Modernization of Russian weapons abroad. Tank breakthrough: how is the modernization of the main combat vehicles of the Russian army
It is reported that the Mytishchi City Court did not consider the materials of the case against the Polish journalist Matseychuk and returned all the materials to the representative of the Federal Migration Service (UFMS) of Russia for the Moscow Region due to perceived violations.
“They let me go. Judgment on Thursday at 3:00 pm. They can be deported from Russia to the European Union,” Matseychuk wrote.
Recall that Matseychuk is known to Russian viewers on such TV shows and political talk shows as “Time Will Show”, “First Studio”, “Meeting Place”, in which he quite often takes part. The Polish journalist also became famous for his anti-Russian statements.
As previously reported IA REGNUM, during the detention, Matseychuk, who lives in Mytishchi, near Moscow, was also searched as part of a criminal case on inciting ethnic hatred. Matseychuk claims that the search yielded no results.
According to users, Matseychuk has long crossed the line in his statements about Russia. They believe that the scandalous journalist should not have been allowed to spread Russophobic ideas so openly and should have been detained even earlier.
"It is high time! Suitcase, train station, Warsaw!” — written by Eugene J.
At the same time, the network hopes that the same fate will befall other "experts" who appear on Russian television with anti-Russian slogans. Many users remember the Ukrainian political scientist Glory to Kovtun, American journalist Michael Bohm, Polish political scientist Yakuba Koreybu and Ukrainian political scientist Dmitry Suvorov.
“I hope the same fate awaits Mr. Kovtun, Koreyba, Suvorov and other Russophobes from Russian federal channels,” writes Swiss Vatnik.
“Now the foreign television “whipping boys” Kovtun, Bom and Koreiba should tighten up,” commented user Regimental Commander.
Some users think that Russian media should not invite such experts on the air. At the same time, they note that, most likely, such Russophobic statements will continue to be heard from blue screens, since it is thanks to them that TV channels increase their ratings.
“Still, the media should be warned for this kind of “invitation to the air”. And then, it seems to me, the holy place will not be empty! - considers the user BesConscience.
“How can a country allow itself to be insulted at home on its TV and then wonder why it is not respected in the world? 'Cause she's got a shit show (edited) IA REGNUM) such a rating! Honor is nothing! Rating is everything! Evgeniya K. said
After the search, Matseychuk was detained and taken to the police department. Some users believe that these are unnecessary actions, since everything was clear about his views before. In their opinion, the Polish journalist should have simply been expelled from the territory of Russia.
“I saw in the tape that Tomasz Maciejchuk was being searched. What for? And so it is not clear who he is? Have you listened to a lot of him on TV? They would give him a few hours to leave the country without the right to enter, and that’s all, ”the Voice of Mordor user believes.
There were also those users who came to the defense of Matseychuk. In their opinion, he did not sow interethnic discord at all, but allegedly spoke the truth and called all things by their proper names.
“Tomasz called the red fascists red fascists. Naturally, someone was offended by the truth and denounced him, ”writes Evil Volgograd.
“This state is not viable until it releases its bloody past. Tomas - strength! Supported by Alexander P.
As a reminder, today, February 27, at rented apartment Matseychuk was searched as part of the investigation of the case under the article “Inciting hatred or enmity, as well as humiliation of human dignity.” The reason was a clipping from the TV broadcast, which was posted by a certain Elena Z. from Kaliningrad on her page on VKontakte. The video called “Matseychuk insults Givi” was recognized as inciting hatred towards Russia.
During the search, a certificate of honor from the punitive battalion "Donbass" was found at Matseychuk's for material and moral support, as well as gratitude from the battalion "Saint Mary" for helping the soldiers. Now the journalist is being taken to court to make a decision on deportation.
Questions:
- The main priorities of the modernization of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.
- Prospects for equipping the Armed Forces with weapons and equipment.
Currently, the world objectively exists and in the foreseeable future there will be forces and factors whose action can lead to military clashes. In this situation, Russia, in order to acquire and consolidate the status of one of the leading world powers, must take several priority steps. Firstly, to use all possible peaceful means to prevent military conflicts, and secondly, to keep constant readiness to use the military organization of the state, the basis of which is the Armed Forces, to deter and repel possible aggression against the country and its allies, to protect its own political and economic interests. The use of military force by the Russian Federation is regarded as a forced last resort, expedient only if all other possibilities have been exhausted. Interaction with various international institutions greatly facilitates the implementation of Russia's foreign policy goals, but does not provide a full and unconditional guarantee of security. It can only be provided by the presence of a highly effective army and navy.
The country's leadership has a clear program for the development and improvement of the effectiveness of the Armed Forces, based on a realistic understanding of the capabilities of the state, as well as the tasks that Russia faces in the process of its integration into the modern system of international relations.
The leading states of the world are on the verge of a new post-industrial stage of development, which, according to some experts, can be overcome at the turn of the 2020s. Russia's rivalry with other countries for a leading role and a worthy place in the new geo-economic division of labor, the possibility of using the most significant values and resources of both the post-industrial world space - technologies, information, educated personnel, fresh water, ecologically clean territories, and other resources of the Earth, the near and deep space - requires powerful modern Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.
1
The development of the current international situation and the persistence of threats to the security of the Russian Federation, including those around our borders, require a comprehensive modernization of the Armed Forces within the framework of the designated priorities for their development. In this regard, the President of the Russian Federation in September 2008 set the task of forming a new image of the Russian army.
As part of the creation of a new look, the Armed Forces acquired new structure, a new military planning system, and updated systems training and supply of troops. A new combat structure of the Armed Forces has been created with an established strength of one million servicemen, six military districts have been reorganized into four. The created military districts are powerful interspecific groupings of troops in strategic directions: south, west, center and east. The systems of combat readiness for command and control, logistics and training of troops have been fundamentally updated. The system of the Ministry of Defense clearly separates operational and support functions. Two areas of responsibility have been formed: the first is the planning, use and development of the Armed Forces; the second is to ensure the activities of the army and navy.
Among the most significant structural changes is the creation on December 1, 2011 of a new type of troops of the Armed Russian Federation - the Aerospace Defense Troops. They combine the capabilities of anti-aircraft and missile defense, missile attack warning and control spacespace. Such integration of systems will make it possible to intercept any targets at speeds up to hypersonic both in the air and in space. In addition, in 2010 a unified system of logistics for troops with weapons was formed, military equipment, ammunition, fuel, food, clothing and other property, the stock storage system has been optimized material resources. In the military districts and fleets, complex bases and logistics support brigades have been formed, compactly located in the areas of deployment of formations and units.
At the same time, there is still a lot to be done so that the structure, weapons, combat capabilities army and navy in line with modern requirements. The main priorities for the modernization of the Russian Armed Forces are: equipping troops with new types of weapons and mastering them by the personnel of the army and navy, giving the process of command and control of troops a new quality and securing a new status officers in society.
The formation of the Aerospace Defense Forces marked the beginning of the creation of a unified system of the country's aerospace defense. Its structure and composition should take into account the state and nature of the agreement with the US and NATO on issues of strategic offensive and defensive weapons, in particular, Russia's participation or non-participation in the creation of a European missile defense system.
As part of the improvement of the structure of the Armed Forces in 2012 the military should start functioning police. She will take on the tasks of maintaining discipline and order in the garrisons, guarding cargo and facilities, interrogation, etc. The number of military police can be about 20 thousand people.
The military police today operates in more than 40 armies of the world, including in the USA, Germany, France, Great Britain, and China. On post-Soviet space this institution exists in the armed forces of Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, as well as in the armies of the Baltic states.
In the interests of improving the quality of troop command and control, the development and implementation of promising automated systems for command and control of troops and weapons of various command and control levels, common for all types and arms of the troops, will continue. Management tasks are planned to be worked out during the exercises, including with the involvement of government bodies, units and subdivisions of Russia's partners in the Organization of the Treaty on collective security. By 2015, a new control system "close to artificial intelligence" will be created in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. It will manage not only the army, but also all law enforcement agencies using the Russian global satellite navigation system GLONASS, as well as satellite and unmanned vehicles observations.
It is planned to further improve the infrastructure of the Armed Forces in various components. A new system of basing troops is being formed. In the interests of its creation, the system of military camps, the airfield network, the network of naval bases and fleet bases are being optimized. Taking into account the dislocation of parts, several large air bases, at each airbase the number of aircraft will increase by 2.5-3 times. This will increase the mobility of aviation groupings and will make it possible to create a military infrastructure echeloned along the main strategic directions. In order to optimally accommodate military personnel, it is envisaged to drastically reduce the number of military camps. In each of them, the number of equipment will increase up to seven times, military personnel - up to ten. The complex arrangement of typical basic military camps includes the construction of social facilities: catering facilities, clinics with a hospital, physical culture and sports facilities, shops, leisure centers, Internet libraries, mini-cinemas, post offices, pharmacies, bank branches, etc. Base towns will be located near major cities. This will open access for military personnel and members of their families to educational and cultural centers.
Particular attention is paid to remote military camps. It is planned to provide them with a package of modern information and telecommunication services in the future: high-speed Internet, digital television and telephony.
The storage system for stockpiles of missiles and ammunition will be optimized. As a result of aging, it is necessary to destroy about 74 thousand wagons of these explosive objects. More than 35,000 railcars of missiles, ammunition and explosives are to be removed from the arsenals located in the cities by 2015.
By the end of 2012, the information and telecommunications infrastructure of the Armed Forces will be modernized, replacing outdated analog equipment with digital.
A line of radio stations of the sixth generation is being developed. In 2011, deliveries of new portable radio stations to the troops began. The deployment of a promising constellation of military communications satellites has begun, the creation of which is planned to be completed by 2018.
To ensure full-fledged combat training, troops are exempted from functions that are unusual for them. All economic tasks in the army and navy since January 1, 2012 are carried out by third-party organizations through outsourcing. The following functions are transferred to civil sector enterprises: maintenance and repair of equipment; security personnel catering and bath and laundry services; transportation of goods, bunkering of ships; complex aerodrome operational maintenance of aircraft; operation of communal infrastructure. In 2012, it is planned to completely abandon the involvement of personnel in the implementation of chores and other non-core activities. Repair of military equipment will also be carried out by third parties.
In 2012, the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation are switching to new system contract service of sergeants and privates. It provides for other approaches to stimulating military personnel, their multi-level selection and training.
The formation of a new image of the Armed Forces will require the reorganization of the military education system in the interests of staffing the RF Armed Forces with comprehensively trained officers who are able to independently use modern weapons and modern equipment, and who are also able to teach this to soldiers who are now serving on conscription for only one year. In order to solve this problem, the following measures will be implemented:
1) A new quality of military education will be ensured through the use of unified approaches to training in military and civilian schools. To do this, it is necessary to change the selection system for military universities, in particular, additional types of testing for applicants will be introduced.
Primary-level officers are supposed to be trained according to specialist training programs. To this end, military educational institutions, together with the best civilian universities and enterprises of the military-industrial complex, will develop new federal state educational standards. The training of senior officers will be carried out in the system of additional professional education. It is planned to create a system of continuous professional education for officers, providing for the training of servicemen for each new position. great attention paid attention to the training of professional sergeants. Their training will be carried out in 19 universities and branches, as well as in the Training Center for sergeants in the city of Ryazan.
2) The network and capacity of military educational institutions will be brought into line with the existing parameters of the personnel order. As part of this task, the process of consolidation of universities will continue.
One of the important directions in reforming the Armed Forces is the improvement of the troop recruitment system. As attractive conditions for military service are created, it is planned to increase the proportion of contract servicemen. AT short term positions of soldiers and sergeants will be completed according to a mixed principle.
As part of the increase social status officers from January 1, 2012, a law came into force that significantly increases the level of pay for military personnel and the level pension provision measures have been taken to provide these categories of citizens with permanent housing. It is planned to further improve the system of incentives for military personnel through the introduction of new incentive bonuses.
In the near future, it is planned to provide military personnel with permanent housing, as well as to form a service housing fund for military personnel.
The Ministry of Defense will continue the implementation of the departmental target program "Implementation of social guarantees for military personnel dismissed from military service." At present, 15 military educational institutions and 34 branches are participating in it, where it is possible to master 250 civilian specialties.
The Ministry of Defense will also continue to assist retired military personnel in their employment after being transferred to the reserve.
In order to consolidate the high social status of military personnel, it is planned to continue work on improving legislation on military service, which would be aimed at increasing the motivation of military personnel to conscientiously perform their duties, observing the principles of equality during military service, and providing social guarantees to military personnel. To this end, work is currently underway on a draft federal law on military service In Russian federation.
2
The task of equipping the troops with modern weapons and military equipment remains a priority among the rest. This means that the latest achievements of "science, advanced technical solutions, materials and technologies, they will meet or exceed the best foreign models in all major performance characteristics. In recent years, there have been positive developments in solving this problem. The volume of deliveries of modern types of weapons to the troops has increased, in 2010 their share increased by 15%. For the unconditional and complete fulfillment of this task, it is necessary to implement the new State Armaments Program (SAP) for the period 2011-2020 as efficiently as possible. Almost 20 trillion rubles will be allocated to ensure it, which will make it possible to bring the provision of the Armed Forces with weapons and military equipment to 100% by 2016, and modern designs- up to 30%. By 2020, the share of modern weapons and modern equipment in the troops should be brought to a level of at least 70%, including in the forces general purpose- up to 60-70 percent, in strategic nuclear forces ah - up to 70-80 percent. Measures to develop Russia's military-industrial complex, which are carried out within the framework of the new federal target program for its development, are also aimed at fulfilling the SAP.
One of the most important areas of modernization of weapons and equipment is the modernization of strategic offensive and defensive systems. Within ten years, the Strategic Missile Forces will be completely modernized by replacing obsolete Stiletto and Topol missiles with the latest Yare and Topol-M. To solve the problem of breaking through the existing and prospective missile defense system that the United States and its allies have, the creators of the new systems provided for such characteristics that make it possible to speak of the invulnerability of our new missiles in all areas of their fist. New ICBMs have the means and properties that make it as difficult as possible for the enemy to hit missiles and warheads during the flight.
New ICBMs have the shortest possible boost phase, which is much shorter in duration than older types of missiles. During the flight, missiles and warheads (each new missile has several of them), made with the maximum reduced self-radiation of all wavelengths, are accompanied by decoys and active jamming stations, vigorously maneuver in height and course, which makes it impossible to identify them and predict the point meeting for interception.
In the near future, work will begin on the creation of the latest hundred-ton silo-based ICBM. New rocket will replace the world-famous heavy ballistic missile R-36M2 "Voevoda", known in the West under the name "Satan".
Similar solutions have been applied to the new Bulava sea-based ICBM. It is assumed that in the near future it will become the basis of Russia's naval strategic nuclear forces, and new submarines are already being built for this missile. On the head missile cruiser "Yuri Dolgoruky" will place 12 silos with missiles "Bulava". In addition, by 2020, several new Yasen-type multi-purpose nuclear submarines will be introduced into the Navy's combat strength.
Within the framework of the SAP until 2020, all early warning radars of the missile attack warning system, which are part of the Russian attack warning system, will be replaced with stations of a new generation. At the end of 2011, the Voronezh station, which took up experimental combat duty near Kaliningrad, became part of the Aerospace Defense Forces, has a range of 6,000 kilometers and can simultaneously control 500 objects.
The Armed Forces will continue to be equipped with new modern missile and aviation systems. In 2012, the Aerospace Defense Forces will take into operation the next divisional anti-aircraft complex missile systems S-400, the fleet of naval aviation will be replenished with 28 MiG-29K and MiG-29 KUB shipborne fighters, and deliveries of Yak-130 combat trainer aircraft will continue for the Air Force. Until 2020, 65 such aircraft will be delivered, which will provide for the priority needs in the training of combat aviation pilots. The delivery of new Yak-130s creates the conditions for pilots to master new generation combat aircraft ordered by the Russian Air Force. Due to the rather high combat capabilities of the Yak-130, it is possible to work out the real use of many types of aviation armament, and not only uncontrolled, but also high-precision, as well as reprogram the control system in order to accurately simulate a specific type of combat aircraft.
The Su-35S and Su-30SM fighters will be the first among the new generation combat aircraft entering the Air Force, then they will be joined by aircraft created under the advanced aviation complex front-line aviation (PAK FA). Serial purchase of PAK FA (T-50) for the Russian Air Force will begin in 2016. The T-50 aircraft is distinguished by high intellectualization of onboard equipment, super-maneuverability, will be able to take off and land on runways 300-400 meters long, is capable of performing combat missions in any weather and time of day.
The missiles of the S-400 Triumph and S-300V-4 anti-aircraft missile systems supplied to the troops are capable of hitting targets at a distance of 400 km and an altitude of 35 km, and the systems themselves are highly mobile and combat ready: from the march they are brought into combat position in all in five minutes.
The state armaments program, designed for the period up to 2020, provides for the development of new grenade-launcher and flamethrower weapons for the Ground Forces. It is planned to create a single multi-caliber grenade launcher complex for all types of troops, which should replace the RShG-1, RShG-2, RPG-7, RPG-29 grenade launchers and others.
In the period up to 2020, research and development work will be completed, as a result of which a large number of various systems, complexes and models of weapons, military and special equipment and military equipment. So, in particular, the equipment of a soldier of the future will include about 10 different subsystems, including: weapon, body armor, communication equipment, ammunition, data exchange devices and others.
For military vehicles, a single unified new generation vehicle platform will be developed. Its technical appearance will be significantly different from modern models. The frame-panel cabin will be equipped with bulletproof and mine protection. An armored functional module, a container body, and a loading platform should be installed on the new generation chassis.
Some of the most high-tech weapons supplied to equip the Russian Armed Forces will be purchased abroad. So, the Russian Navy will receive 4 Mistral helicopter-carrying landing ship-dock. The first ship of this type will be built in France in late 2013 - early 2014, the second - in late 2014 - early 2015. The remaining two Mistrals will be built under license in Russia. Mistral can carry 16 heavy or 35 light helicopters, land technology, landing craft and between 450 and 900 military personnel. The ship can also be used as a command center and a floating hospital.
Thus, the successful modernization of the army and navy by 2020 will allow the Russian Federation to have a modern and efficient Armed Forces capable of providing military security countries in the transition to the post-industrial stage of development.
Guidelines
In the introductory part of the lesson, when substantiating the relevance of the topic, the leader of the lesson should emphasize the need for a powerful Armed Forces in Russia in the current international situation.
When presenting material on the first training issue, the leader should pay special attention to explaining the procedure for solving the main tasks of modernizing the Russian Armed Forces.
When presenting material on the second educational issue, it is necessary to disclose and justify the priority task of equipping troops modern weapons and military equipment.
In the final part of the lesson, it is advisable to emphasize the complexity of solving the problems of modernizing the Armed Forces and give recommendations for self-study of the recommended literature.
Recommended literature:
1. Speech by the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, President of the Russian Federation, at an expanded meeting of the Board of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation on March 18, 2011. // Independent military review of March 25, 2011, http:// nvo.ng.ru/realty/2011-03-25.
2. Report of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation at an expanded meeting of the collegium of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation on March 18, 2011.// Independent Military Review of 03/25/2011., http://nvo.ng.ru/realty/2011-03-25.
3. Speech by the boss General Staff Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in the Public Chamber of the Russian Federation November 17, 2011.
4. Speech by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation at a meeting of the Board of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation on November 22, 2011
5. Russia was forced to respond to the build-up of missile defense. Interview of the Commander of the Strategic Missile Forces S. Karakaev to the newspaper "Vzglyad" December 16, 2011 http://www. vz.ru/news/2011/12/16.
6. The reform is producing the desired results. Report of the Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation at the military-scientific conference at the Academy of Military Sciences // Independent Military Review of 02.17.2012, http;// nvo.ng. en / rearty/2012-02-l7/1_reform. html.
Reserve Colonel
Alexander LEBEDEV
Candidate of Military Sciences, Associate Professor
Landmark 07 2012
Coming into service in the coming months Russian army the main battle tank T-90M "Proryv-3" (object 188M) will be adopted. The first batch, which will go to the troops, will be 30-40 vehicles. This is reported by TASS with reference to the press service of the corporation "Uralvagonzavod" (UVZ).
T-90 "Vladimir" is promising development late 1980s. In the 2000s, this machine became the most popular in the world market. In addition to excellent driving characteristics and firepower, the model differed from its predecessor (T-72B) in the presence of an automated fire control system.
According to information International Institute Strategic Studies (IISS), in Russian troops on the move 350 T-90 and T-90A. Since 2011, UVZ has not been producing this machine, and in 2015, development work (R&D) on Breakthrough-3 started.
- Tanks T-90
- RIA News
The T-90M will feature a new combat turret module with an improved fire control system and a more modern loading system. At the same time, the guns will remain the same: a 125 mm 2A46M-4 smoothbore gun, a coaxial 7.62 mm PKTM machine gun and a 12.7 mm NSV Utyos.
The awareness of the T-90M crew will increase significantly. The tank is equipped with a video surveillance system for the surrounding space and a multi-channel panoramic thermal imaging sight, which allows you to fight in any direction at any time of the day.
A modern software and hardware communications system will allow the T-90M to operate in a theater of operations (theatre) within a single information space. The machine is actually integrated into an automated tactical control system.
The T-90M will be equipped with a V-92S2 engine with a power of 1000 hp. Power point will be equipped with a programmable heater, which will reduce the start-up time in the cold season. The supply of electrical appliances with the engine off will be carried out using a diesel generator set.
UVZ designers also worked on improving the protective properties of the tank. Wedge-shaped elements will be responsible for the frontal part dynamic protection"Relic" of the development of the Moscow Research Institute of Steel (2006). The complex is able to protect the vehicle from most modern projectiles, and the modular layout facilitates the repair and replacement of damaged structures.
"When creating a complex additional funds protection features were taken into account previous projects. The result was a certain reduction in the weakened zones of additional protection, which had a positive effect on general settings survivability of technology. In conjunction with active protection all this should give a significant increase in real efficiency, ”the UVZ noted.
"Jet" tank
Currently, another modernized version of the late Soviet tank is at the final stage of testing. We are talking about the T-80BVM, which in terms of its performance characteristics will be comparable to the combat capabilities of the T-72B3.
The contract for the modernization of the T-80BV was concluded between the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation and the Nizhny Tagil enterprise on August 24, 2017 for international exhibition"Army". As specified in Uralvagonzavod, the agreement is "long-term", and the volume of the first batch may be two tank battalions (60-80 vehicles).
- A modernized T-80BVM tank at a demonstration of armored vehicles in honor of the Day of the tanker on the territory of the 33rd combined arms training ground. Meadows ( Leningrad region), 09.09.2017
- Decoder / otvaga2004.mybb.ru
Official sources do not report the number of T-80BVs in the Russian troops. According to IISS calculations, at the beginning of 2017, the Russian army was armed with 450 T-80s in the BV and U versions. At the same time, 3 thousand T-80B, T-80BV and T-80U were in storage.
The decision of the military department to modernize part of the T-80 fleet was reported by the media at the end of 2016. The work was entrusted to two enterprises that are part of the structure of UVZ - JSC "Omsktransmash" and JSC "SKB Transport Engineering" (St. Petersburg).
The basic model T-80 (1976) was a revolutionary development of the Kirov SKB-2. It was the world's first serial tank with a single gas turbine power plant. The main advantages of the car were outstanding driving performance. The T-80 was much faster and more maneuverable than its competitors.
In the script land war with NATO, it was supposed to use the T-80 as one of the main means of breaking through the enemy's defenses. In response to the aggression of the alliance, a group of machines with gas turbine engines was supposed to deliver a lightning-fast asymmetric strike. Therefore, the brainchild of SKB-2 was jokingly nicknamed the "English Channel tank".
The speed of the T-80 reaches 80 km / h (against 65 km / h of the diesel T-72). The noise of the T-80 engine is deafening and resembles the sound of a fighter jet taking off. For this reason, the tank received another nickname - "jet".
The T-80BVM, like the T-90M, will be equipped with the Relikt protection system. Firepower tank will not change. As before, it will be equipped with a 125 mm cannon and two machine guns of 7.62 mm and 12.7 mm caliber. The changes will affect the fire control system. It is known that the T-80BVM will receive the Sosna-U all-weather thermal imaging sight, capable of detecting enemy tanks at a distance of up to 5 km, and automated digital equipment.
The power of the gas turbine engine (GTE) of the upgraded tank will be 1250 hp. The updated power plant will be less “gluttonous” than on previous models. The fuel consumption of the late Soviet T-80 was up to 8 liters per 1 km, while for the T-72 and T-90 this figure does not exceed 4 liters.
To reduce fuel consumption, the St. Petersburg Special Design Bureau has developed a system for synchronously turning on the generator and starter for starting the T-80BVM engine. It is expected that the upgraded tank will spend 4-5 liters of fuel per kilometer, retaining all its previous advantages, including "omnivorousness".
- T-80BVM
- Press Service of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation
An important advantage of a gas turbine engine over a diesel engine is the speed of starting in frosty conditions (3 minutes at -40 ° C versus 30 minutes for a diesel engine). The T-80 power plant is replaced within 3-4 hours (for a diesel counterpart - 6-12 hours). However, the repair of a gas turbine engine requires dismantling and sending it to the workshop, which in field conditions turns into a disadvantage.
Realization of potential
The Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation explains the need for modernization by the shortcomings of serial tank equipment, which were identified during the Syrian operation. In particular, this was announced on September 7, 2017 by the head of the main armored department of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation Alexander Shevchenko.
AT Western media the point of view was established that the modernization of the tank fleet (as well as other military equipment of the Russian Federation) fits into the mainstream of Moscow's course towards confrontation with NATO. As part of this policy, Russia allegedly strengthens shock groups near the western borders, replenishing them with the latest and modernized weapons.
Viktor Murakhovsky, editor-in-chief of Arsenal of the Fatherland magazine, has a different point of view. According to him, the T-80BVM is intended to a greater extent to strengthen the Arctic group of troops. And the 1st Guards tank army, which is of concern to NATO, will be re-equipped with T-90M and T-14 Armata.
“The characteristics of gas turbine engines are almost ideal for operation in the Arctic. I don’t think that T-80BVMs will be massively delivered to parts of the Western Military District. According to my information, the Kantemirovskaya division (part of the 1st Army), which is now armed with the T-80BV, will only receive new generation equipment - the T-90M and T-14, ”Murakhovsky told RT.
The expert doubts that the decision of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation to modernize the tank fleet was caused by an aggravation geopolitical situation and is a response to the expansion of the military infrastructure of the alliance. According to Murakhovsky, the renewal of the T-80 and T-90 fleet is dictated by quite pragmatic considerations.
“More than two decades have passed, and machines should receive more modern equipment and protection systems. The purpose of the modernization of the T-80BVM is to bring the combat capabilities of the vehicle closer to those possessed by the T-72B3. In turn, the upgrade of the T-90M is aimed at realizing the potential inherent in this tank before the large-scale arrival of the T-14,” said Murakhovsky.
Newest Russian tank"Armata" continues to attract the attention of military experts and general public. Corporation "Uralvagonzavod", which received an order for mass production of this machine, announced recently that it will probably also produce an "unmanned" version of the "Armata", calling such a tank of the future.
The famous weapons factory has some experience in the field of remote controlled machines: he releases a robotic special fire engine based battle tank T-72. In accordance with the management's plans, mass production of the new Armata tank may begin this year. Now the machine is undergoing operational tests in the field.
Uralvagonzavod will be busy in the coming years, as it fulfills a number of government orders for the production, modernization and re-equipment of a wide range of military equipment. Among these orders are the T-72B3 tank, the BMP-2 infantry fighting vehicle, self-propelled howitzer Msta-2S19M1, armored personnel carrier BTR-82AM, combat vehicles landing and other products. In total, the plant will supply more than 1,400 units of military transport equipment for the Russian armed forces.
Over the past few decades, the HMMWV, the American all-terrain vehicle, has become the standard by which other models of military vehicles are judged, as it has been used in all conflicts involving America around the world. the globe and has shown its ability to withstand any climate and any conceivable terrain.
The Russian military has long sought to create its own alternative, and finally, in 2006, the Tigr armored army off-road vehicle was put into service. The Russian automaker GAZ and the Ministry of Defense are working on adapting the design to internal and international standards, introducing improvements and preparing the car to compete with American and other Western counterparts.
In 2010, Brazilian law enforcement agencies expressed interest in acquiring the Tiger for their special forces, and in 2013 Brazil completed testing and evaluation of its characteristics for use in large sporting events in 2014 and 2016.
During the forthcoming annual military parade on May 9, which will mark the 71st anniversary of the victory Soviet Union over Nazi Germany in World War II, the Russian armed forces will demonstrate its latest version, the Tiger-M, equipped with a remote weapon station with remote control"Arbalet-DM". According to official representative company that produces "tigers" by Sergei Suvorov, it was supposed to install Italian combat modules, however, as a result of introducing economic sanctions against Russia, this contract was thwarted. In addition, "Italian technology turned out to be too fragile for our climate," while the "Crossbow" proved to be excellent at temperatures from -50 to +50 C.
According to Suvorov, the Arbalet device is fully stabilized, and its fire control system has a target acquisition and automatic tracking function that allows the operator to fire effectively both in a stationary position and while moving. In addition, the machine can, if necessary, be controlled completely remotely. The Crossbow module is equipped with two types of machine guns and an automatic grenade launcher, and the operator can switch from one machine gun to another using a computerized fire control system. The future role of the new "tigers" can be guessed based on their place in the May 9 parade - they will accompany mobile missile systems Yars. Based on this, it is logical to assume that the first to receive these new army SUVs will be Russian rocket troops strategic purpose. "Tigers" will be used to protect mobile launchers and ballistic missiles.
The Kalashnikov Concern, which is part of the Rostec state corporation, has begun to create a corporate university, which indicates its maturity as a manufacturer of semi-automatic weapons and an export platform. According to Mikhail Nenyukov, deputy director of the concern for quality and production development, this decision should contribute to the development of managerial qualities of the company's personnel. According to his statements, such a university would be " unified system development of leadership and talents, managerial and production competencies of Kalashnikov employees from the worker level to middle and top managers.
Editor-in-Chief of the Russian magazine " national defense» Igor Korotchenko believes that it is necessary to create educational structures in large corporations and enterprises of the country's military-industrial complex: “We have practically no other forms of training qualified workers left, so such initiatives can only be welcomed. The defense industry today is the locomotive of the Russian economy, and it is necessary to train personnel for it, especially given the large-scale modernization of production facilities, as well as the emergence modern equipment with digital control, the introduction of new technologies and materials.
It should be noted that in Soviet times the most talented designers and workers worked in the military-industrial complex of the country, receiving high and stable wages, as well as enjoying an exclusive system of benefits. Today, the Russian defense industry is undergoing serious aging and is facing a brain drain to the private sector, and Russian government seeks to create conditions so that it can train and retain the future generation of highly qualified specialists.
Born in 1951 in Taganrog. Graduated in 1974 military academy them. F.E. Dzerzhinsky. Trained in Financial Academy under the Government of the Russian Federation and the School of Business in London. From 1974 to 1990 he served in the State test site(Cosmodrome "Plesetsk"). He took an active part in the creation of a system for the integrated testing of a new generation of rocket and space technology based on automated systems process management. From 1990 to 1993 - Deputy of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR, Deputy Chairman of the Committee of the Supreme Council on Defense and Security, Deputy Chairman of the Commission of the Supreme Council on Communications, Informatics and Space. One of the authors of the laws of the Russian Federation "On Defense", "On the Status of Servicemen", "On Military Duty and Military Service". Since November 1993 - Chairman of the Committee on Military-Technical Policy of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. MP State Duma Russia of the first and third convocations. He was deputy chairman of the State Duma Committee on Defense, member of the State Duma Committee on Budget and Taxes, deputy chairman of the subcommittee on closed budget items. Was a developer federal laws"About the destruction chemical weapons" and about military-technical cooperation". From March 1996 to December 1999 - Deputy Head, Head of the Administrative Department, Deputy Chief of Staff of the Government of the Russian Federation. From April 2001 - Auditor Accounts Chamber. Candidate of Economic Sciences. Reserve Major General. Honored Mechanical Engineer of the RSFSR.
- Alexander Alexandrovich, the country, as they say, does not spare money for military spending in recent years. Is there a payoff for this? After all, many old problems are solved very slowly. What conclusions did you draw for yourself after the meeting of the leadership team?
I should note that we have received answers to almost all the questions that the Accounts Chamber has posed to the Ministry of Defense in recent years, and 90% of the measures existing problems are in line with our proposals. Thus, the Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces raised the question about the lack of coordination between the military reform and the reform of the military-industrial complex absolutely correctly. While the leadership of the Ministry of Defense, implementing the instructions of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief, formalized in the form of decisions of the Security Council of the Russian Federation, did a great job of systematizing views on the nature of future wars, the forms and methods of modern armed struggle, the prospective deployment and appearance of the Russian Armed Forces, the prospects for the "defense industry" conceptually, they are poorly visible.
The materials of audits of the Accounts Chamber show that in the defense industry, departmental and intra-corporate interests are often put at the forefront both in resolving issues of production cooperation and in the formation of the directors' corps. As a result, at sharp increase spending on the state defense order, the growth rate of production volumes is declining, and prices for a number of weapons exceed world prices. Naturally, under these conditions, the re-equipment of the Armed Forces modern means armed struggle is practically unrealistic, despite the huge efforts made recently by the Ministry of Defense.
And what, in your opinion, can be taken specific measures, the need for which the president spoke about at the meeting of the leadership?
The experience of recent years shows that trying to predict the president's decisions is a thankless task. Nevertheless, some options can be discussed. Possible ways to solve the problem of cooperation and coordination of efforts related to the modernization of the Armed Forces could be individual measures or a set of measures to strengthen the role of the Military Industrial Commission. It is logical that this commission should be headed by the government's new Deputy Prime Minister, Defense Minister Sergei Borisovich Ivanov, who has extensive experience in both the Defense Ministry and the Security Council.
It is known that the issue of separating from the Ministry of Defense a control body responsible for the formation and implementation of the state defense order of the ARPA type in the United States of America is being considered. It is also possible (although from our point of view it is unproductive given the legal and economic realities) the revival of the Ministry of Defense Industry.
Unfortunately, the experience of recent years shows that even good reform ideas often perish due to the lack of mechanisms for their implementation...
Of course, each of these options is not only a way to solve old problems, but also to raise new questions, namely: the preservation of the rights and opportunities for the Ministry of Defense under the new conditions to conduct a unified military-technical policy as an integral part of military policy, for the formation of which in modern conditions, the Minister of Defense is responsible; implementation of scientific and technical groundwork in terms of formulating tactical and technical requirements and tactical and technical tasks for means of armed struggle, and not only in terms of technical proposals from industry for modernization and development traditional species weapons, military and special equipment, etc.
In this regard, the position of the General Staff, aimed at the counter movement of various specialists in the development of views on the tasks of the Russian Armed Forces in modern warfare and an orderly development of the defense industry with the guiding role of the Ministry of Defense, deserves the most resolute support.
What other new approaches of the Ministry of Defense to the issues of military organizational development could you single out?
Fundamentally important, from our point of view, is the decisive position of the Ministry of Defense, aimed at getting rid of non-core activities, redundant infrastructure facilities of the property complex, including land, real estate and movable property, which cost tens of billions of rubles to maintain. Only the implementation of the measures proposed by us to the government and the measures being implemented by the Ministry of Defense in terms of simplifying the procedure for registering real estate, according to the estimates of the military department itself, will save about 18 billion rubles, and the still insoluble task of registering land of the Ministry of Defense began to be solved at a rapid pace.
Already the first steps to inventory unclaimed buildings and structures showed that there are tens of thousands of them, and the Ministry of Defense is ready to as soon as possible transfer these assets to municipalities and other owners.
What prevented you from doing it before?
Not only hindered, but continues to hinder. The fact is that the current system for the sale of released military property is extremely imperfect, inertial and outrageously inefficient from the point of view of the economy. In fact, it leads to the destruction of the value of assets that have spent hundreds of billions of dollars to create. We see that the sale of property, from which the military department is actually alienated, is delayed for several years, while it is sold at prices tens or even hundreds of times lower than the residual book value. Thus, instead of mobilizing additional resources, as is done in the United States, the Department of Defense still incurs additional costs for the protection, operation, repair of what has already served its time and will never be used. It seems that the evolutionary accomplishment operating mechanisms release and sale of military property, the situation cannot be changed: prompt, radical measures are needed.
Which?
For example, one such measure could be the formation of an Inter-Ministerial Council on Infrastructure with the Minister of Defense or his deputy at the head and the inclusion of representatives of other federal bodies executive power. The Council could promptly draw up lists of redundant military infrastructure facilities and draft regulations, up to decrees and special laws on the transfer of these facilities to municipal and other property or their privatization. Of course, in principle, military personnel should not be engaged in commerce, and in order to resolve issues related to the sale of property, it is necessary to form special civil structures. However, the effectiveness of their activities and their contribution to the modernization of the Armed Forces should be under the control of the Ministry of Defense. Without this, it will hardly be possible to overcome the existing system of accelerated destruction of tangible assets.
Alexander Alexandrovich, speaking about the modernization of the Armed Forces, perhaps one cannot ignore the human factor?
Naturally, and I think that this is well understood in the Ministry of Defense. very many social issues in the army and navy require close attention, but it is still fully justified that priority is given to solving the housing problem of military personnel, on which the formation of the backbone of the future Armed Forces largely depends. This process is still going slowly, but, importantly, in the right direction.
You must admit that in solving the housing problem for military personnel for many years now there has been no clear light: funds are being allocated, and considerable ones, while the number of homeless people remains practically unchanged - about 90 thousand people. And this is not counting those who need service housing, improved living conditions, including retired officers and warrant officers. Where is the way out of this vicious circle?
The only way to eliminate the "bottomless barrel" effect, when the lion's share of funds is directed to the construction and purchase of apartments that "leave" the Ministry of Defense along with retiring officers, is only by creating a service housing fund. Today this is especially important, since the problem of reducing the Armed Forces can be considered solved, and the problem of the outflow from the Armed Forces of officers who have not served their deadlines, including lieutenants who have not yet fledged, is on the agenda with all the urgency.
In this regard, it seems necessary to develop target program- whether federal, departmental, clearly distributing the "humps" of appropriations for service and mortgage housing, while excluding non-targeted expenditures from these funds for the construction and acquisition of non-service housing. Obviously, it is necessary to legalize the allocation of service housing to all needy military personnel, regardless of the year of conscription and the terms of the contract. At the same time, grant the Ministry of Defense the right to either transfer this housing into the ownership of military personnel, or to allocate state housing certificates to them before entering into full force mortgages.
In our opinion, this measure can make it possible to radically reduce the time for solving the housing problem.
Alexander Alexandrovich, summing up our conversation, could you assess at what stage the modernization of the Armed Forces is now?
I would say this: a start. And the President's decision to appoint the Minister of Defense as Deputy Prime Minister of the Government creates a serious basis for building up constructive efforts in this area.