What is the best thing in our country. All the best about Russia: amazing records of the largest country in the world
We were bombarded with questions. What about Baikal? Why is there no Russia? We haven't forgotten. Our country is simply so beautiful that it deserves a separate selection.
1. Curonian Spit, Kaliningrad region
Evgeniy Volkov/Flickr.comCuronian Spit is a long narrow strip of land with a unique landscape, flora and fauna. About 600 species of plants grow there and there are 296 species of animals, and the migration route of 150 species of birds also passes through. For its stunning nature, the Curonian Spit is included in the list World Heritage UNESCO. You can enjoy its beauty by following any of the six walking routes of the same name. national park.
2. Khibiny, Murmansk region
Aliona Boico/Flickr.com
Khibiny are mountains on Kola Peninsula. They have a soft relief and are distinguished by stunning nature. Almost the entire Red Book grows and lives there. Most of the year mountain range remains snow-covered, thanks to which it attracts ski lovers. The main ski resorts are on the Aykuaivenchorr and Kukisvumchorr mountains. You can ride from November to June.
Not skiing? Go on a jeep safari around the peninsula, fish in emerald lakes or get acquainted with the life of Kola reindeer herders. Also from the minimum program in the Khibiny Mountains - Polar-Alpine Botanical Garden and "Snow Village".
3. Kizhi, Karelia
John Menard/Flickr.com
Kizhi is an architectural ensemble of two wooden churches and bell towers of the 18th–19th centuries, built without nails. This is one of the main Russian attractions. Located on an island in Lake Onega and is part of the Kizhi State Historical and Architectural Museum. This is a great place for study and crafts, as well as reflection on timeless topics.
4. Ruskeala, Karelia
Raita Futo/Flickr.com
Ruskeala is a village with unique nature And glorious history, near which the mountain park of the same name is located. It includes the Marble Canyon and the Ruskeala Gap. The canyon is surrounded by steep cliffs, grottoes and adits. It is filled with clean groundwater and is therefore absolutely transparent. And the Ruskeala Gap is unique in that the ice never melts in its distant parts. In the park you can ride a boat through the canyon, jump from its cliff, or swim through abandoned mines with scuba gear.
5. Peterhof, St. Petersburg
Andrey Ivanovich/Flickr.com
Peterhof is a palace and park ensemble on south coast Gulf of Finland. Along with others architectural monuments is the hallmark of St. Petersburg and part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Country look imperial residence was formed during the 18th-19th centuries, but suffered greatly during the Great Patriotic War, but completely restored and ennobled. The best time to visit Peterhof is late spring and summer, when the fountains work. There are 147 of them - this is one of the largest fountain systems in the world.
6. Novgorod Detinets, Veliky Novgorod
Karambaros/Flickr.com
On the banks of the Volkhov, in the heart of Veliky Novgorod, there is a fortress, the first chronicle mention of which dates back to 1044. XI century! Novgorod Detinets includes nine towers and four cathedrals. Including the famous snow-white St. Sophia Cathedral.
A visit to Detinets is a great opportunity to refresh your knowledge national history and get acquainted with the culture of the Ancient Russian state.
7. Yasnaya Polyana, Tula region
tulagid71.ru
Yasnaya Polyana is an estate 14 kilometers from Tula. It was founded in the 17th century and belonged to several noble families. On August 28, 1828, Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy was born in Yasnaya Polyana. There he wrote “Anna Karenina” and other works. He is buried there.
In Yasnaya Polyana you can plunge into the atmosphere of the Russian nobility and get closer to the character and life of the great writer. The best time to visit the estate is spring, when the apple orchards bloom. The house-museum of Lev Nikolayevich recreates the atmosphere of 1910, when Tolstoy left Yasnaya Polyana forever.
8. Sviyazhsk, Tatarstan
tonkosti.ru
Sviyazhsk is a small village with great history. In 1551–1552, the city of Sviyazhsk helped the troops of Ivan the Terrible take Kazan. The village is located in the Zelenodolsk region of Tatarstan. Separated from big land Kuibyshev Reservoir, in the summer a passenger ship runs to it.
There is no public, industrial or modern buildings on the island - only the picturesque nature of the Middle Volga and numerous architectural monuments. You can explore all the local attractions in a day, but fishing enthusiasts will definitely want to linger.
9. Shikhany, Bashkortostan
frantic00/Depositphotos.com
Shihans are fossilized reef massifs. Thousands of years ago there was a warm sea here. Therefore, inside the shihan there are deposits rock salt and limestone.
Similar “mountains” remain only in Australia and in the Sterlitamak region of the Republic of Bashkiria. There are three shihans there: Toratau, Yuraktau and Kushtau. They form a narrow chain along the Belaya River.
Ski slopes, sanatoriums and recreation centers were built on the shihans. Lovers of geological relics and active pastime will appreciate this place.
10. Divnogorye, Voronezh region
infovoronezh.ru
Divnogorye is a steppe plateau in the Liskinsky district of the Voronezh region. IN different parts The plateau is dominated by multi-meter chalk pillars - Divas. In Big and Small Divas are located cave temples. Both are part of the ensemble of the Divnogorsk Assumption Monastery.
Another attraction of the plateau is archaeological site 9th–10th centuries called Mayatskoye settlement. There you can see the life of the Don Alans.
11. Elton, Volgograd region
wikimedia.org
Elton is salt Lake close to the border with Kazakhstan. The largest mineral lake in area and one of the most mineralized in the world. The golden-pink reservoir is bordered by snow-white crystals, and around there are stunningly beautiful chamomile steppes.
Elton attracts tourists who want to improve their health. There is a sanatorium in the nearby village of the same name. You can also relax and receive treatment as “savages” by staying in a hotel or with local residents.
12. Mamayev Kurgan, Volgograd
Kolya Sanych/Flickr.com
Fierce fighting took place on this hill on the right bank of the Volga in 1942–1943. In memory of the Battle of Stalingrad, Mamaev Kurgan was turned into memorial Complex, the heart of which is the sculpture “The Motherland Calls!” Its total height is 85 meters, and it is the tallest non-religious statue in the world.
Mamayev Kurgan is imbued with historical pain: over 35,000 defenders of Stalingrad are buried there. The best place to tell children about and show how beautiful the world is without her.
13. Sukko, Krasnodar region
fotki.yandex.ru
Sukko is a village 12 km from Anapa, surrounded by the Lysaya and Soldatskaya mountains. Small cozy resort with pebble beaches, clear sea And amazing nature. You can go for walks in the mountains, ride horseback and quad bikes, go paragliding or diving, or you can just sunbathe on the beach all day long.
14. Bolshoi Tkhach, Adygea/Krasnodar region
livejournal.com
Bolshoi Tkhach is a mountain 2368 m high in the Western Caucasus, on the watershed of the rivers Malaya Laba and White. Part of the same name natural park, which is included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. Translated from Adyghe “Thach” means “god”.
Mountain, hiking and cycling tourism are developed there. Tourists and speleologists also loved these places.
15. Elbrus, Kabardino-Balkaria
Kuster & Wildhaber Photography/Flickr.com
Elbrus is the most big mountain Russia and Europe. 5,642 meters above sea level! Elbrus is sung by poets and glorified by climbers. If climbing is too risky and difficult for you, come at least just to look at this giant.
In the Elbrus region you can inexpensively ride alpine skiing, drink Narzan mineral water and enjoy Caucasian hospitality with wines.
16. Egikal, Ingushetia
rossija.info
Egikal - a well-preserved medieval tower complex in Caucasus mountains. This is a museum under open air, which is part of the Dzheirakh-Assinsky State Historical, Architectural and Natural Reserve. the main objective trips there - inspection of ancient towers. They fit incredibly organically into the mountain landscape. And one of the battle towers, 27 meters high, has been preserved in almost perfect condition.
17. Kezenoyam, Chechnya/Dagestan
Alexxx Malev/Flickr.com
Kezenoyam is a lake on the southern slope of the Andean mountain range. It is the largest (1.7 square kilometers) and deepest (up to 74 meters) natural reservoir in the North Caucasus. Kezenoyam amazes with its transparency - on good days you can see trout frolicking on the bottom.
A sports and tourist complex with hotels, a restaurant, sports grounds, pier and boat station. In the warm season, the main entertainment there is fishing and walking. In winter you can go ice skating (the pond freezes) or skiing in the surrounding mountains.
18. Weathering pillars, Komi
wanderings.online
Weathering pillars or Mansi bobbleheads are mountain outcrops from 30 to 42 meters high, which were formed due to blowing mountain peaks strong winds. They are located on the Manpupuner plateau, on the territory of the Pechora-Ilychsky biosphere reserve.
Weathering pillars are considered one of the seven wonders of Russia and one of the most mysterious places in the world. You can get to them on foot, on skis or by helicopter.
19. Kungur Cave, Perm region
wanderings.online
Stalactites, stalagmites, huge grottoes with ice patterns and crystal clear lakes - all this is the Kungur Cave. It is located on the outskirts of the city of Kungur, which is a hundred kilometers from Perm. The age of the cave is about 10–12 thousand years, and the first written mentions of it date back to the 18th century. It is not surprising that during this time the cave became overgrown not only with stalactites, but also with legends.
One and a half kilometers of caves are available for visiting. You can get there every day from 9:00 to 16:00, and in the summer - until 18:00. A sightseeing tour costs 600-800 rubles, an individual tour costs 1,500 rubles.
20. Chusovaya, Chelyabinsk and Sverdlovsk regions/Perm region
gotoural.com
Rafting down the legendary Chusovaya River, which flows in the Middle Urals and flows into the Kama, is the dream of any hiker. What could be more extreme and romantic than a multi-day journey along picturesque rocky shores?
Rafting along Chusovaya in spring and summer. There are several routes of varying length and difficulty. During stops, you can explore local attractions, for example, the Miracle Cave or the ruins of the Gulag.
21. Taganay, Chelyabinsk region
visitural.info
Taganay National Park covers the territory from the ridges Southern Urals to the forest-steppes. The name is translated from Bashkir as “stand for the moon.” There are mountain tundra untouched by human hands, relict forests and moss bogs.
In the park you can go fishing on the Big Kialim. You can climb the Otkliknaya ridge and admire the Valley of Fairy Tales with its bizarre stone figures. Or just take a walk and take home gigabytes of amazing .
22. Kucherlinsky lakes, Altai
Tatiana Grozetskaya/depositphotos.com
Kucherlinsky lakes are three reservoirs in the Ust-Koksinsky region of the Altai Republic. The largest and most picturesque of them is located at an altitude of 1,790 meters. Emerald waters of glacial lakes and virgin nature breathtaking!
Kucherlinsky lakes are open to the public from May to September. Hiking enthusiasts can get there on their own, with tents and backpacks on their shoulders. Those who prefer a comfortable stay should book an overnight stay at one of the local camp sites. This usually includes transfers, excursions to lakes and all kinds of entertainment (sauna, horseback riding, etc.).
23. Putorana, Krasnoyarsk region
wanderings.online
Putorana is a plateau in the north-west of the Central Siberian Plateau. It is part of the reserve of the same name and is recognized by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site.
The Putorana plateau is huge - 250 thousand square kilometers. There are a huge number of waterfalls, cliffs, mountain lakes and rare endemics. This is one of the most beautiful and at the same time inaccessible places in Russia. It is almost impossible to get there on your own. It is safer to use a tourist transfer from Norilsk and book a place at a camp site located in the reserve itself.
24. Oymyakon, Yakutia
clamorworld.com
Oymyakon is a village in the east of the Republic of Yakutia. This is one of the “cold poles” of the planet - the most harsh place where people live. The temperature there in winter drops to minus 50–60 degrees. The absolute officially recorded minimum temperature in Oymyakon is –64.3 °C. But they say that in the winter of 1938 it was -77.8 °C in the village.
In summer, in Oymyakon, on the contrary, it is very hot. The air warms up to +30, and from May 24 to July 21, you can see white nights in the village.
The weather is the main “attraction” of Oymyakon. The village has local history museum, but the exposure is modest. So it’s better to go there in March-April, when the annual Pole of Cold festival takes place, or during the white nights to get plenty of fishing on Indigirka.
25. Lena Pillars, Yakutia
ecoyear.ru
The Lena Pillars are a forty-kilometer-long series of rocks on the banks of the Lena River. The height of some rock formations reaches 220 meters - about 400 thousand years. This is also the name of the local nature park.
For the sake of rafting along the picturesque cliffs and extraordinary nature Thousands of tourists from all over the world come here. You can look not only at this miracle of nature, but also take a walk around Tukulan, where scientists discovered the remains of a mammoth, an ancient bison and a rhinoceros.
26. Ivolginsky datsan, Buryatia
Lakur/depositphotos.com
Ivolginsky datsan is a Buddhist monastery consisting of ten temples, five suburgan stupas and houses of monks. On its territory one of the main Buddhist shrines is kept - the incorruptible body of Lama Itigelov.
The Ivolginsky datsan deserves attention because it stands out from the range of typical Russian attractions. It's worth a visit even if you're not religious. You can admire Sino-Tibetan architecture and learn more about Buddhist culture.
27. Baikal, Buryatia/Irkutsk region
wonderfulnature.ru
Among the Siberian hills and ancient forests, between Irkutsk and Ulan-Ude lies the most famous Russian lake. Baikal is unique - it is the deepest lake on the planet and the cleanest lake in the country. Here you can enjoy a huge amount endemics and breathtaking landscapes.
The most favorable time to visit Baikal is from May to October. The main resorts: Listvyanka (“the gates of Baikal”), Slyudyanka, Olkhon (the most famous Baikal island - its heart), Bolshiye Koty and Peschanaya Bay (“Baikal Riviera”). In each of these places you will find a lot of entertainment: from swimming and diving to fishing and meetings with shamans.
28. Chara Sands, Trans-Baikal Territory
rulandinfo.ru
The Chara sands are giant dunes and basins, stretching over 50 square kilometers in the foothills of the Kodar ridge. One of the seven wonders of Transbaikalia. The sandy massif in the middle of the deciduous taiga and swamps looks like a mirage, but it is more than real. Even more amazing is the fact that the sands are moving. They are gradually moving from southwest to northeast.
People come here to see and photograph the Transbaikal desert with their own eyes.
29. Tyatya, Sakhalin region
rossija.info
Tyatya (translated from Japanese as “father mountain”) is an active volcano on the island of Kunashir. It is part of the Kuril Nature Reserve. Tyatya is considered one of the most beautiful volcanoes, after Fuji and Vesuvius. And he is one of the most active in the Kuril Islands. It has some amazing craters.
It is worth a visit to feel the power of nature. In the Kuril Nature Reserve you can enjoy the beauty of rare animals, as well as thermal springs.
30. Valley of Geysers, Kamchatka Territory
nat-geo.ru
The Valley of Geysers is one of the world's largest fields with underground hot springs. 90 geysers and 110 thermal springs on four square kilometers. Every now and then, multi-meter hot fountains soar upward. An amazingly beautiful sight!
The Valley of Geysers is part of the Kronotsky State Biosphere Reserve. Its visit is limited (only as part of an organized tourist group), but it is worth it to get to Kamchatka and get permission.
The beauty of Russia does not end there. Continue our list in the comments. Write which places in our country you consider the most beautiful and why.
Plant nutrition.
Plant nutrition.
Plants are the only living things on Earth
organisms capable of organic matter
create organic.
create organic.
Work of Ponomareva N.M., biology teacher and
Chemistry VOOSH No. 9
Chemistry VOOSH No. 9
Mineral nutrition
Mineral nutrition
plants.
plants.
From soil through roots to plants
From soil through roots to plants
water enters and dissolved in
it contains mineral salts, i.e.
it contains mineral salts, i.e.
mineral nutrition occurs.
In the suction zone of the root with
In the suction zone of the root with
participation of absorbed solutions
mineral salts and
mineral salts and
organic substances,
organic substances,
coming from the leaves (glucose),
chemicals are actively in progress
chemicals are actively in progress
processes. Here they are synthesized
complex chemical substances, from
which then build proteins,
vitamins, growth substances
vitamins, growth substances
Most of all the plant needs
Most of all the plant needs
nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus. Rest
substances are required in small
quantities.
quantities.
Like plants
Like plants
absorb nutrients
absorb nutrients
substances.
substances.
Water and minerals
Water and minerals
salts enter
salts enter
plant through
plant through
root hairs. From
root hairs. From
root hair water
root hair water
enters neighboring
enters neighboring
cells and then into
cells and then into
tracheids and vessels
tracheids and vessels
roots and along them under
roots and along them under
pressure rises
pressure rises
to other organs. This
to other organs. This
the process is called
the process is called
root pressure.
root pressure.
Stoma.
Stoma.
On the underside
On the bottom side
leaves in terrestrial
leaves in terrestrial
plants are located
plants are located
stomata. Stomata
stomata. Stomata
formed by two
formed by two
closing
closing
cells and cleft
cells and cleft
between them. Through
between them. Through
stomatal fissure in a leaf
stomatal fissure in a leaf
air penetrates and
air penetrates and
evaporation occurs
evaporation occurs
water.
water.
Chloroplasts.
Chloroplasts.
Chloroplasts are
Chloroplasts are
green plastids,
green plastids,
located in
located in
pulp cells
pulp cells
leaf. Color
leaf. Color
chloroplasts
chloroplasts
depends on
depends on
contained in
contained in
them pigment -
them pigment -
chlorophyll.
chlorophyll.
Light.
Light.
Mandatory
Compulsory
condition for life
condition for life
plants is
plants is
light. Organic
light. Organic
green substances
green substances
plants are capable
plants are capable
create from
create from
inorganic,
inorganic,
using light
using light
energy.
energy.
Photosynthesis.
Photosynthesis.
Photosynthesis is
Photosynthesis is
education process
education process
organic matter
organic matter
V green leaves on
in green leaves on
light from the water and
light from the water and
carbon dioxide. At
carbon dioxide. At
this stands out
this stands out
oxygen,
oxygen,
necessary for
necessary for
breath of all living things
breath of all living things
organisms.
organisms.
Photosynthesis is underway
In the light all year round
And he gives it to people
Food and oxygen
A very important process -
Photosynthesis, friends
Without him on Earth
We can't get by.
Fruits, vegetables, bread,
Coal, hay, firewood -
Photosynthesis for everything
This one has a head.
The air will be clean, fresh,
How easy it is for them to breathe!
And the ozone layer
Will protect us
Test.
Test.
1. Photosynthesis occurs...
1. Photosynthesis occurs...
A) in the stomata;
A) in the stomata;
B) in the intercellular spaces;
B) in the intercellular spaces;
B) in chloroplasts.
B) in chloroplasts.
2. During the process of photosynthesis,…
A) absorption of oxygen and release of water and carbon dioxide;
A) absorption of oxygen and release of water and carbon dioxide;
B) absorption of carbon dioxide and formation of oxygen.
B) absorption of carbon dioxide and formation of oxygen.
3. Starch, formed in leaves during photosynthesis, is...
A) spare nutrient, which supplies all organs
A) a reserve nutrient that is supplied to all organs
plants;
plants;
B) a metabolic by-product released during external environment.
B) a metabolic by-product released into the external environment.
4. Starch, formed in leaves during photosynthesis, is needed
plant for..
plant for..
A) releasing it into the external environment;
A) releasing it into the external environment;
B) supplying it to all parts of the plant
B) supplying it to all parts of the plant
Answers:
Answers:
1B; 2B; 3A; 4B.
1B; 2B; 3A; 4B.
The nature of Russia is our main wealth. In our country we have both the highest mountain in Europe and the most big forest, and most big swamp, there is a pink lake and the most unusual desert.
1. Baikal
Baikal is the deepest lake in the world (1642 meters). It ranks first in the world among freshwater lakes by volume fresh water(19% of world reserves). There is more of it than in all five Great Lakes combined. If suddenly all the water on Earth disappears, Baikal will be able to provide water to humanity for five years.
2. Valley of Geysers
There are about 100 geysers in the Valley of Geysers, 20 of them are large. They are comparable in size to the hot springs of Iceland, Yellowstone National Park and New Zealand. Their uniqueness is that they are located in a small area (only 5 km along the Geysernaya River).
3. Krasnoyarsk pillars
There is such a phenomenon - “stolbism” - a fanatical desire to conquer Krasnoyarsk rock climbing without insurance. The pillars are located 3-7 km from Krasnoyarsk, there are more than a hundred of them and each has its own name. Their age is 500 million years.
Their height reaches 90 meters. The uniqueness of the pillars is that a reserve was created here back in 1925, on the territory of which there are about 1,300 species of plants, 58 species of mammals, and 199 species of birds. Every year to admire Krasnoyarsk pillars About 200 thousand tourists come.
4. Vasyugan swamps
This is the world's largest swamp system in the north of the Tomsk region on the plateau between the Ob and Irtysh. The age of the swamps is 10 thousand years. The area is more than 53 thousand km², the length of the swamps from west to east is 573 kilometers.
Every year the swamp captures new territories. It is a source of water, a reservoir of oil and gas, peat, an area of untouched nature inhabited by rare species birds and animals.
5. Komi Forest
The primeval forest of Komi became the first natural object Russia, recognized by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site. This is a huge untouched natural area (15% of the territory of the Komi Republic).
The uniqueness of the forest is that nature here has retained its original appearance. Not long ago, gold deposits were discovered in the Komi forest. But the state decided that virgin forest more expensive than gold, so its production was frozen.
6. Vottovaara
The mountain in Karelia is called the “Russian Stonehenge”. There are megaliths, lakes, fancy trees and even a stone staircase. Vottovaara is called “Stonehenge” because of the seids, the huge stones that are located here.
There are several versions of their appearance. According to one of them, the subsidence of the glacier led to this arrangement of stones, according to another, the reason was an earthquake that occurred here BC. Some scientists believe that seids are of artificial origin and had a cult purpose among the Sami.
7. Weathering pillars
The weathering pillars on Mount Manpupuner in Komi are also called “Mansi balvans”. These are 7 rocks with a height of 32 to 42 meters. They are called weathering pillars because 200 million ago there were mountains here, but over time they collapsed, exposing the remains hard rocks. Previously, these stone sculptures were worshiped by the Mansi; today the pillars are a unique and inaccessible geological monument.
8. Elbrus
Elbrus is a volcano in the western part of the Caucasus range, which has been inactive for about 2 thousand years. Its height is 5642 meters. This is the most high mountain Caucasus, the highest mountain in Europe and highest point Russia.
Elbrus is covered by 23 glaciers, the area of which is more than 130 square kilometers. Elbrus supplies water to almost the entire North Caucasus. Its glaciers give life to three large rivers - Kuban, Malku and Baksan.
9. Lena Pillars
The Lena Pillars are located only 140 km from Yakutsk (for those places this is a trifling distance). In their current form, they appeared 400 thousand years ago, as a result of the uplift of the Siberian platform, which made river valleys more profound.
Some of the pillars reach a height of 150 meters. For geologists, the Lena Pillars are a real find: among these rocks many rare fossils of extinct animals are found, for example, a mammoth, a woolly rhinoceros, and a Lena horse.
10. Putorana Plateau
The Putorana Plateau is located in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. The name translated from Evenki means “lakes with steep banks.” Its length is almost 500 km, and its area is 250 thousand km², which is comparable to the size of Great Britain. The closest city to the plateau, Norilsk, is located 300 km away.
Putorana Plateau - unique nature reserve. There are 25 thousand lakes and a lot of animals, which is not typical for these northern latitudes. Included in the UNESCO World Heritage List.
11. Curonian Spit
The Curonian Spit is an almost 100-kilometer narrow strip of land that separates the Curonian Lagoon from everything else. Baltic Sea. And on it are dunes. The drifting dunes on the Curonian Spit are the highest in Europe (from 30 to 60 meters). Between 10 and 20 million birds fly over the coma every spring and fall. The Curonian Spit is also unique for its “ dancing forests" Since 2000, the Curonian Spit has been included in the UNESCO World Heritage List.
12. Kungur Cave
The Kungur Ice Cave is one of the largest in the world and the only cave in Russia specially equipped for excursions. It is located in the Urals, between Perm and Yekaterinburg.
The age of the Kungur Ice Cave is almost 10-12 thousand years. Total length The corridors are about 6000 meters, and the length of the tourist path is 1.5 km. The cave has 58 halls and about 70 lakes. Some grottoes reach 50-100 meters in length and 20 meters in height.
13. Lake Trinity
You cannot swim in Trinity Lake on the Maly Semyachik volcano - it has a very high concentration of sulfur and acid. This “water” can even corrode aluminum oar blades. This lake has a very bright color- bright green - due to the combination of hydrogen particles with acids.
Due to cracks at the bottom, the depth of Trinity Lake is constantly changing. The temperature also changes - from 20 to 60 degrees.
14. Uzon Caldera
The Uzon caldera in Kamchatka is a unique natural monument and object of biogeocenosis. There is a rich flora and fauna here, but the local lakes are especially impressive. One of them is filled with weak sulfuric acid, mercury and sulfur are released around the others. Minerals are formed literally before our eyes. The most interesting thing is that these lakes are also inhabited, bacteria that produce acid live in sulfuric lakes, archaea live in others - one of ancient forms life, and thionic bacteria.
15. Lake Elton
Elton is a closed self-sedating lake in the Palla region Volgograd region, the largest salt lake in Europe with medicinal brine and mud. The largest mineral lake in Europe by area. Its mineralization is 1.5 times higher than in the Dead Sea. Due to the algae Dunaliella salina contained in the water, the color of the lake is reddish. Since the time of Ivan the Terrible, Elton has been used for salt extraction.
16. Zeygalan Waterfall
Zeygalan waterfall in North Ossetia- the highest waterfall in Europe. Its height is more than 600 meters. Most Europeans, however, don’t even know about it and consider the Swiss Rheinfalls Falls to be the highest. Zeygalan, originates in one of the gorges at an altitude of 4000 meters. Geologists say that this unique natural circus, on the slopes of which waterfalls are born, is the crater of an ancient volcano.
17. Lake Proval
The unique and one-of-a-kind Lake Proval is located inside the Mashuk laccolith mountain in Pyatigorsk. The diameter of the cave in the form of a tapering funnel with a lake at the bottom is as much as 15 meters at its widest point, and its height is 41 meters.
Due to the sulfur and bacteria contained in the water, the water in the lake is bright turquoise. Its temperature ranges from 26 degrees above zero.
18. Rotten Mountain
Rotten Mountain is the largest mud volcano (vomit) in the Russian Caucasus. It is located near Temryuk. Of course, it can be called a mountain with some exaggeration. This plateau is more than a kilometer in diameter, and there are cones and vents on it.
Despite the not very appetizing name, the mud of the Rotten Mountain vomit is not only safe (their temperature is no more than 14 degrees), but also medicinal.
19. Crater lake Elgygytgyn
Elgygytgyn means “non-freezing.” This Chukotka lake is unique in that it has never frozen over in all 3 and a half million years of its history. Therefore, its bottom sediments are indispensable soil samples for scientists, which can tell about geological history. In this regard, Elgygytgyn has no analogues in the world.
Slide 2
In Russia, Lake Baikal is the deepest and largest in area.
Slide 3
Baikal is the largest freshwater lake in Eurasia. Tectonic basin (Baikal rift). During the construction of the Irkutsk reservoir, the level was raised by 0.8 m, but this had little effect on the area: the banks are steep. The deepest lake in the world. Until the end of the 50s of the twentieth century. the depth was given on maps and in textbooks as 1741 m, then it was recognized as erroneous and they began to indicate 1620 m. Lately, making more and more amendments to the instrument readings, they give values of 1632, 1637 and 1642 m; the last figure is confirmed by studies conducted by reputable scientific organizations; we will accept it.
Slide 5
The most “frozen” of the large lakes in Russia is Lake Taimyr
There is ice on it for ten months of the year. In some places the lake freezes to the bottom. Even in the summer, at the most warm time, the water temperature in the lake does not rise above 5-7 degrees.
Slide 6
The most “changeable” river in direction is...
Slide 7
SShuya flowing from Lake Suoyarvi in Karelia: 15-20 times a year it changes its flow and runs back into the lake. This is explained by the periodicity of the activity of the springs that feed the river and lake. When the “boiling” of the springs weakens, the water level in the lake drops and the river rushes back.
Slide 8
The highest tides are observed in the Sea of Okhotsk
The height of tidal waves reaches 13 meters.
Slide 9
The northernmost archipelago on our planet is Franz Josef Land, located north of the 80th parallel
Slide 10
The highest waterfall in Russia is Ilya Muromets.
Slide 11
The highest waterfall in Russia is located in the northeast of Iturup Island in the Kuril ridge. Here mountain river takes a giant leap from a cliff into the sea. A powerful jet of water falls from a height of 141 meters. The giant waterfall is named Ilya Muromets
Slide 12
The coldest place in Russia is Yakutia
Slide 13
There, in the Oymyakon region, a temperature of minus 71 degrees was recorded. The greatest fluctuation in air temperature between winter and summer is also observed there: 102 degrees. Minus 71 degrees in winter and plus 31 degrees in summer.
Slide 14
The longest river in Russia - Ob
Slide 15
Leaks in Western Siberia. Its length with the Irtysh tributary and Gulf of Ob is 5410 kilometers. The addition, frankly speaking, is incorrect, since part of the Ob and the entire Irtysh are taken. The Ob itself is only 3,650 kilometers long.
Everyone knows that Russia is the most big country in the world. But we decided to collect others amazing records of our state.
Record holders for length
The state border of Russia is one and a half times longer equator. The longest border between Kazakhstan and Russia is approximately 7.5 thousand kilometers. The shortest one is with China (less than 40 kilometers).
The longest railway is also in Russia. This is the Trans-Siberian Railway, which stretches for 9289 kilometers. Great Siberian Way connects Moscow and Vladivostok, and since October 18, 1916, you can get from one end of the country to the other across Russian territory.
It is not surprising that the construction of such a gigantic railway generated other records. Thus, the longest railway tunnel in the country is 15,343 meters. The Severomuisky tunnel took 26 years to build and is located on the territory of Buryatia.
The longest river in Russia is the Lena. She is also one of the top ten long rivers in the world.
The longest bridge in the country is located in Ulyanovsk (5825 meters). The Presidential Bridge spans the Volga and connects its right and left banks; it is also one of the longest bridges in Europe.
Height record holders
The most high building Europe is located in Moscow, this is the “Federation Tower” with a height of 374 meters.
In Russia there is also the highest mountain in Europe - Elbrus, it rises 5642 meters.
Well, if you leave the Caucasus aside, there are other impressive mountains: for example, Klyuchevaya Sopka. The height of this active volcano 4835 meters.
Russia is also rich in waterfalls. True, no one fully knows the final indicators of the highest: the 600-meter Talnikovy waterfall is located on the Putorana plateau, one of the most inaccessible places not only in Russia, but also in the world.
If we talk about human creations, the highest “artificial” waterfall rises 242 meters above the ground. This is the dam of the Sayano-Shushenskaya hydroelectric power station, which is located on the Yenisei.
Record holders for depth
Russia has the deepest metro in the world. The St. Petersburg Metro has 67 stations, and 60 of them are deep (from 22 to 86 meters). The deepest of them is Admiralteyskaya, which goes 86 meters underground.
Another man-made record holder - “Well to Hell” or Kola ultra-deep well. It was drilled to a depth of 12 kilometers and 262 meters to study the deep structure of the Earth. Just imagine Everest and Mariana Trench less.
But of course, we should not forget about another Russian record holder and our heritage - Lake Baikal. This is the deepest lake on the planet and one of the largest natural reservoirs of fresh water, maximum depth equal to 1642 meters.
Record holders for area
The area of Russia is 17,125,191 square kilometers. This is approximately twice more territory Canada, China or USA.
In Russia there is also the most large region in the world - the Republic of Sakha. Yakutia is larger than Kazakhstan and equal to approximately three Egypts or six Spains.
Largest lake in the world is also located in Russia (as well as on the territory of Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Iran and Azerbaijan) - this is the Caspian Sea. Its area (371,000 sq. km) more area Germany.
The largest island of Russia is located in the Far East. Sakhalin approximately equal to area Czech Republic (76,400 km² versus 78,866 km²).
And the largest peninsula of Russia is Taimyr. It is larger than Norway or Japan.
On the territory of Russia there is also largest reserve in the world - Big Arctic Reserve. Its area is 41,692 sq. km., and it is larger than the Netherlands (41,526 sq. km.)
In Western Siberia, between the Ob and Irtysh rivers there are Vasyugan swamps. Their area is 53 thousand square kilometers, and they are one of the largest on the planet. For comparison, Denmark has an area of 41,000 sq. km.