Where is the protected area of ​​the Amur tigers located? The Amur tiger is the largest cat in Russia

Today Muslims around the world celebrate the most important holiday in Islam - Kurban Ait. We decided to talk about the history of its appearance, the essence and significance for believers, as well as the traditions and features of this celebration among various peoples.

Rituals of sacrifice in history and various religions

Sacrifice is one of the most ancient and widespread forms of religious cult. It appeared long before the formation of modern religions, during the Paleolithic period, when the first forms of animism arose. This ritual was associated with the desire of ancient people to appease the spirits of nature and the spirits of their ancestors. In more late period sacrifices became part religious beliefs peoples around the world. IN Ancient Egypt they were associated with the worship of a large pantheon of deities personified with certain animals. For example, in honor of the goddess of fertility and hearth Bastet, depicted with the head of a cat, kittens were sacrificed. In honor of the sun god Horus, falcons were mummified, and corresponding reptiles were sacrificed to the crocodile god Sebek.

In Greece and Rome, sacrifices were a means to achieve the favor and favor of the gods. Ancient culture distinguished between blood and bloodless sacrifices. The burning of incense was accepted as a bloodless sacrifice, as well as libations of liquid (most often wine) on the altar. Bloody sacrifices were made according to special occasion or on certain holidays. The choice of animal for sacrifice was determined by the preferences of a particular deity. Mostly a pig was sacrificed to Demeter, and a goat to Dionysus, since a pig harms fields, and a goat harms grapes. There is a well-known tradition of mass and solemn sacrifices - hecatombs. This was the name given to the simultaneous slaughter of one hundred bulls. It was performed during periods of wars and epidemics. According to the Greeks, sacrificed animals had to meet certain requirements, be healthy and well-fed, and not be used on the farm.

Sacrificial rituals were also widespread among the peoples of Mesoamerica. For example, among the Mayans they were part of annual holidays and rituals.

At a certain period, the practice of human sacrifice became widespread among various nations. In Phenicia and Carthage, children were sacrificed to the gods. On early stage Greek history human sacrifices were performed during mystical festivals such as the Mysteries of Dionysus, as well as during periods of disaster to satisfy the wrath of the gods. In Rome, criminals and slaves were most often sacrificed. This tradition was abolished in 97 BC. e. Of all civilizations, they became especially famous human casualties Aztecs. According to them, human blood was a necessary condition to support the life of the gods. Sacrifices were made in significant days and holidays, as well as on the eve important events. According to some data, throughout their history the Aztecs sacrificed about 136 thousand people.

IN monotheistic religions the ritual of sacrifice acquired a more symbolic meaning compared to pagan beliefs. For a long time sacrifices were the basis of Jewish priesthood. Among the Jews, sacrificing an animal became a means of atonement for sins and cleansing from them. In Christianity, sacrifice acquired an even more conventional form and was transformed into the Eucharist - the sacrament of partaking of the blood and body of Christ.

The history of the emergence of the Kurban Ait holiday

The Muslim holiday Eid al-Adha, known in our country as Kurban Ait, became part of the religion in the second year of the Hijri (Muslim calendar), that is, in 624. According to legend, it was established by the Prophet Muhammad himself in memory of an event associated with his predecessor, the Prophet Ibrahim. Doctor talks about the history of the holiday and its traditions historical sciences, Head of the Department of the Near and Middle East, Institute of Oriental Studies named after R. B. Suleimenov, Zaur Gafurovich Jalilov:

— The origin of the holiday is associated with the life and deeds of the prophet Ibrahim, known in the biblical tradition as Abraham. According to Muslims, Ibrahim was a hanif, that is, a person professing monotheism. He tried to prove to his people the inconsistency of paganism, saying that the sun, stars and moon change every day, which means they cannot be deities. According to legend, when his father Azar and other tribesmen left the city, he snuck into the sanctuary and destroyed the idols, leaving the main one and accusing him of what he had done. The people did not believe Ibrahim, and he tried to use this as evidence that belief in idols was false. He was expelled from the community. Later, Ibrahim and his son rebuilt the Kaaba, the main Muslim shrine in Mecca, and became its guardians.

According to the Koran, the origins of the Eid al-Adha holiday go back to a test sent by Allah to Ibrahim. The Prophet did not have children until he was 86 years old, until his first son, Ismail, was born. Once in a dream, Ibrahim saw that the Almighty was asking him to sacrifice only son. Not daring to resist the will of Allah, he came to the Mina valley, where the city of Mecca was later built. Here he made all the necessary preparations. Ishmael did not resist his father, also being obedient to the will of his God. At the last moment, when the prophet was ready to make a sacrifice, Allah condescended to him, saying that he had passed the test, proving his humility and devotion. The victim was replaced with a ram. This is how the tradition of making sacrifices arose in Islam.

The tradition of celebrating Kurban Ait and animal sacrifice has spread throughout the territory Central Asia along with Islam. This happened in X-XIII centuries. The ritual fit well into the pre-existing customs of nomadic cattle breeders.

First reliable descriptions celebrations of Kurban Ait by the Kazakhs are found in Russian sources of the 19th century.

The essence of the holiday

Muslim theologians interpret the essence of the Eid al-Adha holiday (Kurban Ait) differently, but everyone agrees that the main thing in it is not the process of sacrifice itself, but submission and fulfillment of the will of Allah. The Koran says:

“Neither their meat nor their blood reaches Allah, but your piety reaches Him. So He subordinated them to you, so that you exalt Allah for leading you to the straight path, and you give joy to those who do good!”

— The essence of the holiday is getting closer to God, turning to him. The very word “kurban” in the Muslim tradition means approaching. In the tradition of peoples Central Asia, in addition to religious, great attention is given to the humanistic aspect of this celebration. According to tradition, on the days of Kurban Ait, a believer must show love and mercy to his neighbors and help those in need. One third of the meat of the sacrificial animal is given to the poor as alms, says Zaur Gafurovich.

Among other things, Eid al-Adha is inextricably linked with the Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca. The day before the holiday, believers performing the Hajj climb Mount Arafat. On the day of the sacrifice, they circle the Kaaba seven times and perform a symbolic stoning of the shaitan.

Rituals and traditions of celebrating Kurban Ait

The holiday is celebrated 70 days after the end of Lent - Eid al-Fitr, on the 10th day of the month of Dhul-Hijjah. The core of the Kurban Ait celebration is the ritual of sacrifice and festive prayer. The canons of these traditions remain unchanged among Muslims in all countries of the world.

The day before the holiday, believers are recommended to fast (with the exception of those making a pilgrimage to Mecca). After sunset the day before Eid al-Adha, Muslims recite the takbir loudly, praising Allah. The celebration of Kurban Ait begins with early morning. Before prayer, the believer performs ablution, trims his hair and nails, and puts on clean clothes. It is also recommended to scent yourself with incense.

In mosques, Eid prayer, or holiday prayer, is performed on this day. The prayer is performed collectively in two rak'ahs (the order of words and actions during prayer). At the beginning of the Eid prayer, they say “Allahu Akbar” while simultaneously mentally pronouncing the intention (niyyat): “I intend to perform a two-rakah sunnah prayer on the occasion of Eid al-Adha, in the name of Allah.”

After prayer, believers, gathering in groups, walk around the streets, saying takbir and praising Allah. Then they go again to the mosque or to a special site, where the mullah reads a festive sermon explaining the essence of the hajj and sacrifice. The Muslim can then offer the sacrifice.

According to the canons of Islam, the sacrifice can be a sheep and a goat (not younger than one year), a cow (not younger than two years) and a camel over five years of age. It is prohibited to sacrifice a one-eyed, lame, frail or sick animal, as well as animals with cut horns, tails or ears.

Before the sacrifice, a Muslim must sharpen a knife (this cannot be done with a sacrificial animal), and also take his victim away from the herd.

Before the ceremony, the believer speaks about his intention to make a sacrifice. Then the takbir is pronounced. Immediately before slaughtering, the phrase “Bismillahi, Allahu Akbar” is pronounced.

During the sacrifice, the animal's legs are tied. He is placed with his head towards Mecca. They kill the victim by cutting the throat and main arteries, thus releasing blood. After the victim has given up the ghost, he is cut into three parts. One part of the animal remains for the owner, the other is distributed to poor relatives and neighbors, and the third is given as alms.

Tiger (lat. Panthera tigris ) - a predator of the class mammals, such as chordates, the order Carnivora, the cat family, the panther genus, the subfamily big cats. It got its name from the ancient Persian word tigri, which means “sharp, fast,” and from the ancient Greek word “arrow.”

The tiger is the largest and heaviest member of the cat family. Some male tigers reach a length of 3 meters and weigh over 300 kg. Tigers are listed in the Red Book, and hunting these animals is prohibited.

Tiger: description and photographs

Tigers are distinguished by a flexible, muscular body and a round head with a convex forehead, expressive eyes and small but sensitive ears. Tigers see perfectly in the dark, and according to scientists, they can distinguish colors. Bengal and Amur tigers are the largest of their species. The size of these tigers can reach 2.5-2.9 meters in length (excluding the tail), and the weight of tigers of this species reaches 275-320 kg. The height of a tiger at the withers is 1.15 m. Average weight an adult male is 180-250 kg.

According to official data, the record recorded weight of the big tiger(Bengali) was 388.7 kg.

However, females usually fewer males to size.

Elastic tiger whiskers white grow in 4-5 rows, framing the tiger's face. With sharp fangs up to 8 cm long, the tiger easily deals with its prey.

Special keratinized protrusions on the side of the movable tongue help to cut the carcass of a killed animal, and also serve as an auxiliary means of hygiene. Adult mammals have 30 teeth.

There are 5 toes on the front paws of a tiger, hind legs There are only 4 of them, each finger has retractable claws.

Tiger ears are small and have rounded shape. The animal's pupil is round, the iris is yellow.

Southern species of tigers have short and dense hair, while their northern counterparts are fluffier.

The color of animals is dominated by the color of rust with red or brown tint, the chest and belly are much lighter, and sometimes even white.

The tiger owes its exceptional beauty to the dark brown or completely black stripes located throughout the body. The tiger's stripes have characteristic pointed ends, sometimes bifurcating, then joining again. Typically an animal has more than 100 stripes.

The long tail, covered with rings of stripes, is always black at the end. The tiger's stripes are uniquely positioned, like a human fingerprint, and serve as excellent camouflage for the animal.

The track of a male tiger is longer and more elongated than that of a female. The length of the male tiger's track is 15-16 cm, the width is 13-14 cm. The length of the female tiger's track reaches 14-15 cm, and the width is 11-13 cm.

The roar of a tiger can be heard at a distance of almost 3 kilometers.

Despite their considerable weight, tigers can reach speeds of up to 60 km/h regardless of the surrounding landscape.

The lifespan of an animal in captivity is approximately 15 years.

Who is stronger - a lion or a tiger?

This question worries and interests many. Unfortunately, there are very few recorded facts about battles between a lion and a tiger, so there is no reason to talk about the superiority of one representative of the animal world over another. It is only possible to compare a tiger and a lion according to their external parameters and lifestyle.

• So, as for the weight category, although a little, about 50-70 kg, the tiger is still heavier than the lion.
• In terms of jaw compression force when biting, both animals are in the same positions.
• The principle of killing the chosen victim is also identical - both the tiger and the tiger bite into the neck of their prey, piercing it with powerful fangs.
• But in terms of lifestyle, these two predators are radically different. The tiger is a born solitary hunter who prefers to get food in his own “lands”, that is, in the marked territory. Feuds between relatives are almost impossible, since tigers rarely intersect with each other during the hunt. Lions live in pride clans, so males often fight not only for the right to hunt, but also for the “lady of their heart” during mating games. Often such fights end in serious wounds and even the death of one of the lions.
• It is impossible to say with certainty who is more resilient - a lion or his striped brother from the cat family. Both animals run quite quickly, covering considerable distances, but such a criterion as endurance can be justified by the age of these predators, living conditions, or their state of health.

There are facts when trained lions fought with the same circus tigers. Mostly the lion emerged victorious from the battle, but again, this conclusion subjective, no one kept statistics, so you shouldn’t use such information as a 100% statement of superiority.

Both animals, the lion and the tiger, are very strong, powerful and perfectly adapted to natural environment its habitat.

Subspecies of tigers, names, descriptions and photos

The classification identifies 9 subspecies of the tiger, 3 of which, unfortunately, have already disappeared from the face of the earth. Today in nature live:

• Amur (Ussuri) tiger (lat. Panthera tigris altaica)

The largest and smallest representative of the species, distinguished by thick fur and a relatively small number of stripes. The color of the Amur tiger is orange with a white belly, the fur is thick. The body length of males reaches 2.7 – 3.8 meters. The weight of a male Amur tiger is 180-220 kg. The height of the Amur tiger at the withers is 90-106 cm.

Population Ussuri tigers, numbering approximately 500 individuals, inhabits the Amur region of Russia. A number of individuals are found in North Korea and in northeast China. Amur tiger listed in the Red Book of Russia.

• Bengal tiger (lat. Panthera tigris tigris, Panthera tigris bengalensis)

Characterized by the largest numbers, representatives have a bright coat color from yellow to light orange. In nature, there are also white Bengal tigers that have no stripes at all, but they are rather a mutated species. The length of the Bengal tiger reaches 270-310 cm, females are smaller and reach a length of 240-290 cm. The tiger's tail is 85-110 cm long. The height at the withers is 90-110 cm. The weight of the Bengal tiger is from 220 to 320 kg as a maximum.

According to various sources, the population of this tiger species includes from 2.5 to 5 thousand individuals, most of who live in Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and South Asia.

Albino white tiger

• Indochinese tiger (lat. Panthera tigris corbetti)

It is distinguished by a dull red color and numbers a little more than a thousand individuals. The stripes of this species are narrower and shorter. This type of tiger is smaller in size than others. The length of the male is 2.55-2.85 cm, the length of the female is 2.30-2.55 cm. The weight of a male Indochinese tiger reaches 150-195 kg, the weight of a female tiger is 100-130 kg.

The area where Indochinese tigers live is Malaysia, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Burma, Thailand, Southeast Asia, South China.

• Malayan tiger(lat. Panthera tigris jacksoni)

The third largest subspecies in the number of individuals, living in the Malaysian, southern, region of the Malay Peninsula.

This is the most little tiger among all types. The length of a male Malayan tiger is 237 cm, the length of females is up to 200 cm. The weight of a male Malayan tiger is 120 kg, the weight of females does not exceed 100 kg. In total, there are about 600-800 tigers of this species in nature.

• Sumatran tiger (lat. Panthera tigris sumatrae)

It is also considered the smallest representative of the species. The length of a male tiger is 220-25 cm, the length of females is 215-230 cm. The weight of male tigers is 100-140 kg, the weight of females is 75-110 kg.

About 500 representatives are found in nature reserves on the island of Sumatra in Indonesia.

• South China tiger (Chinese tiger) (lat. Panthera tigris amoyensis)

A small subspecies, no more than 20 of these tigers live in captivity in the south and center of China.

The body length of males and females is 2.2-2.6 meters, the weight of males does not exceed 177 kg, the weight of females reaches 100-118 kg.

Extinct species are Bali tiger, Caspian tiger And Javan tiger.

In addition to white tigers, species with a yellow color are sometimes born; such animals are called golden tigers. The fur of such tigers is lighter and the stripes are brown.

Tiger hybrids

Hybrids born from crossing large tabby cat and other representatives of the panther genus, began to appear in captivity already in the 19th century.

• Liger

Hybrid of a lion and a female tiger, has huge size and in mature age reaches three meters in length.

• Tigrolev (tigon)

A hybrid of a tiger and a lioness, always smaller than its parents and endowed with the characteristics of both: paternal stripes and maternal spots. Males have a mane, but it is smaller than that of a liger.

Tigers and ligers are born exclusively in zoos. In the wild, tigers and lions do not interbreed.

Ussuri tigers live in Amur region in Russia, Khabarovsk and Primorsky territories, about 10% of the population is found in North Korea and northeast China. Bengal tigers live in Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and South Asia. The area where Indochinese tigers live is Malaysia, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Burma, Thailand, Southeast Asia, and Southern China. The Malayan tiger lives in the southern part of the Malay Peninsula. Sumatran tigers are found in nature reserves on the island of Sumatra in Indonesia. Chinese tigers live in south-central China.

For their habitats these striped predators favored by the most different zones: rain forests tropics, shady jungles, semi-desert regions and savannas, bamboo thickets and steep rocky hills. The tiger is so able to adapt to conditions that it feels great in both hot climates and harsh climates. northern taiga. Steep cliffs with numerous niches or secret caves, secluded reed or reed thickets near water bodies are the most favorite territories where the tiger makes his lair, hunts and raises restless and nimble offspring.

Tiger's lifestyle and habits

Possessing quite massive dimensions and enormous power, tigers feel like absolute masters of the territory in which they live. Leaving his marks with urine everywhere, stripping the bark from trees along the perimeter of his property and loosening the soil with his claws, the male tiger clearly marks his “land”, not allowing other males there.

At the same time, tigers from the same “family” are quite friendly to each other and sometimes behave very funny during communication: they touch their muzzles, rub their striped sides, “snorting” noisily and energetically, while exhaling air through their mouths or nose.

In nature, tigers are most often solitary animals, but in zoos with these cats everything looks a little different. After the birth of a pair of offspring, the tiger-father takes care of the babies no less reverently than the tigress-mother: he spends leisure time with them during games, licks them and gently trembles in the form of punishment for the scruff of the neck. Watching the tiger family is really interesting.

IN natural environment tigers do not limit themselves to the time of day during the hunt - when they are hungry and prey has turned up, then the fatal throw for the victim will be made. By the way, the tiger is an excellent swimmer and will never refuse to eat fish,

Taxon: Animals

Status in the red book: 3 - rare

General distribution

AMUR TIGER

Panthera tigris (subspecies altaica)

Spreading: On South Far East Russia is going north. border of the tiger's range. In the Sikhote-Alin mountains, the only one in the world is currently preserved viable population Amur tigers. IN late XIX V. the area of ​​permanent habitation extended to the left bank of the Amur. North the border of the range ran from the west. foothills of the Lesser Khingan to the mouth of the river. Gorin, crossing the river. Urmi and Kur in their middle reaches. Further, descending to the south and going around the axial part of the northern, partly middle Sikhote-Alin, the border went out to the sea several south. R. Samarga - approximately at 46°30" north latitude. Subsequently, the tiger's range began to shrink significantly, mainly in the north, and by 1940 its border shifted to the basin of the Bolshaya Ussurka (Iman) river. During these same years the agricultural lands of the Khanka lowland and the surrounding area fell out of the range major cities. Since the mid-50s. as a result measures taken protection, the tiger's habitat began to expand noticeably. Currently, the range consists of three relatively isolated and unequally important areas: the large Sikhote-Alin, located in the west. and east macroslopes of the Sikhote-Alin south of the river. Gur (Hungari) and r. Koppi, respectively (95% of tigers are concentrated in it), and two small ones - southwest, located in the south of the Khasansky district of the Primorsky Territory and stretching from the Shufan (Borisov) plateau along the spurs of the ridge. Black Mountains to Bass. R. Close (Cherukhe), and west, located in the basin. upstream R. Komissarovka (Sintuha). IN latest tigers reappeared relatively recently - in the late 80s, having been absent here since the early 70s. . At present, tigers are practically not found on the left bank of the Amur, with the exception of rare visits of individual individuals below the mouth of the Ussuri. A small group of tigers that lived in the Bass. R. Bidzhan (the southeastern part of the Bureya Range) ceased to exist until the early 70s.

Habitat:Siberian pine-broadleaf and broadleaf forests- the best tiger habitats. In most of their range today they have been subject to repeated logging and are cut by roads with varying traffic volumes. The basis of nutrition is wild boar and wapiti, in the southwest. districts of Primorye and the south. Sikhote-Aline - sika deer. Quantitative ratio of tiger victims for various parts the range is not the same. To the west macroslope avg. In the Sikhote-Alin region, wild boar and wapiti account for about 60% and 30%, respectively, in the east. (Sikhote-Alin Nature Reserve) these indicators are more than 3 times lower for wild boar and almost 2.5 times higher for wapiti. To the east macroslope south Sikhote-Alin (Lazovsky Reserve) the share of wild boar and wapiti is equal - about 30%, sika deer among tiger prey is 18.2%. Shelters are rock ledges and niches, voids under fallen trees. The area of ​​tiger habitat: males - 600-800 km2, females - up to 300-500 km2. The tigers' movement routes around the site are relatively constant and are maintained by the animals from year to year. Animals willingly use trails and logging roads. The habitat of an adult male may contain individual territories of several females; sex ratio 1:2 or 1:4. Polygamy is typical for the Amur tiger. The breeding season often occurs in the second half of winter. Pregnancy is 95-107 days, average 103 days. There are usually 1-4 tiger cubs in a litter, usually 2-3. average value brood according to some sources is 2.37, according to others 1.5. Most females first bear offspring at 3-4 years of age. Tiger cubs are separated from their mother in the second year of life. Accordingly, a tiger’s litters can appear at intervals of 2 years, and in the event of the death of tiger cubs, more often. The mortality rate of young people is high - about 50%. Cases of tigers dying from bears and cases of cannibalism are rare; they do not significantly affect the well-being of the subspecies.

Number:In the last century the tiger was normal look in the south of the Russian Far East. On turn of XIX-XX centuries 120-150 tigers were killed here annually. Intensive extermination of these predators, accompanied by a reduction in their habitats under the influence of human economic activity, led to the fact that at the beginning of this century the number of tigers began to fall sharply. By the end of the 30s. The Amur tiger was on the verge of extinction - only 20-30 individuals remained. The situation began to change for the better only after conservation measures were taken - a ban on hunting tigers (1947) and capturing tiger cubs (1956-1960) with its subsequent restrictions. At the turn of the 50-60s. The number of tigers was estimated at 90-100 individuals. The most noticeable recovery in numbers occurred in 1960-1970. At the beginning of the 70s. There were 150 tigers in the region, and by the middle of this decade their number had increased to 160-170 individuals. A further increase in numbers occurred mainly due to the districts located in the middle Sikhote-Alin, with their most favorable conditions for tigers. environmental situation. In 1980, the number was determined to be 180-200, and for the mid-80s. in 240-250 individuals. Max. The population density of these animals, according to the results of the latest censuses, was noted in the west. macroslope of the middle Sikhote-Alin (up to 5 individuals per 1000 km2), in the least affected areas economic activity person. Approximately the same high density was noted in the Sikhote-Alin and Lazovsky nature reserves and in the adjacent territories. Today, tigers inhabit the northern part of the world with their maximum numbers. Primorye, with the most difficult living conditions characteristic of the north. the limit of the species' range, but with relatively preserved habitats. Until 1990 inclusive, the number in the densely populated south remained high. districts of the Primorsky Territory (1-2 individuals/1000 km2) in the region of Lazovsky, Ussuriysk reserves and on the Borisov plateau. This was facilitated by the high number of sika deer characteristic of these places. Winter 1995/96 The most detailed census of tigers was carried out throughout the entire territory inhabited by them in the Primorsky and Khabarovsk Territories. Based on its results total number tiger population is estimated at 415-476 individuals, including 330-371 adults. IN last years The main limiting factor in the number of tigers is poaching. Only in the Primorsky Territory for two winter season 1991/92 and 1992/93 More than 70 tigers were killed by poachers. The reason for this situation is the smuggling of skins, bones and other parts of tiger carcasses to the Republic of Korea, China, Japan, Thailand and Taiwan. To others, no less important factor is a reduction in the number of wild ungulates, especially wild boar.

Amur tiger- most rare representative peace. Even in the mid-19th century, their population was large, but by the end of this century, approximately 100 individuals were killed every year.

It was thanks to this that already around the 30s of the 20th century the Amur was on the brink complete disappearance from planet Earth. At that time, there were less than 50 left on the territory of the USSR.

There are several main reasons for this phenomenon:

• Destruction of forests and bushes where the Amur people lived;
• Reducing the number of main food items;
• Direct extermination of individuals by poachers.

One of the largest predators on the planet - Amur tiger. Red Book already for for long years protects individuals of this species. However, in April 2007, according to experts World Fund wildlife, the Amur population has reached the same number as a hundred years ago. In this regard, on this moment The tiger is not on the verge of extinction.

In 2008 - 2009 there was complex expedition within the framework of the Amur program, as a result of which it was determined that in the territory Ussuri Nature Reserve managed to count 6 representatives of this species. It also turned out that animal Amur tiger uses for its residence an area that is more than twice as large more area the entire reserve.

The Amur tiger has a beautiful skin color characteristic of a predator: against a red background there are transverse dark stripes on the back and sides. There is an opinion that it is impossible to meet at least two individuals with the same pattern, because they are all unique. This color, although bright, serves a camouflage function.

Due to its size, the tiger does not have stamina. To catch prey, he has to sneak up to it as close as possible, which is helped by the color, which merges with the dry one.

Look photo of Amur tiger, and you will see for yourself. On average, these tigers live about 15 years. Although the maximum lifespan is half a century, tigers, as a rule, die before their old age.

Predators only feed animal food, most often precisely prey large sizes. They devote a significant part of their time to hunting, but only a tenth of attempts to capture prey are successful.

The animals live in the southeast, on the banks of the Amur and Ussuri, in Manchuria, and the north of the DPRK. It can be found in the Primorsky Territory and in the east Khabarovsk Territory. Their range from the north is approximately a thousand kilometers, and from west to east – approximately 700 km. Tigers are especially common in the Lazovsky district of Primorsky Krai.

Amur tigers choose river rivers as places of residence. mountain valleys with a predominance of tree species such as oak and cedar. Any adult individual lives independently on a personal territory, which can be up to 450 square kilometers for females and up to 2 thousand square kilometers for males.