Dmitry Likhachev: “What is the meaning of life” Soviet academician D. S.
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Dmitry Sergeevich Likhachev (1906-1999) - Soviet and Russian philologist, cultural critic, art critic, academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences (USSR Academy of Sciences until 1991). Chairman of the Board of the Russian (Soviet until 1991) Cultural Foundation (1986-1993). Author of fundamental works devoted to the history of Russian literature (mainly Old Russian) and Russian culture. Here is a fragment from the book by Likhachev D.S. Letters about Good. - St. Petersburg: Science, Logos, 2006.
What is the meaning of life
You can define the purpose of your existence in different ways, but there must be a purpose - otherwise there will be not life, but vegetation. You also need to have principles in life. It’s even good to write them down in a diary, but for the diary to be “real”, it cannot be shown to anyone - write only for yourself. Every person should have one rule in life, in his goal of life, in his principles of life, in his behavior: he must live his life with dignity, so that he will not be ashamed to remember. Dignity requires kindness, generosity, the ability not to be a narrow egoist, to be truthful, a good friend, and to find joy in helping others.
For the sake of the dignity of life, one must be able to give up small pleasures and considerable ones too... Being able to apologize and admit a mistake to others is better than fussing and lying. When deceiving, a person first of all deceives himself, because he thinks that he has successfully lied, but people understood and, out of delicacy, remained silent. Lies are always visible. People have a special feeling that tells them whether they are being lied to or told the truth. But there is no evidence, and more often than not, I don’t want to get involved...
Nature created man for many millions of years until she created it, and this creative, constructive activity of nature must, I think, be respected, we must live our lives with dignity and live in such a way that nature, which worked on our creation, is not offended. Nature is creative, it created us, so in our lives we must support this creative tendency, creativity, and in no case support everything destructive that is in life. How to understand this, how to apply it to your life, each person must answer this individually, in relation to his abilities, his interests, etc. But you need to live creatively, maintain creativity in life. Life is diverse, and therefore creation is diverse, and our aspirations for creativity in life should also be diverse according to our abilities and inclinations. What do you think?
In life there is some level of happiness from which we count, just as we count height from sea level. Reference point. So, the task of every person, in both large and small ways, is to increase this level of happiness, to increase it in life. And your personal happiness also does not remain outside of these concerns. But mainly - those around you, those who are closer to you, whose level of happiness can be increased simply, easily, without worries. And besides, this means increasing the level of happiness of your country and of all humanity in the end. The methods are different, but there is something for everyone. If it is not possible to solve government issues, which always increases the level of happiness, if they are resolved wisely, then you can increase this level of happiness within your work environment, within your school, among your friends and comrades. Everyone has this opportunity.
Life is, first of all, creativity, but this does not mean that every person, in order to live, must be born an artist, ballerina or scientist. Creativity can also be done. You can simply create a good atmosphere around yourself, as they say now, an aura of goodness around you. For example, a person can bring with him into society an atmosphere of suspicion, some kind of painful silence, or he can immediately bring joy and light. This is creativity. Creativity is continuous. So life is eternal creation. A person is born and leaves behind a memory. What kind of memory will he leave behind? You need to take care of this not only from a certain age, but, I think, from the very beginning, since a person can leave at any time and at any moment. And it is very important what memory he leaves of himself.
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Suffragism and its history
Excerpt from the book “Suffragism in the history and culture of Great Britain” by Ivan Limbach Publishing House
The issue of gender equality still remains a pressing issue. The struggle of women for their rights began a long time ago, but few people know that many men supported it. “Private Correspondent” publishes an excerpt from Olga Shnyrova’s monograph “Suffragism in the history and culture of Great Britain”, published by Ivan Limbach, which tells about the struggle of Englishwomen and Englishwomen for women’s suffrage in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
9th grade
SUMMARY.
(“Live life with dignity...” )
(working on practical skills in preparation for a concise presentation)
MBOU "Secondary School No. 59" Sholokh E.V.
Vladivostok 2014
USE THE FOLLOWING GUIDELINES
1. Determine the topic of the text.
2. State the main idea.
3. Highlight the main micro-topics in each part of the text.
4. Determine the method of reduction: exclusion, generalization, simplification.
5. Write a concise summary of each part and link them together.
6. The volume of presentation is at least 70 words.
7. Write your summary neatly and in legible handwriting.
Text No. 1
(According to D.S. Likhachev). 172 words.
A real goal allows a person to live life with dignity and gain joy. If a person lives to do good, to ease their suffering in illness, to give people joy, then he sets himself a goal worthy of a person. If a person sets himself the task of acquiring all the basic material goods: a car, a summer house, a set of furniture, he makes a fatal mistake.
1st micro theme
A real goal allows a person to live life with dignity and gain joy. If a person wants to bring goodness and joy to people, then he sets himself a goal worthy of a person. If a person strives only to acquire material wealth, he makes a fatal mistake.
When setting a career or acquisition as a goal, a person experiences in total much more sorrows than joys, and risks losing everything. Didn't get promoted - disappointing. I didn’t have time to buy a stamp for my collection – it’s a shame. Someone has better furniture than you or a better car - again a disappointment, and what a disappointment! What can a person who rejoices in every good deed lose? It is only important that the good that a person does is his inner need, comes from an intelligent heart, and not just from his head.
2nd micro theme
1-B Personal gain cannot bring a person as much joy as good deeds for other people, done with all the heart.
2-B A career or acquisition will bring much more sorrow than joy, and therefore a person risks losing everything. What can a person who rejoices in every good deed lose? It is only important that the good that a person does comes from an intelligent heart, and not just from the head.
18 or 42 words
Therefore, the main task in life must be a task that is broader than just personal; it should not be limited only to one’s own successes and failures. It should be dictated by kindness towards people, love for family, for your city, for your people, for your country, for the entire universe.
3rd micro theme
Therefore, the main task in life should be broader than a person’s personal interests; it should be dictated by kindness towards people.
For a long time, people have argued that in order to live your life with dignity, you need to do three things:
1. Plant a tree
2. Build a house
3. Raise a son
But is this considered the meaning of life? I think not. A person who does these three things is unlikely to feel truly happy. After all, there are many more things to do and some of them are much more serious.
But this does not mean that I am completely against it. My denial of these matters comes down to the fact that each of them should be in its place in life. And these three things are natural things that need to be done in your life.
Each of us was sent to earth to achieve success in life. It is achieved through human efforts. Naturally, you need to not just dream while lying on the couch - you need to act, go and achieve, implement your grandiose plans. Everything in your power must be done. It also happens that you run out of strength and God and Fate will help you. But you shouldn’t give up at the first failure, or at the second, third...tenth.
I’ll tell you a secret that you may know: small things don’t happen on their own. They say that you shouldn’t even plan them and not waste your energy on them, but this is far from true. I’m planning big things, don’t tell yourself “What if it doesn’t work out!” – You are setting yourself up negatively. We must go towards the goal boldly and with a positive attitude. Even the mountain peak of Chomolungma, after many failures, was conquered by climbers; Edmond Hillary was the first to reach it. Before this, he prepared for a long time, but the first attempt was in vain. As a result, this man conquered this height. After the first attempt, journalists laughed at him, and in general few people believed in his success. Edmond Hillary was much bigger than this mountain because he grew, changed and eventually achieved what he wanted.
This example of a dream coming true is a clear confirmation that you shouldn’t sit still and you need to make decisions. Start a long and difficult journey, believe in your grandiose plan and, with a positive result, become a winner. Don't watch and listen to losers who don't believe in you. They suffer from envy because they do not have such a desire to achieve a goal, sometimes even the most unattainable one. But, waking up one morning, you will feel that you have been going through obstacles for a long time and in the end you have achieved your goal.
Plan, act and everything will work out!
Here is an essay on the topic: What does it mean for me to live with dignity?
Life!.. Have you ever thought about the fact that you need to live it with dignity? What does it mean to live with dignity?
Probably everyone is trying to leave good memories of themselves. How to do this? Firstly, to live with dignity, you need to learn to live for people. This means giving all your spiritual strength so that the people around you are spiritually higher and happier. You need to see a person as a person, love him as he is. You also need to learn to understand others. Caring for peace and tranquility in the family, for the joy and happiness of parents and loved ones, self-improvement should become the meaning of your life. Remember that everything in life is interconnected: how you treat your parents is how your children will treat you when you become parents. As V. Sukhomlinsky said: “Love for people is your moral core. Live so that your core is healthy, pure and strong.” I think you need to acquire good manners. Parents try to invest in us the best that they can give to their children. Love and appreciate your parents!
In the beginning, everything is put into children by parents, but where then do good parents have boorish children? Often good people can offend, even without malicious intent, because they didn’t think, that is, without any intention to humiliate or insult. A word can support, but it can also hurt a person. Thus, good manners are a person's contribution to society. This contribution brings a person a good mood and goodwill from other people. Self-education and self-realization also play an important role. How important it is to read a lot, learn about the world around us, about people. We take the experience of heroes from books, learn from their mistakes, think about their bad or good deeds. Educating yourself, making almost impossible demands on yourself is the path to moral beauty. In our difficult times, people, unfortunately, think only about their profit, about their benefits. They live in their own little world. Their limited interests lead to a boring and monotonous existence. But why such a life? After all, we can make her much better and happier!
What will we leave to our descendants? What memory will remain of us? Life makes people callous, cruel, insensitive. But only he can say that he lived with dignity, who withstood all life’s trials.
Living with dignity is a goal for each of us. As I said
V. Shukshin: “Over the course of their history, the people have selected, preserved, and raised to the level of respect such human qualities that are not subject to revision: honesty, hard work, conscientiousness, kindness... Remember this. Be human."
When a person consciously or intuitively chooses some Goal or life task for himself in life, he at the same time involuntarily gives himself an assessment. By what a person lives for, one can judge his self-esteem - low or high.
If a person sets himself the task of acquiring all the basic material goods, he evaluates himself at the level of these material goods: as the owner of a car of the latest brand, as the owner of a luxurious dacha, as part of his furniture set...
If a person lives to bring good to people, to alleviate their suffering from illness, to give people joy, then he evaluates himself at the level of this humanity. He sets himself a goal worthy of a person.
Only a vital goal allows a person to live his life with dignity and get real joy. Yes, joy! Think: if a person sets himself the task of increasing goodness in life, bringing happiness to people, what failures can befall him?
Help the wrong person who should? But how many people don't need help? If you are a doctor, then perhaps you misdiagnosed the patient? This happens to the best doctors. But in total, you still helped more than you didn’t help. No one is immune from mistakes. But the most important mistake, the fatal mistake, is choosing the wrong main task in life. Not promoted - disappointment. I didn’t have time to buy a stamp for my collection - it’s a shame. Someone has better furniture than you or a better car - again a disappointment, and what a disappointment!
When setting the goal of a career or acquisition, a person experiences in total much more sorrows than joys, and risks losing everything. What can a person who rejoices in every good deed lose? It is only important that the good that a person does should be his inner need, come from an intelligent heart, and not just from his head, and should not be a “principle” alone.
Therefore, the main task in life must necessarily be a task that is broader than just personal; it should not be limited only to one’s own successes and failures. It should be dictated by kindness towards people, love for family, for your city, for your people, for your country, for the entire universe.
Does this mean that a person should live like an ascetic, not take care of himself, not acquire anything and not enjoy a simple promotion? Not at all! A person who does not think about himself at all is an abnormal phenomenon and personally unpleasant to me: there is some kind of breakdown in this, some kind of ostentatious exaggeration of his kindness, unselfishness, significance, in this there is some kind of peculiar contempt for other people , the desire to stand out.
Therefore, I am only talking about the main task in life. And this main life task does not need to be emphasized in the eyes of other people. And you need to dress well (this is respect for others), but not necessarily “better than others.” And you need to compile a library for yourself, but not necessarily larger than your neighbor’s. And it’s good to buy a car for yourself and your family - it’s convenient. Just don’t turn the secondary into the primary, and don’t let the main goal of life exhaust you where it’s not necessary. When you need it is another matter. There we will see who is capable of what.