Chronological table of Vysotsky. Vysotsky Vladimir - biography
Date of birth: January 25, 1938
Date of death: July 25, 1980
Place of birth: Moscow
Vladimir Vysotsky - great poet and actor. Vladimir Semenovich Vysotsky born into a military family on January 25, 1938 in Moscow. Nina Maksimovna, Vladimir’s mother, initially worked as a translator-referent (German).
A little later I got a job as the head of the technical bureau. documentation. Father, Semyon Vladimirovich, rose to the rank of colonel.
The childhood of the future artist was spent in the average communal apartment capital Cities. When he turned nine, his parents divorced. Vladimir stayed with his father, who married a little later. In the same year, the Vysotsky family went to East Germany to visit Vysotsky Jr., who served there. Two years later they returned home, and Vladimir goes to school.
In 1953, young Vysotsky enrolled in a drama club, headed by V. Bogomolov. At the same time he wrote his first poems, telling about the death of Stalin. When Vladimir graduated from school at the age of 17, he entered the Kuibyshev Institute of Civil Engineering in Moscow. However, his training is only a semester long.
In 1996, he began his studies at the studio school at the Moscow Art Theater. 3 years later he makes his debut in the play “Crime and Punishment”. At the same time he starred in his first film called “Peers”. From the beginning of his studies he met Iza Zhukova, whom he took as his wife in 1960.
Since 1960 Vysotsky has been working in drama theater them. Pushkin with breaks. Writes first songs. Some students of his work agree that the very first song written by Vysotsky was “Tattoo” (1961).
In 1964, he took songs seriously and wrote them for various films of that time. At the same time, he completely left work at the Pushkin Drama Theater and changed it to the Moscow Drama and Comedy Theater (Taganka).
1967 was the year Vladimir met Marina Vladi, an actress and future wife, and a year later his first album comes out. In 1969, Vladi saved Vysotsky’s life when his blood vessel burst. He could have died at home. In the winter of 1970, they formalized their relationship. the main role The play “Hamlet”, which took place in 1971 at Taganka, rightfully went to V. Vysotsky.
In 1978, he received the highest category of pop vocalist of the USSR, awarded by the Ministry of Culture. Vysotsky spends almost the entire next year on tour in the USA. Performs in Yugoslavia, Hungary, France, Poland and Germany. At the same time, they organized the shooting of the famous Soviet film “The Meeting Place Cannot Be Changed.”
Unfortunately, by that time the singer’s health had already deteriorated from permanent alcoholism and drug addiction. Doctors warned that such a lifestyle would end extremely badly for Vysotsky, and treatment may be unsuccessful.
Soon Vladimir worries clinical death. On July 16, 1980, the last concert Soviet artist, and on July 25 of the same year he died at home in Moscow. An autopsy was not performed, so the exact cause of death has not been determined.
The debate continues to this day. Most likely, it was asphyxia or myocardial infarction.
Achievements of Vladimir Vysotsky:
During Vladimir's lifetime, 7 records, 1 giant disk and fifteen records were released general his songs were included. A number of CDs and tapes were also released after his death. His songs are popular in France, USA, Finland, Bulgaria, Germany and Israel. Surprisingly, his songs are listened to even in Japan and Korea.
Played about a dozen roles in the world of theater and cinema. Even today he is one of the most revered artists of the 20th century.
History has captured Vysotsky, first of all, as a singer performing his songs with a seven-string guitar.
Dates from the biography of Vladimir Vysotsky:
1938 – birth.
1947 – parents divorce. Stays with father. The family temporarily moves to East Germany.
1949 - return to Moscow. Vladimir goes to first grade.
1953 - wrote the first poems in memory of Stalin.
1955 – graduated from school. Student at the Moscow Kuibyshev Institute of Civil Engineering.
1956 – goes to study at the Moscow Art Theater School.
1959 – play “Crime and Punishment”: debut.
1960 – began working at the Moscow Dram. Theater named after Pushkin. Marries I. Zhukova.
1961 – the first song (according to researchers) “Tattoo”.
1964 - moved to the Moscow Taganka Drama and Comedy Theater.
1967 – met M. Vladi.
1970 - they got married.
1978 – The highest category of pop vocalist-soloist.
1979 – world tour. Starring in “The meeting place cannot be changed.”
1980 - gave his last concert. Death in Moscow.
Interesting facts of Vladimir Vysotsky:
There was a case when Vysotsky’s room in a Sochi hotel was robbed. However, a little later the thieves returned all the things after they found out who they belonged to.
I have never been a dissident. He traveled freely abroad, gave concerts there, and enjoyed extraordinary respect from the KGB and officials.
Vladimir Semyonovich Vysotsky. Born on January 25, 1938 in Moscow - died on July 25, 1980 in Moscow. Soviet poet, actor and songwriter. Laureate of the USSR State Prize (1987, posthumously).
Vladimir Vysotsky played dozens of roles in the theater, including Hamlet (“Hamlet” by W. Shakespeare), Galileo (“Life of Galileo” by B. Brecht), Lopakhin (“ The Cherry Orchard"A. Chekhov). The most notable works in cinema are his roles in the films “The Meeting Place Cannot Be Changed”, “Little Tragedies”, “Intervention”, “Master of the Taiga”, “Vertical”, “Two Comrades Served”, “The Tale of How Tsar Peter the Arab married", " Short meetings", "Bad good man».
Actor of the Taganka Drama and Comedy Theater in Moscow.
According to the results of a VTsIOM survey conducted in 2010, Vysotsky took second place in the list of “idols of the 20th century” after. A survey conducted by FOM in mid-July 2011 demonstrated that, despite the decline in interest in Vysotsky’s work, the vast majority (98%) of Russians are familiar with the name “Vladimir Vysotsky”, and about 70% responded that they like his songs and consider him creation important phenomenon national culture of the 20th century.
Vladimir Vysotsky was born on January 25, 1938 at 9 hours 40 minutes in Moscow in maternity hospital No. 8 of the Dzerzhinsky district of Moscow on Third Meshchanskaya Street (now it is Shchepkina Street, building 61/2; the building belongs to MONIKI named after M. F. Vladimirsky, a plaque with the poet’s date of birth is attached to the building).
Researchers agree that the Vysotsky family comes from the town of Selets, Pruzhany district, Grodno province, now Brest region, Belarus. The surname is probably associated with the name of the city of Vysokoye, Kamenets district, Brest region.
Father - Semyon Vladimirovich (Volfovich) Vysotsky (1915-1997), native of Kyiv, military signalman, veteran of the Great Patriotic War, holder of more than 20 orders and medals, honorable Sir cities of Kladno and Prague, Colonel.
Paternal grandfather - Vladimir Semenovich Vysotsky (at birth Wolf Shliomovich), born in 1889 in Brest (at that time Brest-Litovsk) in the family of a Russian language teacher. Later he moved to Kyiv. Had three higher education: legal, economic and chemical. Died in 1962. Grandmother Daria Alekseevna (at birth Deborah Evseevna Bronstein; 1891-1970) - nurse, cosmetologist. She loved her first grandson Volodya very much and last years life was a passionate fan of his songs.
Mother - Nina Maksimovna (nee Seregina, 1912-2003). Graduated from Moscow Institute foreign languages, worked as a translator-referent German language in the foreign department of the All-Russian Central Council of Trade Unions, then as a guide in Intourist. In the first years of the war, she served in the transcription bureau at the Main Directorate of Geodesy and Cartography of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs. Finished her career as a bureau chief technical documentation at NIIkhimmash.
Vysotsky’s maternal grandfather, Maxim Ivanovich Seregin, came to Moscow at the age of 14 from the village of Ogareva, Tula province. Later he began working as a doorman in various Moscow hotels. He and his wife Evdokia Andreevna Sinotova had five children, including Nina Maksimovna. She was born in 1912. After the early death of her parents, she began to live independently, raising younger brother. She worked as a translator from German.
Uncle - Alexey Vladimirovich Vysotsky (1919-1977), writer, participant in the Great Patriotic War, artilleryman, holder of three Orders of the Red Banner, colonel.
He spent his early childhood in a Moscow communal apartment on 1st Meshchanskaya Street, 126 (the house was demolished in 1955, in its place a new one was built in 1956, whose address since 1957 is Mira Avenue, 76): “For 38 rooms in total one restroom..." Vysotsky wrote in 1975 about his early childhood.
During the Great Patriotic War in 1941 - 1943, he lived with his mother in evacuation in the village of Vorontsovka, 25 km from the regional center - the city of Buzuluk, Chkalov (now Orenburg) region. In 1943 he returned to Moscow, to 1st Meshchanskaya Street, 126. In 1945, Vysotsky went to the first grade of school 273 in the Rostokinsky district of Moscow. Building former school located at Prospekt Mira, 68 bldg.
After his parents’ divorce, in 1947, Vladimir moved to live with his father and his second wife, Evgenia Stepanovna Vysotskaya-Likhalatova (née Martirosova) (1918-1988), whom Vysotsky himself called “Mama Zhenya” and later was even baptized in the Armenian Apostolic Church church to emphasize the special attitude towards it. In 1947 - 1949 they lived in Eberswalde (Germany), at their father’s place of service, where young Volodya learned to play the piano.
In October 1949, he returned to Moscow and went to the 5th grade for men high school No. 186 (currently there, on Bolshoi Karetny Lane, building 10a, is located main building Russian Legal Academy of the Ministry of Justice). At this time, the Vysotsky family lived on Bolshoi Karetny Lane, 15, apt. 4. (On the house there is a memorial plaque made by the Moscow architect Robert Rubenovich Gasparyan - the first, back in Soviet time, memorial plaque of the national idol). This lane is immortalized in his song “Bolshoi Karetny”.
Since 1953, Vysotsky attended the drama club in the Teacher's House, led by the Moscow Art Theater artist V. Bogomolov.
Third wife- (French Catherine Marina de Poliakoff-Baïdaroff), famous French film, theater, and television actress. Born May 10, 1938. We met in July 1967. They were married from December 1, 1970 to July 25, 1980.
Vladimir Vysotsky and Marina Vladi
Friends of Vladimir Vysotsky:
In his interviews, Vysotsky often talked about his friends - primarily about famous people, but noting that there were also “several people not related to ... public professions.”
So, the first friends who later became famous were Vladimir’s classmates: the future poet Igor Kokhanovsky and the future screenwriter Vladimir Akimov. Then this group grew: “We lived in the same apartment in Bolshoy Karetny, ... we lived like a commune.” This apartment belonged to the poet’s elder friend, Levon Kocharyan; and the actor, director, writer Arthur Makarov, screenwriter Vladimir Akimov, Anatoly Utevsky lived or often visited there. Vladimir Semyonovich recalls about these people: “It was possible to say only half a sentence, and we understood each other by gesture, by movements.” One of Vysotsky’s closest friends was the mime clown Leonid Engibarov.
Over time, theater colleagues were added: Valery Yanklovich. Besides them, on different stages During his life, Vysotsky also made new friends: David Karapetyan, Daniel Olbrykhsky, Vadim Tumanov, Viktor Turov, Mikhail Baryshnikov, Sergei Parajanov and others.
In Paris, Vysotsky meets Mikhail Shemyakin, who in the future will create many illustrations for Vysotsky’s songs and erect a monument to the poet in Samara. However, perhaps the most important thing that Mikhail Mikhailovich did to perpetuate the memory of his friend was Vysotsky’s recordings (107 songs), made in Paris in 1975-1980 in the studio of Mikhail Shemyakin. Vysotsky was accompanied on the second guitar by Konstantin Kazansky. These recordings are unique not only in the quality and purity of sound, but also in the fact that Vysotsky sang not just for the record, but for close friend, whose opinion he valued so much. Also during these years in Paris, together with the same Kazansky, who acted as an arranger, Vysotsky managed to record three of his records.
A close friend was Pavel Leonidov, Vysotsky’s impresario and his cousin.
Filmography of Vladimir Vysotsky:
1959 - Peers - student Petya (episode)
1961 - Career of Dima Gorin - high-rise installer Sofron
1962 - 713th requests landing - US Marine
1962 - Shore leave - sailor Peter, friend of Valezhnikov
1963 - Free kick - gymnast Yuri Nikulin
1963 - The Living and the Dead - The Cheerful Soldier
1965 - Our home - radio technician
1965 - On Tomorrow Street - Brigadier Pyotr Markin
1965 - Cook - Andrey Pchelka
1966 - Sasha-Sasha - singer with a guitar (episode)
1966 - I come from childhood - tank captain Volodya (also performs songs)
1967 - Vertical - radio operator Volodya (also performs 5 songs)
1967 - Short meetings - geologist Maxim (also performs 3 songs)
1967 - War under the roofs - a policeman at a wedding (also performs 2 songs)
1968 - Intervention - underground worker Michel Voronov / E. Brodsky (also performs the song “How cheerful we all are and how gloomy we are...”)
1968 - Two comrades served - White Guard lieutenant Alexander Brusentsov
1968 - Master of the taiga - rafting foreman Ivan Ryaboy (also performs 2 songs)
1969 - Dangerous Tours - Georges Bengalsky, Nikolai Kovalenko (also performs 3 songs)
1969 - White Explosion - Captain
1972 - Fourth - He
1973 - Bad Good Man - zoologist Von Koren
1974 - The only road - driver Solodov (also performs the song “On the road quickly - or go to the coffin!..”)
1975 - The Runaway of Mr. McKinley - street singer Bill Seeger (also performs 2 songs)
1975 - Signs of the Zodiac (script; music, lyrics and performance of the song “It’s not true, there’s not an abyss, not darkness above us...”)
1975 - The only one - the leader of the choir circle Boris Ilyich (also performs the song “Pahonia”)
1976 - The tale of how Tsar Peter married a blackamoor - Ibrahim Hannibal
1977 - There are two of them - cameo
1979 - “The meeting place cannot be changed” - Gleb Zheglov, captain of the MUR (also performs a fragment of A. Vertinsky’s song “The Lilac Negro”)
1979 - “Little Tragedies” - Don Juan.
Cartoon dubbing:
1974 - The Wizard Emerald City- Wolf.
Vocals of Vladimir Vysotsky in cinema:
1966 - I come from childhood - songs " Mass graves", "I lived with my mother and father on the Arbat...", "Stars", "Colds";
1966 Vertical - songs “Song about a friend”, “Climber”, “This is not a plain for you”, “Ballad of the Alpine shooters”, “Into the bustle of cities and traffic flows”;
1968 - Master of the Taiga - songs “It was not fate that attracted me and not Goldmine..." and "Crystal House";
1969 - Sons Go to Battle (also songwriter);
1974 - Smuggling - songs “Once Upon a Time at Sea” and “First There Was the Word” in a duet with Nina Shatskaya;
1974 - The only road (Chained Drivers / Okovani šoferi);
1975 - Robin Hood's arrows (Robina Huda bultas);
1975 - The only one - the song “Black Eyes”;
1976 - Midlife - fragment of the song “Cliffhanger” (uncredited);
1976 - Seventy-two degrees below zero (also songwriter);
1977 - Victor Krokhin’s second attempt - “Song of Bygone Times”;
1977 - Wind of "Hope";
1980 - “Mercedes” escapes from the chase - the song “He didn’t return from the battle yesterday”;
1982 - The Ballad of the Valiant Knight Ivanhoe - author and performer of ballads;
1984 - Darling, dear, beloved, only... - song “Fasicky Horses”;
1984 - Why does a person need wings;
1985 - Start over;
1985 - Every hunter wants to know... - song “Yak the Fighter”;
1988 - Whose are you, old man? - author and performer of the song “My Gypsy”;
1989 - High Blood (Vysoka kroў) (also songwriter);
1989 - In Aldebaran (short film) - the song “In the distant constellation Tau Ceti” is used (uncredited);
1990 - Passion for Vladimir - author and performer of songs " Morning exercises", "Black Bath", a soundtrack of a conversation with the audience at a concert was used;
1990 - Disintegration - the song “My Gypsy” was used (“Yellow lights in my dreams”);
1991 - Blood for Blood (also songwriter);
1991 - Recruiter (also songwriter);
1993 - I am Ivan, you are Abram (Moi Ivan, toi Abraham) - the song “My Gypsy” was used;
1999 - The meeting place cannot be changed. 20 years later (documentary);
2010 - I’ll leave this summer... (documentary)
Vladimir Semenovich Vysotsky - poet, songwriter (25.1.1938 Moscow - 25.7.1980 there). Father is a communications colonel, mother is a translator of technical literature (from German). Vladimir Semenovich lived in 1947-49. with his parents in Eberswalde near Berlin, from 1956 to 1960. he studied at the Moscow Art Theater School and then, after graduating, played on the stages of Moscow theaters.
Since 1964, he became the leading actor of the most avant-garde Moscow stage - the Taganka Theater under the direction of Yu. Lyubimov. The roles played here, including Hamlet, and in 26 films, where Vysotsky performed songs with a guitar, soon brought him extraordinary popularity. Vladimir Semenovich performed songs publicly, as well as at home, but the lyrics of his songs were not published. They were distributed in the USSR on millions of tapes and cassettes. Some of them appeared on 25 pages of the uncensored Metropol almanac.
Vladimir Vysotsky was married to a French actress of Russian origin Marina Vladimirovna Polyakova (artistic name - Marina Vladi). With its help, he was able to periodically obtain visas to travel to France, and in 1979 he made a concert tour of the United States.
His early death did not receive any official response, but responded with popular grief, a spontaneous night demonstration in front of the Taganka Theater, in which several tens of thousands of people from all segments of the population took part (a unique, almost unimaginable event during the decades of Soviet power). To the grave of Vladimir Semenovich on Vagankovskoe cemetery thousands of admirers of the poet come from year to year. After his death, the USSR was allowed to publish the collection " Nerve" (1981), containing 130 poems selected by Robert Rozhdestvensky. Some famous songs are completely absent here, others (for example, “ Ballad of Wolf's Death" And " Black eyes") cut in half. Publication in 3 volumes" Songs and poems"(1981-83), published in New York, contains about 600 songs, some prose, statements by Vladimir Vysotsky about his work and literature about him. Since 1986, perestroika opened up for him official way to the reader in the USSR.
Vysotsky as a bard is close to B. Okudzhava and A. Galich. He became an idol for millions Soviet people. He owes this to his talent for deeply personal perception of the lives of his compatriots and contemporaries; their joys and sorrows, fears and hopes are reflected with complete truthfulness in his songs, performed with such dedication that one can call it selflessness. Vysotsky’s emotional excitement is completely transmitted to his Russian listeners. At the same time, he is capable of embodying tragedies and destinies that he himself has not experienced - this applies primarily to the horrors of war and camp torture. His main position is religiosity, pacifism, willingness to help; his means of expression diverse: descriptiveness, accusation, humor, wit, irony, spell. In his manner of performance, in his singing there was roughness and hoarseness, there was pathos and changes - and always in full accordance with the text. “The note of the city outskirts, the courtyards of hastily paved Russia found itself in it” (A. Voznesensky, in the magazine “ New world", 1982, No. 11, p. 116). He sang, “creating, as it were, a synthesis of poetry and the trash of everyday life, music and the vulgarity of Soviet life, theater and the popular vulture of street voices” (A. Krugly).
Vysotsky Vladimir Semenovich was born in Moscow in 1938, on January 25. He died here on July 25, 1980. This talented person is an outstanding poet of the USSR, as well as an actor and singer, author of several works in prose, Honored Artist of the RSFSR (posthumously, since 1986). He also received the USSR State Prize (also posthumously, in 1987). Vysotsky’s work and biography will be presented in this article.
As an actor, he participated in 30 films, including “Little Tragedies,” “The Meeting Place Cannot Be Changed,” “Vertical,” “Master of the Taiga,” “Brief Encounters.” Vladimir Semenovich was a member of the troupe, constantly performing at the Moscow Drama and Comedy Theater, located on Taganka. Vysotsky’s work will be discussed in more detail below.
Family of Vladimir Semenovich
His father is Semyon Vladimirovich Vysotsky (years of life - 1916-1997). He is a native of Kyiv, a WWII veteran, a military signalman, a colonel. Nina Maksimovna (years of life - 1912-2003) - the mother of the poet, by profession she is a translator into Russian from German. Uncle of Vladimir Semenovich - Alexey Vladimirovich (years of life - 1919-1977). This man is a writer, participated in the Second World War, and was awarded three Orders of the Red Banner.
Where does the Vysotsky family come from?
Researchers currently agree that the place where the Vysotsky family originated can be considered the Grodno province, Pruzhany district, the town of Selets (now it is Belarus, Brest region). Probably, the surname was associated with the name of one of the settlements in the Brest region, the Kamenets district (the city of Vysokoye).
Childhood of the future artist
Vladimir early childhood spent in a communal apartment in Moscow, located on 1st Meshchanskaya Street. In 1975, he wrote about this period of his life that families had only one latrine for 38 rooms. In 1941-1943, he lived in the village of Vorontsovka in evacuation with his mother. This one is located locality was 20 kilometers from the regional center - the city of Buzuluk, located in the Chkalov region (now Orenburg region). In 1943, the future poet returned to 1st Meshchanskaya Street (renamed “Prospekt Mira” in 1957). In 1945, he went to first grade in one of the Moscow schools.
In 1947, some time after his parents divorced, Vladimir and whose work is presented in this article, moved in with his father and his second wife (Evgenia Stepanovna Vysotskaya-Likhalatova). They lived in 1947-1949 in Germany, in the city of Eberswalde, where their father served. Here Vysotsky learned to play the piano. His life and work, however, took place mainly in Moscow.
He returned to the capital in 1949, in October, and went to boys’ school No. 186 here, in fifth grade. The Vysotsky family at that time lived in Bolshoi Karetny Lane, in house number 15 (now you can see a memorial plaque on this building).
The beginning of an artistic career
Since 1953, Vysotsky attended a drama club in the Teacher’s House, led by V. Bogomolov, an artist of the Moscow Art Theater. Vladimir graduated from school No. 186 in 1955 and, at the insistence of his relatives, entered the Moscow Institute of Civil Engineering, mechanical engineering department. He left there after the first semester.
This decision was made in New Year's Eve(from 12/31/1955 to 01/01/1956). Together with Igor Kokhanovsky, school friend, Vysotsky made drawings, without which he would not have been allowed to attend the session. The task was completed around two o'clock in the morning. But suddenly Vladimir stood up and began pouring ink (remains of brewed coffee - according to another version) over his drawing. He decided to prepare to enter the theater school, because he decided that the mechanical faculty was not for him.
Study at the Moscow Art Theater
From 1956 to 1960, Vladimir Semenovich was a student at the Moscow Art Theater, acting department. He studied with Vershilov, after which with Komissarov and Massalsky. Vysotsky met Iza Zhukova in his first year. He married this girl in the spring of 1960.
First work in the theater
His first work in the theater was in 1959 (the role of Porfiry Petrovich in a play called “Crime and Punishment”). At the same time, Vysotsky received his first episodic film role (student Petya in the film "Peers"). The first mention of him in print took place in 1960. It was an article “Nineteen from the Moscow Art Theater” by L. Sergeev.
Vladimir Semenovich worked in 1960-1964 at the Moscow Drama Theater. Pushkin (with breaks). He played the role of Leshy in the play (based on Aksakov’s work), in addition, about 10 more roles, most of which were episodic.
On the set of a film called “The 713th Requests Landing” in 1961, Vladimir Semenovich met Lyudmila Abramova, who became his second wife. The marriage was officially registered in 1965.
First musical works
Vysotsky's musical creativity dates back to the 60s. The earliest song is considered to be “Tattoo”, written in Leningrad in 1961. Vladimir Semenovich himself repeatedly called her such.
But there is another one, called "49 days", which dates back to 1960. The author's attitude towards this song was very critical. It was given a caption in the autograph, in which it was called a manual for hacks, “beginners and completes.” At the end it was explained that poems on any topical topic could be made in the same way. Despite the fact that the author himself excluded this song from his work, considering “Tattoo” to be the first, the soundtracks of the performances of “49 Days” are known, and they date back to 1964-1967.
Mature creativity
Vysotsky’s songwriting, together with acting, later became Vladimir Semenovich’s work of life. He, having worked at the Moscow Theater of Miniatures for less than two months, undertook unsuccessful attempts enter Sovremennik. In 1964, Vysotsky created the first songs for films, and also entered the Taganka Theater, where he worked until the end of his life.
Vladimir Semenovich met in 1967, in July, Marina Vladi, French actress(Polyakova Marina Vladimirovna), who became his third wife in 1970, in December.
Clinical death
Vysotsky sent a letter in 1968 to about harsh criticism in the central newspapers of him early songs. At the same time, his first gramophone record, entitled “Songs from the film “Vertical””, was released. The actor had a life in the summer of 1969. He survived then only thanks to Marina Vladi. At this time she was in Moscow. The girl heard groans as she passed the bathroom and saw that Vladimir Semenovich was bleeding from his throat.
The doctors, fortunately, brought him to the Sklifosovsky Institute on time. He wouldn't have survived if there had been a few more minutes of delay. Doctors fought for 18 hours for the life of this actor. Rumors have already spread throughout Moscow about his death.
In 1972, on June 15, a program called “The Guy from Taganka” was shown on Estonian television. This is how Vysotsky first appeared on Soviet television, not counting the films in which he participated.
He settled in 1975 on Malaya Gruzinskaya Street, in a cooperative apartment. Showroom The committee of graphic artists was located in the basement of this building. Exhibitions of various nonconformists have been held here since 1977. The actor visited them regularly.
In the first and last time in the same year, a poem was published during his lifetime, which marked the work of Vladimir Vysotsky, in a literary and artistic collection called “Poetry Day”. It was called "From a travel diary."
Vysotsky’s creativity flourished in the 1970s. In 1978, on February 13, by order of the Ministry of Culture, this artist was awarded the highest category of pop soloist-vocalist. After this, he earned official recognition as a professional singer. The work of Vladimir Vysotsky was finally appreciated.
Usually his songs are classified as bard compositions, but a reservation should be made. Their manner of performance and theme were very different from many other so-called intelligent bards. Vladimir Semenovich, in addition, had a rather negative attitude towards amateur song clubs. Unlike many bards of the USSR, he was also a professional actor, so his work cannot for this reason be attributed to amateur performances. The compositions touched on many topics. Among him and love lyrics, and ballads, and thieves' songs, as well as those written in political topics, humorous, fairy tale songs. Many subsequently began to be called monologues, since they were written in the first person. That's how it is song creativity Vysotsky, briefly described.
Vladimir Semenovich recorded on television in 1978, participated in next year in the edition of the almanac called "Metropol".
In Paris in the 1970s, Vladimir Semenovich meets Alyosha Dmitrievich, a gypsy artist and musician. They repeatedly performed romances and songs together, and were even going to release a record, but in 1980 Vysotsky died, so this project did not materialize.
Touring abroad
Vladimir Semenovich, together with the troupe of the Taganka Theater, went abroad on tour - to Poland, Germany, France, Yugoslavia, Hungary, Bulgaria. He also managed to visit the USA several times, received permission to go on a private visit to France to his wife, and visited Tahiti and Canada. He gave more than a thousand concerts abroad and in the USSR.
On central television in 1980, January 22, Vysotsky was recorded in the Kinopanorama program. Its fragments will be shown for the first time in January 1981, and only in 1987 will it be released in its entirety.
Last days, death of Vysotsky
The performance at the Lyubertsy Palace of Culture (not far from Moscow) took place in 1980, on July 3. According to eyewitnesses, the musician looked unhealthy. He himself admitted that he was not feeling well, but he remained cheerful, playing a two-hour concert instead of the planned hour and a half. This love for the stage is all about Vladimir Vysotsky. His creativity and fate were still approaching the inevitable finale.
One of latest performances took place in the same year, on June 22, in the city of Kaliningrad. During it, Vysotsky again became ill. Speaking at NIIEM (Moscow) on July 14, he performed one of his last songs entitled “My sadness, my longing...”. In Kaliningrad (now Korolev) near Moscow, he held his last concert on July 16.
Vysotsky appeared for the last time at the Taganka Theater on July 18, in the role of Hamlet, the most famous of all his roles. These are latest events, which marked the work of Vysotsky.
Briefly about his death the following can be said. Vladimir Semenovich died on July 25 in his sleep, in a Moscow apartment. The exact cause of his death cannot be determined as no autopsy was performed. Several versions exist about this. Leonid Sulpovar and Stanislav Shcherbakov say that the artist died from suffocation, asphyxia as a result of excessive use of sedatives (alcohol and morphine). However, Igor Elkis refutes this version.
Artist's funeral
Vysotsky was buried on July 28. The actor died during the Olympic Games in Moscow. In anticipation of this event, the city was completely closed to the entry of non-residents. It was flooded with police. There were practically no reports of death in the Soviet media at this time. Despite all this, a huge crowd gathered at the Taganka Theater after Vysotsky’s death. She stayed there for several days. On the day of the funeral, the roofs of the buildings located around Taganskaya Square were filled with people. It seemed that all of Moscow was burying such a great man as Vladimir Vysotsky, whose biography and work continue to arouse great interest today.
Vysotsky's House of Creativity in Krasnodar
The house of creativity of this legendary artist in Krasnodar is located in the city center. Several rooms display personal belongings that belonged to the artist, as well as photographs taken during his studies at the Moscow Art Theater, and materials relating to various periods of his life. This artist is also located here. Entry is free. There is a bust of the artist in front of the building's façade. The life and work of Vladimir Vysotsky attracts many people here today. In the House of Creativity there is also the opportunity to watch films about it and take a tour, also completely free.
Vladimir Vysotsky is a Soviet poet, theater and film actor, songwriter (bard). He is the author of more than 600 songs on a variety of topics.
In addition to his brilliant songs, thanks to which he became famous throughout the world, he managed to play many iconic roles in theater and cinema. According to recent polls, Vysotsky took 2nd place in the list of “Russian idols of the 20th century,” second only to.
We bring to your attention the biography of Vysotsky. Of course, this biography, like the vast majority, contains many paradoxes. But first things first.
So, in front of you short biography Vladimir Vysotsky.
Brief biography of Vysotsky
Vladimir Semenovich Vysotsky was born on January 25, 1938 in. He lived in a large communal apartment with his parents. His father, Semyon Vladimirovich, was an actor and bard, and his mother, Nina Maksimovna, worked as a translator and assistant.
Childhood and youth
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According to the artist, his first song was “Tattoo”, performed by him in 1961. He considered his idol the then famous musician and actor -.
Vysotsky began writing songs more seriously in the 60s. But at first his work was not appreciated. Listeners were little attracted to the yard theme, and in such an unusual execution.
It must be said that at that time the musician himself did not take his compositions seriously, saying that he wrote simply for his friends and “home gatherings.”
Vysotsky experimented with different genres, trying to talk about serious things in simple words. In 1965, he wrote the famous song “Submarine,” which was instantly loved by the public.
From that moment on, Vladimir Vysotsky repeatedly wrote songs for films, and also took part in the filming himself.
In 1968, his debut album was recorded with his songs heard in the film “Vertical”. The composition “Song about a Friend” immediately gained incredible popularity in society.
In 1975, the bard recorded the gramophone record “V. Vysotsky. Self-portrait." This album is notable for the fact that each song was accompanied by comments from the author.
In 1978, in the biography of Vysotsky, it happened an important event: he was awarded the highest category of pop vocalist. Thus, the Soviet Ministry of Culture officially recognized the artist’s work.
The popularity of Vysotsky's songs grew every day. His poems and manner of performance so impressed foreign listeners that they massively bought pirated recordings of the artist.
In 1979, Vladimir Semenovich was invited to perform in New York and Toronto. At the same time, he took part in the creation of the famous almanac "Metropol", which was not influenced by censorship.
It was released in 12 copies, one of which was illegally exported to the United States and officially published there.
Vysotsky did not stop giving concerts in large and provincial cities. One day, while on tour, he met a gypsy musician, with whom he recorded many compositions.
Despite the fact that in recent years Vysotsky had serious problems health, he did not stop performing in front of the public, while also playing in the theater.
He wrote more than 600 songs and about 200 poems. Wherever a musician appeared, he was waiting for him stunning success and the love of the public. Concert halls were always crowded, because everyone wanted to hear Vysotsky’s hysterical, hoarse cry: “Save our souls.”
During its creative biography he recorded 7 of his own albums and 11 collections of other people's songs performed by him. However, the exact number of his albums is not known for certain.
The fact is that they were published in different countries, were often not allowed for sales, and were also rewritten many times.
Life in cinema
Vysotsky played his first acting role in the film “Peers”. This was followed by more serious films: “The Career of Dima Gorin” and “The 713th Requests Landing.” However, directors still did not trust him with leading roles.
Perhaps this was due to the fact that Vysotsky began to abuse alcohol. Subsequently, alcohol became the cause of many problems in his personal and creative biography.
The painting “Vertical” brought national love and recognition to Vladimir Semenovich, for which he wrote everything musical compositions. The day after the film was released, Vysotsky became the favorite actor and musician of many Soviet citizens.
Once upon a time, in his distant childhood, young Volodya performed compositions by popular authors on the guitar, and now in every courtyard group young people vied with each other to sing his own songs.
Vysotsky really liked cinema, so, despite the colossal workload in the theater and constant bard concerts, he continued to act in films with famous directors.
He managed to play in such popular films as “Two Comrades Served,” “Master of the Taiga,” “Brief Encounters,” etc.
Despite public recognition, Vysotsky was in serious confrontation with the authorities. The Communist Party constantly put a spoke in the musician’s wheels, doing everything possible to prevent the spread of his songs.
In fairness, it should be noted that with all this, many managers government agencies They openly sympathized with Vysotsky, helping to resolve certain problems.
Due to the constant incredible workload, Vladimir Vysotsky began to drink seriously, which is why he was repeatedly kicked out of his native Taganka theater.
However, then he was again offered the main roles, which he brilliantly performed on stage. It was at this time that he played Hamlet, which became his calling card.
No matter what problems the bard faced in life, he never faked it, but completely devoted himself to what he loved.
For the first time on television, he was shown in the Estonian program “The Guy from Taganka,” where viewers could learn in more detail about the life of their idol. Then he appeared on French television, where he performed original songs and answered questions from the audience.
Despite the enormous interest in Vysotsky on the part of domestic and foreign citizens, during his lifetime he was never shown on the USSR Central Television.
One of the most iconic roles in the actor’s creative biography was his work in the TV series “The Meeting Place Cannot Be Changed.” Vysotsky played senior detective Gleb Zheglov so skillfully and truthfully that the image of this hero became attached to him for the rest of his life.
Many from this film were included in Soviet culture as its integral part.
Vysotsky's wives
Officially, Vysotsky was married 3 times. However, there were much more beloved women in his biography.
First wife
In 1960, student Vladimir Vysotsky, at the age of 22, married Isolda Zhukova, who also studied at the Moscow Art Theater. However, their family union fell apart very quickly, without lasting even a year.
Second wife
In 1962, Lyudmila Abramova became the artist’s second wife, who bore him two sons - Arkady and Nikita. However, in 1970 their official divorce took place.
Third wife
The third and last wife of Vladimir Vysotsky was Marina Vladi. He fell in love with her as soon as he first saw her on TV. The musician constantly thought about her and watched films with her participation.
One day, completely by chance, he met Vladi at a restaurant for lunch. The actor, without hesitation, walked to her table and began to look her straight in the eyes. This look predetermined their future fate.
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In general, it’s no wonder that Vysotsky managed to win the heart of a French woman, because women literally pursued famous poet and musician.
In 1970 they got married. For 10 years, until Vysotsky’s death, Marina Vladi remained next to him, and was for him not only the woman he loved, but also a reliable support in life.
However, their marriage was far from ideal. The musician was repeatedly spotted surrounded by other girls, which was often the cause of family quarrels.
Romance with Afanasyeva
It is reliably known that Vysotsky had an affair with Oksana Afanasyeva, his junior by 20 years. It was real love with reverent courtship and deep feelings.
The artist’s legal wife at that time lived in, but at the same time knew very well about love affairs husband.
Soon Afanasyeva moved to Vysotsky’s apartment and began living with him. After a little time, the artist began to cheat on her.
Diseases and addictions
Despite the excellent physical fitness, Vladimir has never been different good health. In principle, this is not surprising. After all, constant alcohol abuse and the adoption of various narcotic drugs does not pass without a trace.
Vysotsky smoked at least a pack of cigarettes per day. At the same time, he himself already wanted to get rid of alcohol and drug addiction, periodically undergoing treatment in various clinics in Russia and France.
However, all these attempts were unsuccessful. Marina Vladi sent him expensive medicines from France, but they also did not help.
In 1969, he suffered his first serious attack, which could have been fatal for him. His throat suddenly started bleeding, as a result of which Vladi urgently called an ambulance.
Surprisingly, at first the doctors did not want to help him, explaining that the patient was about to die. The situation was saved by Marina’s persistence, who began to threaten the doctors with a diplomatic scandal.
Fortunately, the doctors managed to deliver him to the hospital in a timely manner and perform the corresponding operation, which lasted about 18 hours.
However, all these warning signs did not in any way affect the great bard’s lifestyle. He continued to drink alcohol, as a result of which his kidneys and heart began to seriously worry.
Later, Vysotsky himself began to take some drugs, thinking that they would help him get rid of his addiction to alcohol. Already in the mid-70s, he was discovered to have a persistent drug addiction.
Each time he increased the doses of morphine and amphetamine, without which he could no longer live a day.
In Vysotsky’s biography there are facts indicating that in 1979 in Bukhara he experienced clinical death.
Death and funeral
On July 25, 1980, Vladimir Semenovich Vysotsky died at the age of 42. It is reliably known that on that day he had a presentiment of his own death and even warned his mother about it.
Before this, the doctor gave him a sedative injection so that he could get some sleep. Thus, the greatest Russian bard died in his sleep.
The musician's relatives insisted on not conducting an autopsy, which is why the exact cause of his death remains unknown. Vysotsky's relatives and friends believe that drugs ruined him.
The Soviet leadership did everything possible to ensure that his death was known as widely as possible. less people. Largely the reason for this was summer olympics, which took place this year in Moscow.
The authorities did not want to spoil the solemn event with the news of the death of the people's favorite. Only at the box office of the Taganka Theater was a message posted about Vysotsky’s death, after which a crowd of people gathered near the theater in a matter of minutes.
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Despite the fact that information about the funeral was not disseminated, a huge number of people came to say goodbye to the great artist. The line moving to the entrance to Taganka stretched for nine kilometers.
According to reports from the Moscow Main Internal Affairs Directorate, 108 thousand people gathered on Taganskaya Square and the surrounding areas that day.
Here are some memories of Vysotsky’s son, 16-year-old Nikita:
“We slowly moved behind the bus and watched as people, breaking through the cordon, threw bouquets under the bus. The entire funeral column rode along the flowers. I have never seen anything like this either before or since. It's like someone directed this crowd scene, like in the movies. That day I heard that flower shops in Moscow were empty...”
The director of the cemetery was an admirer of Vladimir Vysotsky’s talent, so he made sure that he was buried not far from the entrance. He would later be fired because of this.
Many years have passed since Vysotsky’s death, but even today his grave remains one of the most visited at the Vagankovskoye cemetery.
Vysotsky wrote his last poems to his wife Marina Vladi:
And there is ice below and above - I toil between -
Should I punch through the top or drill through the bottom?
Of course - to emerge and not lose hope,
And then we get down to business waiting for visas.
The ice is above me, break and crack!
I'm covered in sweat, like a plowman from a plow.
I'll return to you, like the ships from the song,
Remembering everything, even old poems.
I am less than half a century old - forty-something -
I am alive, I am protected by you and the Lord.
I have something to sing when I appear before the Almighty,
I have something to justify myself before Him.
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