A disastrous place in the forests where cranberries grow. Cranberry - medicinal properties and use in folk medicine, contraindications
Preface
Do you dream of enjoying cherry jam and juice, but can’t afford to buy cherries by the kilo? In this case, you need to learn how to choose seedlings and how to plant cherries in the fall.
Required tools and materials
RopeWhat should the seedlings be like?
Cherry is a crop with low level winter hardiness. That is why it is desirable for Russia to choose winter-hardy and resistant varieties. It is important to select seedlings correctly, paying attention to their appearance: inspect root system– it must be healthy and well developed, with at least two main roots.
If the seedlings have leaves, they should be removed so that the tree does not waste water and nutritional elements. Also, you should not take plants with greenish bark - most likely, such seedlings are simply overfed with nitrogen, which means they will not be able to boast of winter hardiness.
Seedlings can be grafted or rooted - each type has its own advantages and characteristics.
![](https://i2.wp.com/nasotke.ru/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/kak-kogda-sazhat-vishnju-osenju-video-2.jpg)
When is it better to plant cherry seedlings: autumn or spring?
Many people are interested in when to plant cherries in the Moscow region. Traditionally, spring is chosen to carry out this work. But there is just the opposite opinion that best time for disembarkation - after completion summer season. Don't know how to plant cherries in the fall? Today we will talk about this in more detail.
What is the difference between autumn planting and spring planting:
- The advantage of planting trees after winter is the ability to protect the plant from the cold, since the trees will gain strength and take root over the summer.
- Planting trees in the fall allows you to get excellent result in the form of a delicious harvest next season.
The most important thing here is to look at the weather forecast to assess the risks. It is best to carry out work at the end of October, trying to choose a time so that the trees are in a state of vegetative dormancy. In this case, frosts should occur approximately a month after planting so that the seedlings do not freeze. Knowing when you can plant cherry seedlings, get to work. It is important to take into account all the planting rules so that the work is successful and the seedling takes root.
Where is the best place and how to properly plant cherries in the fall?
Cherries do not tolerate transplantation well, and therefore you have to immediately choose the right site for planting. It is best to choose a windless hill where there is no stagnation of groundwater. Additionally, this tree grows best in medium loamy or sandy loam soil.
If such a need arises, before planting you can improve the structure of the soil by increasing its fertility by applying. If your site is characterized by acidic soils, they must be limed.
You don’t have to waste time and effort on continuous cultivation of the soil; it will be enough to add nutrients when planting seedlings in prepared holes.
The dimensions of the pits for planting should be such that the seedlings can fit freely there, with their roots completely straightened. Most often, a depth of 50 cm and a diameter of about 50-60 cm will suffice. When digging a hole for planting, set aside the top and bottom layers of soil in different sides so as not to confuse them.
How to plant cherries in the fall - instructions for beginners
If you have bought excellent seedlings and have already chosen a place to plant them, the most important thing left is to plant young trees. Their health and the quantity and quality of the future harvest depend on how well you carry out this work.
Instructions step by step:
- We dig holes suitable for the size of the seedlings.
- We install a landing peg near the hole.
- We pour some fertilizer and soil from the top layer into the trench, and on top - fertile soil in a layer of up to 8-10 cm.
- We place the seedling in the ground, making sure that the root collar of the plant is located at ground level. After this, carefully straighten the roots of the tree.
- We fill the seedling with the remaining soil from the bottom layer, compact it and make a small hole around it, into which 2-3 liters of water should be poured.
- The last step is to tie the seedling to the stake with a strong rope.
Experienced gardeners and beginners alike can enliven their garden with cherry trees. How is planting cherries in the fall different from the spring? What to do if you didn’t manage to plant the cherries at the appointed time, and what are the instructions for planting young trees in different regions Russia. We will answer these and other questions in this article.
Benefits of autumn planting
It is wrong to say unequivocally about what season it is better to plant this plant because great variety varieties. After all, it is the varietal affiliation that determines the period of planting seedlings. However, generalizing the varietal characteristics and natural conditions, yet autumn planting of cherries remains a priority. Why?
- Firstly, in the spring you will need to have time to plant within two weeks before the buds open, since the tree begins to vegetate immediately after the layer of snow melts (approximately mid-April).
- Secondly, a young, immature seedling may die if it cannot withstand return frosts.
- Thirdly, probably a more significant factor is that in the spring few people sell seedlings. Autumn period rich in variety of seating material.
Planting cherries in the fall is characterized by a more stable climate, well-moistened soil (drying out of young growth leads to death) and sufficient time for planting work.
Dates of autumn planting work in different regions
Important! “All terms for planting cherry trees come down to one principle - the minimum period before the soil freezes is 1 month.”
IN middle lane this period begins at the end of August and ends in October. The weather in the Moscow region is not very stable (November can be warm), so a tentative forecast will not hurt. Having found out First stage frosts, count down the month and reach the optimal planting date.
IN Leningrad region The following plant varieties are cultivated, suitable for the northwestern regions.
What varieties of cherries grow best in the Urals? Here is a small list: in Siberia, due to the harsh climate, it is worth paying attention to the following frost-resistant varieties.
The conclusion is this: In all areas, the time frame for planting is almost the same, the difference lies in the variety of the crop. If you plant cherries late in the fall, you can ruin young and fragile bushes. In this case, it is better to postpone this matter until spring.
To prevent the young animals from disappearing, we put them in one pile and place them at an angle in a pre-dug hole. Next, water it and dig in the soil in the form of a mound. Cover the top with spruce branches, sawdust or peat (whatever is at hand).
Wise selection of seedlings
From the right choice seedlings depends on their survival on your site, and in the future a sustainable harvest. The survival rate of planting material directly depends on the height of the stems. Best choice There will be a medium-sized bush of 70-80 cm for one year and 110-120 cm for two years. One and a half meter annual seedlings are not winter-hardy due to excessive fertilizing with nitrogen.
The roots of healthy bushes have a fibrous, well-developed shape. If the tips of the roots dry out, we prune them to the viable part for further growth in the ground. The trunks of the seedlings must have matured wood, and they themselves must be elastic without any damage. It would be a good idea to buy the shoot in a container with soil, which will preserve the quality of the roots during transportation. The existing difference between grafted and rooted seedlings appears when they begin to bear fruit. Grafted hybrids produce a harvest earlier, while self-rooted hybrids produce a harvest later. However, the frost resistance of self-rooted plants is much higher. Moreover, if the above-ground part of the grafted seedling is frozen, then the root will no longer produce new shoots. But a bush with its own roots always vegetates, and your The Cherry Orchard will not be lost.
In bush-like varieties have high survival rate, winter hardiness and resistance to fungal diseases. Here are some examples: Shokoladnitsa, Turgeneva, Kharitonovskaya, Vesnitsa, Student, Alpha.
For self-infertile species requires growth with 2–3 species of other cherry trees. Here are several self-fertile or semi-self-fertile tree varieties: Lyubskaya, Vstrecha, Nord Star, Shokoladnitsa.
Advice! “If you don’t have time to plant cherries immediately after purchasing, then you need to dig them in wet soil in a shaded place (greenhouse, greenhouse).”
Wise choice of seating
To plant young trees correctly, you need to know what this tree doesn’t like:
- close location of groundwater (less than 1.5 m);
- accumulation of melt and rain water;
- fog accumulation;
- ventilated strong wind places:
- wetlands;
- peat bogs with acidic soil.
But fertile loamy soils and fertilized chernozem zones are perfect for growing crops.
How to plant a crop correctly so that it develops and bears fruit well? As noted earlier, the plant will do well next to other varieties of cherry trees for pollination. The following crops should not be planted nearby:
- nightshades (tomatoes, peppers);
- eggplant;
- tobacco;
- apple trees;
- birch (powerful root system);
- linden;
- pine;
- raspberries
The next step is to prepare the planting hole, which is dug 1 month, at least 15–20 days, before planting in order to allow the soil to settle. The pit should be 60 cm high and 60 cm deep. We lay crushed limestone on the bottom for drainage.
After this, we fertilize the root layer as follows:
- 100 gr. potassium or wood ash;
- 1 kg of phosphorus flour or 300 gr. superphosphate;
- 2–3 buckets of humus.
Add 1 kg of lime or dolomite flour to acidic soil. Next, part of the excavated soil is again poured into the hole and mixed with components fertilizers, receiving nutritional mixture. If the planting soil contains a lot of clay, it is recommended to dilute it with sand.
The distance between cherries when planting depends on the shape of the tree. With a bushy form, it is 2–2.5 m between individual seedlings, and with a tree form, from 2.5 to 3 meters. Before planting, the root should be protected from diseases and harmful microorganisms. To do this, the root system is dipped in a clay mash (clay is diluted in water mixed with manure). This procedure for caring for the plant will increase its survival rate and, if necessary, transportation.
Step-by-step instructions for planting crops
![](https://i0.wp.com/vosaduly.ru/upload/000/u2/2/6/d5e7a8b7.jpg)
Advice! “Before the onset of winter, each seedling in your nursery should be hilled to a height of 30–35 cm for insulation, and the shoots should be covered with paws coniferous species. After the snow falls, you can throw it on the young seedlings.”
Proper care in spring
You already know how to plant cherries in the fall, but proper attention to plants also includes care in the spring. To ensure a guaranteed harvest, it is worth paying attention to fungal diseases (coccomycosis, etc.), which are characteristic of cherry varieties, and pests that appear with the onset of warm weather.
- We whiten the stems with slaked lime. We irrigate the damage with a solution of copper sulfate and cover it with paint;
- The first fertilizing with mineral and organic fertilizers is done during flowering, repeated 2-3 weeks later. For example: for 1 bucket of manure there is 1 kg of ash, everything is mixed in 10 liters of water;
- During bud opening, the branches are sprayed with azophos. After two weeks, repeat spraying with a solution of Bordeaux mixture.
“Autumn planting and spring care will definitely help the tree bear tasty and juicy fruits in the near future.”
Autumn planting of cherries gives good results if it is carried out in October, when the seedling is already dormant, and freezing of the soil is expected in twenty to thirty days. The main thing is that the first frosts do not come earlier than expected.
Preparatory work before autumn planting cherries
There is no consensus on the matter - traditionally the most successful time is considered early spring, however, some gardeners are confident that planting cherries in the fall is much more effective. Of course, if the seedlings were purchased later than October, it is worth digging them into the ground until spring. It doesn’t make sense to plant them in the garden right away, since the young trees simply won’t have time to get stronger before frost and will freeze.
The successful survival of cherries largely depends on the condition of the seedlings: before planting, they must be carefully inspected and shoots or damaged roots must be trimmed to a healthy place. And during transportation of the purchased seedling, care must be taken to ensure that the root system does not have time to dry out and that the roots retain their elasticity.
Video about planting cherries
It is better to choose for planting one-year-old cherry seedlings about 80 cm high or two-year-old cherry seedlings about 110 cm high with a well-formed root system and mature wood.
Since cherries do not like replanting, you should immediately choose a suitable place for it. It should be a windless slope or hill where groundwater does not come close to the surface and there is no stagnation of water. The soil is preferably medium loamy, light loamy or sandy loam, with a reaction close to neutral.
If necessary, before planting cherries, you need to improve the soil structure and increase its fertility by adding minerals and organic fertilizers depending on the type of soil. Acidic soils should be limed. You don’t have to carry out continuous cultivation of the soil in the garden - it’s enough to apply fertilizer directly to the planting holes dug for the cherries.
Preparatory work before planting cherries
The dimensions of the holes should be such that the seedling can be placed freely, with the root system fully expanded. Usually, a depth of about 45 cm and a hole diameter of up to 60 cm are sufficient. When digging a hole for planting cherries, the upper and lower layers of soil are laid in different directions.
Bush cherry varieties can be planted more densely, according to a 2.5x2 m pattern, and tree varieties - less frequently, according to a 3.5x3 m pattern. Don't forget to plant a number of pollinating varieties.
How to plant cherries in the fall - instructions
Before autumn planting, it is recommended to dip the cherry roots in a mash of a mixture of clay and manure, and then install them in the planting hole. It is important to correctly determine the depth of planting the cherry: the root collar of a young bush should be at soil level, and therefore it is necessary to take into account the settlement of dense soil by several centimeters. As a rule, subsidence does not occur on sandy soils.
Video about proper planting of cherries
The process of planting cherry seedlings is simple:
- place one peg in the center of the hole (for tall seedlings you will need two pegs with a crossbar) to use it to secure the young bush in the hole;
- At the bottom of the hole around the peg, pour such an amount of soil (from the top layer), mixed with fertilizers, so that the root neck of the tree is at the desired level;
- the seedling must be installed on the north side of the peg, straighten the root system and sprinkle it with the remaining fertile soil, carefully pressing down so that the soil adheres well to the roots;
- fill the hole with soil from the bottom layer and compact it thoroughly;
- at a distance of 30 cm from the peg with the seedling, an earthen roller is formed;
- two buckets of water are poured into the hole with the planted cherry;
- the soil is mulched with humus or sawdust so that a crust does not form on the surface;
- The cherry seedling is tied to a stake, taking into account the likelihood of the tree settling; the stake itself is cut down at the level of the lower branches.
Fill the hole with soil from the bottom layer and compact it thoroughly.
Planting cherries in the fall also includes hilling the seedlings with soil to a height of up to 35 cm to prevent the roots from freezing. As the snow begins to melt in the spring, the trees are unplanted.