What trees with white bark. Forest species of trees and shrubs in central Russia
porridge tree with white bark
Alternative descriptionsDeciduous tree.
City (since 1940) in Belarus, Brest region, on the Yaselda River
Tree, symbol of Russia
Poem by S. Yesenin
Operetta Russian composer A. G. Novikova “Black...”
Medicinal plant
A tree that gives people sap, firewood and brooms
I stood in the field
Tree supplying tar
A tree that makes noise in Russia somehow in a special way
. “a Russian beauty is standing in a clearing, wearing a green blouse and a white sundress” (riddle)
. “green, but not a meadow, white, but not snow, curly, but without hair” (riddle)
White trunk tree
The tree that helped our ancestors until paper was invented
Tree that gives sap
Covered up with snow at Yesenin's
Juice and tar supplier
. "earring" tree
. “white... under my window” (Yesenin)
There was a curly girl standing in the field
Russian national “analog” of the palm tree
Tree of the birch family
City in Belarus, in the Brest region
A tree that gives people sap, firewood and brooms
. "White... under my window" (Yesenin)
. "Earring-bearing" tree
. “green, but not a meadow, white, but not snow, curly, but without hair” (riddle)
. “a Russian beauty is standing in a clearing, wearing a green blouse and a white sundress” (riddle)
deciduous tree
Tree with catkins
F. Betula tree, white species, alba, Kamcha. fresh, or rather fresh, from the old. Breza; A species or species of birch very close to the white one is the woolly birch; there is also a holly birch; she is from the gray family. The white birch is also called cheerful, and the woolly birch is also called swamp, black, and deaf. Karelian birch, birch svil, blona, naplav, burl, birch. black, Daurica. stone stone Ermanni. bush, birch dwarf, slate, slank, fruticosa et papa. fluffy, pubescens. weeping, modification, simple breed. Birch, as an answer to the matchmaker, consent; pine, spruce, oak, failure. The birch tree is not a threat: where it stands, it makes noise. Birch gives wisdom, about rods. God created a fool, created both the birch and the chiliga, the same thing. If the birch tree becomes hairy in advance, then expect a dry summer, and if the alder tree, expect a wet summer. The birch tree will belittle. young birch, also species, b. undersized, humilis; birch yernik, slate, slank, papa. Plant. Convolvulus, dodder, dodder, honeydew, loach, bindweed, bindweed; midwife, dodder, ruler; plant Pyrola rotundifolla, hoofwing, rouge, underfoot; minor, white hare. In St. Petersburg, birch became the general name for any deciduous tree, just as fir-tree became the name for a coniferous tree. On Semik, girls curl a birch tree, a custom and fortune telling: they go into the forest, curl a birch tree with a wreath, worship, baptize a cuckoo, become sisters, exchanging crosses, and dance in a circle around a birch tree decorated with ribbons, bringing it to the village. Sent to count birches, exiled to Siberia, along the high road. Berezina one birch, one tree, standing or felled. Birch firewood. Feed someone birch porridge and do some quilting. For me, at least white birch grows! I don't care. Birch lip, sponge, birch bark. Boletus igniarius, genus of fungus, growth on old birch stumps, tinder. Edible birch mushroom, Boletus scaber et luteus; woodcock bird, see snipe. Bereznik, birch forest m. Berezuga w. bonfire clean birch forest, grove; birch trash, brushwood, dry wood; hard mushroom cellar Berezovka, birch w. vodka infused with birch buds, or distilled through them. Berezovitsa, birch tree Berezovnik metro station Psk. birch tree Sib. strained in the spring Birch juice, which, when fermented, forms a sweetish drink. A drunken birch tree is intoxicated with hops. Birch trees are worth a penny, but the forest is worth a ruble. Berezovka, a songbird with feathers similar to a magpie and a long-tailed bird. Berezovnya arch. a tract overgrown with forest growth; this is a sign of comfortable soil and the conversion of moss to transitional soil. Brezozol (berezozol) old. month March or April
Operetta by Russian composer A. G. Novikov “Black...”
Russian national “analog” of palm tree
BIRCHDeciduous tree with white bark.
Proverbs
The birch tree is not a threat: where it stands, it makes noise.
And the birch tree’s tears flow when its bark is torn off.
Birch will warm you up, but not get you dressed.
Puzzles
Alena stands with a green scarf, not caring about the weather,
Slim figure, white sundress. He walks around in a white sundress,
And on one of the warm days
May gives her earrings.
Poems.
White birch The sun slightly warmed the slopes
Under my window And it became warmer in the forest,
Covered with snow Birch green braids
Exactly silver. I hung it from thin branches.
On fluffy branches all in White dress dressed,
Snow border In earrings, in lace foliage
The brushes have blossomed, welcoming the hot summer
White fringe. She is at the edge of the forest.
And the birch tree stands, her light outfit is wonderful,
In sleepy silence, There is no tree dearer to the heart,
And snowflakes are burning and so many thoughtful songs
In golden fire. People sing about her!
And the dawn is lazy, He shares joy and tears with her,
Walking around and she's so good
Sprinkles branches What seems - in the noise of a birch
New silver. Our soul is Russian!
(Yesenin S.A.) (Rozhdestvensky)
Text.
...The light-loving birch tree blossomed. Green leaves and yellow earrings appeared. A warm breeze blew, the earrings swayed, and dry greenish-yellow pollen fell from them.
Nice birch! Its branches fall down, sometimes all the way to the ground, and the mischievous wind plays with them: it picks up the branches and swings them.
Birch leaves rustle in the wind. The white-trunked beauties stand and delight everyone with their beauty.
^ SPARROW
A small bird with brownish-gray plumage, usually living near residential buildings.
Proverbs and sayings.
The word is not a sparrow; if it flies out, you won’t catch it.
An old bird is not caught with chaff.
The sparrow chirps at the cat too.
Puzzles.
Tick-tweet! Naughty boy
Jump to the grains! In a gray army jacket
Peck, don't be shy! Snooping around the yard
Who is this? Collects crumbs.
Poems.
In the field there is a wolf - a wolf is riding, a sparrow is jumping, jumping,
On your bike. Calls out to little children:
Today he overtook - Throw crumbs to the sparrow -
A sparrow and two crows. I'll sing you a song
Only the wind - the breeze Chick-chirp!
There was no way I could overtake it. Throw in millet and barley -
(Sapgir) I'll sing to you all day long
Tick-tweet!
(Belarusian folk song)
What do you wish, sparrow?
I would like a handful of bran
I would like some grains of wheat,
Regular bread crusts.
(Polish folk song)
Text.
The sparrow sat on a birch branch. The cap is brown, there are two light stripes on the wings, and a white rim around the neck.
... Sparrows love to settle in families. This makes it easier to spot danger, and you’ll find food sooner. During the spring and summer, their eggs hatch two or even three times. Small birds fly, chirp, destroy harmful insects, and save plants and trees from pests.
^ CROW
A bird with black or gray plumage.
Proverbs and sayings.
Wherever the crow flies, it looks.
The nightingale sings for a month, and the crow all year round croaks.
You can find a crow's house by croaking.
Burnt child dreads the fire.
The old raven does not croak in vain.
A crow cannot become a falcon.
Tongue Twisters.
The crow missed the crow...
Varvara guarded the chickens, and the crow stole.
Puzzles.
Grayish in color, furtive in habit,
The hoarse screamer is a famous person.
Who is she?
Text.
... The crow has keen eyes, it smells well and from afar hears how a cunning animal is creeping up. The bird is very careful and attentive. As soon as the boy who was throwing stones at the crows comes out into the yard, they immediately fly away. Frightened crows are wary of a man with a gun, but do not pay attention to a man walking with a stick.
In autumn, crows fly south, and in spring they fly back to their native places. Other crows fly in to take their place. northern places, where it’s even colder. Only some old crows stay in native forest throughout the year. Yes, many gossips do not fly south from the cities...
... In winter it is cold and hungry. In severe frosts, crows sit at night, huddling closely together. The head is hidden under the wing and the plumage is fluffed up...
With the onset of spring, when the crows return to their native places, they choose tall tree at the edge of the forest and begin to build a nest. The female and male work together, helping each other.
Time goes fast. Now a squeak was heard in the nest. Chicks have appeared. Parents feed their babies while caring for them.
It's been a while More than a month, and the little ones began to fly. Young crows gather in flocks and fly away to the meadows and river for the day. There's always plenty of food there. They return home only for the night.
^ Woodpecker
Forest climbing bird with a strong beak.
Puzzles.
I'm knocking on wood, Black vest,
I want to get a worm, Red Beret.
Even though it hid under the bark - The nose is like an ax,
It will still be mine! The tail is like a stop.
Even though I'm not a hammer - it knocks all the time,
I knock on wood: Trees are hollowed out.
Every corner is in it, but it doesn’t cripple them,
I want to examine it. But it only heals.
I wear a red hat
And the acrobat is wonderful.
Patter.
Woodpecker sitting on an oak tree
And there is a hollow in the oak tree.
The woodpecker was hammering the tree,
I woke up my grandfather with a knock.
Text.
The woodpecker chisels wood, heals trees: it retrieves harmful insects and their larvae from under the bark and even from the depths of the tree. He has a very long tongue. Ten, or even fifteen centimeters. In addition, it is sticky and has hard ridges. This is how the woodpecker uses its tongue to get insects: they all stick to it or are pricked with notches.
The woodpecker sat down on a tree near a broken branch and began to drum with its beak. It turns out that this is what a woodpecker calls his girlfriend. For her, he “plays” on the bitch. So he says that he is ready to build a house and help hatch the chicks. The woodpecker builds its nest in hollows. He hollows it out most often in rotten trees. The woodpecker's hollow is spacious, but apart from small splinters that remain after construction, there is nothing there. Woodpeckers don't need blades of grass or fluff. Their babies have special thick calluses on their paws. So they don't need bedding. The pads will disappear when the babies grow up and fly out of the hollow.
Like this interesting doctor in a red cap lives in the forest.
^ HARE
A small, shy animal of the rodent family, with long hind legs and large ears.
Proverbs and sayings.
If you chase two hares, you won’t catch either.
For a cowardly bunny, even a tree stump is a wolf.
The hare is already gray - he has seen enough troubles.
The fox lives by cunning, and the hare by agility.
The white hare is good, and the hunter is brave.
Puzzles.
What kind of forest animal is this? Guess what kind of hat it is:
Stood up like a column under a pine tree? A whole armful of fur.
And stands among the grass - Hat runs in the forest,
The ears are larger than the head. It gnaws the bark of the trunks.
Long ear
A ball of fluff,
Jumps deftly
Loves carrots.
Poetry.
Our poor, poor Belyak,
He was in trouble again.
The branch crunched slightly
The bunny thought he was a fox.
All trembling with fear,
Our hare is a fighter!
Text.
Bunnies are born right on the ground, among the grass. The mother hare will feed them and run away. They sit alone, alone. Foxes and wolves run past them, but they don’t say a word. What courage one must have not to move or run away!
The mother hare's milk is fatty and nutritious. The bunnies are well fed for several days. And then, look, another hare runs past and feeds the bunnies again. It turns out that female hares feed not only their own hares, but everyone they meet.
STRAWBERRY
A herbaceous plant of the Rosaceae family, with white flowers, producing fragrant pinkish-red fruits.
^
Folk signs.
Strawberries, viburnum, rose hips in bloom - for russula.
Puzzles.
I'm a drop of summer in the heat of the stumps
On a thin stalk. Many thin stems.
They weave for me every thin stem
Bodies and baskets. Holds a scarlet light.
Who loves me, Unbend the stems -
He is happy to bow. Collecting lights.
And she gave me a name
Native land.
Alenka grows in the grass
In a red shirt.
Whoever passes
Everyone gives a bow.
Text.
Strawberries love sunny edges, light clearings and forest glades most of all. Anthills will tell you her favorite places. Ants build their homes on dry soil and in weak sunshine, just where strawberries grow.
BELL
A herbaceous plant with lilac or dark blue flowers that look like small bells.
Puzzles.
I’m lying there, still silent,
Get up and I’ll talk to everyone.
Eh, bells, blue color,
With a tongue, but no ringing.
Poems.
blue bell
Bowed to you and me.
Bells - flowers
Very polite.
And you?
And what are you calling about?
On a merry day in May,
Among the uncut grass
Shaking your head?
Text.
The bell rejoices at the fine morning, the sun, and summer.
The leaves on the long stem of the plant are carved. Flowers that look like real little bells look down. That's why they were called bells.
Triangles are cut out along the edges of the flower, as if wearing an elegant skirt.
There is a bell, swaying on its stem, welcoming the inhabitants of the forest and guests.
^ FOX
A predatory animal with a sharp muzzle and a long fluffy tail.
Proverbs and sayings.
An old fox is not poisoned by young dogs.
The fox is an old flatterer.
They don't teach an old fox tricks.
A fox always lives better than a wolf.
Puzzles.
Behind the trees and bushes there is a fluffy tail,
Like a flame flashed, golden fur,
It flashed, ran... He lives in the forest,
There is no smoke, no fire. He steals chickens from the village.
What a dangerous beast
Walks around in a red fur coat,
The snow is shoveling away
Are there enough mice?
Fable.
Fox and grapes.
A hungry fox saw a grapevine with hanging grapes and wanted to get to them, but couldn’t. Walking away, she said to herself: “They are still green!”
Likewise, some people cannot achieve success because they lack the strength, and they blame circumstances for this.
Text.
...Foxes rarely attack domestic birds. She hunts rodents more. Voles, mice and gophers are her food. If a shrew gets caught, it will eat it. When she is really hungry, she may attack a hare or partridge. In summer, the fox will not refuse insects and berries.
LARCH
A coniferous tree of the pine family with soft needles that fall off in winter and valuable wood.
^
Folk signs.
Until the larch sheds its needles, there will be no snow.
Puzzles.
A relative has a Christmas tree
Non-thorny needles,
But unlike the Christmas tree
Those needles fall off.
Like pine trees, like fir trees,
And in winter without needles.
Text.
Larch has flat needles that are soft and tender. As soon as the leaves begin to fall on all the trees, the larch turns yellow, and then remains completely without needles. That’s probably why they called this beautiful and slender tree by that name.
It is green in summer and yellow in autumn. In winter, larch without needles is inconspicuous. In winter, its branches are strewn with short shoots - small tubercles, and there are also many elegant small cones on the branches.
In the spring, whole families of leaves will appear from under those same tubercles. The branches will be covered with bunches of green needles. And among them, the cones will light up in the sun with soft smoky-crimson scales.
^ FROG
A tailless amphibian with long hind legs adapted for jumping.
Folk signs.
The frog screams - it's time to sow.
If the frog croaked, there was already a thunderstorm.
Puzzles.
Accentor jumps in the swamp in summer
Not a mouth, but a trap. You will find it.
The Green frog will fall into the trap.
And a mosquito and a fly. Who is this?
He doesn't walk at a pace,
Doesn't run
He just jumps.
Poems.
Whose screams are there at the pond?
Kvass, kvass for us here!
Kva-kva-kvasu, curdled milk,
We're tired of water.
(Tokmakova)
Text.
In some places in the forest the snow has not yet melted. The girl who has just awakened from her winter sleep is slowly jumping across the wet ground. grass frog.
... In the spring, frogs emerge from swamps and ditches, where, buried in the silt, they slept all winter. At this time, they lay eggs in puddles, ponds, lakes and swamps. The eggs hatch into tadpoles, which will grow into baby frogs, which will later become large frogs.
A little time will pass, and as soon as warm days arrive, the rumbling and gurgling of frogs will be heard from the water-filled puddles, ditches and swamps. These pop-eyed singers sing their first song to all the inhabitants of the forest.
The smell of a native pond.
It is known that the frog always strives to return to spawn in its native body of water, where it was once born. Scientists have found that she finds it by smell. For the rest of its life, the frog retains in its memory the one and only aroma of its native pond.
^ RASPBERRY
Shrubby berry plant.
Proverbs and sayings.
After the summer they don’t walk on raspberries.
Raspberries for seven ailments.
Puzzles.
Little red Matryoshka,
Little white heart.
Red beads hang
They are looking at us from the bushes.
Love these beads very much
Children, birds and bears.
Patter.
Raspberries beckoned Marina and Mila,
Marina and Mila love raspberries.
Text.
Raspberries look like large balls, which seem to be collected from small berries. The balls sit on a white cone and, when ripe, are easily removed from it.
This delicious, rosy berry just begs to be put into your mouth.
Raspberries are good for colds. You can pick the berries and dry them, and brew tea with raspberries in winter, and summer kind words recall.
^ BEAR
Large beast of prey with long thick hair and short thick legs.
Proverbs and sayings.
Two bears do not live in the same den.
Anyone who is afraid of a bear is also afraid of its tracks.
For a bear, winter is one night.
The bear stepped on my ear.
Puzzles.
In the summer he walks without a road. He sleeps in a den in the winter.
Near the pines and birches, under a huge pine tree,
And in winter he sleeps in a den, and when spring comes,
Hides your nose from the frost. Wakes up from sleep.
Poetry.
A woodpecker can't sing, not even a teddy bear.
The woodpecker has no hearing, wants to fly to the stars
They say he has a bear and with the Big Dipper
Stepped on my ear. IN blue sky meet.
(Tatyanicheva) (Boyko)
Text.
... The bear looks clumsy, but in fact it is very agile and agile: it can run fast, make big jumps, climb trees and swim. A bear runs faster uphill than on level ground, because hind legs his front ones are longer. The bear walks through the forest carefully, trying not to make noise. Walks slowly. He puts his legs a little inward and clubbing. This is why the bear was nicknamed clubfoot...
In January–February, a female bear gives birth to two or three tiny cubs. Blind, naked, weak. The mother holds the babies on her belly in warm wool and warms them with her hot breath. With the onset of warmth, the cubs leave the den together with the mother bear.
... Summer, unfortunately, will pass quickly. By autumn, the bear stores fat and becomes fat. He makes a den for himself in a recess under an upturned stump with roots. And falls asleep.
Many people believe that a bear in a den sucks its paw. He doesn't suck, but licks it. In winter, the old skin that has become rough over the summer peels off on the soles of bears. Young, tender skin itches and freezes. So the bear licks the soles with a hot tongue and at the same time smacks his lips.
If a bear has not eaten well in the summer, then little fat accumulates under its skin. In winter, he begins to walk and look for food. Such tramps are called connecting rods.
^ANT
A stinging social insect that lives in large colonies.
Folk signs.
If ants suddenly start moving to a dry place with hard ground, then this portends heavy rains.
If ants are looking for dark, moist depressions for housing, expect drought.
Puzzles.
In a clearing near the fir trees We are forest dwellers,
The house is built from needles. Wise builders.
He is not visible behind the grass, made of needles by the whole team
And there are a million residents there. We are building a house under a spruce tree.
In the forest near the stump there is bustle and running around.
The working people are busy all day.
Many masters
They cut down the hut without corners.
Text.
Ants work all the time from sunrise to sunset. And everyone has their own business. Workers collect food and build an anthill. Soldiers guard the house from enemies. And the nannies look after the larvae.
The ant family grows every year, so the anthill needs to be increased. On top it is composed of dry pine needles and twigs. It can be tall, up to two meters. But there is also an underground part of the nest. Everything is there: bedrooms, closets, children's rooms, corridors. Everything you need for the life of a large ant family.
DANDELION
Herbaceous plant of the Asteraceae family with yellow flowers and seeds on fluffy hairs.
^
Folk signs.
Before bad weather, dandelions close, hiding from the rain.
Puzzles.
There is one such flower, I am a fluffy ball,
You can't weave it into a wreath. I turn white in a clean field,
Blow lightly on it: And the breeze blew,
There was a flower - and there is no flower. A stalk remains.
On a green fragile leg
The ball grew near the path.
The breeze rustled
And dispelled this ball.
Poetry.
Golden and young, On a warm sunny day
In a week he turned gray. A golden flower blossomed.
And in two days on a high thin leg
My head is bald. Dandelion by the path.
I'll hide it in my pocket
Former dandelion.
Wears a dandelion
Yellow sundress.
When he grows up, he will dress up
In a little white dress;
Light, airy,
Obedient to the wind.
Text.
How much joy a dandelion brings in spring. The only problem is: it blooms early in the morning, and in the afternoon it already forms a dense bud.
It will shine with gold scatterings, the flower will show off, and then it will begin new life. After some time, you will no longer see bright yellow heads in the clearing; now it is all dotted with gray transparent balls. Each ball contains many small seeds with light fluffy tufts - parachutes.
A fresh breeze blew on the dry balls and carried away the white tufts. Where they land, a new flower will grow in the spring.
^ ASPEN
Deciduous tree with green-white smooth bark.
Proverbs and sayings.
Trembling like an aspen leaf.
Puzzles.
Nobody scares
And everything is shaking.
Poetry.
The aspen will chill, On the aspen
Trembling in the wind, Dewdrops
It's getting cold in the sun, sparkling
Freezing in the heat... In the morning
Give the aspen Mother of Pearl.
Coat and boots –
Need to warm up
Poor aspen.
(Tokmakova)
Text.
Aspen leaves are attached to flexible, flattened stalks. Everyone looks at them and thinks they are about to come off. As soon as a mischievous breeze blows, the brother leaves will knock against each other.
And indeed, the leaves of the aspen tree are constantly shaking. Even when it seems like there is no wind at all.
Autumn will pass, then winter. And the gentle spring sun will again warm the greenish trunk of the aspen. The shiny brown caps will fly off the buds, and hairy earrings, like downy ones, will begin to grow. And behind them green trembling leaves will appear again.
CHAMOMILE
A herbaceous plant of the Asteraceae family with flowers whose petals are usually white and the center is yellow.
Puzzles.
I walked along the path through the meadow, White basket -
I saw the sun on a blade of grass. Golden bottom,
But they are not hot at all. There is a drop of dew in it.
White rays of the sun. And the sun sparkles.
Poems.
Elegant dresses,
Yellow brooches,
There's not a speck
On beautiful clothes.
So funny
These daisies
They're about to start playing
Like children playing tag.
(Serova)
Text.
The white petals of the chamomile seemed to join hands and dance around the yellow sun. The sun, collected from small, small flowers. Yes, yes, from real flowers, which, when the chamomile fades, will produce many seeds of this beautiful plant.
^ ROWAN
A deciduous tree or shrub of the Rosaceae family with bitter orange-red fruits collected in clusters.
Puzzles.
Spring turned green, Autumn came to our garden,
In the summer I got tanned and lit the red torch.
I put it on in the fall. There are blackbirds and starlings scurrying around here.
Red corals. And, noisily, they peck at him.
It's bitter in the hayfield,
And it's sweet in the cold.
What kind of berry?
Poems.
Red berry Bunches of rowan
Rowan gave me. Burning in the sun
I thought it was sweet, Rippling from the rowan
And she is like a hina. In the eyes of the guys.
Is it this berry?
I'm just immature
Is it the cunning rowan tree?
Did you want to make a joke?
(Tokmakova)
Text.
Rowan saves many birds from hunger. Its red clusters among snow-covered trees are visible from afar.
But rowan is beautiful not only in winter. Carved leaves, fragrant flowers in the spring, and bright berries in the fall decorate the forest, making it festive and elegant.
The bullfinches flew away, and crushed berries remained under the tree. They are visible like red buttons on the white snow.
^ TIT
A small motley bird of the passerine order.
Proverbs and sayings.
A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.
The tit began to sing - it bewitches warmth.
Puzzles.
The back is greenish,
The belly is yellowish,
Little black cap
And a strip of scarf.
Poems.
It's very chilly for the bird,
Little titmouse.
I brought it home
Hid it from the frost,
And she sings in winter
Me and all the guys.
(Goncharov)
Text.
In summer, the tit feeds on insects, which are abundant at this time of year. And in winter, tits have a hard time. Some plant seeds can be found, but near the woodpecker it is possible to profit from wintering insects or larvae when it tears the bark from a tree.
Well-fed bird and severe frost not very scary. Well, when a tit is hungry, even a little frost can destroy it. So the birds fly closer to people to feed themselves. Tits are not afraid of man and are grateful to him for his kindness.
The long-awaited warmth is coming. Already in early spring, tits begin to look for a place for their future nest.
Tits are birds with many children. They lay ten or even fourteen eggs. As soon as the chicks are born, the parents are knocked off their feet. They fly in three to four hundred times from dawn to dusk to feed the young.
After about twenty days, the fledged chicks leave the nest, sit on branches and squeak pitifully. They are big, but they still don’t know how to find food for themselves. AND caring parents continue to feed them for the first time. The chicks will get stronger, learn to fly and begin to forage for food themselves.
Before mom and dad have time to rest, they have a new concern. Tits hatch chicks twice during the summer. Eggs are laid in the nest again. And again, the parents feed the chickadees, protect them from danger, and keep them warm.
^ BUFFIN
A small songbird of the finch family, gray with a red breast.
Puzzles.
Red-breasted, black-winged,
Loves to peck grains
With the first snow on the mountain ash
He will appear again.
^ Poems.
Apples on the branches in winter!
Collect them quickly!
And suddenly the apples flew up,
After all, these are bullfinches!
Text.
In winter, bullfinches are very noticeable on the fallen white snow. The red breasts of males are visible from afar. In winter, bullfinches eat rowan and elderberry berries in the forest.
Bullfinches fly interestingly. Their flight is beautiful, reminiscent of waves. Bullfinches sitting on the branches look like red lanterns that decorated the birch tree and made it very elegant.
Unlike many birds, bullfinches sing not only males, but also females. True, the female’s song, unlike the male’s, is similar to a squeak. The plumage of females is more modest. The apron on their chest is not red, but brown. All females have a short thick beak and a black cap.
Bullfinches stay on rowan trees and viburnum bushes, pick off berries and peck at seeds. The fruit pulp is discarded. Obtain seeds from spruce and pine cones Bullfinches can't. Only those seeds that are dropped on the ground remain their share. Birds constantly call to each other with melodious whistles.
^ SORAKA
A bird of the raven family, with white feathers in its wings, emitting a characteristic cry - chirping.
Proverbs and sayings.
The magpie on its tail brought the news.
A magpie doesn't chirp for no reason.
A magpie chirps - it prophesies guests.
Magpies do not build nests in open places.
The magpie will tell the crow, the crow will tell the crow, and the crow will tell the whole city.
Between the crows and the magpie, it caws like a crow.
If a magpie bites once, it will look around ten times.
Puzzles.
Motley fidget, White as snow,
Long-tailed bird, black as a beetle,
The bird is talkative, spinning like a demon,
The most chatty one. She turned and went into the forest.
Poetry.
Been chattering since the morning: Vereshchunya, white-sided
Poor-ra! Poor-ra! And her name is Magpie.
What time is it?
She's such a hassle,
When the magpie chirps.
Text.
.. It turns out that in the dense thickets the magpie was finishing building its nest. The outside of the house was made of thick rods, and the inside of thinner rods. They were intertwined with blades of grass and held together with clay. The bottom of the magpie's nest was also coated with clay. She ended up with a hard, deep bowl inside the nest - a bed for eggs, which the hostess filled with moss, soft grass and wool. The top and sides of the nest were covered with thorny branches, which served as a reliable roof. If you look at the nest from the outside, it looks like a ball with an entrance on one side.
^ GRACE
Large bird of the gallinaceae order.
Folk signs.
Black grouse display in early spring - the cold weather will last a long time.
Black grouse sit on the treetops - for clear weather.
Patter.
Black grouse was sitting in Terenty's cage,
And a black grouse with black grouse in the forest on a branch.
Text.
Black grouse live in small forests. They love berry fields and dry places.
The bird's plumage is black, with a metallic tint. Only under the tail are white feathers and white stripes are visible on the wings. Above the eyes are bright red eyebrows. The tail resembles musical instrument- lyre. And the outer feathers on it seem to be curved for two months. Because of this tail, similar to the scythes used to mow grass, the black grouse is sometimes called a braided grouse.
The female is a red-brown grouse with dark spots. When chicks appear in a black grouse family, they will be the same in color as their mother.
Spring, April, and the black grouse are mating. There are many black grouse on one lek—a dozen, two, or maybe more. Some mutter selflessly, bending their necks to the ground and spreading their tails. Others shout, jump and flap their wings. Others, having met in oncoming jumps, collide with their chests. Eyebrows swollen with blood turn red on black bird heads, white undertails sparkle in the slanting rays of the sun. In general, the current is in full swing.
Where are the black grouse? Brown, dim, inconspicuous, they leisurely stroll about thirty meters away. They'll stand still and then walk lazily again. They walk modestly and as if indifferently. They are pecking at something on the ground. This is an encouragement for singers - like our applause. Having noticed the peck and applause, the black grouse display more excitedly.
In such matters, spring passes. In mid-May, black grouse settle on nests - small holes in the ground among bushes or tall grass.
The grouse will hatch - only their mothers take care of them. They are devoted to their children and selflessly ward off enemies from them, pretending to be wounded: they flutter along the ground as if they cannot take off, fluttering as if with exhausted wings.
CHERYOMUCHA
A tree or shrub of the Rosaceae family with white fragrant flowers collected in racemes, as well as black, tart taste berries of this tree.
Signs.
Bird cherry blossoms early - there will be a warm summer.
When the bird cherry has a lot of color, the summer will be wet.
Puzzles.
As if snowball Bela,
In the spring it bloomed,
It gave off a delicate scent.
And when the time has come,
At once she became
The whole berry is black.
Poems.
Bird cherry fragrant
Bloomed with spring
And golden branches,
That I curled my curls.
Honey dew all around
Slides along the bark
Spicy greens underneath
Shines in silver.
And nearby, by the thawed patch,
In the grass, between the roots,
The little one runs and flows
Silver stream.
Fragrant bird cherry,
Standing hanging,
And the greenery is golden
It's burning in the sun.
The stream is like a thunderous wave
All branches are doused
And insinuatingly under the steep
Sings her songs.
(Yesenin)
Text
As scientists have found, the aroma of bird cherry kills germs. Therefore, to make drinking is not too clean water, just throw a blooming brush of bird cherry into it. But it’s better not to place bouquets of bird cherry in your rooms: it might give you a headache. And the astringent berries of bird cherry help with indigestion.
^ BLUEBERRY
Shrub of the lingonberry family with round black-blue sweet berries.
Folk signs.
If the blueberries are ripe, then so is the rye.
Blueberries are ripening all around to the tune of mosquito songs.
Puzzles.
Chernenka,
Small,
Sweetie,
The guys are cute.
Text.
Blueberries usually grow among coniferous trees. A small berry bush stores moisture for the tree. And the trees with their shade protect the blueberries from the scorching sun.
Here is the blueberry. Low ribbed stems with light green leaves. Small teeth are visible along their edges. The leaves of blueberries are located mainly at the tops of the branches...
Blueberries grow for a long time, almost a hundred years. And the blueberry itself is updated all the time. New, young bushes of this berry are constantly appearing.
Blueberries are not only tasty and healthy, but also used as a dye. In the old days they used to dye flax and wool red and purple. And now they add it to food products when they want to give them this color.
^ LIZARD
A small reptile with an elongated body and long tail and a small head.
Puzzles.
She's like a snake.
Flashes in the grass
The tail wags.
The tail will break off -
Another one will make money.
Runs among the stones
You can't keep up with her.
He grabbed the tail, but - ah!
She ran away with the tail in her hands.
Text.
How lizards throw off their tail.
The ability of lizards to drop their tails in case of danger is well known. This does not mean at all that the lizard’s tail is somehow loosely attached and can be easily torn off. If you do not cause pain to the lizard, it is quite possible to lift it by holding it by the tail. But, feeling pain in the tail from the teeth of the predator, the lizard itself breaks the vertebra by contracting its muscles. All that remains in the enemy's teeth is a twitching tail. It can twitch for up to half a day and is often brightly colored to distract attention.
Later the lizard will grow new tail, but without vertebrae - only with cartilage. If, after several attacks by predators, the tail still does not come off completely, over time the lizard may grow a second, third, or even fourth tail.
Lizards are not cowards at all, giving their tail to their enemy in panic. Many of them can fight quite bravely. There is a known case when sand lizard hissed bravely and with an open mouth rushed at the cat attacking her.
LITERATURE
Alekseev V.A. 300 questions and answers about animals.
Bannikov A.G. We must save them.
Besova M.A. Ecological holidays.
Elkina N.V., Tarabarina T.I. A thousand mysteries.
Zimin V.I., Ashurova S.D. Russian proverbs and sayings.
Zotov V.V. Forest mosaic.
Ivanova E.I. Noah's Ark (Legends, fairy tales, poems and stories about animals of the peoples and writers of the world).
Nadezhdina N.L. Every blade of grass has a brother.
Naimushina L.I. Traveling around Baikal... (entertaining material for children and their parents).
Ozhegov S.I., Shvedova N.Yu. Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language.
Reader on children's literature. Compiled by: Tabenkina A.L., Bogolyubskaya M.K.
Encyclopedia for children “Biology” Editor and compiler Maysuryan A.G.
"Trees in the Forest"- Sticky buds, Green leaves, With white bark Stands under the mountain. That the fruit is my chalk. Love nature! Reflection: Continue the suggested phrase: During the lesson I learned that…. Don't break the bushes! Coniferous. Mixed. Foliar. What wood is a pencil made from? Homework: - draw a forest dweller.
"Wood carving"- For Russia, patterns that predominantly consist of triangles are more typical. If you fall in love with wood carving, you will gain patience. The craftsmen decorated not only the huts, but also all household utensils. And much more. Invoice. Geometric wood carving. Cutting boards. Dihedral-notch Trihedral-notch Tetrahedral-notch Bracket.
"Painting on wood"- The technique used is leaf, shading, outlining. Identify similarities and differences in technique and execution technology. Khokhloma. Wood painting from antiquity to the present day. It probably arose at the end of the 18th century. In the North area graphic painting of the Russian North. Popular abroad. The main motif is a geometric pattern - solar disks, crosses, rhombuses.
"Deciduous and coniferous trees"- Leaves. What do deciduous and coniferous trees have in common? What types of trees are there? What type of trees are shown? Deciduous. Trunk. Coniferous trees. Branches. Conifers. Deciduous trees. Needles.
"Trees, shrubs, grass"- Variety of plants. How do plants affect human health? How are shrubs different from trees and herbs? How are trees different from other plants? Herbs, or herbaceous plants, have soft, succulent stems. How are herbs different from trees and shrubs? Trees Shrubs Herbs. What plants grow in our area?
"Trees in Winter"- Small, round nuts with one wing. And here's what we learned... In winter, you can find fruits on linden branches -... A tree with a tall orange or yellowish trunk? Ash. How to recognize trees in winter? Oak. Pine. Birch. We learned that they grow in Peter and Paul Park. The needles are long and grow in twos, as if glued together.
Russian open spaces are characterized by oak and beech forests. For example, oak-ash floodplain forests (Querceto roboris-Fraxinetum) are typical for the Tisa, Borzhava and Latoritsa terraces. These forests are affected by groundwater levels. And here southern territories covered with oak forests with southern European species oak
Besides, oak forests also common in higher elevations. And in several of these forest areas, ranging from tens to hundreds of hectares, hornbeam-oak forests (Carpineto-Quercetum roboris) can be recognized. Due to influence Agriculture the number of oak stands has decreased significantly. An extremely strong change in the conditions of germination of most of the remaining oak forests, caused by drainage and other reclamation measures, as well as grazing, leads to their massive drying out.
A optimal conditions beech growth - altitude zone from 350 to 1450 meters above sea level. They are so clean, having a poor understory (understory), and they are called "Fagetum pauper" or "Fagetum nudum". Common species in the grass cover include Anemone nemorosa, Athyrium filixfemina and D. austriaca ferns, Oxalis acetosella and Rubus hirtus. Also characterized by high density; wood reserve - from 400 to 650 m?/ha. Along with them, there are many transitional options to mixed forests. In the warm lower zones, due to the reduced competitiveness of beech, sessile oak acts as an admixture. (Querceto petraeae-Fagetum). Within the beech belt proper, on open limestone massifs or outcrops, depending on the proportion of fine-grained soil, linden is attracted to it.
In addition, the cooling upper zones contribute to the formation of beech stands mixed with fir and spruce. They are even richer than clean ponds. Photos reach up to 1200 m?/ha. These types of forests are also highly resistant to windbreaks and snowbreakers. For a long time, beech stands were outside the scope of economic interest. Large, interconnected tracts belonged to large landowners and were used by them only for private hunting. Only from the beginning of the 19th century the time came for them large-scale felling followed by reforestation with spruce.
White acacia
(Genus "Robinia")
White acacia is more often called by its real name - Robinia pseudoacacia. This tree grows 22-27 (33) meters high and up to 120 cm in diameter, lives 220-250 (350) years. The crown is openwork, spreading, rounded, short, sometimes with several separate tiers of branches. The trunk in plantations is relatively straight, highly cleared of branches, but in the wild it is strongly curved and highly branched. The bark of the trunk is grayish-brown with dark, thick, in old age with deep cracks. The leaves are alternate, compound, odd-pinnate, 12-25 cm long, with 7-19 opposite elliptical leaflets. The flowers are predominantly white, fragrant, collected in multi-flowered drooping racemes 10-20 cm long. Blooms after the leaves bloom, profusely and annually (within 2 weeks). The fruit is a flat, bare, dark brown bean 5-12 cm long and 1-1.5 cm wide. Seeds (5-15 pieces) ripen in August. The breed is light-loving, heat-loving and heat-resistant. And also fast growing. Acacia is a good honey plant. And thanks to the unpretentiousness soil conditions and the ability to produce root shoots, is highly valued in forest reclamation.
Fluffy birch
(Genus "birch")
Its second name is white. The tree is 17-22 (25) m high and 50-60 cm in diameter. Lives 100-120 years. The crown is elongated-ovate, of medium density. Thin branches of the first order extend from the trunk almost at a right angle, the shoots do not hang down. The trunk is straight, covered with white bark to the very base. Leaves are 4-6 cm long and 3-5 cm wide, ovate or oval-rhombic with a rounded base, bluntly pointed. Young leaves are fragrant. Fluffy birch is not indifferent to light, so it often grows in the 2nd layer of pine and spruce forests. Very demanding on soil moisture - does not grow on dry soils. It is extremely frost-resistant, so this birch can be seen even in the forest-tundra.
Beech
(Genus "beech")
The tree is 25-45 m high and 80-100 (160) cm in diameter. Lives 450-500 years. The trunk is straight (sometimes saber-shaped at the bottom), full of wood. In young trees the crown is narrowly conical and pointed, while in old trees it is irregular shape. Longitudinal shoots are bare, thin and yellowish-brown. The needles are 1-4 cm long and 1.5 mm wide, light green, with a sharp yellowish tip. The needles appear in March-April, turn yellow and fall off in the fall. Propagated by seeds. It bears fruit from 15-20 years and repeats every 3-5 years. A very light-loving breed. Relatively frost-resistant and winter-hardy. Wind-resistant, tolerates air pollution well, and has little demands on moisture and soil.
Black alder
(Genus "beech")
Black alder is also called sticky alder. This is a deciduous tree with a height of 25-30 (35) m and a diameter of 60-70 cm. It lives 100-150 (300) years. The crown in youth is dense, cylindrical, and later ovoid or round, of medium density. The bark on young trees is smooth, dark gray or greenish-gray, and later dark brown, with shallow cracks. The leaves are simple, alternate, obovate, obtuse or obtusely pointed. The leaves are 4-9 cm long and 3-7 cm wide. The leaves are dark green above and light green below. The fruits are placed in dark brown cones up to 2 cm long, which open at the end of winter. Blooms before the leaves bloom. This breed is frost-resistant and winter-hardy. But it is demanding on soil fertility. There is a fast growing breed especially in the first 15-20 years.
Common hornbeam
(Genus "hornbeam")
The tree is 20-25 (30) m high and 60-70 cm in diameter. Lives up to 150-200 (350) years. The crown of the tree is spreading in space, up to 25 meters in diameter, but in plantings it is more compact, long and dense. The trunk is ribbed and often curved. The bark is thin, silver-gray and smooth in young trees, dark gray and fissured in old trees. The leaves are simple, alternate, oblong-oval or ovate, round at the base or slightly unequal-heart-shaped, doubly toothed at the edges, with clearly defined nerves of 910-15 pairs of veins. The leaf length is 5-15 cm, and the width is 3-5 cm. The leaves are dark green above, bare, light green below, slightly drooping along the veins. Hornbeam common blooms in April. And the seeds ripen in September. The fruit is a nut up to 9 mm long, flattened, oval, with longitudinal ribs. The breed is generally soft oceanic climate, relatively thermophilic. And it is demanding on soil fertility. Tolerates drought and even temporary flooding. Root system predominantly superficial, widely spread with anchor roots, making the breed wind-resistant.
Common oak
(Genus "oak")
The tree is 30-36 (40) meters high and up to 1.5 m in diameter. Lives 400-500 (1500) years. The crown is highly developed, large branched. In youth it is obovate or rounded, in old age it is obovate-tent-shaped. Trunk in at a young age often curved, in the old one well formed. The bark is smooth, shiny, olive-brown - in youth and thick (up to 10 cm), deeply fissured, brown-gray or gray - in old age. The leaves are simple, alternate, and at the ends of the shoots they are collected in bunches, oblong-obovate, 3-7 rounded-lobed, dark green above, shiny, light green below. Acorns are oblong, oval. Brown, shiny, on long petioles of 2-3 pieces. Blooms when the leaves bloom. Productivity 0.7-2.0 tons/ha. It is well restored by seeds and sprouts from stumps (up to 80-100 years). The root system is taprooted, deep (up to 12-15 meters, and sometimes up to 22 m), with highly developed lateral and anchor roots. Common oak as a forest-forming and forest reclamation species. Forms predominantly mixed stands. Widely used in field-protective afforestation.
Northern oak
(Genus "oak")
The tree is 30-35 meters high and 1.3-1.4 m in diameter. Lives up to 400 years. The crown can be narrow or wide (depending on the density of the planting). The branches extend from the trunk almost at right angles. The trunk is straight, highly cleared of branches. The bark is thin, light gray or dark brown, for a long time smooth, and on old trees in the lower part it is 5-7 cm thick, shallowly fissured, dark brown. The shoots are shiny, as if varnished, red-brown. The leaves are simple, alternate, with 7-11 pointed lobes. Acorns are ovoid or almost spherical, up to 3 cm long, with a sharp apex, light brown, shiny. As with other types of oak, the wines also sit in the plus. Northern oak is moderately demanding of light, but requires an open top. He is a fast growing breed.
Sessile oak
(Genus "oak")
Tree 28-35 meters high with a diameter of up to 1 meter. Lives 400-500 years. The crown at a young age is regular, ovoid, with evenly spaced branches and leaves. The trunks in the plantations are slender, highly cleared of branches and well defined towards the top. The bark is light gray or gray to dark, relatively thick (5-7 cm) and soft, and deeply fissured underneath. The shoots are bare. Leaves are up to 12 cm long and 4-8 cm wide, simple alternate, oblong-obovate, dark green above, shiny, light green below, occasionally covered with hairs. The fruits are acorns, ovoid, 1.5-3.5 cm long, and up to 1.5 cm in diameter. Silvicultural value is similar to that of ordinary oak.
Maple white
(Genus "oak")
The tree is 30-37 m high and 90-110 cm thick. Lives for 150-200 years. The crown is of medium density, broadly ovoid or tent-shaped, raised high along the trunk. The trunk is well formed, straight, but at the base, in most cases, saber-shaped curved. The bark is grayish-brown, thin and smooth when young, thick and fissured when old. The leaves are deeply heart-shaped at the base. On the upper side they are dark green, matte and hairless, and below they are whitish-green or bluish-green, mostly hairy. It blooms after the leaves bloom, the flowers are yellow-green, in dense multi-flowered racemes. The fruits are naked lionfish with a spherical seed nest. The wings diverge at an angle of 45-40 degrees and are about 5 cm long. The root system is not deep (up to 1.5 m), without a tap root, compact, branched in the top layer of soil.
Norway maple
(Genus "maple")
The tree is 25-28 m high and up to 1 meter in diameter. Lives up to 200 (400) years. The crown is dense, wide and low. The leaves are cross-opposite, 6-18 cm long and 8-20 cm wide, heart-shaped and glabrous at the base. It blooms at the end of April along with the leaves blooming. The flowers are collected in corymbose inflorescences, greenish-yellow, honey-bearing. The root system consists of a shallow taproot and large lateral surface ones. The breed is shade-loving, frost-resistant, demanding on soil moisture and fertility, cold-resistant, but in severe winters it produces frost cracks.
Aspen
(Genus "birch")
Trembling poplar is called aspen. The tree is 25-30 (35) m high and up to 1.3 m in diameter. Lives 90-120 (120) years. The crown is openwork, at first ovoid, and then round, irregular in shape, short and with thick branches. The trunk in the plantings is straight, cylindrical, highly cleared of branches. The leaves are simple, alternate, rounded to oval. They are dense, naked, dark green above with yellowish-white veins, bluish below. Aspen blooms in early spring before the leaves bloom. The fruit is a capsule, ripens in May. Seeds with tufts of hairs. The root system is very branched (up to 20-30 m), taprooted and not deep (up to 1 m). The breed is light-loving, not fussy about heat and soil, and frost-resistant. The breed is fast growing.
Ash
(Genus "ash")
A tree 30-40 m high and up to 120-150 cm in diameter, lives 300-400 years. The crown in dense plantings is underdeveloped, short, narrow and lacy, long and wide. The trunk is straight, highly cleared of branches, with a well-defined apex. The bark in youth is thin, smooth, in old trees it is gray or dark gray to brown, 8 cm thick. The leaves are compound, imparipinnate, up to 20 cm long, consisting of 7-15 almost sessile or oblong-elliptic leaflets. The fruits are oblong yellow-brown achenes, 4-5 cm long, slightly widened towards the apex, sometimes with a notch at the apex. The seeds at the base of the lionfish are narrowed towards the base. The root system is shallow (up to 2 m), but highly developed and branched, and greatly dries out the soil. The breed is demanding on soil fertility and moisture. Heat-loving.