pourquoi. Non seulement chez vous au center des affaires et du monde on ne parle que de guerre, mais ici, au milieu de ces travaux champetres et de ce calme de la nature, que les citadins se representent ordinairement a la campagne, les bruits de la guerre se font entendre et sentir peniblement. Mon pere ne parle que Marieche et contreMarieche, choses auxquelles je ne comprends rien; et avant hier en faisant ma promenade habituelle dans la rue du village, je fus temoin d"une scene dechirante... C"etait un convoi des recrues enroles chez nous et expedies pour l"armee... Il fallait voir l"etat dans lequel se trouvant Les meres, les femmes, les enfants des hommes qui partaient et entendre les sanglots des uns et des autres!
On dirait que l"humanite a oublie les lois de son divin Sauveur, Qui prechait l"amour et le pardon des offenses, et qu"elle fait consister son plus grand merite dans l"art de s"entretuer.
“Adieu, chere et bonne amie, que notre divin Sauveur et Sa tres Sainte Mere vous aient en Leur sainte et puissante garde. "Marie."
[Dear and priceless friend. Your letter of the 13th brought me great joy. You still love me, my poetic Julia. The separation, about which you say so many bad things, apparently did not have its usual influence on you. You complain about separation, what should I say if I dared - I, deprived of all those who are dear to me? Ah, if we didn’t have religion for consolation, life would be very sad. Why do you attribute a stern look to me when you talk about your inclination towards a young man? In this regard, I am only strict with myself. I understand these feelings in others, and if I cannot approve of them, having never experienced them, then I do not condemn them. It only seems to me that Christian love, love for one’s neighbor, love for enemies, is more worthy, sweeter and better than those feelings that beautiful eyes can inspire young man to a young girl, poetic and loving, like you.
The news of Count Bezukhov's death reached us before your letter, and my father was very touched by it. He says that this was the penultimate representative of the great century, and that now it is his turn, but that he will do everything in his power to ensure that this turn comes as late as possible. God save us from this misfortune.
I cannot share your opinion about Pierre, whom I knew as a child. It seemed to me that he always had a wonderful heart, and this is the quality that I value most in people. As for his inheritance and the role that Prince Vasily played in this, this is very sad for both. Ah, dear friend, the words of our Divine Savior, that it is easier for a camel to go through a needle’s ear than for a rich man to enter the kingdom of God - these words are terribly true. I feel sorry for Prince Vasily and even more for Pierre. So young to be burdened with such huge fortune, - how many temptations he will have to go through! If you were to ask me what I desire more than anything in the world, I want to be poorer than the poorest of the poor. I thank you a thousand times, dear friend, for the book that you send me and which makes so much noise with you. However, since you tell me that in it between many good things There are those that the weak human mind cannot comprehend, then it seems to me unnecessary to engage in incomprehensible reading, which for this reason could not bring any benefit. I have never been able to understand the passion that some people have to confuse their thoughts by becoming addicted to mystical books, which only arouse doubts in their minds, irritate their imagination and give them a character of exaggeration, completely contrary to Christian simplicity.
Let us read better the Apostles and the Gospel. Let us not try to penetrate what is mysterious in these books, for how can we, miserable sinners, know the terrible and sacred secrets of Providence as long as we carry on ourselves that fleshly shell that erects an impenetrable curtain between us and the Eternal? Let us confine ourselves rather to studying the great rules which our Divine Savior left us for our guidance here on earth; Let us try to follow them and try to make sure that the less we give our minds wildness, the more pleasing we will be to God, who rejects all knowledge that does not come from Him, and that the less we delve into what He wanted to hide from us, the sooner He will give us this discovery with His divine mind.
Pepper is an annual herbaceous plant of the Solanaceae family, as well as its fruits. It is worth distinguishing this crop from black pepper, the latter belongs to the Pepper family. Pepper is native to South and Central America. wild species This plant still grows in its tropical regions.
Pepper is considered one of the most ancient vegetables; it began to be cultivated several dozen centuries BC. After European sailors in the 15th century. came to Central America, the pepper became known in Europe.
The first pepper fruits appeared in Europe thanks to the Columbus expedition. And it began to be grown as a vegetable crop a few years later. After Europe, pepper came to Turkey, from there to Bulgaria, then Moldova, Ukraine and the southern regions of Russia.
❧ Peppers do not contain enzymes that destroy vitamins during canning. Therefore, in winter, a canned home priest will bring almost as much benefit as fresh vegetables in summer time.
At first, this vegetable was a real rarity; it was grown primarily as medicinal plant with a high content of vitamins in fruits. Then the taste qualities of the pepper were appreciated, and breeding work began with it. As a result, this vegetable was able to grow in harsher conditions than in its homeland, its fruits became larger and tastier. It was also possible to increase the yield of pepper. Currently, pepper is very popular, so breeding work continues to this day.
Pepper varieties are divided into sweet and hot or bitter.
Beneficial properties of pepper
Some varieties of sweet peppers contain more vitamin C than lemons or currants. In addition, pepper is rich in vitamins P, B, E, phosphorus, magnesium, fiber, iron, potassium, and essential oils. The heat of hot peppers comes from the alkaloid capsaicin, which has a beneficial effect on the functioning of the circulatory system and helps with colds and respiratory diseases. Sweet peppers contain very little capsaicin, some varieties are completely devoid of it, so if there are no contraindications, sweet peppers can be consumed together with hot ones.
Bell pepper
Also called bell pepper. It is one of the most valuable vegetable crops. No vegetable contains as much vitamin C as bell peppers. In terms of vitamin A content, peppers can be compared to carrots. It is also rich in rutin, sugars, B vitamins and essential oils.
Sweet and bitter peppers should not be planted side by side, otherwise the fruits of the sweet peppers will be hot.
On the page we will tell you everything about peppers, varieties, preparation and much more.
Chushkata lyuta, pak lyuta (Bulgarian proverb about pepper)
Bulgarian Piper
So, let's figure out what kind of fruit (or berry?) bell pepper is and what it is eaten with ;-).
In the title of the page I wrote that in Bulgarian “bell pepper” sounds and is translated as “Bulgarska piper”. If you translate it according to words, then it is so, but in reality they say differently about bell peppers in Bulgaria. And even Google translator, when translated from Bulgarian into Russian, will simply give out “piper”, omitting the word “Bulgarian”, as in other things from Russian to English translator It will also show the word "piper", without the word "Bulgarian". What are bell peppers and other peppers called in different countries? Americans and British simply call him pepper, adding color red pepper(red pepper), green pepper (green pepper). Australians, Malaysians and New Zealanders are capsicum (from the biological tribe - capsicum genus Solanaceae). Europe calls pepper as a spice - paprika. In Holland, adding color results in grouene paprika if green and gele paprika if yellow pepper. In France, pepper sounds like - poivron, piment, in Brazil - pimentão pepper, in Argentina bell pepper - morron, and in Egypt green pepper - filfil akhdar.
Why bell pepper?
Bell pepper is called bell pepper only in Russia, or in the vast expanses of the former USSR by the Russian-speaking population. And all because earlier, in the era of developed socialism, in the USSR, Bulgaria was the main supplier of pepper, hence the popular name for pepper - bell pepper. However, in the USSR, not only pepper was called Bulgarian, but also, for example, an angle grinder, popularly called “grinder”. So now let’s see what the all-knowing Wikipedia tells us about the varieties of pepper.
Genus and types of pepper (including bell pepper)
There are bitter, spicy (and even very!), and sweet. In total, “peppers” as a plant genus are a dime a dozen, about 1,500 varieties! (wow, that's a lot). I’ll try to list the main genera and types of pepper, which is scientifically called (in Latin) Piper, or simply Pepper:
Pepper is a genus of plants in the Pepper family, of which there are more than 1,500 species, from herbs to shrubs and vines.
![](https://i2.wp.com/infobg.ru/images/pepper/pipper_nigrum.jpg)
They grow mainly in the tropics, as well as in tropical America and East Asia. By the way, “our” bell pepper does not belong here. Another feature of peppers (it’s not for nothing that “tough guys” are also called “peppers”) is that they usually dominate the rest of the vegetation. The fruits of pepper plants usually have a round, pea-like shape and are carried in nature by various birds, small mammals (how can they not eat it spicy?). I will list only part of the 1500 varieties of the Pepper genus:
Piper nigrum
Most famous plant, which is grown for its fruit, the spice is consumed both in pea and ground form. It grows in India in the form of a vine up to 15 meters, bears fruits 2 times a year for 25-30 years. The hot substance in pepper is the alkaloid piperine (5-9%). Improves appetite, promotes digestion.
Cubeba
![](https://i2.wp.com/infobg.ru/images/pepper/pipper_cubeba.jpg)
Piper cubeba is used less in both Europe and Russia. It grows as a climbing shrub in Indonesia - on the islands of Java, Sumatra and Borneo. The most aromatic of all existing peppers. Ancient Indians used it in folk medicine for the treatment of the genitourinary tract, now in Europe it is used in pharmaceuticals. Instead of piperine (black p.), it contains cubebin and essences (12%) with the smell of camphor.
Kava-kava or intoxicating
Piper methysticum - interesting plant, in which the roots are used. Polynesians have been chewing the roots of this pepper for more than 2,000 years, which have an intoxicating effect. Tea from this plant is very popular in America, as it has a soothing and tonic effect. In medicine, an extract is made from the roots with a calming and hypnotic effect.
I took it and after half an hour you fall asleep in a deep sleep, and when you wake up you feel that you have had enough sleep, you are alert and active. But it cannot be used often; extracts are made on the basis of alcohol, ethanol or acetone and less on water. This has an effect on the liver, which is why in a number of countries: Ukraine, Russia, kava-kava pepper extract is prohibited. And in Russia it is generally ranked among the potent and toxic substances, the purchase will be considered contraband.
Long pepper
![](https://i0.wp.com/infobg.ru/images/pepper/piper_longum.jpg)
Piper longum - like cubeba, native to Indonesia, and like black pepper, contains piperine. The fruits are long (about half the size of a matchstick) and are used in India, Indonesia, and Malaysia as a spice.
Lolot
Piper lolot is also a rare spice in Europe, mainly used by the Vietnamese, Thais, and Laotians using the leaves. They are used to wrap meat in cooking or in medicine against snake bites, to treat inflammation, and indigestion.
Peppers are a genus of plants in the Solanaceae family (Capsicumaceae)
These capsicums are like dirt (sorry for the comparison) and vegetable (bell pepper is one of them), cayenne (chili pepper, hot, bitter), berry, Chinese (habanero), pubesense. The common name for these peppers is capsicum. There are from 31 to 40 types:
Hot red pepper, also known as chili
![](https://i1.wp.com/infobg.ru/images/pepper/piper_annuum.jpg)
Piper annuum - the fiery taste of small pods of cayenne pepper; the hottest varieties are called chili. Chili is not from the country of Chile but from the Aztec language, and chilli translates as red. It is more pungent than vegetable, from capsaicin. Red pepper contains a lot of vitamin C, A, B, potassium, magnesium, and iron. If you suddenly bite too much of a very hot pepper, then it is useless to wash down the burning sensation with water; you need to drink milk or eat yogurt. In medicine, they make a pepper patch. Red pepper is used for shocks, heart attacks, and bleeding, especially stomach bleeding. Poor blood circulation in the legs is treated with hot baths with pepper solution.
Chinese peppers, also known as habanero peppers
![](https://i0.wp.com/infobg.ru/images/pepper/piper_chinense.jpg)
Piper chinense are small, irregularly shaped fruits that are the sharpest of the legumes. Scientists mistakenly believed that bell pepper came from China, hence the name, but its homeland is South America. It grows freely in Brazil, Colombia, Mexico and the Caribbean and loves tropical climates.
Vegetable pepper
Piper annuum - this is the bell pepper, in addition, there are many varieties, both sweet and bitter (the pungent taste is due to capsaicin). The homeland of the vegetable bell pepper is not Bulgaria but America, where it flourishes wildly in tropical areas.
![](https://i1.wp.com/infobg.ru/images/pepper/peper_red_all.jpg)
Growing sweet peppers
The optimal temperature for growing bell peppers is 18 - 25 degrees. Peppers love highly fertile soils (such as in Bulgaria) and moisture. Sweet peppers in industrial scale practice in Ukraine, the North Caucasus, Transcaucasia, Moldova, Central Asia and, of course, Bulgaria. In Russia it is cultivated mainly on household plots and in pots at home (small-fruited). Most likely, bell pepper grows in greenhouses and greenhouses, planted as seedlings or seeds where it is warmer. 40-60 thousand plants are planted per 1 hectare. Hot peppers are harvested 2 times a year, the harvest can be 200 centners per hectare. Bell pepper They are harvested from 4 to 15 times per season, yielding up to 300 centners per hectare. Crop pests: caradrina, tomato or cotton bollworm, nematodes, rot, viruses. The most common fruit is a large, thick, completely square fruit that comes in a variety of colors: bright red, yellow, green and white (ripe green fruit). In Bulgaria they call this fruit - pig!
Varieties of bell pepper
In Bulgaria greatest distribution The following varieties of bell pepper were obtained:
- Kamba
- Kapia
- Sivria
- Ratund
- Chorbadzhiysk pig
Bell pepper color
![](https://i2.wp.com/infobg.ru/images/pepper/peper_green.jpg)
Peppers can be red, yellow, orange, green, purple and rarely almost black. Which one is preferable?
Green peppers are not ripe, so the taste may be tart and even slightly bitter. Green peppers are not very suitable for cooking vegetable stew, after cooking it may taste a little bitter. Green peppers contain the most phytosterols, which reduce the level of bad cholesterol in human blood. Well, it is also lower in calories compared to other colored peppers.
![](https://i0.wp.com/infobg.ru/images/pepper/peper_red.jpg)
Red fruits are sweeter than their other counterparts; in addition, red peppers contain the most vitamin C. Peppers become red because they contain large quantities contains carotene and lycopene.
Orange pepper contains slightly less element C than red pepper.
Yellow peppers contain a lot of carotenoids, which give them yellow. Yellow peppers contain more potassium than other bell pepper colors. It is recommended for those who have heart problems. And yellow also has a higher phosphorus content than other colors (for bones, kidneys and cell growth).
The fruits are dark purple and completely black; they taste like green ones; you need to eat peppers fresh, because they turn green when fried or stewed.
Almost black is not the black, real pepper that grows in India and other warm countries and from which very hot spices are prepared (spices are also prepared from white pepper).
![](https://i2.wp.com/infobg.ru/images/pepper/peper_yellow.jpg)
Bell peppers of any color are suitable for fresh consumption and in salads.
Composition of bell pepper
Bell pepper 100 gr. contains - 20 calories, cholesterol 0 mg., vitamin C 80 mg. (maximum up to 500 mg), carbohydrates (capsaicin, sugar 2.4 g.) 4.6 g., proteins 0.9 g., carotene 14 mg., calcium 10 mg., vitamins P, B1, B2, essential (1, 5%) fats 0.2 gr. (fatty oil in seeds up to 10%). About vitamins, it must be said that they themselves are not a source of energy for our body, they simply regulate metabolism, participate in various chemical processes in the body, thereby allowing the body to function correctly and thereby get sick to a lesser extent. Moreover, vitamins can be water-soluble (this is C, and all B vitamins) and fat-soluble (this is A, E, D, K). The Internet is full of information about vitamins.
Let's focus only on vitamin C, which is abundant in bell peppers. Element C is involved in the processes of skin respiration, the exchange of protein blocks, and helps to absorb carbohydrates. “C” is also called ascorbic acid, anti-scorbutic vitamin, anti-scorbutic vitamin. Ascorbic acid increases the body's immunity, preserves collagen - a protein that is the basis of connective tissues (strengthens blood vessels, human tendons). “C” normalizes cholesterol in our blood, helps the body absorb iron and, therefore, puts the blood in order. Plus, it helps the body produce adrenaline. So, on average, a person needs from 30 mg (infants) to approximately 110 mg (pregnant women, they have a vitamin C deficiency of about 65% during pregnancy).
How much “C” we need is contained in various products? In first place is rose hips, which contains about 470 mg. (dry up to 1200 mg), but the honorable second place is taken by “our” favorite bell pepper 250 mg, then in third place are black currants and sea buckthorn 200 mg each, and then all the rest, lemon, parsley, porcini mushrooms dried, Brussels sprouts, dill, wild garlic, red rowan, etc. The quantity is indicated based on 100 grams of vegetables. Please note that red bell peppers contain more vitamin C than green bell peppers, and there is also more vitamin C in the seeds and near the stalk.
And in general, consuming natural products is better than various advertised dietary supplements. But it is better to eat fresh foods (including bell peppers), as they contain more vitamin C than heat-treated ones.
What's the smartest way to preserve vitamin C in bell peppers? The main enemy is oxygen, so if you heat-treat peppers, then reduce the access of oxygen - close the lids, fat also prevents oxygen from penetrating inside, do not cook for long. Try to cook the pepper whole, without cutting it, because when cutting the fruit, oxygen actively destroys the vitamin. One more note: in an alkaline and neutral environment, the vitamin is destroyed more than in an acidic environment. Pepper in sauerkraut and apples retains vitamin C better. And do not keep pepper in water for a long time, it is also an enemy of vitamin C. Well last enemy which I forgot to mention is smoking, smoking requires additional consumption of vitamin C so that it is normal in the body.
Canning peppers:
![](https://i1.wp.com/infobg.ru/images/pepper/pipper_nice.jpg)
Pickled pepper:
- Adjika with bell pepper
- Pickled sweet pepper
Pepper seasonings:
Roasted Bell Peppers:
Pepper for the winter
Fresh pepper can simply sit in the refrigerator for a maximum of a week, while it fades and its beneficial properties decrease, which raises the following question. How to prepare and store peppers for the winter? One recipe for cooking pepper, when you have enough of it, is this:
We take bell peppers and cut off the “lid”, then remove the seeds from the pepper carcass, while trying to preserve the pepper carcass. Then we lower the pieces into boiling water for half a minute, no longer, so that the peppers retain their shape, do not bend over the floors, or break. After the pepper carcasses have cooled, we insert the carcasses one into the other, so they take up less space and are better preserved. Then we put the long rows of pepper carcasses together with their “lids” into a clean bag (preferably a tight one) and put it in the freezer.
At the same time, take into account this factor - the package should contain the portion you need, so as not to freeze the rest a second time. Repeated freezing will kill a significant amount of the beneficial elements in the pepper. That’s all, in winter you can take it out, defrost it (it’s better to take longer at room temperature and not in the microwave or in water) and cook your favorite dishes from them, including stuffing, the carcass is whole and the lid is available.
Drying sweet peppers
Peppers can be perfectly dried, both hot and sweet. See about drying sweet peppers. The page describes a method for drying sweet bell peppers and includes a video.