What a real honey mushroom looks like. False honey mushrooms
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The collection of honey mushrooms can be called a pleasant activity as they grow in large groups and in just a few hours of searching you can collect several baskets of these gifts of the forest. Almost every experienced mushroom picker probably knows what honey mushrooms look like, but even if you have never picked mushrooms yourself, you are probably familiar with honey mushrooms from jars from the supermarket.
In today's article we will learn to distinguish edible species from false ones and learn the main characteristics of honey mushrooms with photos and descriptions.
What do honey mushrooms look like?
Edible honey mushrooms are one of the most popular and productive mushrooms. This family unites many species, among which there are both edible and inedible.
The difficulty is that they have very similar features, although they are still different. Therefore, it is so important to be able to distinguish an edible species from a similar false one.
By what criteria can you distinguish them from other mushrooms?
Many novice mushroom pickers do not know how to distinguish real species from false ones. To avoid adding to cart poisonous mushroom, we recommend that you familiarize yourself with the distinctive characteristics of inedible and edible varieties (Figure 1).
The criteria described below will help novice mushroom pickers distinguish real forest gifts from false ones:
- On the stem of the real one, a membranous ring is clearly visible, which is absent in inedible ones.
- Edible ones have a characteristic mushroom smell, poisonous ones smell unpleasant.
- The caps of real mushrooms are distinguished by an inconspicuous light brown color, while inedible ones are much brighter and more provocative.
- The caps of young specimens of real varieties are covered with scales, which are absent in poisonous ones. However, as the fungus matures, the scales disappear, making differentiation difficult.
![](https://i0.wp.com/mirfermera.ru/uploads/posts/2017-07/1500613980_1.jpg)
In addition, the records on back side hats also have their differences. So, in poisonous ones they are yellow, sometimes green or even olive-black. The edible plates are colored cream or yellowish-white.
False honey mushrooms: photo
False species mean inedible, conditionally edible and poisonous, which in their own way appearance very similar to the real ones. They are also easy to confuse because they grow in the same places - on stumps, tree trunks.
However, if we're talking about about human health and life, a mushroom picker has no right to make mistakes. He must be absolutely sure that it is edible. collected mushrooms. Therefore, experienced mushroom pickers always advise not to select the mushroom you like if you have the slightest doubt.
Peculiarities
The easiest way is to study and learn how to identify poisonous mushrooms from a photo. But we also recommend that you familiarize yourself with the distinctive characteristics that will help you determine what inedible and edible species look like (Figure 2).
All fake varieties have a number common features, distinguishing them from edible:
- There is no ring on the stalk of the poisonous one, which is characteristic of real species. At the same time, the leg itself is too high. Real forest varieties reach a height of only 4-6 centimeters.
- The smell of inedible ones is earthy and unpleasant, instead of a pronounced mushroom one.
- The caps of poisonous ones have a bright color that catches the eye, for example, brick-red.
- The plates on the back of the fake cap are painted in dark, almost black tones.
- Taste is not an indicator of its edibility: very often poisonous mushrooms have a good taste.
- Poisonous ones grow for some time in spring and autumn, while real ones can be found almost all year round.
![](https://i0.wp.com/mirfermera.ru/uploads/posts/2017-07/1500614087_2.jpg)
If the previous signs are not enough, you can check the reaction of the fungus when it comes into contact with water. If the cut turns blue or black, you are dealing with an inedible or poisonous specimen, so it would be better to get rid of it quickly.
Edible honey mushrooms: photo
Among more than three dozen species united under common name honey mushrooms, only 22 species have been scientifically described. Among them there are both edible and conditionally edible specimens, as well as inedible and poisonous ones. Most of all, mushroom pickers know such edible varieties as summer, winter, autumn, meadow.
All of these mushrooms grow mainly on trees hardwood or on the remains of their wood. IN mountainous areas they are also found on trunks coniferous trees. Representatives of this family, under favorable conditions, weather conditions They bear fruit for almost a whole year.
Peculiarities
Although each type has its own characteristics, there are common features, inherent in all edible mushrooms of this family, and the easiest way to evaluate their distinctive characteristics is from a photo.
True varieties grow in large groups on stumps and protruding tree roots. Young specimens have semicircular caps, which become prostrate with age. The caps are colored in tones ranging from honey yellow to rusty brown. In addition, they are often covered with small scales, which partially disappear as the fungus matures. Typically, the diameter of the cap is from 4 to 10 cm, and the plates on its back side in young mushrooms have light color, and in mature ones - yellowish or brown.
U edible species the legs are thin, reaching a length of 5 to 15 cm, hollow inside. But the most important sign that the specimen can be eaten is the leathery ring located on the stem. It is formed from a blanket that protects the young mushroom. In fake varieties, such a ring is either absent or only small remnants of it are visible. The flesh of this specimen has a pleasant mushroom aroma and is colored light brown, which does not change when in contact with water.
How to distinguish honey mushrooms from false honey mushrooms
To all lovers quiet hunt It is necessary to be able to distinguish real mushrooms from inedible and poisonous ones, because the health of loved ones depends on this. The same applies to honey mushrooms, among which there are many inedible ones.
Note: For example, dangerous double summer look is a poisonous brick-red false honey fungus. Its convex cap is colored bright Orange color, and the blanket hangs from its edges in the form of flakes. The autumn one has a double, very similar in appearance, the difference is only in the cap and leg of the bright yellow color. In addition, its surface is devoid of characteristic scales.
All poisonous varieties differ from real ones in the color of the plates under the cap (Figure 3). If the edible ones have plates painted in a light cream color, then the inedible ones have dark shades: sulfur-yellow or black-olive. You should also pay attention to the leg: in real ones, the leathery ring under the cap is clearly visible on the leg, which cannot be said about the false ones. Some poisonous species They are classified as conditionally edible, but you should know that their safety for humans has not been proven.
What is the difference between a simple honey mushroom and a false one?
The difficulty in distinguishing between ordinary and false varieties is that they all grow in large groups in the same places: stumps, trunks of fallen trees, protruding roots. In addition, all species bear fruit at approximately the same time period. Of course, you can learn to distinguish between inedible and edible species from photos, but it is still necessary to know their distinctive characteristics.
![](https://i1.wp.com/mirfermera.ru/uploads/posts/2017-07/1500614252_4.jpg)
There are additional external signs that help distinguish edible mushrooms from inedible ones.:
- The hats of the fake ones are usually painted in bright, flashy colors: sulfur-yellow, brick-red, while the hats of the real ones have muted, light brown tones.
- Edible young specimens are characterized by scales located on the cap and stem. Over time, these scales partially disappear. Inedible mushrooms lack scales on their surface.
- On the back of the cap of any mushroom there are plates. In real ones, they are light cream or yellowish-white tones. Poisonous ones are greenish or olive-black.
- On the false legs, the leathery ring, which is characteristic of all edible species, is poorly visible or completely absent.
All edible specimens have a pleasant mushroom aroma, while poisonous ones are characterized by an unpleasant earthy odor.
You will find more information about the differences between false and real varieties in the video.
Meadow honey mushrooms: how to distinguish from false ones
Meadow species grow in groups in open spaces: forest edges, pastures, fields. They are easily recognized by their yellow cap with an almost transparent ribbed edge. At the same time, the shape of the cap of young mushrooms is bell-shaped, while that of mature ones is spread out with a wide tubercle in the center. In wet weather it darkens and becomes sticky.
Note: Meadows have several similar species, among which are collibia and poisonous talker (Figure 4).
Collibia differs from meadow collibia in having more frequent plates white and a tubular-hollow leg. In addition, it has a not very pleasant smell. Collibia settles in deciduous and coniferous forests, where it can be found from late spring to early winter.
![](https://i0.wp.com/mirfermera.ru/uploads/posts/2017-07/1500614279_5.jpg)
The whitish talker, like the meadow honey agaric, prefers open, flat spaces, growing in groups. The main difference is the absence of a central tubercle on the mushroom cap, as well as a large number of plates running down the stem. The pulp of this poisonous mushroom has a floury smell.
More information about meadow honey mushrooms is in the video.