Calendar of historical events for February. What are the memorable dates in February? What happened in February
A new end of the world was predicted for November 15 - where is it and when is the next one?
Every year on different dates, humanity is promised an apocalypse. The new one should happen today, November 15, 2018. Many inhabitants of the planet sincerely believe all the information circulating on the Internet, and therefore look with fear to the future, or rather, to its absence. At the same time, scientists urge not to believe charlatans and ufologists, because they do not see the prerequisites for the destruction of our planet. At least in the coming centuries.
The date of the end of the world on November 15 was not predicted at all by scientists, not by cospirologists, not by the Bible and not by ancient scriptures - it arose through an incomprehensible “flash mob” that occurred on the planet in October of this year.
- The end of the world on November 15, 2018 - who predicted it and what will happen
- The end of the world in 2018 - will it happen or not?
- Collision with Nibiru - what will happen
END OF THE WORLD NOVEMBER 15, 2018 - WHO PREDITED AND WHAT WOULD HAPPEN
Where did the panic start? Millions of people on the planet received SMS messages with the word “END”, the date November 15, 2018 and a link to a source on the Internet - it turned out that the site was called “Doomsday Timer”, and the sender was supposedly located somewhere in Antarctica. Due to the fact that very few people live at the pole and the majority are scientists and researchers, many people have concluded that something was found in the glaciers that indicates an imminent apocalypse.
On the Internet, numerous alarmists immediately started talking about the massive melting of glaciers, which in fact is already underway due to global warming, others are sure that scientists could notice on the horizon the very planet Nibiru, which did not come to destroy the Earth either in April, or in July, or in August and September of this year, although they were especially eagerly awaiting it in 2018.
Scientists say that the masses were simply deceived by a joker or a charlatan - perhaps people caught a virus on their smartphones through a shocking SMS, and visiting the proposed site allowed scammers to get to the personal information of citizens of different countries, which often happens lately.
As we see, the end of the world predicted in the SMS has not yet come. Skeptics say that? that the apocalypse would hardly come suddenly - at least a few days “before” people would begin to see the prerequisites for the destruction of the planet - natural disasters, sudden phenomena and the like. For now, everything is quiet and peaceful, which means you can breathe out and relax, at least while waiting for a new prediction.
THE END OF THE WORLD IN 2018 - WILL IT BE OR NOT?
The Internet is already calling the next date for the end of the world - it, by the way, is associated with the arrival of the same planet Nibiru. So, when can we expect a visit? Very soon - pseudoscientists have postponed the visit of the deadly planet to November 21, 2018.
If it still doesn’t arrive, then we expect it also on December 12, 16, 21 and 31 of the same year. The exact date of the phenomenon cannot yet be predicted even by those who already “see” Nibiru in the sky and feel its approach, according to information at 11:31:28. The thing is that the planet is considered elusive - it does not have a clear trajectory of movement, and therefore it is difficult to predict its behavior.
COLLISION WITH NIBIRU - WHAT WILL HAPPEN
For a long time now, ufologists and conspiracy theorists who believe in Nibiru have told society that the planet will bring death to Earth. Its approach to the Earth will cause the destruction of the ozone sphere, and therefore people will be completely unprotected from ultraviolet rays of the sun - many will die from radiation. (87.117.53.18) . Further approach will raise the bowels of the Earth upward, because the magnetic field of our planet will not withstand such tension - we will be overwhelmed by erupting volcanoes, earthquakes, tsunamis and other natural disasters. No one can be saved.
If Nibiru gets close enough to collide with our planet, the Earth will simply turn over in its orbit, or maybe even lose it altogether - in general, the scenarios are not very optimistic.
At the same time, scientists urge not to believe such tales, because the existence of Nibiru has not yet been proven. Maybe it exists, but outside the solar system - experts are sure. Our planet is indeed approaching the apocalypse, but very slowly. It will not be the deadly planet or aliens that will kill it, but the people themselves, for whom it is time to begin to appreciate the nature around them, to protect and save resources and to think about global environmental problems in general.
Every year on different dates, humanity is promised an apocalypse. The new one should happen today, November 15, 2018. Many inhabitants of the planet sincerely believe all the information circulating on the Internet, and therefore look with fear into the future, or rather, into its absence, according to information at 13:52:03. At the same time, scientists urge not to believe charlatans and ufologists, because they do not see the prerequisites for the destruction of our planet. At least in the coming centuries.
The date of the end of the world, November 15, was not predicted at all by scientists, not by cospirologists, not by the Bible and not by ancient scriptures - it arose through an incomprehensible “flash mob” that occurred on the planet in October of this year.
- The end of the world on November 15, 2018 - who predicted it and what will happen
- The end of the world in 2018 - will it happen or not?
- Collision with Nibiru - what will happen
END OF THE WORLD NOVEMBER 15, 2018 - WHO PREDITED AND WHAT WOULD HAPPEN
Where did the panic start? Millions of people on the planet received SMS messages with the word “END”, the date November 15, 2018 and a link to a source on the Internet - it turned out that the site was called “Doomsday Timer”, and the sender was supposedly located somewhere in Antarctica. Due to the fact that very few people live at the pole and the majority are scientists and researchers, many people have concluded that something was found in the glaciers that indicates an imminent apocalypse.
On the Internet, numerous alarmists immediately started talking about the massive melting of glaciers, which in fact is already underway due to global warming, others are sure that scientists could notice on the horizon the very planet Nibiru, which did not come to destroy the Earth either in April, or in July, or in August and September of this year, although they were especially eagerly awaiting it in 2018.
Read also: Sberbank Record deposit 2018 for individuals
Scientists say that the masses were simply deceived by a joker or a charlatan - perhaps people caught a virus on their smartphones through a shocking SMS, and visiting the proposed site allowed scammers to get to the personal information of citizens of different countries, which often happens lately.
As we see, the end of the world predicted in the SMS has not yet come. Skeptics say that? that the apocalypse would hardly come suddenly - at least a few days “before” people would begin to see the prerequisites for the destruction of the planet - natural disasters, sudden phenomena and the like (87.117.53.18). For now, everything is quiet and peaceful, which means you can breathe out and relax, at least while waiting for a new prediction.
THE END OF THE WORLD IN 2018 - WILL IT BE OR NOT?
The Internet is already calling the next date for the end of the world - it, by the way, is associated with the arrival of the same planet Nibiru. So, when can we expect a visit? Very soon - pseudoscientists have postponed the visit of the deadly planet to November 21, 2018.
If it still doesn’t arrive, then we expect it also on December 12, 16, 21 and 31 of the same year. Even those who already “see” Nibiru in the sky and feel its approach cannot yet predict the exact date of the phenomenon. The thing is that the planet is considered elusive - it does not have a clear trajectory of movement, and therefore it is difficult to predict its behavior.
COLLISION WITH NIBIRU - WHAT WILL HAPPEN
For a long time now, ufologists and conspiracy theorists who believe in Nibiru have told society that the planet will bring death to Earth. Its approach to the Earth will cause the destruction of the ozone sphere, and therefore people will be completely unprotected from ultraviolet rays of the sun - many will die from radiation. Further approach will raise the bowels of the Earth upward, because the magnetic field of our planet will not withstand such tension - we will be overwhelmed by erupting volcanoes, earthquakes, tsunamis and other natural disasters. No one can be saved.
February-Bokogray. The sun is hot - it warms the sides, so they called the month - Bokogray. In just a little while Candlemas will come, this is when people say that winter meets spring. And then there’s Maslenitsa to party in grand style and bake pancakes.
February: severe with blizzards and blizzards
Description of the nature of February (I - II week)
January smoothly flows into the cold month of February, the beginning of which is often characterized by snowstorms and blizzards with strong gusts of freezing wind. From time to time, bright cloudless weather sets in the sky, the sun shines more often and brighter, moving further away from the horizon, but it will only begin to warm up in mid-February, when the falling rays of the sun begin to imperceptibly warm your cheeks from the icy frost.
The blizzard subsides. A strong wind, changing direction, strives to reach your face with fine snow powder. But the droppings come and go, and clear sunlight suddenly peeks through the snow cover. The cold weather gives way to the first thaw. The sun now stays above the horizon longer, and although it is still very weak, willows are nevertheless appearing in the forest, and buds are breaking out on the willow with soft fluffy dots - a joyful sign of an imminent spring. The snow hardens and becomes covered with an icy crust, the paths are now trampled, the roads have a smooth track.
February in the folk calendar
"February - winter meets spring for the first time"
The sun will soon begin to warm up, and the winter birds will fly away, and as Makary’s Day came - February 1st, they began to think about the upcoming spring, looking at the signs. If the weather is clear in the first days of February, then the early arrival of spring is expected. Well, if a blizzard blows up Efimiya on February 2, then spring will be delayed in its arrival. By February 4, it was believed that Timofey-Poluzimnik was halfway through the winter.
There is still a long way to go in winter, and it is too early for the snowstorms and frosts to let nature go, but still the other half is a warm winter, and by spring the movements become more noticeable. Spring is still far away, but Aksinya the Spring Pointer is already predicting spring. Every day there are signs. Whatever weather Aksinya brings, this will be the weather in spring. But the wind has already risen. If the winds blow on February 10 - Ephraim, spring and summer will seem damp. On February 14, they looked at Tryphon in the night sky. There are a scattering of stars, then you will have to wait a long time for spring.
Winter in Russian poetry
Let's turn to the work of A.S. Pushkin, who understood how much fun snow brings to children, how many adventures and games winter nature, harsh but not dull, will give them. The poet also mentions the skating rink:
"Neater than fashionable parquet
The river shines
Dressed in ice.
Boys are a joyful people
Skates cut the ice noisily..."
Pushkin also mentions other children’s games:
"Here is a yard boy running,
Having planted a bug in the sled,
Transforming himself into a horse;
The naughty man has already frozen his finger:
It's both painful and funny for him..."
In the poems of other Russian poets, nature in winter is also presented in a variety of ways - romantic, menacing, sad, and cheerful. Sergei Yesenin dedicated many lyrical lines to nature; in winter, it seemed to him sleeping and majestic:
"Bewitched by the invisible,
The forest slumbers under the fairy tale of sleep.
Like a white scarf
A pine tree is tied."
February: intersection with spring
Description of the winter nature of February (III - IV week)
From mid-February, sometimes in the very February frosts with snowstorms and freezing winds, winter intersects with spring, the harbinger of which is the first bright, seemingly almost warm, rays of the sun. Sunlight shows its brightness and persistence, penetrating into all particles of sleeping winter nature. It seemed that spring would come any day now, but winter would not give up its power over the sleeping kingdom of nature for a long time, and only towards the end of the month the sun began to break through the white haze more often and warm the hands, cheeks and bare brown branches of the trees.
Icicles begin to ring under the influence of the daytime sun to indicate the approach of spring. Snow piles are covered with a darkening crust. The last frosts will thunder and spring will arrive on the threshold.
Over the long months of winter sleep, nature has had plenty of rest and gained strength for new growth. The forest, trees, bushes, insects, the entire flora are ready to wake up as soon as the long-awaited warmth comes. The warm rays of the sun that have barely broken through are only encouraging nature to rise; winter will not recede immediately. How long will she, with her harsh character, keep the world yearning for awakening in winter captivity, but with the first rays of the sun's warmth, the beginning of the plant season will be laid. Spring is coming!
Second half of February in the folk calendar
“Vlasiy will spill oil on the roads - it’s time for winter to go away”
The very middle of February. The month of February is short, filled with anticipation of spring. And, here, February 15 is a key date - Candlemas. Meeting winter with spring. And the sun is already filled with the forces of spring, and nature is lurking in anticipation, and the people are already preparing to welcome the beauty of spring. At Candlemas they said about spring: if it’s warm and there’s a patter of drops, then the early spring won’t have long to wait, but if there’s snow and cold, then spring won’t come soon, but will take a long time to come with dampness and rain.
Winter does not let go of the cold, and in the end it will hit you with frost. Because of this, February 17 was nicknamed Nikolai the Cold One. And 24 is Vlasyev’s day, so, in general, winter is delaying the arrival of spring with Vlasyev’s frosts, it doesn’t want to just give up. But the short month of February is coming to an end, and with it winter ends its season. The end of winter and the onset of a new spring in Rus' is widely celebrated with Maslenitsa. All week long, pancakes are baked, funny games are played, and an effigy is burned. Farewell winter. And along with winter, on “Forgiveness Sunday,” they asked their acquaintances, relatives, and friends for forgiveness. So, with dancing and festivities, they said goodbye to the winter and rejoiced in the spring. Spring came!
Winter in Russian painting
Many artists see winter differently; for some, winter is serenity and loneliness, as in the famous painting by I. Levitan “Winter in the Forest”; for others, it is a joyful time of year, which people spend in songs and dances in anticipation of spring. A striking example of this is V. Surikov’s painting “The Capture of a Snowy Town.” One way or another, it is safe to say that many of them considered winter to be the original Russian season.
(Painting by K. Yuon “Winter Sorceress”)
The real opposite of the painting “Winter in the Forest” is the creation of Konstantin Yuon “Winter Sorceress”. The picture simply radiates positivity, because it depicts children having a lot of fun playing in the snow. Here winter appears to us as a source of cheerful mood. By the way, Konstantin Yuon has many works in which he admired the winter landscape, because for him this is his favorite time of year, a time of miracles and magic.
4.02.2016
4.02.2016
FEBRUARY EVENTS
1699
Peter I issues the first decree on the execution of the fortress, treaties and petitions on stamped paper. “Pay your taxes and sleep well” is a relevant slogan, but, alas, it does not provide any real guarantees of peace.
1788
The first American steamship is patented.
1816
The “Union of Salvation” is formed - the first secret political organization of the Decembrists.
1865
US President Lincoln signed a congressional resolution amending the 13th Amendment to the US Constitution to abolish slavery. National Freedom Day in the USA.
1951
The third atomic bomb test at the Nevada Test Site was the first nuclear explosion shown on television.
1992
Russian and US Presidents Boris Yeltsin and George H. W. Bush sign a joint declaration at Camp David to end the Cold War.
962
Invited by the exiled Roman Pope John XII, the German king Otto I helps him, and as a reward receives the imperial crown from the hands of the pope. Thus the Holy Roman Empire of the German nation was founded.
1238
The troops of the Tatar Khan Batu capture and destroy Moscow.
1536
The Spaniard Pedro Mendoza founded the city of Buenos Aires, the current capital of Argentina, on the western bank of La Plata, south of the Parana delta.
1701
Peter I issued a decree on the construction of six 18-gun ships on Ladoga (the beginning of the creation of the Baltic Fleet).
1709
Scottish sailor Alexander Selkirk is picked up by the sailors of the ship, commanded by Captain Thomas Dover. He spent five years on a desert island in the Pacific Ocean and will be immortalized by Daniel Defoe as the inspiration for Robinson Crusoe.
1870
The Reuters agency, having signed an agreement with two other agencies, is the first in the world to cover all countries of the world with its information network.
1887
In the United States, Groundhog Day was officially celebrated for the first time.
1943
The day of the defeat of Nazi troops by Soviet troops in the Battle of Stalingrad. Day of military glory of Russia. Established by the Federal Law of the Russian Federation “On the Days of Military Glory (Victory Days) of Russia”, adopted by the State Duma on February 10, 1995.
1970
The first nerve transplant to a person was performed in a Munich clinic.
1754
Russian merchants present Empress Elizabeth with a 56-carat diamond in gratitude for the destruction of internal customs in Russia.
1769
The first paper money was issued in Russia - banknotes.
1966
The Soviet station Luna-9 made the world's first soft landing on the Moon.
2000
Former members of the legendary Swedish group ABBA are refusing the $1 billion they were offered for a reunion tour with the original lineup.
2005
The world's most expensive newspaper was published in China. The special edition of the Economic Daily in Shenzhen is printed on gold paper. The cost of a copy of the newspaper is 8 thousand dollars. The newspaper issue is called “China's Time of Prosperity.” Since this is the first such case in history, the newspaper is included in the Guinness Book of Records.
1498
For the first time in Rus', a royal wedding ceremony borrowed from Byzantium is being performed. The “First Crowned” is the 15-year-old grandson of the Grand Duke of Moscow Ivan III Vasilyevich, Dmitry Ivanovich.
1717
A book about the rules of behavior for young people is being published in St. Petersburg - “An Honest Mirror of Youth, or an Indication for Everyday Conduct.”
1719
Tsar Peter I signed a decree on conducting the first census of the population of Russia.
1720
Peter I issued a decree on the construction of barriers in St. Petersburg. They will be installed at the ends of the streets and lowered at night to prevent robbers and thieves from entering the capital. The armed guard will allow only doctors, healers, priests, messengers and noble citizens into the city, and those approaching the outpost must hold a lit torch in their hands.
1722
In Russia, the “Table of Ranks” is being introduced - a law on the procedure for civil service in the Russian Empire (ratio of ranks by seniority, sequence of ranks).
1725
An expedition set out from St. Petersburg to the east under the command of Vitus Bering, whom Peter I ordered three weeks before his death to find out the existence of an isthmus or strait between Asia and America.
1935
The first test train is running in the Moscow metro.
1744
The Russian Empress Elizaveta Petrovna orders people to stay on the right side of the street when driving.
1850
The first calculating machine, an adding machine, was patented in the United States.
1878
Vera Zasulich makes an attempt on the life of St. Petersburg mayor F.F. Trepov, seriously wounding him. The history of Russian terrorism will begin with this shot.
1979
Ayatollah Khomeini declared Iran an Islamic state.
1722
In Quebec, abandoning one's children is a crime punishable by death.
1900
Russian scientist Alexander Stepanovich Popov was the first in the world to transmit a distress signal by radio at sea (a radiogram to the commander of the icebreaker Ermak).
1971
American astronauts Alan Shepard and Edgar Mitchell walk on the surface of the Moon.
1238
The Mongol army of Khan Batu, after the siege of Vladimir, captures the city by storm. Princes Vsevolod and Mstislav and their retinue die in battle.
1914
In the United States, the film Kid Auto Races in Venice is released, in which Charlie Chaplin first appears in the guise of a familiar tramp with a mustache, baggy trousers, a cane and a bowler hat.
1992
Day of remembrance of all Russian new martyrs who suffered for their faith during the years of persecution of the church. Since this year, it has been celebrated annually according to the establishment of the Council of Bishops of the Russian Orthodox Church.
1724
By order of Emperor Peter I, the Russian Academy of Sciences was established by decree of the government Senate. Since 1999, by decree of the President of the Russian Federation, this day has been celebrated as the Day of Russian Science.
1826
A decree was signed to issue a patent to the Venetian Anton de Rossi for the manufacture of a model of the Russian capital, the city of St. Petersburg. Soon after this, the model itself will be presented to the public at a scale of 1:240.
1837
Duel A.S. Pushkin with Dantes on the Black River.
1924
The first flight of the first Soviet passenger aircraft AK-1.
1928
The world's first transmission of a television signal across the ocean is made - from London to New York.
1945
Soviet pilot M.P. Devyatayev made a heroic escape from a fascist concentration camp on a German plane.
1725
Catherine I ascends to the Russian throne with the support of Peter's guard.
1818
The first 8 volumes of “History of the Russian State” by N. M. Karamzin are published.
1897
The first all-Russian one-day population census. According to the Central Statistical Committee, the population of Russia (excluding Finland) is 128.2 million people.
1923
Birthday of Russian Civil Aviation. On this day, the Council of Labor and Defense adopted a resolution “On the organization of the Civil Aviation Council” and “On the assignment of technical supervision of air lines to the Main Directorate of the Air Fleet.”
1636
The first documentary mention of the iron.
1784
The city and military port of Akhtiar receive a new name - Sevastopol, which translated from Greek means “majestic city”, “city of glory”.
1827
The Russian Naval Academy was founded in St. Petersburg.
1993
The first ever visit of a Pope to an Islamic country begins - in the capital of Sudan, Khartoum, John Paul II meets with the head of the government of Sudan.
1996
The IBM supercomputer Deep Blue defeated Garry Kasparov for the first time.
2003
Diplomat's Day. The professional holiday was established by Decree of the President of Russia No. 1279 to commemorate the 200th anniversary of the Russian Foreign Ministry.
1718
Having angered Peter I, his son, Tsarevich Alexei Petrovich, who fled Russia in 1716, was finally brought to Moscow as a result of a complex operation in which all means were used - diplomacy, deception, and blackmail. A terrible investigation begins. At the end of June, the prince will be martyred in the Peter and Paul Fortress in St. Petersburg. His royal father will take the most active part in the torture.
1720
On the instructions of Peter I, peasant Efim Nikonov begins the construction of a “hidden” vessel he himself invented - a prototype of a submarine. In a year, the submarine model will be tested. By 1724, a real submarine would be built, but after Peter’s death, Nikonov’s invention would be forgotten.
1809
Robert Fulton patents the steamboat.
1929
As a result of the signing of the Lateran Agreements, the Vatican State was formed.
1830
The "Complete Collection of Laws of the Russian Empire" has been published. (according to the old style 31.01).
1908
1914
The first flight of the Ilya Muromets aircraft designed by Sikorsky with 16 passengers on board was an unprecedented achievement at that time.
1498
For the first time, the word “accountant” is used in writing, which literally means “book holder” in German. The Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I signed a decree: “We command the clerk of our chamber, the trusted and diligent scribe who keeps the books, to henceforth be called an accountant, which Christoph Stecher should now be.”
1842
Nicholas I signed a decree on the construction of the St. Petersburg - Moscow railway.
1921
Funeral of Prince Kropotkin - scientist and anarchist. On this day, all anarchists held in them are released from Moscow prisons on parole. After the funeral at the Novodevichy cemetery, which took the form of a mass demonstration, they all returned to their places of detention as one, confirming the slogan “anarchy is the mother of order.”
1934
The Chelyuskin steamship, crushed by ice in the Chukchi Sea, is sinking. The Chelyuskinites will have to spend 2 months on a drifting ice floe.
1940
Mikhail Afanasyevich Bulgakov finished the novel “The Master and Margarita”.
269
According to legend, during the time of Emperor Claudius there lived a Christian preacher, Valentin. The emperor forbade soldiers to marry. And Valentin secretly sealed the union of lovers. The emperor, having learned about this, ordered his head to be cut off. Since 1777, Valentine's Day in the United States has been celebrated as a holiday for all lovers.
1918
A new style calendar (Gregorian) is being introduced in Russia. The period from February 1 to February 13, 1918 will fall out of the Russian calendar.
399
The philosopher Socrates is sentenced to death.
The Communist Manifesto, written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, is published in London.
1914
Emperor Nicholas II announced the start of a campaign against excessive alcohol consumption.
1989
Soviet troops have completely withdrawn from Afghanistan. Day of Remembrance of Internationalist Soldiers.
63
An earthquake in Pompeii (described by Seneca), 16 years before the destruction of the city as a result of the eruption of Vesuvius.
1571
Ivan the Terrible approved the first military charter in Russia - “The Verdict on Village and Guard Service,” developed by governor Mikhail Vorotynsky.
1957
The USSR established a medal “For saving drowning people.”
1973
When announcing the exchange of party documents in the USSR, it was decided to issue ticket number 1 to Lenin, and ticket number 2 to Brezhnev.
1978
The first computer BBS (“electronic bulletin board”) appeared in Chicago.
1598
After the death of Tsar Fyodor Ioannovich, the last of the Rurik dynasty, the Zemsky Sobor elected Boris from the Godunov family to the kingdom, the founder of which is considered to be Murza Chet, who came to Moscow from the Golden Horde under Ivan Kalita.
1600
Giordano Bruno was burned in Rome.
1852
The Hermitage Museum was opened in St. Petersburg.
1863
The International Red Cross organization was founded in Geneva, initially a voluntary society for helping prisoners of war, sick and wounded soldiers.
1976
A resolution was adopted by the Central Committee of the CPSU and the Council of Ministers of the USSR on the creation of the Buran MTKK.
1762
Peter III approved the “Manifesto on the granting of liberty and freedom to the Russian nobility.” According to this decree, nobles are exempted from compulsory military and civil service and receive the right to home education and travel abroad. The decree is of enormous importance for the entire further development of science and culture in Russia.
1855
Alexander II ascends the throne.
1861
A united Italian kingdom is proclaimed. Victor Emmanuel II is proclaimed King of a united Italy at the first meeting of the Italian Parliament.
1930
American amateur astronomer Clyde Tombaugh discovered the 9th planet of the solar system - Pluto. This will be announced on March 13th.
1969
The premiere of Andrei Rublev by Andrei Tarkovsky at the House of Cinema in Moscow after long ordeals and delays caused by the authorities.
1979
For the first time in centuries, snow falls in the Sahara Desert.
1651
1826
Adjunct Professor Lobachevsky presents his essay “A Concise Exposition of the Elements of Geometry...” to the Physics and Mathematics Department of Kazan University. Non-Euclidean geometry is born, which will revolutionize ideas about space.
1878
Thomas Edison patented the phonograph, the first device for recording and reproducing sound.
1938
The world's first drifting scientific station, "North Pole-1", where I. D. Papanin, E. K. Fedorov, P. P. Shirshov, E. T. Krenkel spent the winter, completed its work. By the end of the expedition, the ice floe had shrunk to a fragment measuring 50 by 30 meters.
1954
The Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR was adopted on the transfer of the Crimean region from the RSFSR to the Ukrainian SSR.
1986
Since this year, after the ban on whale hunting, it has been celebrated as World Whale Day.
1705
The first general recruitment has been announced in Russia
1803
The decree on “free cultivators”, allowing landowners to set peasants free and assign land to them as their property, which for the first time creates a category of personally free peasants.
1819
Foundation of St. Petersburg University.
1901
The Church Gazette announces the excommunication of Leo Tolstoy from the Orthodox Church.
1940
The famous couple, Tom and Jerry, appeared on screen for the first time in the film Puss Gets the Boot.
1431
The trial of Joan of Arc begins.
1848
Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels published the Communist Manifesto.
1947
In the USA, Edwin Land demonstrates for the first time the Polaroid camera he created, which within a minute produces a black and white photograph.
1956
The world's first video film is being presented.
1961
The Novosti Press Agency (APN), now RIA Novosti RAMI, was created.
1992
The UN Security Council decides to send troops to Yugoslavia.
2000
At the initiative of the 30th session of the General Conference of UNESCO, International Mother Language Day is celebrated for the first time this year.
1786
Catherine II orders that papers be signed in her name “loyal subject” instead of “slave.”
1886
1455
The first book was published by Johannes Gutenberg.
1819
New birth of the Great Bell from the Ivan the Great Bell Tower. The bell, destroyed by the French in the War of 1812, is being cast anew.
1918
In the USSR, there was a massive mobilization of volunteers into the Red Army, in connection with the German offensive and the general flight of the remnants of the old Russian army. For many years, February 23 will be celebrated in the USSR as the Day of the Soviet Army and Navy. Since 1993 in Russia this day will be Defender of the Fatherland Day.
1943
Britain officially celebrates Red Army Day
1958
The ceremonial laying of the Victory Monument on Poklonnaya Hill in Moscow is taking place, the “monument to the generals,” as some critics will dub this pompous multimillion-dollar project.
1993
Defender of the Fatherland Day is established.
1466
The first lottery in history was held in the Belgian city of Bruges, evidence of which is preserved in written sources.
1881
Construction of the Panama Canal began.
1942
The first broadcast of the Voice of America radio station.
1973
The program “Obvious-Incredible” was broadcast on television for the first time.
1573
The Russian pioneer printer Ivan Fedorov published a new edition of the Apostle in Lvov.
1946
The Red Army was renamed the Soviet Army.
1797
In St. Petersburg, in honor of the Archangel Michael, the foundation stone of the Mikhailovsky Castle is solemnly laid, which will become the residence of Emperor Paul I.
1987
The Church of England allows women to become priests.
1917
The Arsenal and the Winter Palace were captured. The autocracy is overthrown. The activities of the “Provisional Committee of the State Duma...” begin. The Executive Committee of the Council of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies of Petrograd is formed.
1943
The USSR adopted a resolution on the introduction of a marshal's distinctive sign - the Marshal's Star.
1994
The coat of arms of the Russian Black Sea Fleet has been approved.
1525
The last Aztec emperor, Cuauhtemoc, was executed by the Spanish conquistador Cortes.
1716
The expedition of Guard Captain Belovich-Cherkassky to the Caspian Sea began, as a result of which the first map of the Caspian Sea will be compiled.
1913
Niels Bohr proposed a planetary model of the structure of the atom.
1950
The Soviet ruble begins to be calculated at the rate of gold, and not the dollar, as it has been since 1937.
1996
Russia becomes the 39th member of the Council of Europe. One of the main conditions for its acceptance into this organization was the imposition of a moratorium on the use of the death penalty.
1288
In Scotland, a law came into force: a man who refused to marry a woman who proposed to him was required to pay a fine.
1860
The first electric computer - the predecessor of the calculator - was invented by Herman Hollerith.
1960
The White House said American children have become too fat.
Still everywhere in the sleeping park
The sad air of winter's sleep blows,
But the snow lying around is dazzling and bright.
K. Fofanov
The month of February is the eve of spring. This is the month of the last frosts, prickly blizzards and snow drifts.
“Lute” is the Old Russian name for February. This final month of winter in some years can be very severe and is not even inferior in severity. “February is offended for days, that’s why it’s angry,” says the saying. Due to the abundance of snowfalls and blizzards, it was also called “snowfall”.
The ancient Romans called it februarius. This month was dedicated to the god of the underworld Februus.
“Blizzards and blizzards flew away in February” and “February blows away the winter,” people say. The Russian folk song “A blizzard is blowing along the street”... is probably written about this month.
The average monthly air temperature in Russia is minus 12-14 degrees. The lowest average temperature in Russia, up to 38-45 degrees below zero at night, was observed in 1966, 1967, 1976, 1979, and in 1958, 1963, 1973, 1975, 1978 and 1980 the maximum temperature during the daytime increased to 3-5 degrees of heat. During February, snow cover continues to increase; On some days there are fogs and ice. Monthly precipitation is 23-25 mm.
I would like to say a few words about the features of this winter. It turned out to be unusually snowy and blizzardy. Old-timers have not remembered such heavy and frequent snowfalls for a long time. Suffice it to say that during this winter, on average, precipitation in Russia was 2.5 times more than the average, and this February turned out to be the coldest month of winter.
February, as people say, is a two-faced month: both lute and bokogray. “February is fierce, like God, and he’s not bad himself: he draws, paints, smells the red spring,” “February - crooked roads,” “February is sideways warm - it warms you up from the side, and in the shade the frost grabs your nose,” “Winter with spring meets for the first time” and “February-father - blizzards” - these are the sayings about this time of year. And each of them accurately notes the features of the last month of winter.
Snowdrifts reach their largest size in February. As usual, the first ten days of the month is the coldest, blizzard time, the time of strong snowstorms. Reservoirs freeze to great depths, and there are often nights with cracking frosts. In gardens, parks, and forests, sometimes a strong cracking sound is heard - these are frost cracks appearing on trees with hard wood from a sharp change in day and night temperatures. To protect trees from damage, it is recommended to coat the lower part of the trunks with lime mortar, since fungal spores can penetrate into the tree through frost cracks and cause it to rot.
During the day, the sun begins to warm up slightly, the tree trunks on the south side thaw, and icicles appear on the roofs; during the thaw, the snow is covered with an ice crust on top - an infusion. This is a month of contrasts. In February there is a struggle between winter and spring. Frosts in mid-February are the last effort of winter before the approaching spring. Despite sunny days, it freezes even deeper, and this is due to the fact that about 90% of solar energy is reflected by the snow-white surface. Snow not only cools the earth's surface, but also protects it from deep freezing and helps preserve the life of animals and plants. near the surface of the snow it is colder, and therefore heavier; because of this heterogeneity, it seems to slow down its mobility and reduce the strength of the wind. Snow also affects air humidity; like any precipitation, it can evaporate and purify the air.
Day by day it becomes lighter, the sky is increasingly illuminated by the sun, bright, but still powerless to give warmth. The days are getting longer and clearer.
Warm February is usually accompanied by spring with frosts; it is not for nothing that people say: “February lets in the water, but March picks it up,” “If February is not cold, March thinks badly of it.”
Winter gives its last battle in its last month, so February is a time of contrasts. There are still frosts and blizzards raging, but you can already feel the approach of spring.
As the day increases (and it has increased by 1.5 hours compared to February), typically spring daily fluctuations in air temperature are observed.
Our ancestors were not stingy with nicknames for February. They called him a blizzard: “February-blizzard is a fierce month, he asks how he’s wearing his shoes.” In those days when the New Year was celebrated in March, February was called “cut”: it cut off one year from another. It was both low water (the border between winter and spring), and snowfall, and lute. And for the second half of February, another of its nicknames is most suitable - “side warmer”: on the sunny side it begins to warm up.
On February 15, as people said, winter meets spring. Overgrown icicles hung from the roofs, shading the first, still timid, drops. Previously, spring was judged like this: if a thaw sets in on that day, it means an early and warm spring, if the cold turns away, it’s a cold spring, and if snow falls on that day, it’s a long and rainy spring.
February is noticeable blue. The muted blue glow of snowdrifts, forest edges, and bright village streets.
Birds suffer greatly from blizzards, winter cold and lack of food. It would seem that crows are hardy, and often after snowfalls and blizzards it happened to find them dead in the snow.
Everything in the forest is white and white. The snow glitters and sparkles in the sun. In the sparkles of frost, the silent forest sleeps, fluffy, dormant. The green velvet of needle-shaped needles shines brightly, and the openwork curly birch trees shine white. There are lush, whimsical snowdrifts all around.
Bird behavior is changing. Forest drummers - woodpeckers - begin to tap out shots on sushinas. Far, far through the forest, the knocking sound of the forest healer - the spotted woodpecker, is heard, the ringing cry of the woodpecker. You can hear the short silvery song of the pika and the whistle of the nuthatch. In the vastness of the sky, black crows swoop in their mating flight. The surrounding forests and fields are often resounding with their intermittent, guttural scream of “kr-rog, kr-rog.” Exciting and musical in their own way. The proximity of spring has revived these gloomy birds. Magpies chirp like spring, increasingly flying away from populated areas into the forest. But there are still a lot of hooded crows and jackdaws in the cities, but their flight is becoming more cheerful and playful. At the end of February, red-browed male slashers and more modestly dressed yellowish-gray female grouse begin to stay in the forest thickets near their future leks. It's warmer and quieter here. They sit in the trees longer than usual, muttering something. Wood grouse live in pine forests and near remote ravines, hazel grouse live in spruce and birch forests. Black grouse, wood grouse and hazel grouse stop spending the night in the snow as soon as the crust appears. There are cases of the death of these birds during overnight roosts, when after a daytime thaw it freezes at night and the birds are unable to break through the ice cap. Capercaillies fly from the trees onto the snow, leaving chains of crosses on it.
Elegant bullfinches, lively tap dancers and crested waxwings are gradually disappearing from the forest.
In the sunshine, the first, at first timid, spring voices of great tits are heard: “Zinziver, zinziver, zinziver.” These fidgety birds are beautiful and agile. Their breast is yellow, their head is black, their cheeks are white, and they have a black tie under their neck. And the sparrows perked up, chirping with all their might on the midday side of the cornice. Apparently, they also sensed spring.
Many animals are entering mating season - the rut. Foxes run in pairs. Their hoarse, abrupt bark will warn you about this. The cunning fox has difficulty finding food for itself. During walks, you have to listen more often because the smell of voles penetrates very weakly from under the icy snow. It seems that only wolves have freedom at this time. In loose, deep snow, it is not easy for them to catch a hare, and as soon as a strong crust appears, the wolves will be able to quickly get their food. In February, wolves begin their rut. Wolf packs disintegrate, seasoned predators separate from the wild ones, and they also form pairs. Fierce fights take place, in which the stronger and more dexterous male wins. By the end of the month, pairs of wolves make lairs in forest crepes and swamps. The forest giants-elks threw off their heavy “crown” - wide spade-shaped antlers. They have a wedding party in the fall. By this time, the horns will grow, and they will become even more beautiful and powerful than before - the number of processes on them will increase. At this time, it is difficult for moose to move to find food, so they live in limited areas of the forest. In the dens of female bears small cubs appear, about the size of a fist, weighing 0.5 kg each. There are from one to four, most often two; They are born blind and helpless; they begin to see within a month. And although the bear herself does not eat anything all winter, she feeds them with her milk until spring. Some hares also have “weddings”: several of them gather in one place and they organize something like dancing and running competitions in the snow. Only the fastest one can be chosen by the hare.
Paired tracks are becoming more and more common. Only during snowfalls and blizzards do they sit out in their nests (gaynas), not daring to descend from the trees to the ground. On the clear sunny days of February, males look for females and quarrel among themselves. If you hesitate a little, you will not only be without a mate, but you will also become easy prey for the marten - this careful and dexterous animal.
The beavers break the ice and climb out into the wild.
After snowy winters, a large number of the most numerous shrews or shrews in our republic are observed, which are easily recognized by their elongated muzzle, in the form of a proboscis, velvety fur and small beady eyes. During snowy winters, these insectivorous animals easily find food under the snow. And if in the summer shrews feed mainly on insects, mollusks, earthworms, small brown frogs and even mouse-like rodents, then in the winter they switch to fallen seeds of birch, linden and spruce. It is known that shrews cannot remain without food for more than 6 hours - they die. The round-the-clock activity of these animals and their high numbers indicate their great importance in the life of the forest.
In winters with little snow and severe frosts, when the soil freezes deeply, a large number of moles, also belonging to the order of insectivores, die.
Ice fishing improves in the second half of February. Species such as bream, silver bream, roach, and bluegill begin to emerge from the depths into shallower places. They are caught using various jigs, hooks with bloodworms and donks with worms. But not everyone is lucky. Those who catch it and those who don’t will return home empty, without a catch. You need to know when, where and how to get fish.
Northern burbot have spawned, are holding in the shallows and are good for bait.
The hunt for wolves, foxes and other fur-bearing animals continues.
The river expanses of the Greater Volga are bound by thick ice and the earth is wrapped like a white shroud. It’s bad for animals and birds now. There is no food, and the cold is really chilling. That’s why they huddle closer to human habitation, in case something falls. It’s good only for those who have stored a sufficient amount of food in their cozy holes and hollows since the fall. It’s not for nothing that according to Vitaly Bianchi’s forest calendar, February is called “the month of severe hunger.” But the spruce crossbill even hatches its chicks in the winter cold and finds enough food to feed them in the spruce cones. These small birds feed their offspring only pine seeds, softened in the crop. These seeds, ripening by the end of autumn, remain in the cones until March, and then the warm spring sun opens the scales of the cones, and the seeds from them, equipped with winged sails, either fly through the air or glide along the smooth surface of the snow. Fallen needles appear in the snow around the fir trees.
When there is a bountiful harvest, there are many “guests” in the spruce forest. In addition to crossbills, other birds also feed on spruce seeds, and nomadic squirrels stop there. Woodpeckers are big fans of spruce seeds. Having picked a cone and secured it in a crack in the trunk or fork of a tree - a kind of “forge” - the woodpecker rests its tails on the tree and guts it. Squirrels and voles diligently select cones under the spruce tree. It is believed that if there is a good harvest of cones in the forest, then there will be a lot of mouse-like rodents - mice and voles, and, consequently, foxes, martens, and weasels will have numerous offspring. After all, voles are the main food for these valuable fur-bearing animals.
Collective and state farms continue to work on snow retention, transporting organic fertilizers to the fields, and repairing agricultural equipment. People say: “Where the cars are running, it’s easy and hard.”
Folk signs about the weather and sayings:
The forest is noisy in winter - expect a thaw.
If he steps out on the ice in the cold, it will be soon
big thaw.
A cat scratches the floor (wall) - into the wind, into a blizzard.
A foggy circle near the sun means a blizzard.
Two friends - frost and blizzard.
There are frosts in January, snowstorms in February.
Long February icicles promise a long spring.
February rostepel is worth nothing. As it comes back to haunt you in February, it will respond in the fall. The short guy is angry that he hasn’t been given enough days.
February brings the winter to a close and shows the way to the new season.
A magpie climbs under the eaves - towards the blizzard.
The February blizzard is sweeping across the earth, angry with frosts, generously pouring snow, making noise with blizzards, but spring is just around the corner. Her steps are becoming more noticeable.