The lichen fungus gets what from the algae. Relationship between fungus and algae in the body of a lichen
Since ancient times, people have observed amazing meteorological phenomena- sediments from various animals from small to large (from insects to cattle). This has been interpreted in different ways, and there are still some doubts about true reasons unusual rains. What sometimes rains down on the heads of the inhabitants of the old lady-Earth and how it turns out - look further!
Fish rains
Sediments in the form of small and large fish were observed in different times in all corners of the planet - alive, dead and even rotten (depending on your luck). Early Florentine meteorological records report showers of herring and trout. The rain of fish made a lot of noise in India, not far from the Brahmaputra River - it was recorded by scientist James Principe. In England, such a phenomenon will not surprise anyone: during a thunderstorm, fish fell here several times - both in villages and in fields, and the area where strange rains fell is always small, and was limited to one street or plot of land. In America in 1892 there was a shower of eels, and this is not the whole list of anomalies. All we can say is that many people are happy about free fresh fish and enjoy collecting it.
Recently, in March 2010, such rain fell in Australia. When it rained, fish, frogs and birds fell from the sky. Some animals survived the fall very well, although they were in a state of shock. Apparently they fell to the ground shortly after they were picked up... But how does this happen?
What is the reason for this phenomenon? One theory suggests that strong winds over water can pick up animals and carry them ashore. long distance before throwing it to the ground. This aspect with scientific point sight has never been proven
In Honduras, that in Central America, fish rains are an annual phenomenon. It even served as the reason for holding the “Fish Rain Festival”. True, now the Hondurans will have to decide on the exact date, because, since 2006, it has already rained from living creatures twice a year. By at least, Honduran television makes such statements.
While science struggles to find an explanation, locals believe the annual fish rain is nothing less than divine intervention. Between 1856 and 1864, Catholic priest Father José Manuel Subirana lived in this area. Many Honduras Catholics consider him a saint, even though the Vatican did not give him such an honor. He spent three days and three nights in solitude and prayer, asking for mercy for poor country and about our daily bread. Legend has it that when the Father finished his three days of prayer, the first rain of fish occurred. Local residents always collect fish, which helps them feed
National Geographic conducted research in this area in 1970. Experts witnessed the case but were unable to offer an explanation. It is difficult to explain why all the fish are the same size and the same species. In addition, it is also puzzling that this species of fish does not inhabit the local waters. One scientific theory is that the fish are caught in a water tornado formed by strong winds. Some people think that fish can fly from Atlantic Ocean located at a distance of 200 km, or inhabit underground rivers areas.
Rains of shellfish and crabs
These are the seafood scattered by the picky English weather in Worcestershire in 1881. Moreover severe thunderstorm brought the locals £25 worth of provisions - a real fortune! Marine life They collected for two whole days, many even managed to collect several buckets. And again, the “miracle” happened on a small patch of land.
frog rains
Also not at all uncommon. In ancient times, the fall of thousands of amphibians was recorded in Greece: the historian Heraclides Lemb wrote that such a fall heavy rain of frogs, that the rivers were full of them, houses and roads were covered with frogs, and there was nowhere to step without crushing a toad. Many houses had to be locked, and the smell from dead frogs filled the air with such a stench that people had to flee the country. In the last century, rains of tadpoles fell on France - without water, but on their own. People had to clear the streets, cafes and vans of them. Similar cases are known in Japan, and the last rain of frogs was recorded in America four years ago.
Maybe, fish showers not as unpleasant as frog-shaped precipitation. However, as they say, it depends on the taste and color... Maybe someone likes toads better. In August 1804, near Toulouse, a cloud of unusually black color appeared in the sky. Frogs fell out of it onto the ground.
Moreover, the day was sunny and clear. One can only guess where they came from. Something similar happened in 1863 in England, in the village of Eikle. Here, so many frogs fell from the sky that the village was literally littered with them. True, a day later the unusual “precipitation” suddenly disappeared. Where they went, people could not understand. In June 1882, an amazing hailstorm occurred in Iowa. Its strangeness was that inside the hailstones there were small frogs, and alive ones. In June of that year, it rained white frogs in Birmingham. Similar rain fell in the same place in 1954. In the 60-80s of the last century, frogs died in Buckinghamshire, Arkansas, France, in the village of Brignoles. And in 1933 on Far East, near the village of Kavalerovo, jellyfish fell from the sky.
It is estimated that in the 19th century there were more than 100 rains of fish and frogs. In the 20th century there were more than 50 such cases.
Rains of mice
In 1573, a strange rain of large yellow mice occurred in the Bergen area. Having fallen into the water, the rodents were in a hurry to get to the shore and find some kind of shelter. In the fall of next year, history repeated itself again.
Rains of Birds
Frequent precipitation in the USA. WITH clear skies hundreds fall dead wild ducks, mockingbirds, woodpeckers and other birds. Some of these rains occur in cities, some - on forest highways, as well as in the area of airfields. The latter is most reminiscent of the effect of chemtrails, but not everything is so simple. Autopsies show varying results - from suffocation to serious injuries, as if huge flocks of various birds all crashed into an invisible wall at once and fell in one place.
Much the same thing happened in August 1868 in Brazil. Here blood dripped from the sky and pieces of meat fell. It rained for about 7 minutes. In March 1876, pieces of fresh mutton and veal fell from the sky in Kentucky. In 1880 there was a march in Morocco bloody rain. Ten years later, the same phenomenon was observed in Italy. The rain consisted of pure bird blood. It is noteworthy that in the surrounding areas there was no hurricane, wind, or other natural disasters. And where the bird carcasses went was also unclear. But in 1896, carcasses of freshly killed birds fell from the sky in Louisiana. There were so many carcasses that the streets were literally littered with them. Something similar happened in 1969 in Maryland. Here, too, bloody birds fell from the sky.
In 1957, the book “ Wildlife India", its author is the Englishman E. Gee. He wrote about very interesting phenomenon which I myself witnessed. The phenomenon is called "birdfall". It happens in the Indian valley of Jatinga, in the mountains Indian state Assam. Every year at the end of August an amazing holiday takes place here called “Night of Falling Birds”. Local residents light fires in the square. Birds appear in the air at night. Some immediately fall to the ground. The inhabitants of the valley collect birds, pluck and roast them. Birds fall from the sky for 2-3 nights. Local residents believe that the gods send them birds as a reward for good behavior.
In the 70s of the 20th century, the Indian zoologist Sengupta decided to find out what was happening here. He saw that the behavior of the birds was absolutely incredible. They not only fell to the ground, but also flew into houses. Moreover, the birds did not try to escape when they were caught. For several days they were not themselves, they did not eat anything. But if they were later released into the wild, the birds flew away as if nothing had happened. The zoologist decided to discuss this issue with ornithologists in Europe and the USA. It was not possible to solve the phenomenon.
Rains of snakes and worms
Can you imagine the horror of the inhabitants of a couple of blocks of Memphis, large city in Tennessee, when on January 15, 1877, thousands of snakes ranging from one to one and a half feet long fell on their houses along with a downpour?! Perhaps the following picture would seem even more repulsive to you: in 1976 in Devonshire (England), worms began to fall from the sky in the middle of winter. The problem was also that the ground was very frozen, and they could not disappear from the eyes of eyewitnesses naturally, going to their usual habitat. The same disaster befell the state of Massachusetts, where a similar moving surprise fell along with the snow.
Rains of large animals
This practically won’t fit on your head anymore! In 1877, to one of the farms North Carolina the rain brought several alligators, and in 1990, fishermen in the Sea of Okhotsk had a serious accident: a cow fell on a fishing boat and sank it. Fortunately, the rescuers helped the unlucky Japanese, and they said that in addition to the culprit of the incident, several more such animals fell into the water.
In October 1956, a small, hairy monkey fell from the sky one night in San Francisco. It would be logical to assume that she fell from a plane. But that night there were no monkeys on any plane at all. And in 1930 in Germany, in the Rhine Mountains, five fell from the sky dead people, they were covered with a crust of ice.
Money Showers
Of course, it’s much nicer when coins fall from the sky. This also happens. In 1940 in Gorky region, above the village of Meshchery, Pavlovsk district, during a thunderstorm, silver money fell from the sky. To local residents managed to collect approximately a thousand coins minted from the time of Ivan the Terrible.
On February 17, 1957, the London newspaper People published a story saying that a County Durham woman was in her yard when two halfpence coins fell from the sky. In the same year for residents French city Banknotes in denominations of 1000 francs fell from the sky to Bourget. The police tried to find out who the banknotes belonged to, but their owner was never found. The locals are clearly lucky. In September 1968, the London Daily Mirror newspaper reported that penny coins were falling in Ramsgate, Kent. There were about 50 coins in total, but they were bent. In January 1976, a German newspaper reported how banknotes fell from the sky in front of two priests in Limburg. They managed to collect 2000 marks. Residents of one of the villages in the Tula province were a little less “lucky”: in the summer of 1890, canvases fell from the sky. Many decided that they had witnessed God's miracle.
Other precipitation
No less strange “rains” of ice floes, stones, bricks, etc. remain a mystery. Moreover, sometimes they can fall in a very peculiar way. For example, on September 4, 1886 in Charleston, South Carolina) day and night, warm stones flew from a clear sky onto the same section of the pavement. In 1880, for five days in a row, bricks fell from the sky near a school near the Government House in Madras (India) in front of numerous witnesses.
In 1921 in India, in Pondicherry, pieces of brick fell inside one of the houses. Interestingly, no one was able to find the villain who dropped these bricks. Witnesses mysterious phenomenon they said that bricks fell not only in the house, but also in the yard. They seemed to appear out of nowhere, below the roof. This can no longer be explained by the impact of a tornado... Something similar happened on next year in Chica (California). There were no natural disasters, in particular tornadoes, observed in the district.
Around this time, in Johannesburg (South Africa), one of the pharmacies was bombarded with stones. The police tried unsuccessfully to find out what kind of hooligans were throwing stones. Interestingly, the stones fell vertically. The cause of the phenomenon could not be unraveled.
As legends and traditions testify, in ancient times, larger objects fell from the sky. There is a well-known Christian legend that the famous pillar in Zaragoza was carried through the air by angels and the Virgin Mary. And in 416, a stone column fell from the sky in Constantinople. In China, Japan and Burma there are beliefs that pyramid-shaped stones falling from the sky are nothing more than talismans given by heaven. People believed that stones were processed in heaven and then thrown down as a gift to people.
Sometimes pieces of ice fall from the sky. Such “messengers of heaven” represent serious danger for people. For example, in January 1950, an ice spear 15 centimeters thick and 1.8 meters long fell from the sky in Düsseldorf. The spear pierced the carpenter who was on the roof of the house. Ten months passed and large chunks of ice fell on a farm near North Moreton in Devon, killing a sheep. At the end of March 1974, in Pinner (Middle Sex), a huge block of ice fell on passenger car, causing her serious damage.
On February 20, 1984, in Shcherbinka (Moscow region), an icy hollow ball weighing 7 kilograms fell from the sky. It went right through the roof of the house. The same thing happened in 1988 in the village of Cades (Spain). An ice ball fell from the sky, split, and broke one of its fragments thick trunk tree.
On June 14, 1990, an Englishwoman, the elderly Mary Nixon, reported that a ball of ice the size of a soccer ball had broken through the roof of her house. He miraculously did not kill the old woman herself. Three days later, a piece of ice crashed through the roof of a house in Stembridge Road. The ice broke, some fragments weighed about 5 kilograms. After 6 weeks in the south of France, in the town of Lac de Saint-Cas, a piece of ice the size of a tennis ball fell on a man’s head. The poor man partially lost his sight from the blow.
In February 1993, ITAR-TASS reported that a 4-kilogram ice floe broke a stove in the village of Petrish (Romania) when it fell. There are more than enough similar messages in the notes of paranormal researcher R. Willis. Science, meanwhile, offers very dubious hypotheses regarding the origin of such objects. Perhaps ice falls from the sky under the influence of a tornado. But why doesn't it melt? Maybe the ice fell from the plane? But such cases also occurred in ancient times, when there were no airplanes yet. It is known that during the time of Charlemagne (742-814), a huge ice floe fell from the sky. There is a point of view that falling ice is nothing more than meteorites. But this hypothesis is also questionable, because icy meteorites should melt in the earth’s atmosphere.
Official science drew attention to ice falling from the sky in 1996. That's when Dr. R. Griffiths is on the outskirts English city Manchester witnessed the fall of a piece of ice weighing about 2 kilograms. The scientist was a meteorologist, this phenomenon he was extremely interested. He took a piece of ice to study. In the laboratory of the Manchester Institute of Science and Technology, the “heavenly messenger” was carefully studied. And they came to the conclusion: it consists of fifty crystals, which are separated by thin ice bubbles. It doesn't look like a building at all regular ice. There was also a difference in the chemical analysis. So there was no way to say that this ice fell from an airplane.
Attempts to explain what is happening
The generally accepted cause of rain with various living creatures, according to modern minds, is tornadoes, or tornadoes. Their design is such that movement air masses is directed upward and lifts into the atmosphere many different objects encountered along the way, and then transports it over long distances. A tornado can gather birds in the forest, cattle- from local farms, and toads and frogs from swamps and shallow ponds. As the force of the tornado begins to subside, it gradually loses its prey, and it falls to the ground. But this theory does not explain how animals fall out strictly in one area, and not in several shapeless areas, as they should be scattered by the wind.
On the one hand, such explanations seem quite simple and convincing. But on the other hand, there are many additional questions. In particular, the authors of the book “Phenomena of Miracles” R. Rickard and J. Michell ask the question: “It is not clear why tornadoes are so selective: they capture, carry to certain distance and bring down only frogs and fish to the ground, while neglecting such components of their habitat as water, mud, silt, pebbles, algae, as well as other living creatures.”
Alien conspiracy theorists believe this could be explained by the cleaning of their laboratory animal containers. According to the famous astronomer Maurice Jessop, the narrow strip of passing precipitation corresponds to the width of the UFO hatch. Another trump card of the theory is the fact that a tornado cannot repeatedly throw out the same animals in the same place. The battles of theories continue without finding a clear answer - but unusual rains, contrary to logic, they continue to walk.
Rain. Snow. Sleet. These are some of the things that people are used to seeing falling from the sky. But after a meteorite fell in Russia last month, people are wondering whether there were other strange things that were officially reported to have fallen from the sky. What about spiders? Frogs? Or blood? Below are ten of the strangest of these unusual weather anomalies.
10. Rain of Spiders
Imagine this: you are calmly driving a car and suddenly, out of the blue, a rain of thousands of spiders falling from the sky falls on your car. That's exactly what happened to Erick Reis, a 20-year-old web designer from Santo Antonio da Platina, a town about 400 kilometers west of Sao Paulo.
Reis, who was returning from a friend's wedding where he was a videographer, found the strength to pull out his video camera and capture the torrential rain of spiders. He then uploaded the video to YouTube and it instantly became an internet sensation.
And while raining spiders sounds like something out of a Hitchcock movie, the phenomenon is actually not that rare.
According to biologist Marta Fischer Papsky Catholic University Paranas (Pontifical Catholic University of Parana), spiders of the species Anelosimus Eximius, about the size of a pencil eraser, typically hang in trees and can build webs up to 20 meters high, which they use to catch insects. However, if it blows strong wind, the web can come off and launch spiders into the air. If this happens, then the spiders caught by the wind really seem like rain falling from the sky. Most likely, it was precisely this phenomenon that Reis captured on that fateful day.
9. Rain of frogs
According to the Bible, frogs falling from the sky are a harbinger of a terrible curse. However, according to scientists, this phenomenon has a much more logical explanation. The culprit of this phenomenon is a waterspout, which is a type of tornado that forms over a body of water (exactly where frogs usually live).
When a waterspout reaches a body of water, the frogs are sucked into the funnel and become unwitting passengers of the tornado, which carries them away from their original habitat. When the tornado stops, the frogs fall down, giving the impression that frogs are raining from the sky.
8. Meat
March 3, 1876 in small town It rained meat in Olympia Springs, Kentucky.
To be more precise, pieces of beef ranging in size from five to ten centimeters rained down on Allen Crouch's backyard. However, after two volunteers tried the meat, it turned out that it was more like lamb or venison.
Upon further research by The Royal Microscopical Society of Great Britain, it was discovered that the meat was in fact either a horse lung or the lung of a human baby (apparently the structure of a horse's lung and a baby's lung are very similar).
The most likely theory about how it all happened was that a large flock of buzzards had probably just snacked on a couple of dead horses. And when one of them regurgitated meat (which, apparently, is not so uncommon in the behavior of buzzards), all the other buzzards followed his example.
7. Dairy-free cream
In the 1920s there was a song called "You're the Cream in My Coffee." And in 1969, in the city of Chester, South Carolina, all residents had enough cream for coffee because it fell from the sky.
In 1969, the Borden Company, which produced a product called Cremora, a powdered non-dairy creamer, was having problems with its exhaust ventilation. Every time the vents became clogged, clouds of non-dairy cream would spew into the air. When the clouds of cream mixed with the rain and dew, the result was a disgusting, sticky mess.
Fortunately for the city, Borden's company resolved the issue, but was still ultimately fined $4,000 for "distributing the Cremora product outside the plant boundaries."
6. Golf balls
On September 1, 1969, golfers in Punta Gorda, Florida, probably thought they had died and gone to heaven. Residents woke up that day to find hundreds of golf balls falling from the sky. Was this some kind of gift from golf heaven?
Not really. According to meteorologists, the city of Punta Gorda, which is located on the western bay of the Florida coast and which abounds a huge amount golf courses were likely affected by a passing tornado. This tornado, which captured golf balls and much of the rest of the pond's contents, dumped its contents onto the streets of an unsuspecting city.
5. Worms
On March 4, 2001, at Galashiels Academy in the UK, David Crichton's football class was on the field when, in the middle of a game, the students were bombarded by dozens of earthworms that appeared to be raining from the sky.
Some of the children, shocked by what they saw, laughed, while others ran for cover. Meanwhile, Crichton scooped up a handful of worms as evidence of the incident.
After the worm rain ended, Crichton asked his scientific colleagues to help determine the cause of the event, but none of them could find an explanation. One teacher suggested it was freaky weather phenomenon, but, as it turned out, that day the weather was sunny and clear. Crichton also noted that the students were far from any buildings, so it was impossible to assume that this was someone's cruel joke.
Although no clear explanation has been found for this case, weather was to blame for the rain of worms that struck a woman in Jennings, Louisiana in 2007.
Eleanor Beal was crossing the street on her way to work when she was suddenly pelted with several large balls of worms. Sudden rain, tornadoes and storms are not uncommon in Louisiana. And on this day, a waterspout was spotted several kilometers from the scene of the incident. It was this water tornado that brought the worms and dropped them on poor, unsuspecting Eleanor Beale.
4. Human body
The odds of this happening are about one in a billion, but that's exactly what happened to Mary Fuller in San Diego, California.
On September 25, 1978, Fuller was sitting in a parked car with her 8-month-old son when human body suddenly fell on her windshield. Where did this body come from? Fuller, of course, could not have known that Pacific Southwest Airline Flight 182 had collided moments earlier with a private Cessna jet, killing 144 people. The body that fell onto Fuller's windshield was one of the victims.
Fortunately, Fuller and her son suffered only minor abrasions. This accident is still considered one of the worst in California aviation history.
3. Cow
In 1997, a Japanese fishing trawler was rescued by a Russian in the Sea of Japan patrol boat. When the castaways were asked how their boat got into trouble, they replied, “A cow fell from the sky and drowned us.”
Naturally, the fishermen were not believed, so they were arrested and sent to jail. However, two weeks later, having overcome his shame, the employee air force Russia reported to Japanese authorities that one of his crew members actually stole a cow for meat and brought it on board his plane. However, cows are still cows, and they do not like flying or enclosed spaces. Therefore, in order to save the plane and themselves, the pilots threw the poor cow from the plane, flying from a height of 9144 meters over the Sea of Japan.
The Japanese fishermen were immediately released.
2. Money
At some point in life, each of us dreams of being showered with money. But only a few people were lucky enough to see this miracle with their own eyes.
In 1957, thousands of 1,000-franc notes fell from the sky in the small town of Bourges, France. In December 1975, hundreds of $1 bills totaling $588 fell from the sky over Chicago, Illinois.
On December 3, 1968, in front of a store in Ramsgate, England, 1-cent coins seemingly fell from the heavens. The cashier at the store claims that they were pouring out by the handful within a total of fifteen minutes. No one actually saw them fall, but everyone heard the sound they made as they clattered onto the pavement. What was even stranger was that the coins were dented, as if they had fallen from high altitude, however, there was no tall buildings and planes also did not fly over it.
On May 28, 1981, a girl from Reddish, England, claimed that she saw a 50 pence coin fall from the sky while she was walking through St. Elisabeth's churchyard. Later that day, several other children claimed the same thing happened to them while they were all gathered at a local candy store. When the store owner called the church and asked the reverend to see if the children had stolen coins from the offering basket, the reverend said all the money was there. When all the children were interviewed, they unanimously declared that money really fell from the sky.
1. Blood
In 2008, residents of the small town of La Sierra Choco, Colombia, said that blood had actually rained down on their small community. When a bacteriologist from another city tested samples of the substance, he confirmed that it was indeed blood. At this point, local priest Johnny Milton Cordoba did not miss the opportunity to declare that this was a sign from God that people should repent and take the right path.
“The sins of the fathers will fall on the heads of their children,” “Magnolia” itself gives the most accurate quote, indicating its core idea on which it is wound most stories from the film almanac. Only the line of police officer Jim stands alone here - the clumsiness of John C. Reilly obviously had to somehow balance out the entire tragic severity of the other parts and introduce the necessary dose of humor.
For the rest, if we discard the husks in the form of an endless series common words, with which it is usually customary to review this film, and highlight the root, then “Magnolia” appears as an attempt to study the topic of American fathers and sons at the turn of the century. And in each of the stories taking place in the San Fernando Valley, the vector of thought of scriptwriter and director Paul Thomas Anderson is directed in one direction: perverted fathers raise perverted children, adulterous fathers raise adulterous children, and so on and so forth. . Everything is true and everything is from life. Old Freud will not let you lie: a beautiful magnolia will not grow from bad grain, but a monster will grow, consisting of nothing but pain. Suppression of the child's will, and, if we take a generalization, the absence of real parental love, can break everything for him later life. Anderson's cinema is actually some kind of almanac of human pain: pain from missing love, pain from repentance for what you have done, pain from not being accepted by the world around you. All this is truthfully shown and told enough strong actors. There are, however, three problems.
The first problem is precisely that Anderson has not only one theme, but also an idea for almost all his stories. It becomes clear to you quite early, but the author continues to suck it up with different sides, almost without surprises for the viewer. Moreover, for the majority storylines he also has one move - the most direct one. “Magnolia” is not a movie of halftones and hints. While watching, the viewer will have to think the bare minimum; almost everything will be told and thought out for him in endless monologues and confessions, in very similar scenes of hysterics and accusations, where the author is not at all concerned about such a category as screen time.
Oh yes, here comes the second problem, the problem of form: although in different stories, but the same topic and the same idea that freak parents give birth to freak children is chewed on and put in our mouths for three hours! With all the shortcomings of the century of producer films, TV series and all sorts of frameworks, using the example of “Magnolia” you begin to understand that sometimes it’s still a good idea to stop an author intoxicated with freedom with the sober hand of a boss. One of the obvious negative signs of any film is when the viewer gets the feeling that it would only benefit from a shorter runtime. But Anderson seemed to want to present each of the characters in all the details originally conceived, even if many of these details are completely uninteresting. I wanted to put into everyone’s mouth exactly the number of words that were originally intended, and not a sound less! But here he forgets about the truth known to any student of the directing department - try to show more than tell. Cinema is the art of showing, don’t treat the viewer as an idiot, give him room for imagination. The problem isn't just that Anderson is too blunt. The problem is this: his desire to solve 95% of scenes through dialogues or monologues leads to the fact that after 1/3 of the picture, where it also picks up a fairly fast pace, you simply get tired of the endless “blah-blah-blah”. The only saving grace here is a certain slowdown in the overall tempo towards the second part. But in this second part, another negative sign arises for any movie. “Magnolia” becomes deliberately sentimental and deliberately moralizing. Anderson seems to feel that he has knocked too few tears out of the viewer and therefore, for example, in a video clip he lets all the characters sing to dreary music or to the endless “What have I done?!” character dying of cancer.
And the third problem is that even existing interesting ideas and “Magnolia” either does not reveal its ideas or does not fully reveal them. In the prologue, Anderson demonstrates what incredible coincidences lie in wait for us everywhere in life - in the parade of scenes there is even the most famous hoax of the suicide of Ronald Opus. It is precisely this story, invented by a clearly not ordinary mind, that is the most interesting thing in this film. Magnolia's tagline is "Ruthless Shape" incredible coincidences", but there are no incredible coincidences in the film itself. Yes, by the end the characters intersect with each other in some way, but there is no surprise or zest in this. Or, for example, a black boy reading an allegorical prophetic rap - an interesting idea, but abandoned mid-sentence. The rain they promised turns out to be a rain of frogs (here there is a clear allusion to the Egyptian plagues from the Pentateuch) - a disgusting spectacle, but still spectacular. Let's add him to the film's credit. As well as, of course, the “role with development” of Tom Cruise, who goes from a self-centered coach for seducing girls, splashing with self-confidence, to a son, broken by a childhood trauma, splashing out all his pain. But Julianne Moore played here, perhaps, her most boring, monotonous and disgusting role. And not only her.
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