What is the difference between training and a military unit? Assembly point and training
It was first elected at the Second All-Russian Congress of Soviets on November 8 (October 26, old style) 1917, chaired by Vladimir Lenin, as a provisional workers' and peasants' government (until the convening of the Constituent Assembly). The management of individual branches of state life was carried out by commissions. Government power belonged to the board of chairmen of these commissions, that is, the Council of People's Commissars. Control over activities people's commissars and the right to remove them belonged to the All-Russian Congress of Soviets of Workers', Peasants' and Soldiers' Deputies and its Central Executive Committee (CEC).
After the dissolution of the Constituent Assembly, the Third All-Russian Congress On January 31 (January 18, old style), 1918, the Soviets decided to abolish the name Soviet government the word "temporary", calling it the "Workers' and Peasants' Government of the Russian Soviet Republic".
According to the Constitution of the RSFSR of 1918, adopted by the Fifth All-Russian Congress of Soviets on July 10, 1918, the government was called the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR.
In connection with the formation of the USSR in December 1922, a union government was created - the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR, chaired by Vladimir Lenin (first approved at the second session of the USSR Central Executive Committee in July 1923).
In accordance with the Constitution of the USSR of 1924, the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR was the executive and administrative body of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR, formed by a resolution of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR for the term of office of the Central Executive Committee, the Council of People's Commissars of the union and autonomous republics - the Central Executive Committee of the corresponding republics. The Council of People's Commissars of the USSR was supposed to regularly report on the work done at the Congresses of Soviets of the USSR and sessions of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR.
The competence of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR included the organization of direct management of the national economy and all other sectors of state life. This leadership was carried out through central sectoral bodies - non-unified (union) and united (union-republican) People's Commissariats of the USSR. The Council of People's Commissars of the USSR supervised the activities of the People's Commissariats, reviewed their reports, and resolved disagreements between individual departments. He approved concession agreements, resolved disputes between the Councils of People's Commissars of the Union republics, considered protests and complaints against the decisions of the Council of Labor and Defense of the USSR and other institutions under it, against the orders of the People's Commissars, approved the staff of all-Union institutions, and appointed their leaders.
The responsibility of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR included the adoption of measures to implement the national economic plan and state budget and to strengthen the monetary system, to ensure public order, to exercise general management in the field of external relations with foreign countries and etc.
Legislative work was also entrusted to the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR: it preliminary considered draft decrees and resolutions, which were then submitted for approval by the Central Executive Committee of the USSR and its presidium; from the beginning of the 1930s, all bills had to be previously submitted for consideration to the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR, although this was not provided for by the constitution .
The 1936 Constitution added to the definition of the seat of government in state mechanism. The Council of People's Commissars of the USSR was defined as "the highest executive and administrative body state power". In the Constitution of 1924 the word "supreme" was absent.
According to the Constitution of the USSR of 1936, the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR, the Council of People's Commissars of the union and autonomous republics were formed, respectively, by the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, the Supreme Councils of the union and autonomous republics.
The Council of People's Commissars of the USSR was formally responsible to the Supreme Soviet of the USSR (SC) and accountable to it, and in the period between sessions of the Supreme Council it was responsible to the Presidium of the USSR Supreme Council, to which it was accountable. The Council of People's Commissars could issue decrees and orders binding on the entire territory of the USSR on the basis of and in execution current laws and check their implementation.
Orders, as state acts, began to be issued by the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR in 1941.
To successfully implement the functions assigned to it, the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR could create committees, directorates, commissions and other institutions.
Subsequently, a large network of special departments for various industries public administration operating under the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR.
The chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR were Vladimir Lenin (1923-1924), Alexei Rykov (1924-1930), Vyacheslav Molotov (1930-1941), Joseph Stalin (1941-1946).
IN post-war period In order to introduce names generally accepted in international state practice, by the law of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of March 15, 1946, the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR was transformed into the Council of Ministers of the USSR, and the People's Commissariats into ministries.
The material was prepared based on information from RIA Novosti and open sources
Since the Jewish topic has already been touched upon, I’ll post one piece of material that still hasn’t found its place. The issue of Jewish representation in the upper echelons of Soviet power is very vibrant to this day. Even I could not resist his seductive charms. Once I read the famous book “One Hundred and Forty Conversations with Molotov” by F. Chuev and one moment really confused me. Here it is: “They say it was the Jews who made the revolution, not the Russians. - Well, few people believe in this. True, in the first government, in the Politburo, the majority were Jews.” A very strange statement, because who, if not the “stone ass”, knows the true state of affairs - but here you go. And you can’t blame it on sclerosis.
In general, this is a very common misconception among very general public- that Jews constituted the majority in the Soviet leadership. I even read similar things from other friends of mine. I’ll say right away that the majority - both at the top of the party and in the government - has always been Russian. However, foreigners - including Jews - had a very wide representation in certain periods. ABOUT national composition In principle, quite a lot has already been written by the party leadership, but regarding the government, I have only seen analyzes revolving around the first composition of the Council of People's Commissars (although, I must admit, I was not particularly interested in the plot itself). So I had the idea to dig around and find out how many Jews were part of the Soviet government. At the end of the search, the following article turned up: Jews in the leadership of the USSR (1917-1991). I thought that it exhausted the topic, and was very saddened for wasting my time, but not without pleasure I discovered that in relation to the government the text contained, albeit minor, omissions, and decided to abandon the work. But now, I think, I have brought it to the end, and I present the results to the public.
I’ll say right away that I was only interested in the composition of the Council of People’s Commissars of the RSFSR (1917-22) and the Council of People’s Commissars/CM of the USSR. Wikipedia tells us that “Before the creation of the USSR in 1922 and the formation of the Union Council of People's Commissars, the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR actually coordinated the interaction between the Soviet republics that arose on the territory of the former Russian Empire.” Therefore, our chronological framework will cover the years 1917-1991. As for personalities, I will present it in the form of a simple chronological list - in dynamics it is somehow easier to perceive.
TROTSKY Lev Davydovich (BRONSTEIN Leiba Davidovich)
People's Commissar for foreign affairs RSFSR (November 1917 - March 1918).
People's Commissar for Military and Naval Affairs of the RSFSR/USSR (August 1918 - January 1925).
People's Commissar of Railways of the RSFSR (March-December 1920).
Chairman of the Main Concession Committee under the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR (June 1925 - 1927).STEINBERG Isaac Zakharovich (Yitzkhok-Nachmen Zerahovich)
People's Commissar of Justice of the RSFSR (December 1917 - March 1918).SVERDLOV Veniamin Mikhailovich (Binyamin Movshevich)
People's Commissar of Railways of the RSFSR (January-February 1918).GUKOVSKY Isidor Emmanuilovich
People's Commissar for Financial Affairs of the RSFSR (March-August 1918).LYUBOVICH Artemy Moiseevich
Acting People's Commissar of Posts and Telegraphs of the RSFSR, USSR (March 1920 - May 1921, November 1927 - January 1928).DOVGALEVSKY Valerian Savelievich (Saulovich)
People's Commissar of Posts and Telegraphs of the RSFSR (May 1921 - July 1923).SHEINMAN Aron Lvovich
Chairman of the Board of the State Bank of the RSFSR, USSR (October 1921 - December 1924, January 1926 - October 1928).
People's Commissar of Internal Trade of the USSR (December 1924 - November 1925).KAMENEV (ROSENFELD) Lev Borisovich
Deputy Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR/USSR (September 1922 - January 1926).
People's Commissar of Foreign and Domestic Trade of the USSR (January-November 1926).
Chairman of the Main Concession Committee of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR (May 1929 - October 1932).SOKOLNIKOV Grigory Yakovlevich (DIAMOND Girsh Yankelevich)
People's Commissar of Finance of the RSFSR/USSR (October 1922 - January 1926).YAKOVLEV (EPSTEIN) Yakov Arkadievich
People's Commissar of Agriculture of the USSR (December 1929 - April 1934).RUKHIMOVICH Moisey Lvovich
People's Commissar of Railways of the USSR (June 1930 - October 1931).
People's Commissar defense industry USSR (December 1936 - October 1937).LITVINOV Maxim Maksimovich (WALLAH-FINKELSTEIN Meer-Genoch Moiseevich)
People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs of the USSR (July 1930 - May 1939).KALMANOVICH Moisey Iosifovich
Chairman of the Board of the State Bank of the USSR (October 1930 - April 1934).
People's Commissar of Grain and Livestock State Farms of the USSR (April 1934 - April 1937).ROSENGOLTZ Arkady Pavlovich
People's Commissar foreign trade USSR (November 1930 - June 1937).
Head of the Department of State Reserves under the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR (August-October 1937).SHUMYATSKY Boris Zakharovich
"People's Commissar of Cinematography": Chairman of Soyuzkino, Head of the Main Directorate of the Film Industry, Chairman Government controlled film and photo industry under the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR (November 1930 - January 1938).GOLTSMAN Abram Zinovievich
Head of the Main Civil Directorate air fleet under the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR (February 1932 - September 1933).GOLOSCHYOKIN Philipp Isaevich (Shaya Isaakovich)
chief state arbiter at the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR (February 1933 - October 1939).KLEINER Israel Mikhailovich (Srul Meilikhovich)
Chairman of the Committee for Procurement of Agricultural Products under the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR (April 1934 - December 1936).
People's Commissar of Procurement of the USSR (December 1936 - August 1937).MARYASIN Lev Efimovich
Chairman of the Board of the State Bank of the USSR (April 1934 - July 1936).WEITZER Israel Yakovlevich
People's Commissar of Internal Trade of the USSR (July 1934 - October 1939).YAGODA Genrikh Grigorievich (YEHUDAH Enoch Girshevich)
People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the USSR (July 1934 - September 1936)
People's Commissar of Communications of the USSR (September 1936 - April 1937).KAGANOVICH Lazar Moiseevich
People's Commissar of Railways of the USSR (May 1935 - August 1937, April 1938 - March 1942, February 1943 - December 1944).
People's Commissar of Heavy Industry of the USSR (August 1937 - January 1939).
Deputy Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars/CM of the USSR (August 1938 - May 1944, December 1944 - March 1953).
People's Commissar of the Fuel Industry of the USSR (January-October 1939).
People's Commissar oil industry USSR (October 1939 - July 1940).
Minister of Industry building materials USSR (March 1946 - March 1947).
chairman State Committee Council of Ministers of the USSR on material and technical supply of the national economy (January 1948 - October 1952).
First Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (March 1953 - June 1957).
Chairman of the State Committee of the USSR Council of Ministers on Labor and Labor Issues wages(May 1955 - May 1956).
Minister of Construction Materials Industry of the USSR (September 1956 - July 1957).KAMINSKY (GOFMAN) Grigory Naumovich
Chief Sanitary Inspector of the USSR (1935 - June 1937).
People's Commissar of Health of the USSR (July 1936 - June 1937).KRUGLIKOV Solomon Lazarevich
Chairman of the Board of the State Bank of the USSR (July 1936 - September 1937).KHALEPSKY Innokenty Andreevich
People's Commissar of Communications of the USSR (April-August 1937).
Special Representative of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR for Communications (August-November 1937).BRUSKIN Alexander Davidovich
People's Commissar of Mechanical Engineering of the USSR (October 1937 - June 1938).KAGANOVICH Mikhail Moiseevich
People's Commissar of the Defense Industry of the USSR (October 1937 - January 1939).
People's Commissar of the Aviation Industry of the USSR (January 1939 - January 1940).GILINSKY Abram Lazarevich
People's Commissar Food Industry USSR (January-August 1938).GINZBURG Semyon Zakharovich
Chairman of the Committee for Construction Affairs under the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR (March 1938 - May 1939).
People's Commissar for Construction of the USSR (June 1939 - January 1946).
People's Commissar for the Construction of Military and Naval Enterprises of the USSR (January 1946 - March 1947).
Minister of Construction Materials Industry of the USSR (March 1947 - May 1950).DUKELSKY Semyon Semyonovich
Chairman of the Committee for Cinematography under the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR with the rank of People's Commissar (March 1938 - June 1939).
People's Commissar navy USSR (April 1939 - February 1942).BELENKY Zakhar Moiseevich
acting chairman of the Commission of Soviet Control under the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR (May 1938 - April 1939).ANCELOVICH Naum Markovich
People's Commissar of the Forestry Industry of the USSR (October 1938 - October 1940).PEARL Polina Semyonovna (KARPOVSKAYA Pearl Semyonovna)
People's Commissar of the Fishing Industry of the USSR (January-November 1939).VANNIKOV Boris Lvovich
People's Commissar of Armaments of the USSR (January 1939 - June 1941).
People's Commissar of Ammunition of the USSR (February 1942 - August 1945).
People's Commissar/Minister of Agricultural Engineering of the USSR (January-June 1946).
Head of the First Main Directorate under the Council of People's Commissars/CM of the USSR (August 1945 - March 1953).COUNTRYWOMAN (ZALKIND) Rosalia Samoilovna
Deputy Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR (May 1939 - August 1943).
Chairman of the Commission of Soviet Control under the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR (May 1939 - September 1940).MEHLIS Lev Zakharovich
Deputy Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR (September 1940 - May 1944).
People's Commissar/Minister of State Control of the USSR (September 1940 - June 1941, March 1946 - October 1950).ZALTSMAN Isaac Moiseevich
People's Commissar of the Tank Industry of the USSR (July 1942 - June 1943).RAISER David Yakovlevich (Usherovich)
Minister of Construction of Heavy Industry Enterprises (May 1950 - March 1953).
Minister of Construction of Metallurgical and chemical industry USSR (April 1954 - May 1957).DYMSHITTS Veniamin Emmanuilovich
Head of the Capital Construction Department of the USSR State Planning Committee - Minister of the USSR (June 1959 - April 1962).
First Deputy Chairman of the USSR State Planning Committee - Minister of the USSR (April - July 1962).
Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (July 1962 - December 1985).
Chairman of the State Planning Committee of the USSR (July - November 1962).
Chairman of the National Economic Council of the USSR (November 1962 - October 1965).
Chairman of the State Committee of the USSR Council of Ministers for Material and Technical Supply (October 1965 - June 1976).VOLODARSKY Lev Markovich (GOLDSTEIN Leiba Mordkovich)
Head of the Central Statistical Directorate under the Council of Ministers of the USSR, Central Statistical Directorate of the USSR (August 1975 - December 1985).KOTLYAR Nikolay Isaakovich
Minister of Fisheries of the USSR (January 1987 - November 1991).RAEVSKY Vladimir Abramovich
Acting Minister of Finance of the USSR (November 1991 - March 1992).
As can be seen from the list, in terms of government representation best years for the people studied were the first approximately 30 years of the communist regime.
Other authors (both yes and no), when listing Jews in the Soviet government, often include among them representatives of other peoples, mostly, funny as it may seem, Russians. The reasons for this are not clear to me personally - in most cases the origin can be established quite easily from reference literature and there is absolutely no need, in this situation, to voluntarily get into a puddle. But this phenomenon exists. I met the following “false Jews” from the People’s Commissars:
Efim Slavsky (born into a Ukrainian peasant family);
Rodion Malinovsky (his origins are very murky: the son of a Ukrainian cook, his father is unknown - they assume that he is from the Karaites, but these are not Jews, although they are Jews; the marshal’s daughter claims that her grandfather is “ Russian prince»);
Isidor Lyubimov (both Vaksberg and Solzhenitsyn list him as a Jew, although he was born a Bolshevik in the family of a Kostroma peasant. Apparently, the name is confusing);
Pavel Yudin (son of a Tula worker. The surname seems to be confusing here);
Ivan Teodorovich (from a Polish noble family);
Abraham Zavenyagin (others called Abram, although he is Abraham; son of a machinist railway station V Tula region);
Mikhail Frinovsky (from the family of a Penza teacher);
Vasily Rulev-Schmidt (from a poor family - father a peasant, mother a German cook);
Nikolai Krestinsky (“Molotov” touchingly notes: “...apparently ex-Jew, it seems, baptized, that’s why Krestinsky. But maybe I'm wrong. Master, such a master.” I could take an interest and find out that the master is from a noble family);
Georgy "Lomov" Oppokov (also from the nobility).
Rumors persistently circulate about Andropov’s Jewish origin - it’s truly amazing! However, while there is no direct reliable information, we will believe official biography. In a similar way, Filipp Goloshchekin was included in the list, rather due to inertia - there is no documentary evidence of his “real name” and Jewish origin. But this one, since no one is arguing, let it be for now.
Another question arises about Khrushchev’s Ministry of Agriculture, Mikhail Olshansky - here he is, he doesn’t really correspond to the stereotype of Jewish appearance, and his surname is Belarusian in origin. It seems that no questions should arise, but the minister’s birthplace, Sarny, was at the beginning of the twentieth century. So in this case, the grandmother said two things in the literal sense. If anyone has confirmation or refutation of this guess, I would be very grateful.
Perhaps it is still worth dispelling a well-known misconception - despite numerous statements by publicists of the “Black Hundred” trend, the Bolshevik “tribune” Volodarsky, who was killed in the spring of 1918 in Petrograd, was never a member of the Council of People’s Commissars of the RSFSR (although he is credited with the fictitious post of “People’s Commissar for Press, Propaganda and Agitation” "). The fact is that after the Bolsheviks came to power, local councils began to form their own councils of people’s commissars, following the example of the center. And so Volodarsky was a member of the board of commissioners of the Union of Communes of the Northern Regions - there he was the commissioner for press, propaganda and agitation. That is, he is a regional “minister”, nothing more.
However, you will still find the surname “Volodarsky” in the list presented - just not at the beginning, but quite at the end. And for good reason: the statistician - younger brother St. Petersburg "newspaper dictator". This is how it happens in life :o)
This was the situation in the Council of Deputies with people's commissars and ministers Jewish nationality. As you can see, nothing is really out of the ordinary, everything is quite decent. Much more decent than in sovereign and then independent Russia, where for 21 years only 12 people from this people were included in supreme body executive power. So to national policy The current government needs to take a closer look! ;O)
ZY Of course, the representation of Jews at the government level is not limited to the named persons - there were people’s commissars “from them” in the Union republics, but this already requires a separate special immersion. The topic of Jewish leaders of the sectoral headquarters of other giant People's Commissariats also requires a separate special dive - these departments for the most part by the end of the 30s, during the Stalinist inflation of staff, took shape as independent People's Commissariats. The list of residents of the “Government House” shows that at this level the representation of Jews was much wider - approximately like with the “authorities”, the list of heads of local branches of which in the 20-30s speaks, in general, for itself. But, again, you need to study separately.
Plan
Introduction
1 General information
2 The legislative framework Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR
3 The first composition of the Council of People's Commissars Soviet Russia
4 Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR
5 People's Commissars
6 Sources
Bibliography
Introduction
Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR (Sovnarkom of the RSFSR, SNK of the RSFSR) - the name of the government of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic with October revolution 1917 to 1946. The Council consisted of people's commissars who led the people's commissariats (People's Commissariats, NK). After the formation of the USSR analogous body was created at the union level.
1. General information
The Council of People's Commissars (SNK) was formed in accordance with the "Decree on the establishment of the Council of People's Commissars", adopted by the II All-Russian Congress of Soviets of Workers', Soldiers' and Peasants' Deputies on October 27, 1917.
The name "Council of People's Commissars" was proposed by Trotsky:
Power in St. Petersburg has been won. We need to form a government.
What should I call it? - Lenin reasoned out loud. Just not ministers: this is a vile, worn-out name.
It could be commissioners, I suggested, but now there are too many commissioners. Perhaps high commissioners? No, “supreme” sounds bad. Is it possible to say “folk”?
People's Commissars? Well, that'll probably do. What about the government as a whole?
Council of People's Commissars?
The Council of People's Commissars, Lenin picked up, is excellent: it smells terrible of revolution.
According to the Constitution of 1918, it was called the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR.
The Council of People's Commissars was the highest executive and administrative body of the RSFSR, having full executive and administrative power, the right to issue decrees having the force of law, while combining legislative, administrative and executive functions.
The Council of People's Commissars lost the character of a temporary governing body after the dissolution of the Constituent Assembly, which was legally enshrined in the Constitution of the RSFSR of 1918.
Issues considered by the Council of People's Commissars were decided by a simple majority of votes. The meetings were attended by members of the Government, the chairman of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, the manager and secretaries of the Council of People's Commissars, and representatives of departments.
The permanent working body of the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR was the administration, which prepared issues for meetings of the Council of People's Commissars and its standing commissions, received delegations. The administrative staff in 1921 consisted of 135 people. (according to data from the Central State Archive of the Russian Federation of the USSR, f. 130, op. 25, d. 2, pp. 19 - 20.)
By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR of March 23, 1946, the Council of People's Commissars was transformed into the Council of Ministers.
2. Legislative framework of the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR
According to the Constitution of the RSFSR of July 10, 1918, the activities of the Council of People's Commissars are:
management common affairs RSFSR, management of certain branches of management (Articles 35, 37)
· issuing legislative acts and taking measures “necessary for the correct and fast current state life." (v.38)
The People's Commissar has the right to individually make decisions on all issues within the jurisdiction of the commissariat, bringing them to the attention of the collegium (Article 45).
All adopted resolutions and decisions of the Council of People's Commissars are reported to the All-Russian Central Executive Committee (Article 39), which has the right to suspend and cancel a resolution or decision of the Council of People's Commissars (Article 40).
17 people's commissariats are being created (in the Constitution this figure is indicated erroneously, since in the list presented in Article 43 there are 18 of them)..
· on foreign affairs;
· on military affairs;
· on maritime affairs;
· By internal affairs;
· Justice;
· social security;
· education;
· Posts and telegraphs;
· on nationalities affairs;
· for financial matters;
· ways of communication;
· agriculture;
· trade and industry;
· food;
· State control;
· Supreme Council National economy;
· health care.
Under each people's commissar and under his chairmanship, a collegium is formed, the members of which are approved by the Council of People's Commissars (Article 44).
With the formation of the USSR in December 1922 and the creation of an all-Union government, the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR became the executive and administrative body of state power of the Russian Federation. The organization, composition, competence and order of activity of the Council of People's Commissars were determined by the Constitution of the USSR of 1924 and the Constitution of the RSFSR of 1925.
WITH at this moment The composition of the Council of People's Commissars was changed in connection with the transfer of a number of powers to allied departments. 11 people's commissariats were established:
· domestic trade;
· finance
· Internal Affairs
· Justice
· education
health care
· agriculture
social security
The Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR now included, with the right of a decisive or advisory vote, representatives of the USSR People's Commissariats under the Government of the RSFSR. The Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR allocated, in turn, permanent representative under the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR. (according to information from the SU, 1924, N 70, art. 691.) Since February 22, 1924, the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR and the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR have unified management affairs. (based on materials from the USSR Central State Archive of Ordinance, f. 130, op. 25, d. 5, l. 8.)
With the introduction of the Constitution of the RSFSR on January 21, 1937, the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR was accountable only to the Supreme Council of the RSFSR, and in the period between its sessions - to the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR.
Since October 5, 1937, the composition of the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR has included 13 people's commissariats (data from the Central State Administration of the RSFSR, f. 259, op. 1, d. 27, l. 204.):
· Food Industry
· light industry
timber industry
· agriculture
grain state farms
livestock farms
· finance
· domestic trade
· Justice
health care
· education
local industry
social security
Also included in the Council of People's Commissars is the Chairman of the State Planning Committee of the RSFSR and the head of the Department of Arts under the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR.
3. The first composition of the Council of People's Commissars of Soviet Russia
· Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars - Vladimir Ulyanov (Lenin)
· People's Commissar for Internal Affairs - A. I. Rykov
· People's Commissar of Agriculture - V. P. Milyutin
· People's Commissar of Labor - A. G. Shlyapnikov
· People's Commissariat for Military and Naval Affairs - committee, consisting of: V. A. Ovseenko (Antonov) (in the text of the Decree on the formation of the Council of People's Commissars - Avseenko), N. V. Krylenko and P. E. Dybenko
· People's Commissar for Trade and Industry - V. P. Nogin
· People's Commissar of Public Education - A. V. Lunacharsky
· People's Commissar of Finance - I. I. Skvortsov (Stepanov)
· People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs - L. D. Bronstein (Trotsky)
· People's Commissar of Justice - G. I. Oppokov (Lomov)
· People's Commissar for Food Affairs - I. A. Teodorovich
· People's Commissar of Posts and Telegraphs - N. P. Avilov (Glebov)
· People's Commissar for Nationalities - I. V. Dzhugashvili (Stalin)
· Post People's Commissar on railway matters he remained temporarily unsubstituted.
The vacant post of People's Commissar for Railway Affairs was later filled by V.I. Nevsky (Krivobokov).
4. Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR
5. People's Commissars
Deputy Chairmen:
· Rykov A.I. (from the end of May 1921-?)
· Tsyurupa A. D. (12/5/1921-?)
· Kamenev L. B. (Jan. 1922-?)
Foreign Affairs:
· Trotsky L. D. (26.10.1917 - 8.04.1918)
· Chicherin G.V. (05/30/1918 - 07/21/1930)
For military and naval affairs:
· Antonov-Ovseenko V. A. (26.10.1917-?)
· Krylenko N.V. (26.10.1917-?)
· Dybenko P. E. (26.10.1917-18.3.1918)
· Trotsky L. D. (8.4.1918 - 26.1.1925)
Internal Affairs:
· Rykov A.I. (26.10. - 4.11.1917)
· Petrovsky G.I. (11/17/1917-3/25/1919)
· Dzerzhinsky F. E. (30.3.1919-6.7.1923)
· Lomov-Oppokov G.I. (26.10 - 12.12.1917)
· Steinberg I. Z. (12.12.1917 - 18.3.1918)
· Stuchka P.I. (18.3. - 22.8.1918)
· Kursky D.I. (22.8.1918 - 1928)
· Shlyapnikov A. G. (10/26/1917 - 10/8/1918)
· Schmidt V.V. (8.10.1918-4.11.1919 and 26.4.1920-29.11.1920)
State charity (from 26.4.1918 - Social Security; On November 4, 1919, the NKSO was merged with the NK of Labor, and on April 26, 1920 it was divided):
· Vinokurov A. N. (March 1918-11/4/1919; 4/26/1919-4/16/1921)
· Milyutin N.A. (acting People's Commissar, June-6.7.1921)
Enlightenment:
· Lunacharsky A.V. (26.10.1917-12.9.1929)
Posts and telegraphs:
· Glebov (Avilov) N. P. (10/26/1917-12/9/1917)
· Proshyan P. P. (12/9/1917 - 03/18/1918)
· Podbelsky V.N. (11.4.1918 - 25.2.1920)
· Lyubovich A. M. (24.3-26.5.1921)
· Dovgalevsky V. S. (26.5.1921-6.7.1923)
For nationalities affairs:
· Stalin I.V. (26.10.1917-6.7.1923)
Finance:
· Skvortsov-Stepanov I. I. (26.10.1917 - 20.1.1918)
· Brilliantov M. A. (19.1.-18.03.1918)
· Gukovsky I. E. (April-16.8.1918)
· Sokolnikov G. Ya. (11/23/1922-1/16/1923)
Communication routes:
· Elizarov M. T. (11/8/1917-1/7/1918)
· Rogov A. G. (24.2.-9.5.1918)
· Nevsky V.I. (25.7.1918-15.3.1919)
· Krasin L. B. (30.3.1919-20.3.1920)
· Trotsky L. D. (20.3-10.12.1920)
· Emshanov A. I. (12/20/1920-4/14/1921)
· Dzerzhinsky F. E. (14.4.1921-6.7.1923)
Agriculture:
· Milyutin V.P. (26.10 - 4.11.1917)
· Kolegaev A.L. (11/24/1917 - 3/18/1918)
· Sereda S.P. (3.4.1918 - 10.02.1921)
· Osinsky N. (Deputy People's Commissar, 24.3.1921-18.1.1922)
· Yakovenko V. G. (18.1.1922-7.7.1923)
Trade and Industry:
· Nogin V.P. (26.10. - 4.11.1917)
· Smirnov V. M. (25.1.1918-18.3.1918)
This term has other meanings, see Council of People's Commissars. additional information: List of people's commissariats of the USSR Council of People's Commissars of the USSR (Sovnarkom of the USSR, SNK of the USSR) ... Wikipedia
Council of People's Commissars of the USSR- THE COUNCIL OF PEOPLE'S COMMISSIONERS OF THE USSR (SNK USSR), in accordance with the Constitution of the USSR of 1936, the highest executive. and will order. state body authorities of the USSR, compare the accountable Armed Forces of the USSR. The war brought legal status Council of People's Commissars of the USSR made some adjustments. The military situation... ... Great Patriotic War 1941-1945: encyclopedia
Council of People's Commissars: Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR Council of People's Commissars of the USSR ... Wikipedia
RSFSR Council of People's Commissars of the USSR ... Wikipedia
This term has other meanings, see Council of People's Commissars. Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR (SNK RSFSR) ... Wikipedia
IN AND. Lenin, first chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the Russian Soviet Republic and the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR Council of People's Commissars (abbr... Wikipedia
- (Sovnarkom of the RSFSR, Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR) the name of the government of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic from the October Revolution of 1917 to 1946. The Council consisted of people's commissars, in fact, ministers who led the people's ... ... Wikipedia
- (SNK) in 1917 1946 the name of the highest executive and administrative bodies of state power of the USSR, union and autonomous republics. In March 1946 they were transformed into Councils of Ministers. According to the Constitution of the USSR of 1936, the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR was formed... ... Legal dictionary
Council of People's Commissars- (Sovnarkom, SNK) government of the Soviet state from 1917 to 1946. 10/26/11/8/1917 The Second All-Russian Congress of Soviets of Workers’ and Soldiers’ Deputies decided: “To form for the governance of the country, until the convening of the Constituent... ... Encyclopedia of Law
- (Sovnarkom, SNK), in 1917 46 the name of the government in the USSR, union and autonomous republics. In March 1946 they were transformed into the Councils of Ministers... Modern encyclopedia
Books
- , Ezhukov Evgeniy Lavrentievich. The history of protecting and guarding Russia's borders goes back more than 1000 years. Since the emergence of the Russian state, the need arose to protect its borders. However, after the Great October Revolution...
- Border guards of Russia from St. Vladimir to Nicholas II, Ezhukov, Evgeniy Lavrentievich. The history of protecting and guarding Russia's borders goes back more than 1000 years. Since the emergence of the Russian state, the need arose to protect its borders. However, after the Great October Revolution...