Functions of technical committees for standardization. Technical committees for standardization
Technical committees for standardization (TC) are created on the basis of organizations specializing in certain types products (services) and having the highest scientific and technical potential in this area. In 2004, 351 technical committees were registered.
Any standard is a product of the agreed opinion of all parties (users) interested in this document. The task of the Technical Committee is to provide a “round table” for participants in the development of the draft standard. Therefore, these Technical Committees include representatives of developers, manufacturers, suppliers, consumers (customers) of products, consumer societies (unions) and other interested enterprises and organizations, as well as leading scientists and specialists in a particular field. Technical committees are responsible for the quality and timing of the draft standards they develop in accordance with current legislation and concluded agreements for carrying out this work.
As an example, I will indicate the structure and composition of some Technical Committees.
The Technical Committee 389 “Property Valuation” has subcommittees (PC): PC 1 “ General principles and terminology"; PC 2 “Evaluation is not movable property"; PC 3 “Valuation of movable property”; PC 4 “Assessment of an operating enterprise”; PC 5 “Evaluation of intangible benefits.”
As a member of Technical Committee 347 “Trade and Trade Services” Catering» two sub-committees: PC 1 “Trade services”, PC 2 “Catering services”. PC 1, for example, includes representatives of: Ministry of Economic Development and Trade Russian Federation, Rostekhregulirovaniya; Centrosoyuz; Department of Consumer Market and Services of the Moscow Government; research organizations, universities, trade organizations.
To organize and coordinate standardization work in industries National economy if necessary, create standardization units (services) of ministries (and other bodies) government controlled) and parent organizations for standardization from among organizations with high scientific and technical potential in the relevant fields of science and technology. Enterprise managers are directly responsible for the organization and condition of standardization work performed at these enterprises. Enterprises create, if necessary, standardization services (department, laboratory, bureau), which carry out research, development and other work on standardization.
In the future, the functions of the national standardization body are expected to take into account foreign experience transfer to a non-governmental organization - a “non-profit partnership”.
In industrial developed countries- members of the European Union (EU), primarily Great Britain, Germany, France, operate such national
standards bodies such as the British Standards Institute - BSI; German Standards Institute - DIN; French Association for Standardization - AFNOR.
All named foreign organizations are non-profit in nature. Their membership is not limited: they include representatives government organizations and firms, developers and consumers regulatory documents. For example, BSI has brought together over 15 thousand specialists, AFNOR - more than 3 thousand, DIN - about 2 thousand.
The participation of the state in the activities of these organizations is regulated by relevant documents (memorandum, agreement). For example, the memorandum of understanding between the UK government and the British Standards Institution indicates the need to establish strict public policy in “certain areas of standardization,” because private business, defending its “vital” interests, forms cartels and dictates its own policies to the country to the detriment of national interests.
One of the components of such agreements is the following obligations of the governments of countries: to use voluntary standards when forming government orders for the supply of products; make references to national standards in different government programs(compulsory lending programs, compulsory insurance, etc.)
The budget of most national standardization bodies consists of government subsidies (for example, in France - more than 20% of the required volume, in Germany - 15%); various items of income - membership fees, implementation of standards, organization of paid training, consultations (in the field of standardization, accreditation, conformity assessment).
In 13% of ISO member countries, national standardization organizations are completely self-financing.
At the intergovernmental level, the Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification was created (now Eurasian Council on standardization, metrology and certification - EASC). Its main functions are: production priority areas activities in the field of standardization; presentation of projects interstate standards for approval and adoption of standards. The decisions taken by the Council are binding on the states whose representatives are included in the Council.
Members of the EASC are the heads of national bodies for standardization, metrology and certification of the states party to the Agreement of all 12 states of the Commonwealth. The management of work on standardization, metrology and certification in the states parties to the Agreement is carried out by the relevant bodies: for example, in the Republic of Armenia - Armgosstandart; in Ukraine - Gosstandart of Ukraine; in the Republic of Moldova - State Department Moldovastandart; in Turkmenistan - Turkmen State Inspectorate, etc.
The main working body of the EASC is the Bureau of Standards, Metrology and Certification, headquartered in Minsk. According to established tradition, meetings are held alternately in the states parties to the Agreement. As a result of the activities of the EASC, the funds of normative documentation and reference base that existed in the USSR were preserved (about 25 thousand state, 35 classifiers of technical and economic information, 140 metrological standards of units of physical quantities).
To date, the process of mutual recognition of national certification systems of the CIS countries has been fully completed. The working bodies of the EASC are interstate technical committees for standardization (ITC), which are created to develop interstate standards and carry out other specific work in the field of interstate standardization.
The activities of over 200 MTCs in the development of GOSTs are carried out in accordance with annual plans. Interstate standards and amendments to them are adopted by decision of the EASC, whose meetings are held twice a year. General provisions According to the rules for carrying out work in the field of interstate standardization, they are established in the fundamental standard - GOST 1.0-92. The standard is considered adopted if at least two states vote for its adoption.
As a draft GOST, the national standardization body of any state may propose the current national (state) standard of the state party to the Agreement. Thus, a significant share of adopted GOSTs in Lately constitute Russian state standards - GOST R (about 70%).
Interstate standards (GOST), which Russia has acceded to, are applied on its territory without re-registration and are put into effect by a decree of the Rostekhregulirovanie agency. Giving credit where credit is due great job, conducted by the Council within the CIS, the International Organization for Standardization - ISO at one time recognized the IGU (new name - EASC) as an international regional organization for standardization.
International organization for ISO standardization(ISO) has been in operation since 1947. ISO is not an acronym. Official name organizations - International Organization for Standardisation.
ISO's scope of activity covers standardization in all fields, with the exception of electronics and electrical engineering, which fall under the purview of the IEC. As of July 1, 2009, over 150 countries participated in ISO. The USSR was one of the founders of the organization. ISO funds are made up of contributions from member countries, sales of standards and other publications, and donations.
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Rice. 2.7.1.
Since in different languages The abbreviation of this International Organization for Standardization could be different; it was decided by representatives of the countries that initiated the creation of ISO to use a derivative from the Greek isos - “equal”.
In the period between sessions of the General Assembly, the work of the organization is governed by the Council, which includes representatives of national standardization organizations. An executive bureau has been created under the Council, which manages ISO technical committees.
Draft international standards are developed directly by working groups operating within technical committees. ISO has 188 technical committees. Technical committees (TC) are divided into general technical committees and committees working in specific areas of technology. General technical Technical committees solve general technical and intersectoral problems. These, for example, include TC 12 “Units of Measurement”, TC 19 “Preferred Numbers”, TC 37 “Terminology”. The remaining Technical Committees operate in specific areas of technology (TC 22 “Automobiles”, TC 39 “Machine tools”, etc.). TCs, whose activities cover an entire industry (chemistry, aviation and space technology, etc.), organize subcommittees (SC) and working groups (WG).
Depending on the level of interest, each ISO member determines the status of its participation in the work of each Technical Committee. Membership may
be active and as observers. A draft International Standard (IS) is considered adopted if it is approved by a majority (75%) of the active members of the Technical Committee.
By the beginning of 2009, approximately 14.5 thousand ISO international standards were in force. 75% of ISO International Standards are fundamental standards and test method standards.
35. Steering committee of the certification system.
General management of the System is entrusted to the Steering Committee for Certification, reporting to To the IEC Council; it consists of delegations from participating countries. Any IEC member country can participate in the System if a number of conditions are met: the presence of a national organization for standardization and certification; agreement to comply with all rules of the System and publication of the relevant national documents; recognition of certificates and test reports of electronic products manufactured in other participating countries, if they comply with the requirements of the System; performance financial obligations member of the System.
There are two types of country participation in the IEC System:
Participation in the Certification Steering Committee with voting rights and advisory membership in the Oversight Coordinating Committee;
Participation in the Steering Committee with voting rights and full membership in the Oversight Coordinating Committee.
Permanent working bodies for standardization are technical committees (TC), but this does not exclude the development of regulatory documents by enterprises, public associations, and other entities economic activity. TCs can engage in standardization both on their own initiative and under contracts to perform such a task in accordance with TC programs and state standardization plans.
Technical committees specialize depending on the object of standardization. Within the framework of this specialization, the TC also carries out work on international (regional) standardization.
Main functions of TC:
Defining concepts for the development of standardization in your field;
Preparation of data for annual standardization plans;
Drafting new standards and updating existing ones;
Providing scientific and methodological assistance to organizations participating in the development of standards and applying regulatory documents, in particular, on analyzing the effectiveness of standardization;
Attracting consumers through unions and consumer societies.
Along the line international standardization TCs deal with issues of harmonization of domestic standards with international ones, prepare justification for Russia’s position for voting on draft standards in international organizations; participate in the work of the TCs of international (regional) standardization organizations, promoting the adoption of state standards of the Russian Federation as international ones, participate in organizing meetings of international standardization organizations in Russia, etc.
The Law of the Russian Federation “On Standardization” allows the participation of representatives of organizations from foreign countries in the work of the TC (in agreement with the State Standard of Russia). In a number of TCs, subcommittees (SC) are created for individual standardization objects.
TCs are also considered as working bodies for standardization within the CIS on the basis of the “Agreement on the implementation of a coordinated policy in the field of standardization, metrology and certification” adopted by the CIS member countries in 1992.
The scientific and technical basis for the creation of technical committees is usually enterprises or organizations whose activity profile corresponds to the specialization of the technical committee. These include research institutes of the State Standard of the Russian Federation and the State Construction Committee of the Russian Federation. The legal basis for the creation of a Labor Code is the decision of these government bodies. Interested enterprises and organizations can take the initiative to have their specialists participate in the work of the technical committee by sending a proposal to one of the above government bodies. Gosstandart of the Russian Federation and Gosstroy of the Russian Federation attract leading scientists and specialists, representatives of product development organizations, manufacturing enterprises(firms), enterprises - the main consumers of products (services), scientific and engineering societies and societies for the protection of consumer rights. The latter is given special importance, since through representatives of these societies it is carried out Feedback with the consumer, which makes it possible to obtain up-to-date information necessary to fulfill one of the main goals of standardization - to ensure that the product meets the expectations and preferences of the consumer. Consumer societies have the right to participate in the work of technical committees to determine the requirements for the quality of the standardization object and the choice of methods for its assessment, in the development of new and updating existing standards.
Participation in the activities of technical committees of all interested parties is voluntary.
Other standardization services. Other business entities that develop regulatory documents (standards for industries and enterprises) create special services in their organizational structure that coordinate the work on creating standards for other departments involved in this. For example, at an enterprise, research, design and technology departments and laboratories carry out research related to standardization, and the participation of other departments is determined by their competence. The standardization department manages the work.
The permanent working bodies for standardization are technical committees (TC), but this does not exclude the development of regulatory documents by enterprises, public associations, and other business entities. TCs can engage in standardization both on their own initiative and under contracts to perform such a task in accordance with TC programs and state standardization plans.
Technical committees specialize depending on the object of standardization. Within the framework of this specialization, the TC also carries out work on international (regional) standardization.
Main functions of TC:
1) defining concepts for the development of standardization in their field;
2) preparation of data for annual standardization plans;
3) drafting new standards and updating existing ones;
4) providing scientific and methodological assistance to organizations participating in the development of standards and applying regulatory documents, in particular, on the analysis of effective standardization;
5) attracting consumers through unions and consumer societies.
In the area of international standardization, TCs deal with issues of harmonization of domestic standards with international ones, prepare justification for Russia’s position for voting on draft standards in international organizations; participate in the work of the TCs of international (regional) standardization organizations, promoting the adoption of state standards of the Russian Federation as international ones, participate in organizing meetings of international standardization organizations in Russia, etc.
The scientific and technical basis for the creation of technical committees is usually enterprises or organizations whose activity profile corresponds to the specialization of the technical committee. Gosstandart of the Russian Federation and Gosstroy of the Russian Federation attract leading scientists and specialists, representatives of organizations - product developers, manufacturing enterprises (firms), enterprises - the main consumers of products (services), scientific and engineering societies and societies for the protection of consumer rights to work in the TC.
Participation in the activities of technical committees of all interested parties is voluntary.
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Guidelines for organization independent work students Directions: 150900.62 “Technology, equipment and automation of mechanical engineering
List of laboratory classes
1. Measuring parts using plane-parallel gauge blocks;
2. Measuring the dimensions of parts using caliper tools;
3. Determination of surface roughness
Development and role of metrology, standardization and certification in ensuring high quality products
Russia's transition to a market economy has determined new conditions for the activities of domestic firms, enterprises and organizations not only in the domestic market, but also in the foreign market. is a set of works aimed at ensuring the uniformity of measurements, in which the measurement results are expressed in legal units of quantities and with an error
Main types of work on metrological support
1) Carrying out a state analysis with measurement.
Continuous analysis is the main type of metrological support work, since the manufacturer must know with what reliability the values are determined
Unity, reliability, accuracy of measurements. Uniformity of measuring instruments
Unity of measurements is a state of measurements in which their results are expressed in legal units, and the errors are known with a given probability and do not go beyond the established standards.
State metrological control. Type approval of measuring instruments
The Law “On Ensuring the Uniformity of Measurements” establishes the following types of state metrological control: 1) approval of the type of measuring instruments;
2) verification of measuring instruments
Verification of measuring instruments
Verification of measuring instruments is a set of operations performed by bodies of the State Metrological Service or other authorized bodies and organizations for the purpose of determining and confirming
Calibration of measuring instruments. Russian Calibration Service (RSC)
SI calibration is a set of operations performed to determine and confirm the actual values of metrological characteristics and (or) suitability for the use of SI
State Metrological Supervision (GMS)
GMN - procedures for checking compliance with metrological rules and norms, legal requirements, regulatory documents of the GSI system adopted in connection with the introduction of the Law, as well as previously existing and contradictory Metrological control and supervision at enterprises and organizations (for legal entities) In accordance with the law “On ensuring the uniformity of measurements” at enterprises, organizations, institutions that are
legal entities
, where necessary, metrological services are created for
Physical quantities as an object of measurement
The object of measurement is physical quantities, which are usually divided into basic and derivative. Basic quantities are independent of each other, but they can serve as a basis Types of measuring instruments
For
practical measurement units of quantity are used technical means that have standardized errors and are called measuring instruments. Regarding measuring instruments, which stores a unit of quantity and allows the measured quantity to be compared with it.
Received
Basic parameters of measuring instruments
The length of the scale division is the distance between the axes (centers) of two adjacent scale marks, measured along an imaginary line passing through the midpoints of the shortest scale marks.
Measurement errors Measurement error means the deviation of the measurement result from true meaning
measured quantity.
Measurement accuracy – measurement quality
Selection of measuring instruments
When choosing measuring instruments, their metrological parameters, operational factors (organizational form of control, design features and dimensions of products, equipment performance) are taken into account
Metrological indicators of measuring instruments
Measures are characterized by nominal and real values. The nominal value of a measure is the value of a quantity indicated on the measure or attributed to it. Action Line length measures. Plane-parallel gauge blocks Line length measures are made in the form of bars
four types
With
various forms
cross section. Unambiguous measures have two strokes on the edges of the beam. Scales of multivalued measures could
Angular prismatic measures
Angular prismatic measures are the most accurate means of measuring angles in mechanical engineering. They are designed to transfer the size of a flat angle unit from standards to standard and working angles Vernier tools Vernier tools are direct-acting indicating devices, in which the size of the product is determined by the position of the measuring frame moving along the rod with a bar scale.
Micrometers
Micrometric instruments belong to the group of universal
measuring instruments
. They are designed to measure the diameters of shafts and holes, depths and heights of parts.
Design m
Calibers. Profile templates
According to the control method, calibers are divided into normal and limit.
In relation to parts elements in mechanical engineering, standardization of accuracy, i.e. establishing requirements for the degree of approximation to a given value, state or position can and should be considered in
Concept of size. Dimensions nominal, real, true, normal. Rows of normal linear dimensions
Size – the numerical value of a linear quantity (diameter, length, etc.) in the selected units of measurement.
From this definition it follows that the size is taken to be the distance
Limit sizes. Deviations. Deviation designations
Limit dimensions are two maximum permissible dimensions of an element, between which the actual size must be (or can be equal to).
Therefore
System of admissions and landings. Principles of system construction
Since it is possible to obtain a fit (with clearance, interference or transition) for any ratio of deviations in the dimensions of elements relative to the nominal size, therefore, with the development of various industries,
Size Intervals
The nominal dimensions of the elements of the parts, after they have been determined by calculation, are selected from a series of preferred numbers, which are a geometric progression with certain denominators.
Tolerance unit
When assigning tolerances, it is necessary to select a pattern for changing tolerances, taking into account the value of the nominal size. Therefore, the system has a so-called tolerance unit, which is like a
Size qualities
Depending on the location where parts that have the same nominal size are used, they may be subject to different requirements regarding dimensional accuracy.
Formation of the tolerance field. Main deviations
In the ESDP, to indicate the position of the tolerance field relative to the nominal value, the values of the main deviations are normalized, which are indicated in Latin letters in uppercase (capital) for the hole and in lowercase (m
Designation of tolerances and fits on drawings
The tolerance field with the internal mating surface (hole) is always indicated in the numerator, and the tolerance field with the external mating surface (shaft) is always indicated in the denominator, for example: 20H7/g6, Normal temperature Temperature- one of
essential elements
admission and landing systems; associated with it is a judgment about the suitability of products in terms of compliance of its dimensions with the dimensions specified in the drawing, as well as Problems solved when ensuring the accuracy of dimensional chains. Checking(accuracy of this link), when the maximum dimensions of the remaining component links are known (Fig. 2: A
Problems solved when ensuring the accuracy of dimensional chains. Design
The tolerance of the trailing link (initial link) and the nominal dimensions of the component links are known.
It is necessary to determine the tolerances of the component links.
Method 1
Parameters for normalizing and designating surface roughness
Methods for normalizing surface roughness are established in GOST 2789 - 73 and apply to the surfaces of products made from any materials and by any methods, except fleecy surfaces
Selecting surface roughness
The choice of parameters for normalizing roughness should be made taking into account the purpose and operational properties of the surface. The main thing in all cases is the normalization of altitude parameters.
Measuring shape deviations
Shape deviations are determined using universal and special measuring instruments. In this case, calibration cast iron plates and plates made of hard stone, calibration rulers, squares,
Surface Roughness Measurement
Qualitative control of surface roughness is carried out by comparison with samples or reference parts visually or by touch. GOST 9378-75 establishes roughness samples
Goals and objectives of standardization
Standardization is an activity aimed at developing and establishing requirements, norms, rules, characteristics, both mandatory and recommended, ensuring
Categories of standards. Enterprise standards. Standards of public associations. Specifications
Enterprise standards are developed and adopted by the enterprise itself. The objects of standardization in this case are usually the components of organization and production management,
State bodies and standardization services, their tasks and areas of work. National standardization body. Technical committees
According to ISO/IEC Guide 2, standardization activities are carried out by relevant bodies and organizations. An authority is considered as a legal or administrative unit having specific State control and supervision of compliance with state standards State control and supervision of compliance
mandatory requirements
state standards are implemented in Russia on the basis of the Law of the Russian Federation “On Standardization” and form part of the state Standardization in Russia is established by the Law of the Russian Federation “On Standardization”. The provisions of the Law are mandatory for everyone government agencies management, economic entities
Unification and aggregation
Unification. To rationally reduce the range of manufactured products, they are unified and standards are developed for parametric series of products, which increases the serial number
International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
Main goals and objectives. The International Organization for Standardization was created in 1946. twenty-five national standards organizations. The USSR was one of the founders of the organization
ISO organizational structure
Organizationally, ISO includes governing and working bodies. Governing bodies: General Assembly(highest body), Council, Technical Guidance Bureau. Working bodies – technical committees (TC),
The procedure for developing international standards
Direct work on the creation of international standards is carried out by technical committees (TC); subcommittees (SC, which can establish TC) and working groups (WG) in specific areas of activity
Future challenges for ISO
ISO has defined its tasks until the end of the century, highlighting the most relevant strategic areas of work: 1. Establishing closer ties between the organization’s activities and the market, which is primarily
Basic terms and concepts
Establishing compliance with specified requirements involves testing.
Testing is a technical operation consisting in determining one or more characteristics of data
National body Council for
According to certification │----------------→certification (Gosstandart of Russia) │ │ │ │
Performers)
Typical structure of interaction between participants in the certification system.
The testing laboratory tests specific products or specific types
Certification schemes
Certification is carried out according to the schemes established in the certification system.
A certification scheme is the composition and sequence of actions of a third party in assessing conformity
Mandatory certification
Mandatory certification is carried out on the basis of laws and legislative provisions and provides evidence of compliance of a product (process, service) with the requirements of technical regulations, on
Rules for certification are established general recommendations, which are used in organizing and carrying out work on mandatory and voluntary certification.
These rules are
Procedure for product certification The procedure for certification in Russia was established by the Decree of the State Standard of the Russian Federation in 1994. towards mandatory certification
(including imported products), but can also be applied
Responsibilities and main functions of the certification body
Responsibilities: 1. Conducting product certification according to the rules and within the limits of accreditation.
2. Issuance of a license to use the mark of conformity to the certificate holder.
3. Pr
Requirements for certification body personnel 1. The head of the certification body is appointed in agreement with the accrediting body. 2. The body must have permanent staff. Working conditions for personnel should completely exclude
Certification of quality assurance systems
Certification of quality assurance systems to ISO 9000 series standards is widely developed in
foreign countries
, in Russia they have been doing this recently.
Foreign experts believe that
Service certification
The basic principles of service certification systems are the same as for product certification systems: mandatory and voluntary, third party conditions, accreditation of certification bodies, issuance of certification
Problems solved when ensuring the accuracy of dimensional chains
Task 1. Determining the maximum dimensions of the closing link of a dimensional chain (the accuracy of this link), when the maximum dimensions of the remaining component links are known
Results of calculation of the closing link
Nominal size, mm Tolerance, mm Upper deviation, mm Lower deviation, mm
For design calculation
Link Nominal size, mm Size tolerance, mm Type of link Аδ Results of calculation of component links Link Nominal diameter, mm Tolerance, mm Bottom deviation, mm Top deviation, mm
The procedure for participation of firms in the work of technical committees is established in GOST R 1.1–2005 “Standardization in the Russian Federation. Technical comets on standardization. The order of creation and activity".
Membership in technical committees is voluntary. By decision of the TC members, membership fees may be established. When participating in some social projects, TC members may agree to bear additional Money, but participation in projects is voluntary.
To become a member of the technical committee for standardization, an organization must submit the following information to the TC secretariat:
– postal and legal addresses;
– organizational and legal form of the organization;
– last name, first name, patronymic of the head of the organization;
– last name, first name, patronymic of the authorized representative of the organization, indicating telephone and fax numbers, as well as address Email;
– information on the qualifications of specialists in the field of TC activities.
If the organization’s details have changed or a new authorized representative of the organization has been appointed, then the organization must notify the secretariat about this within five days. A member of the TC has the right to leave its membership by notifying the secretariat in writing.
The organization participates in the work of the TC through its authorized representative, who receives all correspondence from the TC, participates in TC meetings, and votes on behalf of the organization. The authorized representative must have a letter of power from the head of the organization to make decisions on financial issues that are discussed at TC meetings.
The TC is headed by a chairman. His candidacy is proposed by the organization on the basis of which the TC is being created, and Rosstandart approves this decision. In addition to the chairman, there is the TC secretariat and ordinary members.
Members of the TC have a number of rights:
– receive information about the work program of the TC and the international (regional) analogue committee;
– receive for consideration draft standards, the examination of which is carried out by this TC and give opinions on them;
– participate in the discussion of draft standards at a meeting of the TC;
– submit proposals for the development of standards and develop them;
– propose their representatives to be appointed as experts in the working groups of the international analogue committee;
– receive from the secretariat information materials;
– select a candidate for the chairman of the TC;
– participate in the discussion of technical regulations.
Along with rights, members of the TC also have responsibilities:
– provide a channel for obtaining information from the secretariat;
– ensure the participation of its representatives in the work of the TC;
– to achieve the adoption of decisions by the TC on the basis of consensus;
– not to carry out actions that could discredit the ideas and goals of national standardization.
If members of the TC violate the established rules, the secretariat of the TC has the right to send a warning to this organization, and if a member of the TC continues to fail to fulfill his obligations, then at a general meeting of the TC a decision may be made to expel him from the membership of the TC.
In Russia, a certain procedure has been established for the creation of technical committees.
An organization that wishes to take over the management of the secretariat develops a draft Regulation on the Labor Code and draws up a preliminary business plan [ Adj. 10]. The business plan is accompanied by a list of national and interstate standards, the responsibility for updating which the newly created TC is ready to take upon itself.
Then the organization submits an application for registration of the TC to the national standardization body [ Adj. 9]. The application is accompanied by letters from organizations that have expressed support for the creation of the TC and are ready to participate in its work.
National authority The standardization department reviews the application and makes a decision on it and decides to refuse registration for several reasons:
– formalities have not been completed (a set of documents for creating a technical contract has not been attached, or these documents have been filled out incorrectly or incompletely);
– TC with the declared area of activity already exists;
– the business plan presented by the organization does not sufficiently outline the rationale for the feasibility of standardization work and attracting resources in this area of the economy;
– Rosstandart has reason to believe that this organization unable to ensure equal consideration of the interests of all parties.
The TK designation includes the letters “TK”, identification number and name. Information about TC is entered by Rosstandart into the Automated information system(AIS).
The TC makes decisions at meetings by voting, which is organized by the TC secretariat. The quorum for holding a meeting is 2/3 of the TC's payroll. TC meetings are open, that is, representatives of any organizations and individuals can take part in them, in particular, those who submitted comments on draft standards during the period of their public discussion, but without the right to vote. The decision is considered adopted if more than 50% of the TC's roster votes for it. Each organization within the TC has one vote, regardless of the size of its delegation. The activities of the TC establish the principle of consensus when making decisions, especially when it comes to draft national standards [ Adj. 8].
The TC carries out an examination (scientific, technical, terminological, legal, metrological, etc.) of draft national standards and prepares a reasoned conclusion for Rosstandart on approval or rejection of the document. Also, based on individual requests from organizations, the TC can conduct an examination of the standards of organizations and issue an expert opinion.
The activities of the TC are controlled by Rosstandart through reporting documents provided by the TC secretariat (Appendix). At the same time, Rosstandart provides the TC secretariat with access to its following documents:
– orders of Rosstandart;
– regulatory documentation that establishes the rules of standardization in Russia;
– AIS “Program for the Development of National Standards”, “Development of Standards”, “Development of International Standards”, “Technical Committees”, as well as all-Russian classifiers;
– national, interstate, international and, if possible, regional standards in the field of TC activities.
Summary
– in Russia the right of organizations of any form of ownership to develop their internal standards, covering various aspects activities of companies, which is ensured by the provisions Federal Law Russian Federation “On technical regulation” and the fundamental standard GOST R 1.4;
– to ensure standardization work is carried out within the framework of separate organization Russian legislation provides for the possibility of creating special services for standardization at enterprises, but the conditions of existence in tourism industry a large number of small organizations, standardization services can achieve their goals within associations tourist organizations;
– the creation and functioning of technical committees for standardization is based on the principles of expediency and transparency and the right of any organization to initiate the creation of a technical committee within the framework of Russian legislation.
Thus, Russian tourist standards collectively form a system that is going through a period of reform.
Questions and tasks for self-control
1. Define an organization standard.
2. What is your point in developing organizational standards within a particular company?
3. Name the features of the organization’s standards in comparison with the national standards of Russia.
4. Name the tasks of the standardization service.
5. What is a technical committee for standardization.
6. Explain the procedure for creating a technical committee for standardization.
7. Describe the procedure for interaction between the technical committee for standardization and Rosstandart.
The creation of technical committees for standardization is currently being implemented by the relevant executive authority. When the Law “On Technical Regulation” came into force, reforms began to take place throughout the standardization system of the Russian Federation. First of all, this approach is dictated by the need to transition to standardization concepts that have been accepted internationally. Thus, it is currently important to change the status of the TC for standardization, the status of the standards themselves, the conditions for financing work related to standardization, as well as the corresponding goals and objectives.
Composition of TC
It is advisable to start with the fact that the TCS includes representatives executive bodies state corporations (for example, the Rosatom corporation), executive power, executive power of municipal structures and constituent entities of the Russian Federation, scientific companies - even those that carry out activities in the field of standardization - performers, manufacturers, as well as public consumer associations. The activities of technical committees on standardization are associated with participation in the preparation of proposals related to the formation of the state policy of the Russian Federation in the field of standardization.
Creation principles
IN fully Having considered the concept and composition of TKS, it is worth moving on to next aspect. The creation of technical committees for standardization, as well as the formation of corresponding compositions, is implemented by the relevant structure of the executive branch. A number of principles are taken into account:
- The parties are entitled to equal representation.
- Participation is voluntary.
- Representatives of the TC for standardization approved the rule that compliance with the tasks and goals of standardization, which are spelled out in the third article of the above-mentioned Federal Law, is a mandatory principle.
- Information related to the technical committee being formed must be open and accessible.
Process of creation
An application for the formation of a national technical committee for standardization is submitted in written or electronic form by the applicant. This is done in the federal structure of the executive branch in the field of standardization. It is important to note that applicants can only be persons named in the second part of this article. The federal body considers an application for the formation of a technical committee for standardization from 1 to 15 days. He then decides whether it is possible to create this committee. Please note that the application may be rejected. If the proposal related to the creation and further activities of a technical committee for standardization does not comply with the principles set out above, then the federal executive organization in the field of standardization officially decides to reject the application for the formation of this structure.
Acceptance and rejection of applications
It often happens that an application may be rejected for one reason or another, which must subsequently be clearly explained. If an application is rejected, the corresponding decision is communicated to the applicant for information purposes. It is worth considering that then the federal executive body in the field of standardization must officially refuse to create and further work technical committee for standardization no later than seven days after this decision is made.
You need to know that the notification regarding the acceptance of applications for participation in the TCS federal body the executive branch one way or another places it on its official resource (website) on the Internet. It must be published no later than 7 days after the decision was made on the possibility of forming a committee. The persons indicated in the second part of this article, within the period noted in the notification for accepting applications for participation in the TC for Standardization, must send these applications directly to the applicant. It is worth adding that the deadline for accepting applications is indicated in the relevant notification. It cannot exceed 90 days, nor be less than 60 days from the date of publication of the notification. An application for participation in the technical committee for standardization according to GOST must contain a logical justification for the participation of a particular person who is the applicant as a member of the committee.
Deadline for accepting applications
After the acceptance of applications for participation in the TCS has been completed, the applicant must forward the received applications to the federal executive body in the field of standardization. In addition, the following list of documents is important in the shipment:
- Draft regulations on the formation of a technical committee for standardization based on the corresponding provisions of the standard format. This provision must be approved by the relevant standardization authority.
- The project is a sufficiently promising program of activity for the structure being created.
- List of interstate (for interstate technical committees for standardization) and national (for national committees) codes of rules, standards and other documentation on standardization. One way or another, they must operate on the territory of the Russian Federation and fall within the competence of the structure being formed.
- List of regional and international standards that relate to the competence of the created structure. It's about on regional and international technical committees for standardization, respectively.
Committee activities
Today, technical committees are involved in the development of international, regional or interstate standards. In this case, the procedure for participation is established by the relevant structure of the executive power. Federal agency, engaged in technical regulation and metrology, is responsible for organizing the participation of technical committees in the work of the International Organization for Standardization (abbreviated as ISO), the Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification of the Commonwealth Independent States(abbreviated as IGS), as well as the International Electrotechnical Commission (abbreviated as IEC).
Currently, the entire list of technical committees for standardization takes part in the creation of standards at both the regional and international levels, strictly according to agreements concluded by the Federal Agency with regional structures involved in standardization.
Development of international standards
Next, it would be appropriate to consider in more detail the issue of participation in the development of international standards. To coordinate the work of the TCS, the Federal Agency is organizing the activities of the ISO and IEC secretariats strictly in accordance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation regarding standardization. It is important to know that as part of its participation in the creation of international standards, the technical committee implements the following activities:
- Provides contact with an expert in the process of preparing the position of the Russian Federation in accordance with the draft international standard.
- Sends to the secretariats of the Russian Committee, which is a member of the IEC and ISO, proposals related to the candidacies of experts for activities in technical IEC structures and ISO.
- Sends to the secretariats of the Russian Committee, which is a member of the IEC and ISO, proposals related to the development of draft international standards based on the standards national level and internal standards of organizations.
- Organizes the examination of international standards.
Development of interstate standards
Having fully considered the development of international standards, we should move on to interstate-type standards. Thus, in accordance with the proposals of the technical committees, the Federal Agency is engaged in the formation of a composition of experts in the continuously operating bodies of the IGU, scientific commissions and working groups strictly in accordance with the legislation in force in the country regarding standardization. It is important to know that as part of their participation in the creation of standards at the interstate level, technical committees are engaged in the following activities:
- Send proposals for standardization at the interstate level to the work program.
- Both the first and final editions of the draft standard at the interstate level are formed.
- They carry out an examination of both the first and final versions of the project.
- They are engaged in the preparation of a reasoned proposal related to the approval of a draft standard at the interstate level or its rejection.
- Fully ensure the participation of a representative of the Russian Federation in the meeting of the technical committee of the interstate composition.
Technical committees for standardization in the Russian Federation: list
Today on the territory of Russia there is a large number of technical committees. Among them:
- Committee on All-Russian classifiers.
- Production plan services.
- Grain and products of its processing.
- Pasta and bakery products.
- Shipbuilding.
- Premixes, compound feeds, as well as protein-vitamin-mineral concentrates.
- Watchmaking.
- Ferroalloys.
- Risk management.
- Refractories.
- Medical equipment, devices and devices.
- Non-metal ore.
- Standardization methodology.
- Cinema.
- Tools for medical work.
- Household electrical appliances.
- Electric power industry.
- Ecological economics and management.
- Information Technology.
- Information Services, communication services and its management, construction and further operation of facilities in the region information technologies and connections.
- Gas and oil industry.
- Metrological support for the production and further accounting of energy resources, which can include both liquids and gases.
- Qualitative characteristics organic fertilizers, soils and soils.
- Cryptographic protection of information.
- Water transport.
- Hydrogen technologies.
- Equipment and machines for processing and Food Industry, public catering and trade enterprises.
- Lubricants and petroleum fuels.
- Electromagnetic compatibility of technical instruments.
Conclusion. Purpose and role of TC
As it turned out, after the Federal Law “On Technical Regulation” came into force, the national standardization system began to reform. The status of the relevant committees, standards, funding conditions, as well as the main goals and objectives of standardization have changed. Today, leading experts and, of course, scientists from interested structures, consumers (in other words, customers), product manufacturers, developers, organizations and bodies for standardization, certification, metrology and engineering societies are involved in the activities of the committees. It is important to recall that the formation of technical committees is carried out on a voluntary basis for the organization and further implementation of work related to the standardization of certain types of products, services or technology.
Above we examined in detail what interstate, international and national committees. However, it is advisable to note general functions which they perform:
- Organizing the development and revision of current standards in a specific field of activity, preparing proposals for the program.
- Ensuring harmonization Russian standards(in other words, organizing the conformity of national and interstate standards with international ones), including promoting the adoption of standards.
- Analysis of draft Russian standards, including organizing the development or conducting an examination, submitting for approval to the NOS or preparing proposals regarding the rejection of projects. In other words, technical standardization committees approve projects.
- Cooperation with technical committees in related areas of activity. It is important to note that this function involves ensuring the complexity of work related to standardization.
- Fully ensuring the interests of the Russian Federation in case of interaction with similar technical committees at the regional, foreign or international level. Participation in the work of ISO or IEC TCs, as well as in the activities of interstate TCs.
- Participation in the development of international standards (usually through review of their drafts) and assistance in the adoption of Russian standards as international ones.
- Interaction with federal and other executive authorities, as well as with various structures and individuals.
- Organizing or conducting an examination of current draft standards (respectively, at the proposal of organizations).
The main task of any TC is to promote the progress of the national standardization system. The authorized fund of the technical committee has the right to dispose of its working body (in other words, a public structure that has a Regulation and Charter). This body implements the work program, which is adopted by the technical committee, and also resolves funding issues. The working capital of the technical committee can be formed in three ways: from profits from the sale of intellectual property; from grants from international companies and organizations; from outside sources who take the initiative.
Finally, it is advisable to consider the criteria for technical committees to perform their functions. This includes the implementation of requirements related to the safety of technical regulations in the process of developing standards. In addition, of particular importance is the expert opinion from the NOS on the developed national standards, as well as the presumption of compliance with the current safety requirements of the standards. And finally, the criteria that are presented by individual community groups or society as a whole. They are obvious when implementing the principle corresponding to the openness of the formation of standards.