Famous proverbs and sayings about summer. Preschool child - child development, preparation for school in Kyiv
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Section “Riddles, proverbs, sayings and poems”
The work of any preschool teacher is closely connected with a diverse literary and folklore heritage: fairy tales, riddles, proverbs and sayings, nursery rhymes, games and many other types of written and oral creativity different nations peace. Proper use similar materials not only has a positive effect on the development of children’s speech, broadens their horizons and has a positive effect on development logical thinking, but also forms in children up to school age general idea about peace and culture of the peoples of the world.
Riddles, as one of the types of folklore genre, have existed since ancient times and, one way or another, are present in the cultures of almost all peoples of the world. In ancient times difficult riddles were used as a kind of military-diplomatic language, an echo of which can be found in ancient fairy tales, where rulers set the hero tasks to solve various and very difficult riddles.
Riddles for children are very often used by educators in their daily work: in integrated classes, classes to familiarize themselves with the environment or develop speech. As a rule, children's riddles are characterized by a kind of poetics, which is very useful for more total immersion into culture and listening comprehension poetic works children.
Logical riddles (usually not very complex) make sense to use in mathematics classes in high school and preparatory groups. Correctly selected logic riddles force children to form their own logical chains in the process of finding answers to the questions posed.
A huge number of the most diverse riddles are devoted to natural phenomena and certain species flora and fauna. Riddles about nature, riddles about natural phenomena are excellent material for classes to familiarize preschoolers with the world around them and nature, natural material and tested by more than one generation of both teachers and children.
Proverbs and riddles about books
Proverbs and sayings about the book
- The book decorates in happiness, and consoles in misfortune.
- Those who know more will get the books.
- A book is the best friend.
- A book is not beautiful in its writing, but in its mind.
- From time immemorial, a book has raised a person.
- It's not good to read books when you can only grasp the top of them.
- I owe everything good in me to books (M. Gorky).
- Love a book - a source of knowledge (M. Gorky).
- A book is a book, but also move your mind.
- The book is good, but the readers are bad.
- Books don't tell, but they tell the truth.
- Read books, but don’t forget things to do.
- Reading books is not playing nice.
- If you read books, you will know everything.
- Choose a book like you choose a friend.
- A book for the mind that warm rain for seedlings.
- Books do not like to be honored, but they like to be read.
- A book is like water: it will make its way everywhere.
- The book will help in work, and will help out in trouble.
- One good book better than any treasure.
- A good book is a sincere friend.
- A good book shines brighter than a star.
- A book is food for the mind.
- A book is your friend, without it it’s like having no hands.
- The book has two pages and the middle is empty.
- Books are different: one teaches, the other torments.
- The book is not a plane, but will take you far away.
- The book is not a hat, but choose according to your head.
- In a book, look not for letters, but for thoughts.
- For a book, move your mind.
- Some books enrich you, and others lead you astray.
- Some books will add to your mind, others will turn you off.
- Some people follow a book with their eyes, but their mind wanders around.
- To whom a book is entertainment, and to whom it is teaching.
- Those who know the basics and basics will find books in their hands.
- It is wasted labor to fish without a hook and study without a book.
- One book teaches thousands of people.
- To be familiar with books is to gain intelligence.
- Living with a book is a breeze.
- If you get used to the book, you will gain intelligence.
- A mind without a book is like a bird without wings.
- You can't get smarter than a book.
- Some from books, some from the valley.
- There is not a single book in the house - the owner has bad kids.
Riddles about books
Russian riddles about the book:
She is small,
but gave me intelligence.
Not a bush, but with leaves,
Not a shirt, but sewn,
Not a person, but a storyteller.
Not a tree, but with leaves,
Not a shirt, but sewn,
Not a plant, but with a root,
Not a person, but with intelligence.
Who speaks silently?
Assignment from The world, workbook, 4th grade, part 2, answers, Perspective
The daughter-in-law stands and spreads her legs: she feeds the world, but she herself does not eat (plow).
Potap stands on four legs and drinks water year after year (a nursery).
Bows, bows - he will come home, stretch out (axe).
The ankle shakes, it is easy to bow (the same).
He toils and toils - he will come home and stretch out (the same).
The beauty is lying face down on the bench (same).
He goes into the forest, looks home; from walking through the forest, looking into the forest (aka, behind his belt).
She eats quickly and chews finely, does not swallow herself and does not give to others (saw).
A pig and flax are dragged through a horse and a cow (making boots).
The pig walked through the bull along an iron trail, its tail was tar (same).
He himself is naked (naked), and his shirt is in his bosom (a candle and a lamp).
Day sleeps, night watches, dies in the morning, another replaces (candle).
Who is neither baptized nor born, but lives the truth? (Bezmen).
Little blackie, little guy, where are you going? - Shut up, you idiot, and you should be there too (beer cauldron and vat).
Borovishche in a black stable (tar in a barrel).
I walk around the field, hitting one pole (stuffing hoops).
Into the hut as a raven, out of the hut as a swan (lutoshka).
Dry Friday gnaws bones (comb, comb).
The woman's craft is overgrown with brushwood (spun yarn).
Under the front, in front, sits a gentleman with a beard (comb and lobe).
I’m sitting on an aspen (linden) tree, looking through a maple tree, shaking (spinning) a birch tree.
Five, five sheep eat up the flock; five, five sheep (or: the sixth lamb) run away (the same).
Five, five sheep eat up the flock; five, five sheep picking up the dust (same thing).
Five brothers are running along the road, but are dry; five brothers stand under one another, but are wet (fingers of both hands while yarning).
Five eat up, and five push (fingers and yarn).
Four sisters are chasing around; one will not catch up with the other (sparrows, reel).
Should you ask them a riddle - throw them over the garden bed, over the fence, across the manor's yard (comb, lobe).
Small, round, but you can’t lift it by the tail (ball).
I’ll trample with my foot, press with my stomach, snatch with my hand, double the column and start (weaving) again.
I rub my belly, my legs, where it opens, I will weave here (weaving).
A blind pig is crawling near the tynu (shuttle).
Wooden legs, even if they stand all summer (weaving mill).
Two ends, two rings, and in the middle there are nails (scissors).
The little blue one is jumping around the city, painting all the people (a needle).
Little, blue, cute to the whole world (same thing).
Small, light, the whole world dresses (the same).
The blue tit put on all the white light (same thing).
A pig with golden bristles, a flaxen tail, gallops around the world, colors the whole world (or: dresses. Needle and thread).
The animal is about an inch, and the tail is seven miles (the same).
The tail itself is made of iron, and the tail is made of tail (a needle and thread).
The bull is forged, and the tail is stolen (the same).
The horse is steel, the tail is linen (the same).
Iron horse, side tail (same).
Iron bull, tow tail (same).
Iron wolf, hemp tail (same).
Sniffing under the gate, long beard (same thing).
A pig is running from St. Petersburg, all worn out (thimble).
On the pit, pit there are a hundred pits with a pit (thimble).
On a hole, a hole, there are a hundred holes with a pit (the same).
The tipyak (pictel) beats, the grinder (millstone) roars, the pipes (wheels) crack, the waters splash (mill).
The caps fly and say: our mother has a heart of stone, a chest of iron (the same).
Horses trampled in the Kirilovsky field, a dog barked in Muromsky, a bear roared in Ivanovsky (Romanovsky) (horses are mill pestles; the dog is a flutter; the bear is a millstone).
Behind the spruce grove, behind the birch grove, a filly neighs, waiting for a foal (mill).
Horses trampled in the field, a bear roared at the fair (same thing).
A woman is sitting on the river, her legs dangling into the river (same thing).
The oyster bird looks at the wind, waves its wings, and does not move (same thing).
Without arms, without legs, he crumbles noodles (the same).
Tah-tararah, there is a house on the mountains, water is splashing, the beard is shaking (the same).
Knocks, strums, a hundred ends run: whatever is in the neighborhood, he will eat all the bread (the same).
She feeds the whole world, but she doesn’t eat (the same).
The monk lies in steep mountains; will come out and feed the faithful and the unfaithful (millstone).
Two hogs are fighting, foam falls between them (same thing).
The bull grumbles, the old man knocks; the bull will run, the foam will fall (millstones).
In a dark hut a bear roars (same thing).
Brother rubs brother, white blood flows (same thing).
One says - let's run, another says - we'll lie down, the third says - let's sway (water, millstone, wheel).
An awl and a reel walked around the underbench, speaking German (crane).
Seven Semyons, one Matryona (pestles and mortar in the mill).
Knocking, strumming, spinning, not afraid of the fear of God (crowding).
Without legs it is nimble, without veins it is strong, without intelligence it is cunning (mill).
I’ll go into the stamping room, look into the workroom, there’s a bottle with a trinket (the forge).
Grinded the headless (bracelet).
Sukhoi Martyn spits far away (gun).
The black kochet wants to bark (gun).
Dudka-duda, there is a hole in the pipe; the pipe will crackle, the dog will run (gun).
An eagle is flying, there is fire in its mouth, and human death (gun) at the end of its tail.
A raven flies, its nose is shackled: where it pokes, the ore will sink (gun).
They carry a boot into a clearing field: in this boot there is tar, lightness and death is not far away (a gun).
On a mountain-mountain lies a boot: in that boot there is tar, lightness and death are not far away (the gun is on the shoulder).
The bird flies thin, the feathers are red and yellow, and at the end of it there is human death (gun, shot).
An owl flew from Krasnaya Selo, the owl sat down on four pillars (shot).
In the stove there are three chocks, three geese, three ducks, three apples (gun charge).
A grouse flew in the evening, but now it fell into a quinoa - and now I can’t find it (bullet).
A small bird rolls across the field, not afraid of anyone (gun bullet).
A pig comes from the swamp, all spoiled (nonsense).
The legs are made of stone, the head is made of wood, and he himself wears a shabur and walks in the water (a defect in the hem).
The yard is full of holes, people talk, but they don’t tell me to go out (muzzle).
He didn’t ride with a horse, he didn’t drive with a whip, he didn’t burn with a stick, he didn’t hit a jackdaw, he didn’t cook, he didn’t pull off (to fish with a splinter).
Thieves (fishermen) came, stole the owners (fish), and the house went through the windows (water into the nets).
I went along the tut-takht, took the tav-tavt with me, found a snoring-takht; If it weren’t for the tav-tavta, the snoring-takhta would have eaten me (I went after the horse, took the dog with me and found a bear).
I walked along tyukh-tyukhty, ours I valyukh-tyukhty; If it weren’t for this bastard, it would have eaten me, tyukha (a man, an ax and a bear).
It grew up in the forest, was taken out of the forest, cries in your arms, and jumps on the floor (balalaika).
In the forest it’s a blunder, at home it’s a blunder, if you take it on your lap, it will cry (balalaika).
He grew up in the forest, hanging on the wall, crying in his arms, whoever listens jumps (beep).
Whatever one may say, the human brain is so perfect that sometimes you wonder where it can get so many non-standard solutions? The science of numbers is understandable. But when these very numbers are involved in sayings, puzzles, games and crossword puzzles, then there is clearly not so much a scientific path as a creative one. It turns out that such folklore has existed since the times Ancient Egypt. Even then, the pharaohs practiced numerical riddles, learning from the sages. And today, proverbs, poems and puzzles with numbers are a panacea that almost everyone, from young to old, enjoys.
Unique puzzles and riddles
Let's look at such an interesting direction as digital charades. First, let's find out what riddles there are with numbers:
- Mathematical tricks.
- Solvers with numerals, fractions, even and odd numbers.
- Digital puzzles with cards, cubes, dominoes, matches and other board games.
- Educational memos and educational puzzles.
- Riddles-couplets (poems).
- Verses with numbers from 1 to 10.
- Puzzle games, scanwords.
- Riddles-fairy tales for children.
- Active counting rhymes and riddles-games with numbers in groups.
- Single savvy - “do the math in your head.”
By solving riddles, tasks and game simulators, we improve and develop. This is a very useful activity, especially when the puzzles involve numbers.
What are number riddles for?
Answering the question of why or for whom such interesting wisdom as riddles with numbers is needed, one can answer this way: “For everyone.” Today, when science and education are developed, every person should know any numerical values, combinations and operations with them, starting with the multiplication table and reaching the level of mathematics high school. That's enough to keep you in the flow modern life. But someone does not stop there and reaches the heights of higher algebra, geometry and physics. And riddles with numbers improve memory development and observation skills. By studying numbers, people become smarter and wiser, more educated and more perfect. Therefore, let’s move on directly to numerical riddles.
Sayings and riddles with numbers
Oh, you puzzles-riddles, how can you think sweetly... Having set the goal of solving such puzzles, the subjects plunge headlong into such an exciting activity. Let's look at an example of how witty such problems are.
Let's write some riddles with numbers without answers:
- How many birthdays does a grandfather who lived 100 years have in his entire life?
- 7 gas burners were burning, 3 burners were turned off. How many burners are left?
- The braid curls into the wind, and in the middle of the back there is a stripe.
- How many ends do five rods have?
- The neck is long with a hook... She loves loafers, but loafers don’t like her!
- Five brothers have one job - until crunch.
- If it stands on the head, it will increase by three.
- There are six legs, there is fur, two heads, and one tail. Who is this?
- Seven brothers: identical in age, but different in name.
- It will somersault by a chapter and decrease by three.
Now here are some riddles with numbers and answers:
- There are 33 sparrows on the pages of the alphabet. And every little one knows those sparrows at school. (Letters)
- 12 brothers conduct different business, replacing each other in one common cause. (Months of the year)
- A hundred pine warriors stand side by side in a chain. Day and night and all year round they protect the garden. (Fence)
- Two mothers have five sons each, and they all have the same name. (Fingers)
- All the brothers live together and always in just one book. These ten brothers are smart and count everything in the world. (Numbers)
- The turtle has two hind legs, two front, also two right and two left. How many legs does a turtle have in total? (Four)
- There are eight arms and as many legs, he loves to embroider around. The master knows a lot about silk. Flies all rush to the silk! (Spider)
- There is one hat and four legs. Needed for lunch family council. (Table)
- Four ears and two bellies. (Pillow)
- A hundred clothes sit without fastenings; whoever takes them off sheds tears. (Onion)
Riddles with logical thinking
Very attractive logic riddles with numbers. Let's look at examples of their solutions:
- Valentina's chain weighs 5.5 grams. Think and tell me how many tons a million of these chains weigh. (Answer: A million pieces of jewelry weigh 5.5 tons.)
- Seven diggers dig up 7 meters of a ditch in 7 hours. How many diggers will dig 1000 meters of ditch in 1000 hours? (Answer: 7 diggers.)
- The clock strikes three times in 3 seconds. How long will it take until the clock strikes seven? (Answer: 9 seconds.)
- One hundred walnuts must be divided among 25 buyers so that no one has an even number of walnuts. How to do it? You can't eat nuts. (Answer: Problem without solution.)
- Three girlfriends - Zina, Marfa and Pelageya - sat down on a bench in a row. How many ways could they use to get seated? (Answer: Girlfriends could be accommodated in 6 ways: Zina - Marfa - Pelageya; Zina - Pelageya - Marfa; Marfa - Zina - Pelageya; Marfa - Pelageya - Zina; Pelageya - Zina - Marfa; Pelageya - Marfa - Zina.)
- What number should replace A in the solution: 9A: 1A = A. (Answer: Number 6.)
- Three dozen oranges cost the same as they sell for 16 rubles. How much is twelve oranges worth if a dozen equals 12? (Answer: Twelve oranges cost 8 rubles.)
- The tourist bought a suitcase, boots and a tie and paid 140 rubles for all the goods. The suitcase cost 90 rubles more than the shoes, and the shoes and suitcase together cost 120 rubles more than the tie. How much does each item cost separately? (Answer: A tie costs 10 rubles, boots – 20 rubles, a suitcase – 110 rubles.)
Sayings and riddles with the number 7
Tongue twisters and puzzles with specific numbers deserve special attention. For each number, many proverbs and problems have been invented. Humanity is fascinated by the sophistication and rigor of mathematical games.
Riddles with the number 7:
- The braid curls into the wind, and there is a stripe in the middle of the back. (Guess: Seven.)
- The six of the squirrel friends sat down on a soft spruce tree. Suddenly the sister rushed to them - She was hiding from the dogs. Everyone is furry in a row in the warmth. How many squirrels are there in the needles? (Guess: Seven.)
- I belong to the class of numbers that are less than 10. It’s easy to recognize me. With me next to me, the letter “I” will unite us all - father, brother, mother, me... (Solution: Seven.)
- Seven little boys on the stairs squealed songs. (Guess: Notes.)
- How many steps can a sparrow take in seven years? (Guess: Not a single one, the little sparrow doesn’t walk, but jumps.)
- The bridge stretches for 7 miles, and at the edge of the bridge there is a red mile. (Guess: Week.)
- I told my sister: stop, the seven-color arched bridge! But only a cloud will hide the light - the bridge will fall, but there will be no chips. (Guess: Rainbow.)
Sayings with number 7:
- Measure seven times and cut once.
- They don't wait for one weirdo.
- There are seven Fridays in a week.
- Behind seven locks is a mystery.
- There are seven with a spoon, and one with a bipod.
- A child without an eye and with seven nannies.
- On jelly and the seventh water.
- We will protect, since there are seven of us, and not one.
- For seven ailments, garlic and onions.
- With one swing of seven like a chopping block.
- There are seven spans in the forehead.
- One answer for seven troubles.
- The village is small, but there are seven governors.
- For mad dog and seven versts is not a stripe.
- One shepherd has seven sheep.
- The soup is very cool, since it is made from seven grains.
- Don't be afraid of seven deaths, but wait for one.
Riddles for children with numbers
Well, for the little ones there are interesting short puzzles and passages. They are informative and instructive. And if above we gave sayings and riddles with the number 7 in the form of quotes and aphorisms, then others look in the style of artistic answer books. These are the kinds of puzzles that kids love to solve in kindergartens and at home with their moms and dads. They repeat every word after their parents, learn to think and develop quickly.
Let's give an example of 5 riddles with numbers with answers for children:
- Little Alena is crazy about animals. She has six turtles, four puppies, two rabbits and seven hamsters at home. How many legs do all the inhabitants of the room have, including Alena? (Guess: Two legs, because animals have paws.)
- Three hedgehogs went to bed, each in their own hole, and fell asleep in different time. The first hedgehog fell asleep on December 17, the second on January 15, and the third on December 20. When will each of the hedgehogs wake up? (Guess: In the spring.)
- Seven quails were sitting on a branch. A hunter shot at one of them. How many birds are left sitting? (Guess: Not a single one, the rest, frightened, flew away.)
- Write the words "dry grass" in four letters. (Guess: Hay.)
- What word starts with three letters "g" and ends with three letters "i"? (Guess: Trigonometry.)
Number puzzles with intrigue
In addition to riddles with numbers, there are also tricky puzzles that are very easy, but in fact can stupefy any professor the first time. These are so-called riddles with intrigue, and the whole point of them lies not so much in the solution, but in the usual concentration of attention, for example:
- Where is the water sticking out into the post? (Answer: In a glass or test tube.)
- What is more - if all the numbers from 0 to 9 are multiplied or plused? (Answer: If you re-plus, since when multiplied by 0 all digits will be 0.)
- When is the owner of a house left without a head? (Answer: When he sticks his head out the window.)
- How much can you eat on an empty stomach? chicken eggs? (Answer: One. The rest will already be eaten on an empty stomach.)
- Tallest mountain before Everest was discovered? (Answer: Everest existed, but no one knew it then.)
- Which one letter should be removed from the seven-letter word “ABC book” so that only 2 letters remain? (Answer: “Letter.”)
- What bowls don't they eat from? (Answer: From empty ones.)
- How to see last year's snow? (Answer: After 12 am from December 31 to January 1, go outside.)
- 2 mansions caught fire. One is a rich man, the other is a poor man. Which house will be the first to be extinguished by the police arriving at the scene of an emergency? (Answer: None. The police don't put out fires.)
- How to properly jump from a 30-meter ladder without hurting yourself? (Answer: You can jump from a recumbent ladder or from a standing one, but only from the first step.)
Games and solvers with numbers
One of the most important factors creation of the world, which involves riddles with numbers, are games that develop in different countries and captivate their admirers so much that they are ready to train their memory and observation skills for days. These are such well-known puzzles as Sudoku and Tetris, games from the “guess the number” series and digital crossword puzzles, sea battle and many other logic and math solvers.
All riddles are good as long as we solve them from the heart
And finally, I would like to say thank you to those authors who come up with such wonderful sayings and couplets, riddles and rebuses, puzzles and charades, tasks and counting rhymes. All of them provide benefits both mental and spiritual. Because when people solve riddles, they become kinder and more attentive not only to their loved ones, but also to those around them.
Riddles, proverbs and sayings about summer.
Author of the selection: Khvostikova Elena Aleksandrovna, teacher-organizer of the yard club “Ak Zhelken” of DDT, Aksu, Republic of Kazakhstan.Description of work: Riddles, proverbs and sayings about summer for children of primary and secondary school age. The material will be useful to teachers additional education, teachers primary classes for organizing interesting leisure time for children.
Target: develop attention, logic, intelligence, quick thinking, imagination; Expand words knowledge.
Proverbs and sayings
In June the sun is high and it is far from morning to evening.
White nights - long days.
In June there is nothing to eat, but life is fun: the flowers are blooming and the nightingales are singing.
June passed through the meadows with a scythe, and July ran through the grain with a sickle.
In July, the yard is empty, but the field is thick.
August prepares pickles for the winter table.
In August, summer skips towards autumn.
In August, winter fights summer.
Whatever you collect in August, you will spend the winter with.
In August, before lunch - summer, after lunch - autumn.
What is born in the summer will be useful in the winter.
A summer day during a winter week.
Red summer - green mowing.
Place one berry at a time and you'll get a box.
Prepare the sleigh in the summer and the cart in the winter.
Summer with sheaves, autumn with pies.
Summer is a feast, winter is a feast.
People are happy about summer, bees are happy about flowers.
Winter is scary with wolves, and summer with flies and mosquitoes.
Rainy summer is worse than autumn.
In the summer, dawn meets dawn.
You can hear the singing of mosquitoes, It's time for berries and mushrooms, The lake is warmed with warmth, Calling everyone to swim... (summer)
The sun is shining, the linden tree is blooming, butterflies are flying, when does this happen? (in summer)
I am made of heat, I carry warmth with me. I warm the rivers, "Kupa Come on!" - I invite you. And you all love me for it. I am... (summer)
From his loud words and laughter, an echo wanders through the forests between the trunks. Where spring might catch a cold, don’t be afraid to take shells from the bottom! (summer)
In the morning I always fall - not a drop of rain, not a star - and sparkle in the burdocks at the edge of the forest and in the meadows. (dew)
Someone cried all night in the meadow, I can’t count how many tears. (dew)
In the morning the beads sparkled, they covered all the grass with them, but we went to look for them during the day, we searched and searched, but we couldn’t find them. (dew)
Zarya-Zaryanitsa, a red maiden, walked through the forest, dropped the keys, saw the month, did not say, saw the sun and raised it. (dew)
Here are the diamonds on the leaves, Along the paths and on the bumps - What kind of miracles are these? It sparkles in the morning... (dew)
The sun sets in the evening, sweeps a brush through the sky. He doesn’t want to leave in vain. A trace remains... (dawn)
As soon as the rain disappeared, a bridge appeared in the sky, arching brightly, like a golden belt. (rainbow)
What a miracle - beauty! A painted gate appeared on the way, you can’t drive through it, you can’t enter it! (rainbow)
Someone hung a colored scarf over the ground as if to dry. (rainbow)
The gates rose, beauty to the whole world. (rainbow)
A painted yoke hung across the river. (rainbow)
Warm, long, long day, at noon - a tiny shadow. An ear of corn is blooming in the field, a grasshopper is calling out, and strawberries are ripening. What month is it, tell me? (June)
Peonies bloomed in the garden, and hillsides bloomed in the strawberries. Breeze, blow coolness, so that it is not hot... (June)
Linden tea is fragrant! We could dry a whole sack of her flowers! Come quickly... (July)
It's a hot, sultry, muggy day, even the chickens are looking for shade. The mowing of bread has begun, the time for berries and mushrooms. Its days are the peak of summer. What month is this, tell me? (July)
The maple leaves turned yellow, and swift-winged swifts flew to the countries of the south. What month is it, tell me! (August)
This summer month The hot one gives everyone his gifts: plums, apples and pears. We cook the fruits, we dry the fruits. He - last month summer, autumn is nearby, close somewhere. (August)
They are waiting for him, they won’t wait, and when they see him, they will run away. (rain)
He will cry over the gardens - the garden will be filled with fruits. Even a dusty plantain is happy to wash itself in the summer... (rain)
It came up, rumbled, threw arrows at the ground, it seemed to us that it was coming with trouble, but it turned out that it was with water. It passed and rained, plenty of arable land was shed. (rain cloud)
A bag of water flew over me, over you, it got caught in the forest, became thin and disappeared. (rain cloud)
The sparkling threads could not stay in the sieve and, jumping out into freedom, walked with the cloud across the field. (rain)
The clouds obscured the sun, thunder laughed loudly. There is a streak of lightning in the sky, which means it has begun... (storm)
It's lying on the road - you'll get your feet wet in it. (puddle)
A sister and brother live, each sees but does not hear, hears but does not see. (Thunder and lightning)
It sparkles, blinks, shoots fire arrows. (lightning.)
I look like a pea. Where I go there is a commotion. (hail)
There is a commotion in the yard: peas are falling from the sky. Nina ate six peas and now has a sore throat. (hail)
Ice floes flew from the sky, they wanted to break the ears of corn. (hail)
Peas are pouring out of the clouds and jumping onto our threshold. It rolls from the roof into the garden. What's happened? This - ... (hail)
And in June White snow once again pleased us all - like a swarm of lazy flies flying from the poplars... (fluff)
A hot ball is shining in the sky. Anyone will notice this ball. In the morning he looks at us through the window, beaming joyfully... (Sun)
A snake rushes through the hills, carrying moisture to the trees. Washing the banks, it flows through the fields... (river)
They are light, like cotton wool, floating somewhere across the sky. Caravels are on their way from afar... (clouds)
Active among children puzzles. Riddles are one of the oldest and most poetic folklore forms associated with. the animation by people of natural phenomena and everyday objects in ancient times. The etymology of this word is in the Old Russian verb “gadati” - think, ponder. The process of guessing requires reflection - deciphering the figurative, allegorical description of some phenomenon that the riddle gives: “Small, round, but you can’t lift it by the tail.” (Clew.)
Here the riddle is based on three signs of an object familiar to everyone. The guesser must mentally connect them, compare them, visually imagine the described object - a ball of thread.
Riddle develops in a child ingenuity, ingenuity. A riddle is presented - the questioner puzzles over the answer. Allegory transfers the subject to a completely different area of the material world. “The little black dog lies curled up; it doesn’t bark, doesn’t bite, and doesn’t let you into the house” - the castle is intricately compared to a little black dog. An allegorical image in a riddle always amazes with its strangeness, unusualness, and real incompatibility of qualities and properties. Thus, the stove is likened to a girl, and the smoke is likened to a long girl’s braid: “The girl is standing in the hut, and the braid is in the yard.”
The bolder the invention, the harder riddle for guessing. Improbability gives the images of the riddle a clearly recognized contradiction of reality, and the answer brings order to the confusion: everything falls into place in accordance with the actual qualities of the riddled object. It turns out that the castle actually has something in common with the dog: both of them will not be allowed into the house, they can be the same color - black, but the fact that the dog does not bark or bite applies only to the castle.
In other words, the riddle points to special features and properties that are inherent only to the mystery object. It is based on the similarity and denial of similarity between objects. This property of a riddle introduces the child to thinking about the connections between phenomena and objects of the surrounding world, as well as about the characteristics of each object and phenomenon. These mental operations However, they are important not in themselves, but because the child discovers the poetry of the world around him. Making riddles, as well as solving them - useful exercise for the development of imaginative thinking.
The riddle is most often rhythmically organized; it often contains rhymes, consonances, and onomatopoeia, and this makes it a true work of art. High poetry is revealed in the most prosaic things and objects. The images in the riddles are colorful, sonorous, objects are outlined sharply and clearly:
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There is a mountain in the yard, and water in the hut.
There’s a piece of bread hanging over my mother’s hut: the dogs are barking and they can’t get it.
The red yoke hung over the river.
Two bellies, four ears.
(pillow)
The pear is hanging, you can’t eat it.
(bulb)
The poor have it thick, the rich have it thin, always with them.
(shirt)
The little one went through the earth and found the little red riding hood.
(fly agaric)
A lot of ironic, playful riddles: “Fedosya is standing, his hair is disheveled” (stack).
Folk riddles As a poetic game of questions and answers, it is entertaining for children of all ages. For preschoolers, it is advisable to select the simplest and most elementary ones: “Toothy, but not biting” (rakes), “Two bellies, four ears” (pillow), “All furry, four legs, very mustachioed” (cat), “In winter and summer alone color” (spruce, pine), etc.
A child’s mastery of speech in all its richness and colorfulness is unthinkable without familiarity with folk proverbs and sayings.
Proverbs and sayings
Proverb- a short figurative saying in relation to various phenomena life that lives in colloquial speech, decorates and condenses its meaning: “A house cannot be built without corners, speech cannot be said without a proverb.”
Typically, proverbs consist of two parts that rhyme with each other. A striking example Such a proverb is the phrase “You can’t even pull a fish out of a pond without effort.”
The famous collector of folklore and compiler of the collection “Proverbs of the Russian People” V.I. Dal called the proverb a “short parable.” In the Russian proverb he saw “the color of the people’s mind, the original state”, “everyday folk wisdom" He expressed himself about the nationality of the proverb as follows: “No one knows who composed it; but everyone knows her and everyone obeys her.” Proverbs surprise with the depth and clarity of thought, expressed extremely briefly and simply:
"A friend in need is a friend indeed".
As a rule, proverbial judgments also have a direct, literal meaning, and figurative, figurative at the same time:
“You reap what you sow”, “The slower you go, the further you go.”
K.D. Ushinsky rightly noted that proverbs have great importance during initial training native language , firstly, because of its form, and secondly, because of its content. IN " Native word” contains several hundred proverbs. The child hears the first proverbs in the speech of adults, and from the very beginning the meaning of the proverb as a generally accepted teaching is revealed to him. This meaning is all the more understandable because it is expressed clearly, with indisputable evidence: “Without bowing to the ground, you won’t raise a fungus,” “Without labor you won’t even catch a fish from a pond,” “Take care of your nose in the deep frost.”
Proverbial judgments are perceived by the child in direct meaning, but their generalizing nature is to some extent accessible to his understanding. “You can’t pick up a mushroom if you don’t bend down”: the general thought behind this judgment can be understood by him as an expression of the need for labor in any occupation, any business. The more general figurative meaning of proverbs, their polysemy is not revealed to the child immediately, but as he acquires life experience. Each proverb can be cited in many cases: “Away is good, but at home it’s better,” “Whoever you get along with, you’ll gain from it.”
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Folk sayings - these are widespread figurative expressions that aptly define any life phenomenon. IN Everyday life We often use sayings and don’t even think about where they came from. Phrases such as “Seven Fridays in a week” or “Put your teeth on the shelf” are sayings.
Proverbs and sayings belong to the folklore genre. They are usually placed side by side, but there are clear differences between them. Unlike a proverb, a saying is devoid of a generalized instructive meaning and is limited to a figurative, often allegorical definition of a phenomenon. However, the proverb does not simply define a phenomenon, but gives it an expressive emotional assessment. It’s one thing to say about someone that he causes us inconvenience with his constant presence, another thing to say that he’s as boring as a bitter radish; It’s one thing to say that someone came unexpectedly, it’s another thing to say that he fell out of the blue.
Children's speech, emotional by nature, easily comes close to folk proverbs, but accurate mastery of them is difficult for the child. famous work, and the teacher must monitor the appropriateness and correctness of the use of sayings in the child’s speech.
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