Play games about creating your own country. How to create your own state? Landforms, natural areas and ecological systems in the country
It turns out to become happy owner, and at the same time becoming the ruler of a state is not as difficult as it might seem at first glance. To this day, there are microstates, which are small pieces of land that were declared independent from the main countries of the world. They are called differently: microstates, cyberstates, fantasy or virtual states, or simply micronations. Moreover, micro are really very small territories. Compared to these states, Monaco or Liechtenstein seem like giants. But in the vast majority of cases, these microcountries exist only in the imagination of their creators - on paper or on the Internet. Since the beginning of the 1990s, more than a thousand such “countries” have been formed, but not all have managed to survive. The most “persistent” ones came to their key goal and achieved recognition by issuing “their” coins, flags, postage stamps, medals and even passports, as well as participating in international forums, releasing books and videos, holding various sporting events.
The microstate of Sealand is located in the Atlantic, 10 kilometers from the coast of Great Britain. The microstate of Sealand is located in the Atlantic, 10 kilometers from the coast of Great Britain. Physically, the territory of the state arose during World War II. In 1942, the British Navy built a series of platforms on the approaches to the coast. Only one of them managed to survive, it was the Rafs Tower (literally: “hooligan tower”). After 24 years, retired major british army Paddy Roy Bates found her best place for his pirate radio station "Britain's Better Music Station". And then, like in a fairy tale. To avoid prosecution on the part of the English authorities, Bates declared the platform a sovereign state and proclaimed himself Prince Roy I. He succeeded, and now every year, on September 2, since 1967, Sealand celebrates the day of his proclamation.
Prince Roy I for a long time justified his title and fought for his “piece of land.” In June 1967, the former partner of the newly minted For a price, anyone can become a baron or lord of Sealand Prince of Sealand, O'Reilly, tried to take control of the island, but was repulsed by Bates's people, who defended the tower with small arms, Molotov cocktails, gasoline bombs and even flamethrowers. The next time, Sealand was defeated and captured, its inhabitants taken captive until foreign nations came to their defense. Within a year, the residents of Sealand had to withstand a new onslaught. In 1968, the British authorities tried to occupy the young state. We approached the platform patrol boats, but the princely family responded by firing warning shots into the air. The matter did not come to bloodshed, but an attack was launched against Prince Roy as a British citizen. trial, as a result of which Bates was acquitted. Next, the virtual state had to suffer from a fire. And in 1978, Sealand went to war with workers hired by a German businessman who intended to dismantle the platform for scrap. At first, the aggressors won, but Prince Roy did not give up until the last and repelled the attack. The captured businessman repented and accepted Sealand citizenship.
The microstate also turned out to be a good source of income. After the radio station closed, Roy delved into the World Wide Web and created a new Internet service. For a fee, anyone can become a Baron or Lord of Sealand. More than 700 people have already become citizens of the micronation, and Roy I managed to transfer his power to Michael I. In addition, up to 150 thousand fake Sealand passports are circulating in the world. In a word - a full-fledged country with its own passports, flag, coat of arms, coups, alternative government in exile, only very small.
microstate MolossiaThe example of Sealand was followed by another microstate - Molossia, which declared itself independent country in 1977, more precisely, its permanent head Kevin Bo (first the king, later the president). It is located on a narrow strip of land partly in the state of Nevada and partly in the state of California. At first Molossia reigned absolute monarchy, but in 1999 the constitution was amended and it became a republic. In theory, Molossia has its own government, ministry of defense, ministry international relations, Ministry of Right and Wrong Doing Things, Ministry of Rocks, Sands and dust storms, as well as the ministry national cuisine. The micronation's budget consists of the main income from the activities of the souvenir shop, located in the personal residence of the president. State language The small country recognizes English, but its entire population of four speaks using the “desert alphabet” created in the mid-19th century by the Mormons. Molossia became famous for its “hard rules”, where bright luminous balls, cats, fish and tobacco were outlawed. Residents of a non-smoking country were the first to take part in international olympic games among microstates.
Christopher Columbus became the discoverer of not only America, but also a small micronation. Redonda was declared independent Redonda was declared independent independent state in 1493 by the state in 1493. Since then, many have encroached on the title of king of this strange, uninhabited piece of rock, 56.2 km long. But, in fact, this small, uninhabited Caribbean island is still home to several feral goats. It so happened historically that the only significant natural resource Redonda became guano, banal bird droppings, of which up to 7 thousand tons accumulated here per year. After World War I, all work was stopped, and the workers safely left the island, which has since become known as uninhabited. In 2007, a Wellington pub in England attempted to declare itself the Redonda Embassy in response to a workplace smoking ban, but was refused. This is where the history of the island ends.
But there are states that are even less fortunate than the state mountain goats Redonda. The Republic of Rosaland was destroyed by Italian naval forces for non-payment of taxes. The moment of the explosion of the state of Rosaland by the Italian fleet was captured even on postage stamps. Another bad example attempts to create a micronation were made by the brother of the famous Ernest Hemingway, Leicester, but Mexican fishermen immediately plundered his settlement, known as New Atlantis. island republic Minevre was immediately attached to Tongo.
The quaint Empire Atlantium, located in Sydney, continues to exist to this day. The empire claims part of the territory of Australia - 10 sq.m. one of the suburbs of Sydney, but its political and legal statuses still remain in question. In the meantime, more than one thousand citizens of Atlantium continue to live according to their original calendar, starting from the last ice age(according to him, now the year is 10,527).
The process of creating microstates that control, albeit negligibly small, territories has been going on throughout almost the entire history of mankind. But today it is more difficult than ever to create a new state; the world no longer has free territories. But the founders of states do not lose heart and come up with more and more incredible ways to solve this problem.
Are you tired of crazy politicians, government interference or social permissiveness? Have taxes gotten so high that you can't bear it? Have you ever thought that everything would change for the better if people trusted you? Then we have good news: You can start your own microstate! It's not easy, but it's possible, and we'll tell you how. We will also give you successful and unsuccessful examples and show you the very real future of nation-building. Read on!
Steps
- Permanent population.
- Specific territory.
- Government.
- The ability to enter into relations with other states.
- The summary of the first ten articles is the explanation that the existence of a state does not depend on whether other countries recognize it, that it is free to act in its own name, and that no state has the right to interfere in the affairs of another.
- Please note that these are not laws in the generally accepted sense. Of course, you can declare your country anytime and anywhere. However, no one will take you seriously. It all comes down to a simple truth: you will have no legitimacy as a state.
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Find a territory for your microstate. This is the most the hard part. All existing lands have already been assigned existing states. With one exception. What's the exception? Antarctica. But even if you can cope with the weather and the lack of “attractiveness to the population”, Antarctica is claimed by the most powerful countries in the world and it is unlikely that they will simply allow you to plant a flag and say: “Mine!” Nevertheless, there are still options on how to find a suitable place on our Planet:
Build an island. The ocean, as they say, The Last Frontier. International waters do not belong to any nation, this spurs interest and activity in them.
Invite your friends. One of the key requirements for a state, in addition to territory, is population. If the land you conquer or create does not have an indigenous population, you will have to assemble a company yourself. Recruit your friends and family to join you in this venture and you will have a small but loyal population.
- These days, if you're serious about something (and creating a micronation can actually be serious), then you'll need a website. Use it to find like-minded people and provide them with good reasons to populate your new Republic. This could be: work and money, freedom to marry, or simply the chance to be part of the birth of a nation.
- You must decide what demands will be made on your citizens. Will I be required to take a citizenship test or comply with certain laws? What form will be used to identify them: passport, driver's license, subcutaneous RFID tag?
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Establish a government and constitution. The success or failure of your enterprise largely depends on the leadership in management. For example, the success of the United States lies in the Constitution, which is clear about everything, but at the same time open to interpretation and development. Without it, perhaps the country would cease to be a single whole and would fall apart into dozens of small ones due to unrest. nation states. Your government and your constitution must be guided by principles that should be established at the very beginning. Here are some examples of different microstates and their fundamental principles:
Develop a legal system. Every good country has a system according to which laws are made. A couple of examples:
- Referendum. Citizens vote to make decisions on issues national importance or local government. Referendums are held in Switzerland.
- True democracy. People vote for literally everything. IN big country Such a system is difficult to implement, but within a micronation it is quite possible.
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Declare your independence. Now that you have a territory, a population and a government with a constitution, it is time to make your presence known. Depending on what you have prepared for the world, one of three things will happen:
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Create an economy. If you do not trade in rubles, dollars, euros or other currencies, you will have to create your own financial system. Will the wealth of your people be built on gold, on securities or only on yours honestly? While your word may be enough among friends, in order to receive a government loan, you will need significant guarantees. Even if you stick to a set currency, you still need to decide how to finance your government. The best way to do this is taxes. The same taxes that made you decide to create your own state. Through taxation, your government will be able to provide basic services such as electricity, running water, necessary officials (as little as you want) and an army.
- The primary responsibility of every state (big or small) is the ability to protect its citizens from enemies. These will be regular troops, National Guard, conscription or some other defensive solution, this important point, which will need to be considered when creating a constitution.
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Gain recognition from the global community. To eliminate the unfavorable factors that led to the creation of your country (read above), you will need to become a global player. To do this, recognition from other countries is necessary. You will need solid experience in international law, politics and diplomacy. If you do not have such experience, it would be advisable to organize a cabinet of qualified politicians who can shoulder this burden.
- This is perhaps the most difficult step of all. Some countries, such as Palestine, Taiwan and Northern Cyprus, seem to have done everything necessary, but are still not recognized by many countries. There are no rules here - each country has its own standards by which they decide on recognition. The result can be influenced by such things as: affiliation with al-Qaeda, communism or capitalism. Your views on human rights or control over natural resources also matter. For example, in the United States, the decision to recognize a nation is made by the President. The decision on your request will depend on who occupies The White house Currently, their policies and preferences change every four years.
- Additionally, to join the UN, none of the five powers - the US, UK, China, Russia and France - must veto your membership. To put it differently, you will have to have neutral positions on issues such as territorial disputes, including with Palestine, Taiwan and Crimea.
- If you live close to or in Europe itself, try applying to join European Union. This way you will ensure your country’s sovereignty in world politics.
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Create your own symbols. Every country needs a flag and yours, of course, will be no exception. This is the most famous national symbol, but there are other symbols that will help create your national identity:
- Money. What will your currency look like? Will gold coins and 3D holograms on paper bills feature your profile, or will you use symbolic icons such as the Statue of Liberty or Charlton Heston? Will you go in a modern way, or will you cut out every detail by hand the old fashioned way?
- National emblem. You can come up with a national motto and translate it into Latin language. There are many free online translators. Add some florid graphics to your shield to make everyone think you're a descendant royal family. Or you can state your mission in a way that is easy to understand native language by asking a designer to create a logo. A good logo can be worth more than the Crown Jewels of England!
- Official correspondence. All letters you will write to the President, the UN, the Prime Minister and other heads of state will need blank paper High Quality embossed with your seal.
- National anthem. Don't forget the national anthem, which will be played at important events.
Learn about your country. Before you start creating new country, it makes sense to learn more about yours.
Develop a plan. Come up with the name of the country, districts, capital, language. Think about it.
Understand the rules. As Bob Dylan said, “To live outside the law, you have to be honest.” The same idea is true when forming a microstate: in order to create your own rules, you must follow the already established rules and norms. The main foundation on which they are built modern states, is the 1933 Convention on the Rights and Duties of States, also known as the Montevideo Convention. Here are the basic rules set out in the first article of the Convention:
The state as a subject of international law must have the following characteristics:
We have two living examples of the creation of new states before our eyes (what is it - in front of the borders!), but we decided that a little theory would not hurt you. Print this article and keep it along with the draft of the future Constitution.
Creating a country and declaring yourself the most important thing in it is the only way to fully experience corruption and understand where taxes are spent.
Convince you to organize own state really (they come from somewhere!), decided a serious man - lawyer Roman Terekhin, a specialist in legal issues.
Theory
“From the point of view of legal theorists, creating your own state is not so difficult. There are three main paths to independence,” says Roman.
1. Self-proclamation
“A state is created from the moment of its independent announcement of its existence,” explains the expert. - Let’s say the ethnic Chukchi community, represented by its leader, sends a note (for example, by registered letters with notification) to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs different countries that this community has declared itself a state.” Example - self-proclaimed and unrecognized Chechen Republic Ichkeria. However, the Principality of Sealand, formed on an abandoned platform in the North Sea, turned out to be more successful. The country is not legally recognized, which does not prevent it from existing for almost half a century.
2. Self-proclamation with recognition
“Modified theory of the first path. A state is considered established after self-declaration and recognition by at least one state,” says a senior lawyer. Abkhazia and South Ossetia followed this path.
3. Recognition
Recognition by the world community is a matter of time. But since the army of new countries usually cannot hold a candle to even the Russian one, it is better to acquire several allied countries from UN members in advance. An example is the Republic of Kosovo, recognized by more than 70 countries.
Practice
Search for territory
“Like-minded people can gather in poorly developed territory, found a settlement and declare their independence,” says Roman. However, there are almost no such territories left, even among the islands, and no one’s Antarctica is under a UN moratorium. “However, those who disagree have a chance to build their country under water,” the expert provokes in all seriousness.
Army
“The basis of the state. First of all, it is she who proves to the world community the sovereignty of the new entity,” says the expert. But the army needs money.
Money
Investors can be businessmen-adventurers, other states interested in controlled government, or large banks, which you will first rob.
Population
"Besides financial well-being“People need an ideology, something that modern leaders usually forget,” our consultant notes.
Government
“Legally, a state cannot be called a state if it does not have a government that issues regulations", warns Roman.
Alternative method
If there is no money, find a nation that needs a leader. A nation must have a historical territory. By creating an army on it, the nation will have a chance to receive UN protection as one fighting for independence. Other states cannot apply sanctions to such a country; any outside interference will be interpreted by the UN as a violation of international agreements. In such an incubator, it is easier to legislate, develop the economy and establish connections with the world.
It turns out that becoming a happy owner, and at the same time the ruler of a state, is not as difficult as it might seem at first glance. To this day, there are microstates, which are small areas of land that were declared independent from the main countries of the world. They are called differently: microstates, cyberstates, fantasy or virtual states, or simply micronations. Moreover, micro are really very small territories. Compared to these states, Monaco or Liechtenstein seem like giants. But in the vast majority of cases, these microcountries exist only in the imagination of their creators - on paper or on the Internet. Since the beginning of the 1990s, more than a thousand such “countries” have been formed, but not all have managed to survive. The most “persistent” ones came to their key goal and achieved recognition by issuing “their” coins, flags, postage stamps, medals and even passports, as well as participating in international forums, releasing books and videos, and holding various sporting events.
The microstate of Sealand is located in the Atlantic, 10 kilometers from the coast of Great Britain. Physically, the territory of the state arose during World War II. In 1942, the British Navy built a series of platforms on the approaches to the coast. Only one of them managed to survive, it was the Rafs Tower (literally: “hooligan tower”). 24 years later, retired British Army Major Paddy Roy Bates found it the best location for his pirate radio station, Britain's Better Music Station. And then, as in a fairy tale. To avoid prosecution by the English authorities, Bates declared the platform a sovereign state and proclaimed himself Prince Roy I. He succeeded, and now every year, on September 2, since 1967, Sealand celebrates the day of his proclamation.
Prince Roy I lived up to his title for a long time and fought for his “piece of land.” In June 1967, the former partner of the newly minted Prince of Sealand, O'Reilly, tried to take control of the island, but was repulsed by Bates' men, who defended the tower with small arms, Molotov cocktails, gasoline bombs and even flamethrowers. The next time, Sealand was defeated and captured, its inhabitants taken captive until foreign nations came to their defense. Within a year, the residents of Sealand had to withstand a new onslaught. In 1968, the British authorities tried to occupy the young state. Patrol boats approached the platform, but the princely family responded by firing warning shots into the air. The matter did not come to bloodshed, but a trial was launched against Prince Roy as a British citizen, as a result of which Bates was acquitted. Next, the virtual state had to suffer from a fire. And in 1978, Sealand went to war with workers hired by a German businessman who intended to dismantle the platform for scrap. At first, the aggressors won, but Prince Roy did not give up until the last and repelled the attack. The captured businessman repented and accepted Sealand citizenship.
The microstate also turned out to be a good source of income. After the radio station closed, Roy delved into the World Wide Web and created a new Internet service. For a fee, anyone can become a Baron or Lord of Sealand. More than 700 people have already become citizens of the micronation, and Roy I managed to transfer his power to Michael I. In addition, up to 150 thousand fake Sealand passports are circulating in the world. In a word - a full-fledged country with its own passports, flag, coat of arms, coups, alternative government in exile, only very small.
The example of Sealand was followed by another microstate - Molossia, which declared itself an independent country in 1977, or rather, its permanent head Kevin Boe (first the king, later the president). It is located on a narrow strip of land partly in the state of Nevada and partly in the state of California. At first, an absolute monarchy reigned in Molossia, but in 1999 the constitution was amended and it became a republic. In theory, Molossia has its own government, the Ministry of Defense, the Ministry of International Relations, the Ministry of Right and Wrong, the Ministry of Rocks, Sands and Dust Storms, and the Ministry of National Cuisine. The micronation's budget consists of the main income from the activities of the souvenir shop, located in the personal residence of the president. The official language of the small country is English, but its entire population of four speaks using the “desert alphabet” created in the mid-19th century by the Mormons. Molossia became famous for its “hard rules”, where bright luminous balls, cats, fish and tobacco were outlawed. Residents of a non-smoking country were the first to take part in the international Olympic Games among microstates.
Christopher Columbus became the discoverer of not only America, but also a small micronation. Redonda was declared an independent state in 1493. Since then, many have encroached on the title of king of this strange, uninhabited piece of rock, 56.2 km long. But, in fact, this small, uninhabited Caribbean island is still home to several feral goats. It so happened historically that the only significant natural resource of Redonda was guano, banal bird droppings, which accumulated here up to 7 thousand tons per year. After World War I, all work was stopped, and the workers safely left the island, which has since become known as uninhabited. In 2007, a Wellington pub in England attempted to declare itself the Redonda Embassy in response to a workplace smoking ban, but was refused. This is where the history of the island ends.
But there are states that are even less fortunate than the mountain goat state of Redonde. The Republic of Rosaland was destroyed by Italian naval forces for non-payment of taxes. The moment of the explosion of the state of Rosailand by the Italian fleet is even depicted on postage stamps. Another unsuccessful example of an attempt to create a micronation was made by the brother of the famous Ernest Hemingway, Leicester, but his settlement, known as New Atlantis, was immediately plundered by Mexican fishermen. The island republic of Minevra was immediately annexed to Tongo.
The quaint Empire Atlantium, located in Sydney, continues to exist to this day. The empire claims part of the territory of Australia - 10 sq.m. one of the suburbs of Sydney, but its political and legal status is still in question. In the meantime, more than one thousand citizens of Atlantium continue to live according to their original calendar, starting from the last ice age (according to it, now the year is 10,527).
The process of creating microstates that control, albeit negligibly small, territories has been going on throughout almost the entire history of mankind. But today it is more difficult than ever to create a new state; the world no longer has free territories. But the founders of states do not lose heart and come up with more and more incredible ways to solve this problem.
turist.rbc.ru/article/10/01/2008/78622