Who lives the longest in the world? Who lives the longest
In terms of life expectancy, humans are inferior to many representatives of the animal world. Many of them live longer than a century, and some even live for five hundred years.
Bivalve mollusk of the species Arctica islandica
Today, these mollusks are considered the longest-living animals on Earth. Studies of the shells of several mollusks conducted in 2006-2007 at the Bangor University of Wales showed them maximum age- more than 500 years. The oldest specimen, named Ming, was 507 years old.
Giant turtle
Giant tortoises are land reptiles, endemic to Aldabra Island (Seychelles). These turtles are one of the longest living animals on Earth. In captivity they live on average up to 150 years.
The record holder for age among known to science The largest turtle in the world was a 250-kilogram turtle named Advaita (Sanskrit for “the only one”), who lived in the Calcutta Zoo. At the time of her death she was 256 years old.
Turtles are not only long-livers, but also one of the most ancient animals. Turtle fossils are over 220 million years old. The question of their origin is still considered debatable. Most scientists assume that the turtle predecessors were Permian cotylosaurs.
Koi carp are also called brocade carp. This is a domesticated ornamental subspecies of common carp. Koi carp can be considered a fish that has gone through 6 selective selections. After all stages of selection, she is assigned a certain category. There are more than 80 koi breeds in total, they are divided into 16 groups.
The world learned about the longevity of koi in 1966. During a radio appearance, Japanese doctor Komei Koshihara told the story of the Hanako carp. When Komei was born, beautiful fish already lived in small pond at his house. Years passed, the boy went to study. Every time he returned home, a large 70-centimeter fish was still swimming in the pond. Koshihara asked his grandmother how long Hanako had been living here. According to the grandmother, the fish was at least 100 years old.
As an adult, Komei Koshihara decided to find out Hanako's age. He asked his friend Masayuki Amano, who worked at a fish farming station, to help with this. Analysis of Hanako's scales showed that Hanako is the oldest carp known to science. At the time of verification he was 217 years old. The fish died in 1977 at the age of 226 years.
European pearl mussel
The European pearl mussel is currently on the verge of extinction. Previously, these mollusks were fished for mother-of-pearl, but today this has become unprofitable.
What a pearl oyster may represent great interest became known to gerontologists only in 2000, when Russian researcher Valery Zyuganov established: the pearl mussel, which lives in Europe and North America, lives 210-250 years, and is the record holder for longevity among all known freshwater invertebrate animals.
Pearl mussels are characterized by the phenomenon of negligible aging, that is, the rate of their aging is difficult to statistically distinguish from zero within a single sample. Also called negligible aging is the phenomenon of “non-aging” - the lack of correlation between age and the probability of death.
Interestingly, the phenomenon of neglected aging is also observed in people who live to be 90-100 years old. After reaching this age, their chance of living to each next year does not decrease over the years. It was also noticed that all people who lived to these years are genetically similar to each other
Red sea urchin
Sea urchins are amazing creatures. These are the most “many-legged” representatives of the animal world. Moreover, they use their numerous needles as legs, the number of which can reach up to a thousand. In addition, sea urchins have a spiral-shaped intestine and an organ unique in its structure - the Aristotelian lantern, consisting of five pyramidal outgrowths, shaped like drills. Inside each outgrowth there is a sharp tooth.
Sea urchins are one of the most ancient creatures on Earth. They lived on the planet back in Paleozoic times. IN early XIX centuries, scientists believed that sea urchins They do not live long - about 15 years, but recent studies of sea urchins provide amazing results. It turns out that red sea urchins can grow and develop throughout their lives without showing signs of aging. These creatures live for more than 200 years. And it’s unclear how long they could have lived if they hadn’t had it in the ocean natural enemies, from which hedgehogs have to run away on their thorns.
Clam Guidak
The Guidak mollusk looks rather strange. It consists of a small shell relative to the size of the body and two long fused siphons, which can reach one meter in length. "Guidak" is translated from the Indian language as "digging deep." This is the largest burrowing mollusk in the world, so this name is quite justified.
Guidaks are long-lived. Average duration their life is 146 years, but scientists also found a 160-year-old individual. Guidaks have almost no natural enemies in nature; in addition, they have a slow metabolism, which ensures Guidaks' longevity. Damage to the mollusk can be caused by sharks and sea otters, as well as by humans - the meat of geoducks is eaten in China and Japan.
Mollusks are softened by external fertilization. Over the course of their more than century-long life, female Guidaks release about five billion eggs.
bowhead whale
We couldn’t do without whales in our rating. Whales are the largest animals on our planet and yes, they are long-lived. The bowhead whale is the longest living vertebrate. The average life expectancy of mammals of this species is not so long - 40 years, but individual representatives live more than 200 years.
Whales are also interesting because they develop, grow and reproduce throughout their lives, and the intensity of these processes does not weaken with age. Whales are of interest to gerontologists because even the oldest whales show no signs of aging when studied. That is, whales, like some other animals (such as, for example, mole rats) do not become decrepit.
There is still no exact answer as to why whales die. Interestingly, the age of a whale can be determined by the protein content in the lens of the eye. Its turbidity is the only indicator of whale aging. Scientist Vladimir Skulachev, who has been involved in gerontology for many years, believes that it is possible that whales go blind and then simply crash.
In terms of life expectancy, humans are inferior to many representatives of the animal world. Many of them live longer than a century, and some even live for five hundred years.
Bivalve mollusk of the species Arctica islandica
Today, these mollusks are considered the longest-living animals on Earth. Studies of the shells of several mollusks conducted in 2006-2007 at Bangor University in Wales showed their maximum age - more than 500 years. The oldest specimen, named Ming, was 507 years old.
Giant turtle
Giant tortoises are land reptiles, endemic to Aldabra Island (Seychelles). These turtles are one of the longest living animals on Earth. In captivity they live on average up to 150 years.
The record holder for age among turtles known to science was a 250-kilogram turtle named Advaita (Sanskrit “the only one”), who lived in the Calcutta Zoo. At the time of her death she was 256 years old.
Turtles are not only long-livers, but also one of the most ancient animals. Turtle fossils are over 220 million years old. The question of their origin is still considered debatable. Most scientists assume that the turtle predecessors were Permian cotylosaurs.
Koi carp are also called brocade carp. This is a domesticated ornamental subspecies of common carp. Koi carp can be considered a fish that has gone through 6 selective selections. After all stages of selection, she is assigned a certain category. There are more than 80 koi breeds in total, they are divided into 16 groups.
The world learned about the longevity of koi in 1966. During a radio appearance, Japanese doctor Komei Koshihara told the story of the Hanako carp. When Komei was born, a beautiful fish already lived in a small pond near his house. Years passed, the boy went to study. Every time he returned home, a large 70-centimeter fish was still swimming in the pond. Koshihara asked his grandmother how long Hanako had been living here. According to the grandmother, the fish was at least 100 years old.
As an adult, Komei Koshihara decided to find out Hanako's age. He asked his friend Masayuki Amano, who worked at a fish farming station, to help with this. Analysis of Hanako's scales showed that Hanako is the oldest carp known to science. At the time of verification he was 217 years old. The fish died in 1977 at the age of 226 years.
European pearl mussel
The European pearl mussel is currently on the verge of extinction. Previously, these mollusks were fished for mother-of-pearl, but today this has become unprofitable.
The fact that the pearl mussel can be of great interest to gerontologists became known only in 2000, when Russian researcher Valery Zyuganov established: the pearl mussel, which lives in Europe and North America, lives 210-250 years, and is the record holder for longevity among all known freshwater invertebrates animals.
Pearl mussels are characterized by the phenomenon of negligible aging, that is, the rate of their aging is difficult to statistically distinguish from zero within a single sample. Also called negligible aging is the phenomenon of “non-aging” - the lack of correlation between age and the probability of death.
Interestingly, the phenomenon of neglected aging is also observed in people who live to be 90-100 years old. After reaching this age, their chance of surviving until each next year does not decrease with age. It was also noticed that all people who lived to these years are genetically similar to each other
Red sea urchin
Sea urchins are amazing creatures. These are the most “many-legged” representatives of the animal world. Moreover, they use their numerous needles as legs, the number of which can reach up to a thousand. In addition, sea urchins have a spiral-shaped intestine and an organ unique in its structure - the Aristotelian lantern, consisting of five pyramidal outgrowths, shaped like drills. Inside each outgrowth there is a sharp tooth.
Sea urchins are one of the most ancient creatures on Earth. They lived on the planet back in Paleozoic times. At the beginning of the 19th century, scientists believed that sea urchins did not live long - about 15 years, but recent studies of sea urchins provide amazing results. It turns out that red sea urchins can grow and develop throughout their lives without showing signs of aging. These creatures live for more than 200 years. And it is unclear how long they could have lived if they had not had natural enemies in the ocean, from which hedgehogs have to run away on their thorns.
Clam Guidak
The Guidak mollusk looks rather strange. It consists of a small shell relative to the size of the body and two long fused siphons, which can reach one meter in length. "Guidak" is translated from the Indian language as "digging deep." This is the largest burrowing mollusk in the world, so this name is quite justified.
Guidaks are long-lived. Their average lifespan is 146 years, but scientists also found a 160-year-old individual. Guidaks have almost no natural enemies in nature; in addition, they have a slow metabolism, which ensures Guidaks' longevity. Damage to the mollusk can be caused by sharks and sea otters, as well as by humans - the meat of geoducks is eaten in China and Japan.
Mollusks are softened by external fertilization. Over the course of their more than century-long life, female Guidaks release about five billion eggs.
bowhead whale
We couldn’t do without whales in our rating. Whales are the largest animals on our planet and yes, they are long-lived. The bowhead whale is the longest living vertebrate. The average lifespan of mammals of this species is not so long - 40 years, but some representatives live more than 200 years.
Whales are also interesting because they develop, grow and reproduce throughout their lives, and the intensity of these processes does not weaken with age. Whales are of interest to gerontologists because even the oldest whales show no signs of aging when studied. That is, whales, like some other animals (such as, for example, mole rats) do not become decrepit.
There is still no exact answer as to why whales die. Interestingly, the age of a whale can be determined by the protein content in the lens of the eye. Its turbidity is the only indicator of whale aging. Scientist Vladimir Skulachev, who has been involved in gerontology for many years, believes that it is possible that whales go blind and then simply crash.
10
African elephants They are the largest terrestrial centenarians and can live from 60 to 80 years. The oldest elephant died at the age of 86 years old in 2003.
9
New Zealand longfin river eel- long-lived among fish. There is a known case when a female lived to 106 year old age and weighed 24 kilograms. These fish grow slower than other eels, growing by only 1-2 cm per year.
8
Native Central America, Mexico, South America And Caribbean Sea The colorful and showy macaw parrot can live for about 100 years. The oldest macaw on record is a blue and yellow parrot named Charlie, who lived 111 years. Like humans, the average lifespan of most blue and golden macaws is approximately 60-80 years. They are very friendly and sociable. In the wild they live in groups, but in captivity they become close to people and become a full-fledged member of the family. Since their lifespan is so long and they can easily outlive humans, it is worthwhile for owners of such birds to write their beloved pet into their will so that it is taken care of in the event of its owner's death.
7
Sea urchins are one of the most ancient creatures: they appeared in the Paleozoic era. There are now about 800 species of sea urchins. But the red sea urchin, which lives in shallow waters near west coast America, is also known for being the most venerable centenarian. Studying sea urchins, it turned out that they grow slowly and evenly, but they almost never stop growing. And now biologists make a sensational assumption: sea urchins may be immortal. Because the largest – and therefore the most “adult” – specimens do not show any signs of aging. Sea urchins are now known whose age about 200 years, and this may not be the limit at all. Moreover, it is unclear how long a sea urchin could live if it lived quiet life, without the need to run as fast as you can on stilt needles from predators and fishermen.
6
About 200 years ago, this mammal was found throughout the Arctic Ocean. Today their numbers have noticeably decreased. Now it can be found in the Chukchi, Bering and East Siberian seas, rarely in the Beaufort Sea. In the west of the Arctic Ocean it is found in the northern part Barents Sea and near Franz Josef Land and Spitsbergen. Known 211 year old bowhead whale The reason for such a long life span is apparently explained by their habitat: low water temperature and, accordingly, slow metabolism.
5
Koi carp are a variety of beautiful domesticated carp that are bred for decorative purposes in garden ponds. Varieties of koi carp vary in size, scale pattern and color. The most common colors are black, white, yellow, cream, blue and yellow. Age is determined in the same way as for trees: by the number of rings located on the scales of most fish. Thanks to this method, the age of the oldest koi carp, Hanako, was determined, who died at the age of 226 years.
4
The lifespan of turtles depends on many factors: their size, location and living conditions, and the presence of predators around. The lifespan of animals that live in captivity significantly exceeds the lifespan of natural animals, that is, animals that were born and raised in nature far from humans. In zoos and nurseries, the turtle is protected from predators, and in case of illness or injury, it will be immediately provided with medical care. Most turtles die in the first years of their lives, and sometimes even before they are born, precisely from predators. The record holder among long-lived turtles is Samira, she lived 270-315 years.
3
Greenland sharks are one of the slowest sharks. Their average speed- 1.6 km/h, and maximum - 2.7 km/h, which is half as much maximum speed seals. Therefore scientists for a long time marveled at how these clumsy fish were able to hunt faster prey. There is evidence that polar Greenland sharks watch for sleeping seals. Greenlandic polar shark recognized by scientists as the longest-living vertebrate species. Biologists believe that the animal is capable of living about 500 years. Females reach sexual maturity at 150 years.
2
In October 2007, researchers from Bangor University in Wales determined that a clam caught off the Icelandic coast was between 405 and 410 years old. The age was determined by the sclerochronology method, that is, by drilling into a shell and counting the number of its layers (similar to the dendrochronology method for trees). It was later confirmed that the maximum lifespan of this species exceeds 500 years. This age makes the mollusk the longest-lived animal with a confirmed maximum age. The record holder for life expectancy among them was recognized as a specimen named Min, whose age was determined at 507 years.
1
The jellyfish Turritopsis Nutricula can rightfully be considered immortal creature. This animal, having reached maturity, settles to the bottom and turns into a polyp covered with a chitinous cuticle. Then, buds form on the polyp under the cuticle, in which future jellyfish are formed. The most interesting thing is that such metamorphoses are repeated countless times, and the death of this creature is possible only if it is eaten by other predators. Initially Turritopsis jellyfish Nutricula lived in the Caribbean Sea, but gradually began to expand their habitat. Now this jellyfish can be found in almost all seas of the tropical and temperate zones.
Jeanne Calment is a French citizen who has the longest documented life expectancy. Her date of birth was February 21, 1875, her date of death was August 4, 1997, that is, the Frenchwoman lived 122 years and 164 days.
Can it be said that a person is the most long-lived creature on the planet? No, there are plenty of animals in the world that lived much longer than Jeanne Kalman. Here are the top 5 centenarians on Earth, according to Time magazine.
5. Jellyfish of the genus Turritopsis
This type of jellyfish stands alone in the ranking of long-livers. Its representatives can move from a state of maturity to a state of infantility, in other words, regain youth. These jellyfish have a regular life cycle, but after maturation and mating, they return to their original polyp state. This process is called “transdifferentiation” and involves the “rewiring” of defective cells into new cells. Maybe these jellyfish are the key to the elixir of youth.
4. Elephants and parrots
On average, large parrots live 50-70 years, and cockatoos are considered the longest-livers among parrots. The San Diego Zoo has kept a cockatoo since 1925, which arrived there as an adult bird and lived until December 30, 1990. And some individuals of the owl parrot from New Zealand lived to be 90 years old.
Elephants are not far behind parrots; they live up to 70 years.
3. Red sea urchins and giant turtles
Strongylocentrotus franciscanus, also known as the red sea urchin (although its color ranges from pink or orange to almost black), is an echinoderm found in the Pacific Ocean.
The spherical body of the sea urchin is entirely covered with sharp spines, which can grow up to 8 cm. These spines grow on a hard shell that protects the urchin. According to research work Thomas Ebert of the Department of Zoology at Oregon State University, the oldest red sea urchins are about 200 years old.
Advaita, 250 kg giant turtle, who lived in the city zoo of Calcutta (India), was the longest-lived turtle in the world. The age of the animal, according to various estimates, ranged from 150 to 250 years.
2. Bowhead whales
The bowhead whale (Balaena mysticetus) is a stocky, dark-colored whale without dorsal fin. It can grow up to 20 meters in length, and it loves to eat, “fat” up to 100 tons and is second in weight only to the blue whale.
It lives exclusively in fertile arctic and subarctic waters, which makes it different from other whales that migrate to feed or give birth.
Bowhead whales live up to 200 years, and genes have been discovered in their genome that repair damaged sections of DNA.
1. Bivalves Arctica islandica
One of the types edible shellfish, it lives in two oceans - the Arctic and the Atlantic. Also known by several different names common names, including Icelandic cyprina and black clam. These ocean inhabitants reside exclusively long life. One of the two found samples (called Ming) lived 507 years, the other - from 405 to 410 years. To determine the age of the mollusk, the researchers drilled into the shell and counted the number of its layers.
In terms of life expectancy, humans are inferior to many representatives of the animal world. Many of them live longer than a century, and some even live for five hundred years.
Today, these mollusks are considered the longest-living animals on Earth. Studies of the shells of several mollusks conducted in 2006-2007 at the Bangor University of Wales showed their maximum age - more than 500 years. The oldest specimen, named Ming, was 507 years old.
2 Giant turtle
Giant tortoises are land reptiles, endemic to the island of Aldabra (Seychelles). These turtles are one of the longest living animals on Earth. In captivity they live on average up to 150 years.
The record holder for age among turtles known to science was a 250-kilogram turtle named Advaita (Sanskrit for “the only one”), who lived in the Calcutta Zoo. At the time of her death she was 256 years old.
Turtles are not only long-livers, but also one of the most ancient animals. Turtle fossils are over 220 million years old. The question of their origin is still considered debatable. Most scientists assume that the turtle predecessors were Permian cotylosaurs.
3 Koi Carp
Koi carp are also called brocade carp. This is a domesticated ornamental subspecies of common carp. Koi carp can be considered a fish that has gone through 6 selective selections. After all stages of selection, she is assigned a certain category. There are more than 80 koi breeds in total, they are divided into 16 groups.
The world learned about the longevity of koi in 1966. During a radio appearance, Japanese doctor Komei Koshihara told the story of the Hanako carp. When Komei was born, a beautiful fish already lived in a small pond near his house. Years passed, the boy went to study. Every time he returned home, a large 70-centimeter fish was still swimming in the pond. Koshihara asked his grandmother how long Hanako had been living here. According to the grandmother, the fish was at least 100 years old.
As an adult, Komei Koshihara decided to find out Hanako's age. He asked his friend Masayuki Amano, who worked at a fish farming station, to help with this. Analysis of Hanako's scales showed that Hanako is the oldest carp known to science. At the time of verification he was 217 years old. The fish died in 1977 at the age of 226 years.
4 European pearl mussel
The European pearl mussel is currently on the verge of extinction. Previously, these mollusks were fished for mother-of-pearl, but today this has become unprofitable.
The fact that the pearl mussel can be of great interest to gerontologists became known only in 2000, when Russian researcher Valery Zyuganov established: the pearl mussel, which lives in Europe and North America, lives 210-250 years, and is the record holder for longevity among all known freshwater invertebrates animals.
Pearl mussels are characterized by the phenomenon of negligible aging, that is, the rate of their aging is difficult to statistically distinguish from zero within a single sample. Negligible aging is also called the phenomenon of “non-aging” - the lack of correlation between age and the probability of death.
Interestingly, the phenomenon of neglected aging is also observed in people who live to be 90-100 years old. After reaching this age, their chance of surviving until each next year does not decrease with age. It was also noticed that all people who lived to these years are genetically similar to each other
5 Red sea urchin
Sea urchins are amazing creatures. These are the most “many-legged” representatives of the animal world. Moreover, they use their numerous needles as legs, the number of which can reach up to a thousand. In addition, sea urchins have a spiral-shaped intestine and an organ unique in its structure - the Aristotelian lantern, consisting of five pyramidal outgrowths, shaped like drills. Inside each outgrowth there is a sharp tooth.
Sea urchins are one of the most ancient creatures on Earth. They lived on the planet back in Paleozoic times. At the beginning of the 19th century, scientists believed that sea urchins did not live long - about 15 years, but recent studies of sea urchins provide amazing results. It turns out that red sea urchins can grow and develop throughout their lives without showing signs of aging. These creatures live for more than 200 years. And it is unclear how long they could have lived if they had not had natural enemies in the ocean, from which hedgehogs have to run away on their thorns.
6 Clam Guidak
The Guidak mollusk looks rather strange. It consists of a small shell relative to the size of the body and two long fused siphons, which can reach one meter in length. “Guidak” is translated from the Indian language as “digging deep.” This is the largest burrowing mollusk in the world, so this name is quite justified.
Guidaks are long-lived. Their average lifespan is 146 years, but scientists also found a 160-year-old individual. Guidaks have almost no natural enemies in nature; in addition, they have a slow metabolism, which ensures Guidaks' longevity. Damage to the mollusk can be caused by sharks and sea otters, as well as by humans - the meat of geoducks is eaten in China and Japan.
Mollusks are softened by external fertilization. Over the course of their more than century-long life, female Guidaks release about five billion eggs.
7 Bowhead whale
We couldn’t do without whales in our rating. Whales are the largest animals on our planet and yes, they are long-lived. The bowhead whale is the longest living vertebrate. The average lifespan of mammals of this species is not so long - 40 years, but some representatives live more than 200 years.
Whales are also interesting because they develop, grow and reproduce throughout their lives, and the intensity of these processes does not weaken with age. Whales are of interest to gerontologists because even the oldest whales show no signs of aging when studied. That is, whales, like some other animals (such as, for example, mole rats) do not become decrepit.
There is still no exact answer as to why whales die. Interestingly, the age of a whale can be determined by the protein content in the lens of the eye. Its cloudiness is the only indicator of whale aging. Scientist Vladimir Skulachev, who has been involved in gerontology for many years, believes that it is possible that whales go blind and then simply crash.
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