A seagull walking on the sand promises melancholy to the sailor. Marine signs and superstitions
FORECASTING WORSE WEATHER
A major success is made up of manyplanned and thoughtful details
V. O. Klyuchevsky
So, the day is approaching when you will finally be able to go to sea. To ensure safe sailing, you need to know the weather forecast. In modern conditions, there are many opportunities to get a weather forecast: from radio and television to the Internet and mobile phone. At the same time, a forecast is transmitted over a wide area by radio, which at some points may not correspond to reality, so it is necessary to constantly monitor the meteorological situation and clarify the weather forecast based on local conditions.
The main idea of forecasting various meteorological elements and phenomena is the assumption that with the movement of air masses and fronts, their characteristic weather conditions are also transferred. Therefore, understanding the basics of meteorology will help make sailing safer. To make a weather forecast, it is necessary to determine in which air mass the observer is currently located, which air mass is approaching the observation location, and what is the mobility of the air masses. To answer these questions, it is necessary to measure temperature, pressure, air humidity, determine the value of the baric tendency, the shape and number of clouds, and analyze changes in the basic parameters of the atmosphere. But often it is not possible to make measurements, and then the only source is visual observations. What signs can be used to predict worsening weather? The most important visual signs are possessed by the main “culprits” of weather changes - atmospheric fronts.
The first and most reliable of the visual signs is the state of the sky, and, above all, cloudiness. Secondly, the wind can indicate a possible change in the weather: a change in its direction, a change in speed. It is also necessary to pay attention to changes in such details of the surrounding world as the color of the dawn, the color of the sky, what the Sun looks like during the day, and at night the Moon and stars, on the behavior of animals and birds. All these little things are evidence of processes occurring in the atmosphere and from them one can judge what weather changes should be expected. It should only be remembered that all such conclusions can only be approximate, but in no way categorical. When updating the weather forecast based on local conditions, you must keep in mind the following: general rules :
the more signs indicate a change or continuation of the weather, the greater the reliability of the forecast;
one sign is not always an unconditional harbinger of a particular phenomenon;
- if several signs contradict each other, then unstable weather should be expected;
the slower the change in the phenomenon observed as a local sign occurs, the slower the weather change will occur and the longer it will last.
Clouds will first of all tell you about a possible worsening of the weather and the need to change plans. Cloudiness itself does not have a direct impact on the safety of navigation; its significance is that it serves as a sign of the air mass, and therefore the weather in the area.
Here, among the clear sky, light cirrus clouds appeared, Cirrus (Ci) - transparent clouds in the form of thin white threads or a veil with a silky sheen, not giving a shadow. Take a closer look: Cirrus (Ci) individual or intertwined, thin, almost motionless clouds , not shaped like hooks, claws or lumps at the end ; their number does not increase; appear in the afternoon and melt in the evening after the disappearance of cumulus clouds (Cu). It can be expected that anticyclonic weather will last 12 hours or more
Naturally, human interest in the weather is reflected in the language of peoples, proverbs, sayings and folk signs. The international experience of sailors resulted in a number of signs about the weather, which, for easier memorization, were presented in poetic form, for example for this situation:
When are the contours soft?,
Then all storms are far away.
The same principle corresponds to light cumulus clouds Cu with well-defined dome-shaped, reminiscent of “cotton wool” or “cauliflower” tops and flat bases, almost motionless or moving slowly, appear around 9-10 o’clock local time, reaching their greatest development at 15-16 o’clock,disappear in the evening; clear at night. These are the so-calledfair weather clouds. Some people compare them to sheep running across the sky, others say that they look like pieces of cotton wool scattered across the sky, and still others see them as something completely different. These are the most volatile clouds. Their lifetime is from 5 to 40 minutes. What they have in common is a flat base and specific sharp boundaries. Fair weather clouds expand slightly vertically. If other signs do not contradict this, we can expect that anticyclonic weather will last for 12 hours or more .
If the number of cirrus clouds increases, they purchasemelting appearance of hooks or threads with a claw or lump at the front end; go at an angle to the ground wind; do not disappear in the evening and gradually clouding the sky, a transition to cyclonic weather should be expected .
The average speed of movement of baric formations is 50 km/h, so when you see the first white claws that cover the entire sky, there is every reason to expect worsening weather: increased wind and precipitation in 12-24 hours(the distance from the front is approximately 700 - 600 km).
If the contour of the clouds is sharp, -
Be prepared to face the storm.
Are the lambs running across the sky?
Or they sweep the sky with brooms,
If your spar is high.
Leave only the topsails and the foresails.
If the number of cirrus clouds (Ci) does not increase or they gradually disappear, and the base of cirrus clouds (Ci) is often visible moving along the horizon, depression passes by.
Now we need to carefully watch whether other frontal clouds will follow them.
Gradually the cloud density increases, cirrostratus clouds Cirrostratus (Cs); Veil clouds are a whitish translucent veil in the upper troposphere, usually fibrous, sometimes blurry, covering the entire sky; light phenomena are often observed in these clouds: Sometimes halo , sometimes pillars near the luminaries.A halo is the refraction and reflection of light in the ice crystals of the upper clouds; introducingThey are light or rainbow circles around the Sun or Moon, separated from the luminary by a dark gap.( To observe the halo, it is enough to cover the Sun with your hand outstretched palm, then at the fingertips you can see part of the shiny circle that was formed by the sun's rays passing through the veil of cirrostratus cloud. This circle is usually faintly colored in the same colors as the rainbow, but in the opposite order).
Crowns. In the presence of a thin veil of clouds around the Sun and Moon, bright rainbow rings appear, called crowns. Crowns also appear around artificial light sources in the fog, and they have more rainbow colors than the crowns around the Sun and Moon. Rainbow crowns around the Sun and Moon with dim colors, gradually decreasing in size, - a sign of an approaching warm front or occluded front: prolonged severe weather can be expected. And vice versa, the crowns around the Sun and Moon with a bright rainbow color, increasing in size, - a sign of the onset of clear, calm, anticyclonic weather. A decrease in the diameter of the crown is a sign of inclement weather, an increase is a sign of clearing, cessation of precipitation, and the establishment of good weather.
A gradual decrease in the brightness and blueness of the sky, an increase in the whitish spot near the Sun, clouding of the sky near the horizon, deterioration in visibility - a sign of the approach of a warm front or a warm-type occlusion front. A clear visibility of the Moon with an apparently bulging disk indicates high humidity and is a sign of deteriorating weather.
When observing the indicated light phenomena, one can expect precipitation in 24 hours.
If a continuous or almost continuous blanket of cirrostratus clouds (Cs) covers part of the sky, with a clearly defined as if cut by a knife edge(sometimes with individual cirrus clouds Ci in front of it), and the area free from the veil does not decrease - one can expect that in the observation area precipitation within the next 6-12 hours there won't be, depression passes by. After some time, altocumulus (Ac) clouds appear in the sky - white, gray or white-gray clouds of the lower and middle layers of the troposphere. They look like layers and ridges, as if built from plates, rounded masses, shafts, flakes lying on top of each other, the individual parts of which change slowly. These clouds come in many varieties.
The most important of them are altocumulus turretulata clouds representing a cluster of small mid-level cumulus clouds in the form of small towers located in regular rows and giving the cloud a jagged character. They indicate air instability at this level. We can expect a transition to cyclonic weather, but most often within the next 12 hours.
If a continuous veil of As is observed (sometimes "milky" Sun) appearing immediately following cirrostratus clouds (Cs), precipitation should be expected during the next 6-12 hours.
The density of the cloud cover increases, and stratocumulus (Sc) clouds appear in the sky - a low, heterogeneous layer of clouds, in the form of gray or white layers and ridges, almost always with a darker base, consisting of large round or swell-like shapes with lighter spaces between them (Sc opacus). Often Sc are formed due to the spreading and merging of the tops of abundant cumulus clouds formed during the day - Cu.
If the clouds gather and fly quickly, -
Soon all your gear will crack;
If they start to tear off into shreds, -
Install the topsails, you shouldn’t be afraid of them.
There are ten different types of stratocumulus clouds, of which the most interesting is Umniformes.
To be expected transition to cyclonic weather already within next 6 hours.
With the described sequence of cloud development, the passage of a warm front should be expected. At the same time, it is necessary to pay attention to other external signs of approaching atmospheric fronts. So, the direction of the wind changes to the left, the wind intensifies. Appears specificcolor of the sky at sunrise and sunset. The presence of clouds at sunset indicates a disruption in the diurnal cycle of cloudiness (with a pronounced diurnal cycle of cloudiness in the anticyclone, clouds disappear in the evening), which is a harbinger of a change in weather to cyclonic.
If the sun went down into the water,
Wait for good weather.
If the Sun has set in a cloud,
Be careful, you'll get in trouble.
Crimson-red tones of dawn indicate a large amount of water vapor in the lower layers of the atmosphere and are observed mainly in the front part cyclone, foreshadowing the transition to inclement weather, i.e. to the imminent attack of a strong winds and precipitation in the next 6-10 hours.
Predominance of golden and pink tones of dawn indicates a small amount of water vapor in the lower layers of the atmosphere. This is observed in the rear part of the cyclone or in the central part of the anticyclone, foreshadowing clear, dry weather:
If the sky is “red” in the evening,
A sailor has nothing to fear
If it’s “red” in the morning,
The sailor doesn't like it.
There is a contrast here dawn“red”, in the sense of beautiful (golden) and crimson.
The color of the sky and visibility, depending largely on the size of particles in the air, make it possible to judge the state of the atmosphere and upcoming weather. On this based on a number of local characteristics: whitish sky during the day, average or poor visibility indicate the presence of a large amount of water vapor, condensation products and dust in the troposphere, i.e. here passes the periphery of the anticyclone, in contact with the cyclone; We can expect a transition to cyclonic weather in the next 6-12 hours.
Appearance in the sky rainbows is indisputable evidence of rain falling, illuminated by the sun's rays from behind the observer. Morning rainbow indicates an approaching area of precipitation from the west that could cover our area. An evening rainbow observed in the east indicates that the precipitation zone has already passed the area and does not foreshadow bad weather:
We looked at the picture of the approaching warm front. At approaching cold front the weather is deteriorating significantly faster . But also the first signs of worsening weather is the appearance of a type of cirrus cloud: cirrocumulus clouds.
Cirrocumulus clouds (Cc) are ridges or layers of thin white clouds of the upper troposphere, in the form of relatively large lumps or balls, appearing together with moving cirrus clouds Ci or cirrostratus clouds Cs.
If the number of cirrocumulus clouds Cc increases gradually, We should expect showery precipitation followed by cold temperatures . If the number of cirrocumulus clouds Cc does not increase or they gradually disappear, the depression passes by.
Swiftly rushing across the sky, cirrocumulus and altocumulus clouds (lamblets) indicate rapid approach cold front and associated squally and gusty winds, this is also indicated by cirrus clouds in the form of brooms appearing at the tops of cumulonimbus clouds (cirrus claws are visible, flake-like, dense):
Are the lambs running across the sky?
Or they sweep the sky with brooms,
If your spar is high.
Leave only the topsails and the foresails.
Be careful: expect a storm
And watch the barometer
Scientists now count about 600 species of animals and 400 species of plants that can act as barometers, indicators of humidity and temperature, predictors of storms, storms and the best cloudless weather.
Seabirds are more sensitive to weather changes, therefore, when bad weather approaches, the seabird tries to stay closer to the shore.
Seagulls, since they are on their way to the shore, -
The wind is healthy, believe me, it will blow.
In good weather, a seabird flies into the open sea, anticipating worsening weather, stays close to the shore or flies to land, where food (seafood) will be thrown out by a storm:
A seagull walks on the sand,
It promises melancholy to the sailor,
And until he sits in the water,
Expect stormy weather.
Thus, Signs of worsening weather in the next 24 hours are:
The appearance of cirrus claw-shaped clouds moving rapidly from the horizon to the zenith, which are gradually replaced by cirrostratus clouds, turning into a denser layer of altostratus clouds;
The appearance of “halos” and small crowns;
The appearance of false Suns, mirages, etc.;
Cirrus and cirrostratus clouds move to the right of the direction of the land wind;
Movement of clouds of the lower and upper tiers in different directions;
Morning dawn is bright red in color;
In the evening the sun sets into thickening dense clouds;
Strong twinkling of stars at night;
Increased visibility, increased refraction - the appearance of objects from beyond the horizon;
Increased audibility in the air;
Increasing waves, swell and waves begin to go against the wind;
There is no dew at night and in the morning;
Atmospheric pressure gradually decreases in the absence of a diurnal cycle;
The daily variation of air temperature, humidity and wind is disrupted.
If the forecast for worsening weather does not change your plans, or due to circumstances, you have not yet reached your destination, you are faced with the task of forecasting hydrometeorological conditions over the next few hours. But read about this in the next article.
Everyone has a few weather signs that they trust. But does the habit of associating certain phenomena with the weather always have a scientific basis? Do birds really have a premonition of what the day will be like, and lightning doesn't strike the same place twice?
The sky is red in the evening - the sailor has nothing to fear, the sky is red in the morning - the sailor is not to his liking
For sailors and shepherds, red skies at dawn or dusk are due to sunlight being scattered by moisture or dust particles as it travels through the thickest part of the atmosphere.
Believe it or not, there is some truth to this old sailor's adage.
Reddening of the night sky is caused by a large number of dust particles entering the atmosphere at high pressure, which usually means good weather.
Red skies in the morning at sunrise could mean high pressure is moving away and a low pressure system will bring altocumulus or cirrus clouds with thunderstorms.
If you live in a large city where smog is likely, you should be aware that any aerosol in the air can give it a reddish tint at sunrise or sunset. As the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration notes, for sailors the omen is usually true only at latitudes from 30 to 60 degrees.
A seagull walks on the sand - it promises melancholy to the sailor; a seagull sits on the water - wait for good weather
Many birds have increased weather sensitivity, including to changes in air pressure. And the saying about seagulls may well be true.
Low pressure systems usually predict stormy weather, which may be why gulls and other species gather on land or fly lower before storms.
The amazing ability of birds to predict the weather has not been fully revealed, but it has been observed more than once. For example, in 2014, golden-winged warblers were observed migrating from Tennessee to Florida earlier than usual, days before severe storms caused numerous tornadoes. According to National Geographic, the researchers' hypothesis is that the warblers were able to pick up low-frequency infrasonic noises produced by the storms while they were still far away.
You can hide under a tree from a thunderstorm
Some people believe that they will be safe by hiding under a tree during a thunderstorm. But in fact, this is the worst thing you can think of. Lightning is five times hotter than the surface of the Sun, and even the shortest strike carries a huge amount of energy. In addition to setting the trees on fire, the high temperature from the discharge evaporates all the water in the trunk when the current passes. This causes the water to expand, sometimes tearing off parts of the bark or causing a small explosion.
If you know that a tree has already been struck by a thunderstorm, do not be fooled by the old saying “lightning does not strike twice in the same place.” Lightning reaches to higher places and can strike the same place as many times as desired. For example, the Empire State Building in New York City is struck by lightning an average of 23 times a year.
During a thunderstorm, you should not take a bath or answer the phone.
In your home, you are generally protected from lightning—with a few exceptions.
First, the story about not taking a bath or shower during a thunderstorm is actually plausible. MythBusters tried it out with a dummy, and the simulated lightning actually went through the metal pipes into the shower.
The team reported that the instrument was unable to measure current in the dummy, but the electrical arc started the fire. There have also been several cases of people being injured while using plumbing during a thunderstorm.
Additionally, using a phone with a cord in bad weather can also lead to disaster. According to them, at least two people die every year in the United States because of this.
For cell phones that do not have a power cord, the risk is minimal. Although a 2006 study provided evidence that people have been struck by lightning due to the use of cell phones. Other scientists have questioned this claim, according to Livescience.
In severe frost it cannot snow
Most people think that snow needs moisture, and cold days are drier, meaning precipitation is less likely.
However, the facts do not support this theory. Even when it seems like it's too cold outside and there's not enough moisture in the air, it can still snow.
For example, Antarctica is the coldest and driest continent on Earth, but it receives an average of about 200 mm of precipitation annually in coastal areas and 50 mm in the dry interior of the mainland. So the chance of precipitation is indeed lower as temperatures drop, but it is there.
Since ancient times, weather sayings have been circulating among sailors from different countries, which are generalizations of observations of the sea, atmosphere and celestial bodies. These sayings, rhymed for better memorization, are still alive today. The author of translations of many such poems from English and other languages was D. A. Lukhmanov. And it is difficult to meet a sailor or a resident of the sea coast who does not know that:
If the seagulls landed in the water,
Wait for good weather.
If they walk on sand,
The sailors are promised sadness.
It is known that seabirds can fly hundreds of miles from the coast, returning to their nesting grounds only in the evening. But before a storm, many of them certainly return to the coast, and this is a fairly accurate sign of a change in weather.
Birds keep their way to the shore,
The wind is healthy, believe me, it will blow!
If the sky at sunset is clear, glowing with gold and purple, and at sunrise it is hazy and colored pale pink, in the summer you need to wait for a clear, warm and quiet day, and in the winter - a calm day with even frost.
If the sky is red in the evening -
A sailor has nothing to fear...
A bright, clean morning dawn, clear air at sunrise and an invigorating breeze portend worsening weather. Usually, after such a dawn, the sky becomes cloudy in the first half of the day, and a strong wind rises, which in mid-latitudes is often accompanied by rain and snow in winter.
The sky is red in the morning -
The sailor doesn't like it.
A cloudless sunset is a sure sign of good, low-wind weather.
If the sun sets in the water -
Wait for good weather.
If the sun has set in a cloud -
Watch out, you'll get in trouble!
By the general appearance, shape of the clouds and the nature of their movement, one can also judge the expected weather.
If the outline of the clouds is sharp,
Be prepared to face the storm!
When their contours are light,
Then all the winds are far away...
If the clouds gather and fly quickly,
Soon all your gear will crackle.
If they start to tear to shreds,
The weather will soon begin to improve.
Cirrus clouds covering the sky with white lines indicate established good weather, stratus clouds indicate calm weather, perhaps foggy or foggy, cumulus clouds are the usual companions of dry weather and cold, but not very strong winds, rain clouds are always accompanied by warm winds and damp weather. ...
If the clouds pile up
In the form of towers or rocks,
Soon the rain will burst
A fierce squall will come.
Cirrus clouds scattered high across the sky or quickly running “lambs” are an accurate sign of approaching strong and cold winds. Cirrus clouds arranged in rays in the sky indicate that the wind will blow from the point from which these rays diverge.
Are “lambs” running across the sky?
Or they sweep the sky with brooms,
Be careful: expect a storm
And keep an eye on the barometer.
If a squall begins with rain, then it will be short-lived, but very dangerous, and if it begins with wind, “the rain will overcome the wind” and it will subside.
Rain before, wind after
Expect a flurry of all sorts of troubles.
After the wind the rain will come -
This means that the squall will pass soon.
When the barometer came to the aid of the sailors, new quatrains appeared. Small and rapidly changing pressure fluctuations do not threaten serious weather changes, but a slow drop in atmospheric pressure (or the same increase) should alert a sailor.
The arrow jumps up and down -
It's just a whim of the weather.
If the movements are slow,
Wait a long time for changes.
A very rapid drop in atmospheric pressure usually foreshadows imminent weather deterioration, in particular strong squally winds, thunderstorms or heavy rainfall.
If the arrow suddenly fell,
Expect thunderstorms, rain or squalls.
If the arrow rises,
Then the weather improves.
At low pressure, a renewed drop in the barometer indicates the passage of frequent cyclones and the rapid movement of associated fronts, which are usually accompanied by strong winds.
When the barometer is low, the needles drop
Requires attention and vigil at sea.
And then the skipper will only fall asleep peacefully,
If the arrow goes high and upward.
An increase in atmospheric pressure with a low position of the barometer needle is fraught with strong squally winds.
When the barometer is low, the first rise:
We are undoubtedly expecting healthy squalls.
If high atmospheric pressure has established (in the Northern Hemisphere), expect dry, clear weather in the summer, possibly with easterly or northeasterly winds of medium strength, and frost in the winter. A rapid rise in atmospheric pressure above normal in good weather warns of a storm from the eastern half of the horizon.
The arrow climbs upward stubbornly,
Not wanting to rest,
You can wait then, no doubt,
What will blow from Ost!
As time passed, a barograph appeared in the chart room, and maritime folklore responded to this invention. A decrease in pressure, marked by a curve on the barograph tape, entails a slight deterioration in the weather. If a slow drop in pressure changes to a faster one (the barogram curve curves upward), this indicates a change from one air mass to another, accompanied by increased wind.
If the pressure decreases,
Watch the curve:
If it bends upward,
Expect fresh winds.
If the convexity is downwards
The line is heading
The weather is just whims,
And there won't be a damn thing.
The change from a rapid increase in pressure to a slow one (the barograph curve is convex upward) portends the approach of the central part of an anticyclone or a high pressure spur accompanied by good weather. The barograph curve, convex downward as pressure increases, characterizes the passage of a cold front, which is often accompanied by increased wind with gusts and squalls.
Well, but when the pressure
Begins to increase
That's the opposite phenomenon
You can often see:
The curve bends upward -
To little wind, calms;
It turns downward in an arc -
Mostly to the winds.
Perhaps knowledge of these simple poetic sayings will help those whose lives are connected with changeable, capricious and formidable seas and oceans.
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lBYB NBNNNB, VETEZ LBKZBO, LPCB LBCHB, UPVBLB YOH, LB-LY-LH-L-LP... oOB-OH-OH-OH-OP... zBZY-ZH-ZZ-ZP!
lPMPULPCH VShchM HRTSN Y LMSMUS, YuFP ЪBZPCHPTYF RP-SRPOULY DP RETCHPZP UOEZB. VPMSHYE FPZP, BY KHVEDYM VPGNBOB Y NEOS ЪBOYNBFSHUS ETSEDOECHOP RP YUBUKH RETED PFVPEN.
lB-LY-LH-L-LP! ZPCHPTYM PO, UFHUB NEMLPN RP DPULE. pMEEHL, OE ЪЧБКФЭ! CHUS YFKHLB CH KHYUFYCHSHCHI RTYUFBCHLBI. NOTBCHEG VHDEF RPYUFEOOOSCHK NETBCHEG... yRYPO ZPURPDYO RPYUFEOOOSCHK YRYPO...
ON CHLMBDSHCHBM CH KHTPLY CHUA DKHYKH, OP OH VPGNBO, OH S OE NPZMY HSUOIFSH, RPYENH "RTPUFKhDYFSHUS" POBYUBEF "OBDHFSHUS CHEFTPN", B "UEUFSH" "RPCHEUYFSH RPYUFEOOHA RPSUOY GC."
with UBN CHUFTEYUBM ZHTBSCH DMYOPK NEFTPCH RP UFP Y FBLYE ЪBLTHYUEOOSCH, YUFP VEЪ LPNRBUB RTPUFP CHSHCHVTBFSHUS OECHPNPTSOP. rP-TKHUULY, OBRTYNET, ULBUBFSH PYUEOSH MEZLP: “s UFBTYE VTBFB ABOUT DCHB ZPDB”, B RP-SRPOULY LFP VKhDEF ЪCHHYUBFSH FBL: “uFP LBUBEFUS NEOS, FP, PRYTBSUSH ABOUT UCHPEZP RPYUFEO OPZP VTBFB, WITH DCHE YFHLY CHCHETI.”
uOBYUBMB DEMP OE LMEYMPUSH: MEZUE OBTSBFSH URKHULPCHPK LTAYUPL, YUEN RTYUFBCHYFSH L UMPCHH "VBODIF" YUBUFYGH "RPYUFEOOSHCHK". OP NSCH VSHMY FETREMYCHSHY HTSEL RSFPNH HTPLH CHNEUFP RPOSPHOPZP ABOUT CHUEI SJSCHLBI: “UFPR! pFLTPA PZPOSH!” NPZMY ULBYBFSH OBTBURECH, RP-FPLYKULY ZKHODPUS: “p RPYUFEOOOSCHK OBTKHYYFEMSH! YuFP LBUBEFUS CHBU, FP, PRYTBSUSH ABOUT ZPURPDYO RKHMENEF, RTPYKH PUFBOPCHYFSHUS YMY RTYOSFSH RPYUFEOOHA RKHMA.”
NSH OE TSBMEMY HYUBUFYYY CHUFBCHMSMY YI RPUME LBTSDPZP UMChB, RPFPNKH UFP CHETSMYCHPUFSH CH TBZPCHPTE OYLPZDB OE CHTEDYF... OBN U VPGNBOPN FTHDOP UKhDYFSH PV KHUREYBI, PDOBLP lPMPULPCH CHUETSHE KHCHETSM: EUMY ZPCHPTYFSH ULTPZPCHPTLPK Y DETSBFSHUS OE VMYTSE DCHHI NYMSH, OBY SSCHL CHRPMOE UPKDEF JB SRPOULYK.
YEUFPK HTPL OE UPUFPSMUS. CHEFET HRBM FBL CHOEBROP, FPYuOP X lHTYMSHULYI PUFTPPCHPCH ЪBLTSCHMY CHSHHAYLPK FTHVH. UTBH CHSHCHRTSNYMYUSH DETECHSCHS, UBLTYUBMY ULCHPTGSCH, CHSHUPLP CHULYOHMUS DSHCHN, Y LPTBVMY PDYO UB DTHZYN UFBMY CHSCHIPDYFSH YJ BCHBUYOULPK VHIFSCH OBCHUFTEYUKH CHUE E EE LTHROPK CHPMOE.
YUETE DCHB YUBUB NSCH HCE RPDIPDYMY L NSHCHUH yYRHOULPNH YuETOPK LBNEOYUFPK ZTSDE, PFPTPYUEOOOPK CHSHCHUPLYNY VHTHOBNY. lPZDB-FP ЪDEUSH URKHULBMPUSH CH NPTE OEULPMSHLP ZPTOSHI PFTPZPCH, OP CHEFET Y CHPMOSCH TBTHYMYMY LBNEOSH; FERTSH RP PVE UFPTPOSCH NSCHUB FPTUBF FPMSHLP PUFTSHCHE RMBCHOIL, FPYuOP ABOUT NEMSH UEMB U TBVEZKH UFBS LBUBFPL.
h UCHETSHA RPZPDH X yYYRHOULPZP NSCHUB IPDYFSH ULHYUOP: CHUADH FPMYUES, RMEUL, CHTSCHCHSHCH, YIREOSHE CHPDSH. fP URTBCHB, FP UMECHB RP OPUKH PFLTSCHCHBAFUS CETOPCHB, ZPFPCHSHCHE TBNPMPFSH CH EERSCH MAVKHA RPUKHDYOH PF LBFETB DP MYOLPTB. h FBLYI UMHYUBSI OE HUREEYSH LTYLOKHFSH "RPMKHODTB", LBL UBN LBFET VTPUBEFUS H UFPTPOH.
ъBFP CH YFYMECHHA RPZPDH VPMEE YOFETEUOPE NEUFP FTHDOP OBKFY. ъDEUSH, NETSDH LBNOSNY, CHYDYYSH, LBL NPTE DSHCHYF, FYIP RETELMBDSHCHBS TSCHTSIE VPTPЪDSCH ABOUT LBNOSY. with ЪOBA ZTPF, CHSHCHVYFSHCHK NPTEN CH FPMEE VBBBMSHFB, OYLYK Y FENOSCHK, LKhDB U FTHDPN CHPKDEF FHJIL. UPMOGE, RTPTCCHBCHYYUSH ULCHPSH FTEEYOKH LHRPMB, CHIPDIF CH CHPDH ЪМЭОШН УФПМВПН DP UBNPZP ADD. chPDB CHPLTHZ LBCEFUS YuETOPK Y NETFChPK, OP UFPYF OE YECHEMSUSH RPUIDEFSH NYOHF RSFSH, LBL OBUYOBEYSH LPE-YuFP TBMYUBFSH.
LYMSH MPDLY CHYUIF OBD FBKZPK... eUFSH FHF YYTPLYE CHPMOYUFSHCH RMEFY NPTULPK LBRHUFSCH, RKHYUFSHCHE CHEFCHY, RPIPTSYE ABOUT TPZB YYATTB CHEUOPK, PZEOOOSH OYFY, OETsOSCHE, OSH YBTSHCH FPYUOBS LPRYS PNEMSCH, DHVPCHSHCHE MYUFSHS, FPOLYE RMEFY U MHLPCYGBNY CHEMYYUYOPK U LHMBL, EUFSH LHUFSH, RPIPTSYE ABOUT TSYNPMPUFSH, FETO, PMSHYBOIL, DBTSE ABOUT UPUOH U TBVHIYYNYY TSEMFSHCHNYY YZMBNYY. eUFSH RBDY Y FTPRSHCH, KHUESOOSCH REULPN Y LBNOSNY, RP LPFPTSCHN LTBDHYUYUSH DCHYTSKHFUS PVYFBFEMY PLEBOULPK FBKZY...
yYRHOULIK NSCHU ЪБРПЧЭДОПЭ НУФП. ъDEUSH, ABOUT PVLBFBOOSHI NPTEN LBNOSI, TSYCHHF DCHE-FTY FSCHUSYU UYCHHUEK PUFBFLY PZTPNOPZP UFBDB NPTULYI MSHCHPCH, OBUEMSCHYI LPZDB-FP RPVETETSSHE lBNUBFLY. ChPF HCE YEUFSH MEF, LBL PIPFB OB UYCHHUEK ЪBRTEEEOB, OP ЪCHETY OILBL OE NPZHF ЪBVSHCHFSH PV PRBUOPUFYY CHUFTEYUBAF MADEK YURKHZBOOSCHN TECHPN.
NPTE VSHMP ZPMHVPE, NBUMSOYUFP-URPLPKOPE, LPZDB NSCH ABOUT NBMSCHI PVPTPFBI RPDPYMYY L PDOPNH YЪ LBNOEK-PUFTPCHLPCH.
h DEUSFY NEFTBI PF OBU ABOUT CHETYOE EBNYMPK ZMSHCHVSHCH URBM UYCHKHYU UHDS RP CHEMYYUYOYE, CHPTsBL CHUEZP UFBDB. according to VSHM FBL UVBT, YuFP YLKHTB RTYOSMB GCHEF UKHIYI CHPDPTPUMEK TSCHTSECHBFP-UEDPK. ULCHPSH TEDLHA YETUFSH CHYDOEMYUSH ULMBDLY NPZHYUEZP, TSYTOPZP FEMB.
UFBTSHCHK UYCHKHYU METSBM ABOUT VPLH, ЪBLTSCHCH NPTDH PZTPNOSHCHN MBUFPN. ъBLBRBOOSCH YUBKLBNY VPLB EZP NETOP CHЪDSCHNBMYUSH. nsch RPDPYMY FBL VMYOLP, YuFP CHYDEMY CHPULPCHPK UCHEFMSCHK YTBN ABOUT RMEYUY PFLTSCHFSHCHEFTH YYTPLYE OPTDTY YUETOSCHE YZMSCH KHUPCH.
chPDB DPMEFBMB DP CHETYOSCH LBNOS, HERE METSBM UFBTSHCHK UYCHKHYU. VTSCHY MPTSYMYUSH, ABOUT YLHTH; CHPLTHZ ЪCHETS, YYRS, VETSBMY THYUSHY. ON URBM ABOUT ZPMPN LBNOE, UMYYLPN KHCHETEOOSCHK CH UCHEPEK UIME, YUFPVSH VSHCHFSH PUFPPTTSOSCHN, Y PDESMPN ENKH UMHTSYMB MEZLBS NZMB.
chPЪME UFBTYLB METSBMY DCHB CHBIFEOOSHHI UYCHHYUB NPMPDSHCHE ZYVLYE, FPYuOP UNBBOOSCH NBUMPN PF MBUFPCH DP LPOYUYLPCH OPUB. sing FPTSE URBMY, UKHOKHCH NPTDSCH DTHZ DTHZKH RPD NSHCHYLY. OBD OYNY PTBMY YUBKLY, CHPDB, RPRBDBS CH TBUEEMYOSCH, CHTSCHCHBMBUSH U RKHYYYUOSCHN ZKHMPN, B UYCHHYU DBTSE OE YECHEMYMYUSH. NPTsOP VSHMP RPPDKFY Y CHSFSH YI ZPMSHNY THLBNY, UPOOSHI, pVUPIYYI ABOUT CHEFTKH.
TBVKhDYMB YI OE NPTULBS LBOPOBDB, B OERTYCHSHCHUOSCHK HIKH FYIYK TPLPF NPFPTB. pVB SING RTPUOHMYUSH TBBPN Y, RPDULBLYCHBS ABOUT HRTKHZYI MBUFBI, LYOHMYUSH L CHPTSBLH. Sing CHCHSHCHMY UFBTYLH RTSNP CH HYY. th OBDP VSHMP CHYDEFSH, LBLPK PRMEKHIPK OBZTBDYM UFBTSHCHK UYCHHYU TPFPJES-CHBIFEOOOPZP.
according to RPDOSMUS OBD ULBMPC, CHPTPUBS YEEK, TBBDTBTSEOOSCHK, YURKHZBOOSCHK, OP CH FP TSE CHTENS RPMOSCHK DPUFPYOUFCHB, FP VShchM OBUFPSEYK IPЪSIO yYRHOULPZP NSCHUB, CHEMILBO NPT EIOYUFPK ZTHDSHA, FPMUFPK YEEK Y UFBTYUEULYNY ZMBBNY OCHSHLBFE.
RETEUFKHRBS U MBUFB ABOUT MBUF, TBJOKHCH RBUFSH, BY CHCHSHCHM ABOUT CHEUSH PLEBO PF ZOECHB Y UFTBIB. lПYБУШС ЛТХЗМБС ЗПМПЧБ, ЦЭУФЛJЕ ХУШЧ И ДМІОБС ZТИЧБ DEMBMY EZP RPIPTSYN ABOUT MSHCHB.
x UFBTYLB VShchMB PLFBChB ZTPNPChPZP PFFEOLB. y, UFTBOOPE DEMP, ZPMPU EZP OE RTETSHCHBMUS, OE UMBVEM, B, OBPVPTPF, LTERYUBM U LBTSDPK UELKHODPK. CHETPSFOP, FP VSHMP LIP, OP NOE RPLBBMPUSH, YuFP CHUMED ЪB UYCHHYUPN OBYUOBAF ЪCHHYUBFSH ULBMSH, FENOBS CHPDB, FHNBO, ЪBLTSCHBAEIK VETEZ, FPYuOP UBNY LBNOY RPDOINBAF RTPF YCH RTYEMSHGECH UCHPK KHZTANSCHK ZPMPU.
fBLYE LPOGETFSH UMSCHYYYSH CH TSYOY OE YUBUFP. fTHVBYU UFPSM OBD OBNY, CHULYOKHCH ZPMPCHH, Y TECHEM, TECHEM, TECHEM FBL, FPYuOP OBDESMUS PDOYN TSHYUBOSHEN TBTHYYFSH OBU LBFET.
with FBL ЪБУМХИБМУС, YuFP EDCHB OE RPUFBCHYM "UNEMSHCHK" MBZPN L CHPMOE. ULBMSCH UBYECHEMYMYUSH. nBUUYCHOSHE FENOSCH ZMSHCHVSH UTSHCHBMYUSH U CHETYO Y VEJCHHYUOP, RPYUFY VEI VTSHCHZ, RBDBMY CH NPTE. FP, YuFP YЪDBMY NSCH RTYOINBMY ЪB LBNOY, PLBBBMPUSH UYCHKHYUBNY. uYMSHOP TBVPFBS MBUFBNY, POY UOPCHBMY RPD CHPDPK PE CHUEI OBRTBCHMEOYSI, YOPZDB RTPIPDS DBTSE RPD LYMEN. UBNSCH PFCHBTSOSH YЪ OYI PVZPOSMY LBFET Y, CHCHUHOKHCH DMYOOSHCH ZYVLYE YEY, HCHEOYUBOOSH LPYBUSHYNY ZPMPCHBNY, UNEMP TBZMSDSHCHBMY VPKGCH, UFPSCHYI ABOUT RBMHVE.
chPF LFP YLPMB! ULBUBM LPL CHPUIEEOOOP. mBUFPYULPK, VEЪ FTBNRMYOB!
ON UVEZBM CH LHVTYL Y, CHSHFBEICH "FPNR", UFBM RTYMBTSYCHBFSH L FTEOPTSOILKH LBNETKH. OP VSHMP HCE RPЪDOP. yYRHOULYK NSCHU CHNEUFE U RPMPUK VKHTHOPCH Y MPINBFSHNY PUFTPCHLBNY PFPDCHYOHMUS CH UFPTPOH, UYCHHYYOSHE ZPMPCHSH RTECHTBFYMYUSH CH YUETOSHCHE CHYILY, YUHFSH ЪBNEFOSCHE UTEDY RPMKHDE OOSHI VMYLPCH, Y FPMSHLP ZHUFPE DTPTSBOIE ZYFBTOPK UFTKHOSHCH ЪBFYIBAEYK TECH NPTULYI MSHCHPCH OBRPNYOBMP OBN P OEDBCHOEN ЪChETYOPN BCTBME.
* * *
TEKU VSHM URPLPKOSHCHK. VE RTYLMAYUEOYK, UTEDY RPMOPZP YFYMS NSCH DPYMY DP PUFTPPCHB NEDOPZP Y, RETEDBCH ABOUT VETEZ RBUUBTSYTLH Y ZTHY, CH FPF TSE DEOSH RPCHETOHMY PVTBFOP.
about LFPF TB CHUE RPVETETSSHE L AZKH PF ЪБМИЧБ lTPOPGLLPZP VSHMP ЪBLTSCHFP FKHNBOPN. PO NEDMEOOP URPMЪBM CH NPTE YUETEYUETOSCH RTPIPDSCH Y, UMYCHBSUSH U NPTEN, PVTBPCHSHCHBM URMPYOKHA UBCHEUKH PF FTEI DP RSFY NYMSH YYTYOPK, OBD LPFPTPK RPDOINBMYUSH IBTBLFETO SHCH YETOP-VEMSHCHE UPRLY CHPUFPYUOPZP RPVETETSSHS.
h RSFSH KhFTB, DCHYZBSUSH CHDPMSH LTPNLY FKHNBOB, "UNEMSHCHK" UOPCHB RPTBCHOSMUS U NSHUPN yYRHOULYN. th FHF NSCH KHUMSHCHYBMY FHZPK, PYUEOSH ZHMLYK HDBT, KHNOPTSEOOSHCHK IPN.
chETPSFOP, ULBMB PVPTCHBMBUSH, ULBJBM lPMPULPCH, POY FHF CHUEZDB PVTSHCHBAFUS.
ABOUT RETECHEM FEMEZTBZH ABOUT "FYIYK", VHTHOSCH ЪB LPTNPK RPZBUMY, Y UBYULPCH UTBKH CHCHUKHOKHMUS YЪ NBYOOOPZP MALB.
rMPIPK VEOYO, FPCHBTYE LPNBODYT, PVASUOYM PO RPUREYOP, PFPZP Y DSHCHNYF.
fYYE, FYYE, ULBUBM lPMPULPCH. with OE P FPN.
ZKHMLYK RKHYEYUOSCHK CHSHCHUFTEM CHUFTSIOHM CHPDKHI. ip NEDMEOOP ULBFYMPUSH RP LBNEOOSCHN UFHREOSN, Y UOPCHB CH NPTE UFBMP FYIP.
with DKHNBA, LYFPVPEG, ЪБНEFYМ УБУЛПЧ.
oEF. bFP ABOUT VETEZKH, ULBBM S. bFP PIPFOIL VSHAF ZKHTBOPC.
yЪ RHYLY?
yЪ CHYOYUEUFETB. h ZPTBI CHUEZDB ZTPNLP.
nsch UFPSMY ChPЪME UBNPK LTPNLY FKHNBOB Y ZPCHPTYMY CHRPMZPMPUB. VSHMP PUEOSH FYIP. lPMPULPCH RTYLBBM ЪBZMKHYYFSH NPFPT, Y RPD LYMEN RMEULBMBUSH UNYTOBS Y VEUGCHEFOBS CHPDB.
h FKHNBO OE PIPFSFUS, ЪBNEFYM VPGNBO.
dB, OP CH ZPTBI OEF FKHNBOB.
rTPUFP TCHHF LBNOY, ULBЪBM YЪ LBAF-LPNRBOY LPL. y UOPChB ZPTSH PFCHEFYMY ABOUT PDYOPLYK RKHYYUOSCHK CHSHCHUFTEM TBULBFYUFSHCHN TH VEURPTSDPUOSCHN ЪБМРПН. UHDS RP UYME Y ULPTPUFY IB, VETEZ VSHM OEDBMELP.
sUOP, RKHYLB, ULBЪBM KHRTSNSCHK UBYULPCH.
eTHODB! CHYOYUEUFET, Y OE DBMSHYE RPMHNYMY.
nsch RPUNPFTEMY ABOUT LPNBODITB, OP lPMPULPCH UDEMBM CHYD, YuFP OE UMSHCHYYF, P YUEN YDEF TEYUSH. OBDCHYOKHCH LPYSHTEL ABOUT OPU, BY RPTPIBTSYCHBMUS RP RBMHVE NBMEOSHLNYY, GERLYNYYYBZBNYY, U FBLYN TBCHOPDHYOSCHN CHYDPN, FPYuOP CHSHCHUFTEMSH YOFETEUPCHBMY EZP OE VPMSHYE, YUEN RTY VPK, Y FPMSHLP CHTENS PF CHTENEY PUFBOBCHMYCHBMUS, YuFPVSH RTYUMKHYBFSHUS.
about BLPOEG, BY URTPUM:
vPGNBO! uLPMSHLP URTBCHB RP UPUM?
dChBDGBFSH UENSH ZHFPCH, ULBJBM VSHUFTP zHFPTPCH.
URKHULBKFE YMARLH... fYIP URKHULBKFE. rPKDEFE ABOUT CHSHCHUFTEMSCHEUMY YIHOB, RPDOINEFEUSH ABOUT VPTF... lHTU ABOUT PUF YEUFSHDEUSF ZTBDHUPCH. UYZOBMSCH UYTEOPK.
eUFSH UYTEOPK, ULBЪBM VPGNBO Y UFBM TBCHPTBUYCHBFSH CH NPTE YMARVBMLY.
lTPNE zHFPTPCHB, CH YMARLKH URKHUFYMYUSH DCHPE ZTEVGPCH, lPUIGSHCHO Y S. OB CHUSLYK UMHYUBK NSCH CHSMY U UPVPK RKHMENEF DEZFSTECHB Y TKHYUOKHA UYTEOH.
l FPNH CHTENEY, LBL NSCH PFYUBMYMY, FHNBO RPDPYEM EEE VMYCE Y UFPSM PF OBU O TBUUFPSOY RPMKHUPFOY IPTPYI ZTEVLPCH URMPYOPK OYLPK ZMSCHVPK.
CHEUMB ABOUT CHPDH! ULBUBM zHFPTPCH YERPFPN. fYYE ABOUT CHPDH... rPKDEN "ABOUT GSHRPYULBI".
nsch ChPYMY H FKHNBO Y UFBMY NEDMEOOOP RPDOINBFSHUS CHDPMSH VETEZB, L UECHETKH, MBCHYTHS NETS VEUUYUMEOOSCHI TYZHPCH, EDCHB RTYLTSCHFSHI CHPDPK. vShchM RPMOSHCHK RTYMYCH, FPMSHLP UBNSCHE LTHROSHCHE ULBMSHCH YUETOEMY CH FHNBOE. CHUS NEMPYUSH, ЪХВБУФБС, NPIOBFBS, PVUSHIBAEBS PE CHTENS PFMYCHB, ULTSHCHCHBMBUSH FERETSH RPD CHPDK. nsch DCHYZBMYUSH VEJHFYFPLB, PUFPPTTSOP RETEUELBS TSCHTSYE RSFOB, UMKHYBS YPTPI CHPDPTPUMEK RPD LYMEN. at MECHPZP VPTFB FSOKHMP UYMSHOSHCHN Y ZPTSHLYN ЪBRBIPN VETEZB, Y, CHUE CHTENS YUETEDHS KHDBTSH U YYREOSHEN, ZTPIPFBM RTYVPK.
yMARLB YMB "OB GSHRPYULBI", UPCHUEN FYIP, EUMY OE UYYFBFSH RMEULB CHPDSH Y ULTYRB LPTSY CH HLMAYUYOE. lPUYGSCHO RPMPTSYM RPD CHUMP OYFSOKHA PVFYTLH, Y UFBMP FYIP, LBL CH RPZTEVE. FKHNBO, UCHEFMES U LBTSDPK NYOKHFPK, RPM OB VETEZ OBETETE OBYEK YMARLE, Y CHUE NSCH OBDESMYUSH, YuFP ULPTP KHCHYDYN UPMOGE Y UFTBOOSHI BTFYMMETYUFPCH, ZKHMSAEYI H yYRHOULPZP N SHUB.
dB, LFP VSHMB RHYLB, OBCHETOSLB! NSZLYE, VBUYUFSHCHE, PUEOSH UYMSHOSHCHE KHDBTSH UMEDPCHBMY U OERTBCHIMSHOSCHNYY DPMZYNYY YOFETCHBMBNY.
nsch YMY YYZBZBNY, NEOSS LHTU RPUME LBTSDPZP CHSHCHUFTEMB, FBL LBL YIP PFLMYLBMPUSH ABOUT DCH UFPTPOSH Y U PDYOBLPCHPK UYMPK.
rPFPN RHYLB HNPMLMB. nsch RTDDPMTsBMY DCHYZBFSHUS ABOUT OPTD-PUF, PUFPPTTSOP NBLBS CHEUMB CH VEMEUKHA CHPDH. zHFPTPCH LET'S GO ABOUT THMA, RTYMPTSYCH L HIKH MBDPOSH. FKHNBO YEM CHPMOBNY, FP UCHEFMES, FP UZKHEBSUSH DP UKHNETEL, FPZDB RP ЪOBLH THMECHPZP ZTEVGSH UKHYMYY CHUMB, Y CHUE UMKHYBMY YHN RTYVPS Y ЪChPOLPE ZKHMSHLBOSHE CHPDSH RPD L YIMEN.
rTPYMP NYOKHF DEUSFSH RSFOBDGBFSH, Y ChDTHZ lPUIGSHCHO, UIDECHYK ABOUT OPUKH YMARLY, ULBUBM UFTBIOSCHN YERPFPN:
ъЧПОСФ. mYVP GETLCHB, MYVP LPTBVMSH...
rTPUFP TSCHODB, ULBJBM VPGNBO.
CHUE NSCH HUMSCHYBMY DBMELPE DTEVETSBOSHE LPTBVEMSHOPZP LPMPLPMB. y LFP VShchM RPUFPTPOOYK LPTBVMSH, RPFPNKH YuFP TSCHODB ABOUT "UNEMPN" ЪCHEOYF UCHEFMP y FPOLP.
pMEEHL, ABOUT OPU! ULPNBODPCBM zHFPTPCH.
with UEM ABOUT RETEDOAA VBOLKH, RPUFBCHYCH UPYLY RKHMENEFB ABOUT VPTFB. nPTE VSHMP URPLPCOP, Y DHMP RPYUFY OE YECHEMYMPUSH.
ZTEVGSH UFBMY TBCHPTBUYCHBFSH YMARLKH OB ЪCHHL, Y CH LFPF NPNEOF YЪ FKHNBOB, URTBCHB RP OPUKH, OENOPZP NPTYUFEEE OBU, TBBDBMPUSH RTPFSTSOPE:
bOO-b-b... p-P-P...
yuEMPCHEL VSHM VMYTSE, YUEN LPMPLPM, Y zHFPTPCH TEYYFEMSHOP RPCHETOHM YMARLKH ABOUT ZPMPU. ъCHHL RETEOUUS CHMECHP. pFCHEYUBS LPTBVMA, LFP-FP, PFDBMEOOOSCHK PF OBU VEMK UFEOPK, RTDPDPMTSBM NPOPFPOOP LTYUBFSH:
bOO-b-b... p-P-P...
nsch UDEMBMY UPFOA ZTEVLPCH, Y CHDTHZ NEFTBI CH DCHBDGBFY PF OBU TSEMPPE RMBNS U ZTPIPFPN CHSTCHBMPUSH Y FKHNBOB.
iPDH! ULBUBM zKhFPTPCH, RTYCHUFBC. b OH, OE YUBUFYFSH...
FP VShchMB LBCHBUBLY ZTKHVP ULPMPYUEOOBS NPFPTOBS MPDLB U PUFTSHCHN LMYOPPVTBOBOSCHN OPUPN Y OYLPK OBDUFTPKLPK ABOUT LPTNE. dChPE TSCHVBLPCH CH CHEMSHCHEFPCHSHCHI LHTFLBI Y ZHEFTPCCHI YMSRBI PUFPPTTSOP CHSHCHVYTBMY U LPTNSCH FHZP OBFSOHFSHCHK FTPU, B FTEFYK, UFPS L OBN CHRPMPVPTPFB, DETSBBM O YZPFPCHLH UFT BOOPE THTSSHE U FPMUFSHCHN LPTPFFLINE UFCHPMPN, YЪDBMY RPIPTSEE ABOUT UFBTSHCHK RKHMENEF yPYB. yЪ DHMB FPTYUBMB NBUUYCHOBS LTBUOBS UFTEMB, UPEDYOEOOBS U FPOLYN LBOBFPN.
KHUMSHCHYBCH RMEUL YMARLY, UFTEMPL PVETOKHMUS Y, DPMTSOP VSHFSH UP UFTBIH, OBTSBM ABOUT LTAYUPL...
ZPTSYUYK CHPDHI Y UCHEF KHDBTYMY NOE CH MYGP. s RPYUKHCHUFCHPCHBM TEILHA VPMSH CH EELE Y EDCHB OE PFCHEFYM PYUETEDSHA RP UFTEMLH, OP zHFPTPCH VSHUFTP ULBUBM:
pFUFBCHYFSH. bK, BOBFB... vTPUSH!
uFTEMB TBUEERYMB VPTF Y KHYMB CH CHPDH, KHCHMELBS ЪB UPVPA LBOBF. sRPOEG, LTBUYCHSHCHK FPMUFPZHVSHCHK NBMSHYUYILB, RPCHSЪBOOSCHK RP-VBVSHY RMBFLPN, UFPSM OERPDCHYTSOP, Y YY PRHEOOOPZP UFChPMB UFTBOOPZP THTSSHS EEE FEL DSHCHN. x OPP UFTEMLB CHETFEMBUSH OEVPMSHYBS TSEMEOBS LBFKHYLB; LBOBF KHVEZBM CH EEMSH NETSDH VPTFPN LBCHBUBLY YYMARLPK.
dChPE DTHZYI SRPOGECH NPMYUB RPDOSMY THLY. FP VSHCHMY ЪCHETPVPY U iPLLBKDP OBIBMSHOSCHE Y, DPMTSOP VSHFSH, FETFSHCH RBTOY, RPFPNKH YuFP PDYO YЪ OYI ZBTLOKHM PE CHUA ZMPFLH:
lPOOYGY-BW! ьК, ЪДТБЧУФЧХХК, ZEREKH!
fYYE, FYYE, ULBUBM VPGNBO. fBL WHERE CHBYB YIHOB?
OE RPOINBH, PFCHEFYMY IPTPN SRPOGSH.
bOBFB, OP ZHHOE-CHB DPLP-LBTB LYFFB OP DEULB? URTPUYM zHFPTPCH.
hBLBTYNBUEO.
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BY VSHM PUEOSH LTBUYCH DBCE NETFCHSHCHK.
Ghost on Deck Vladimir Vilenovich Shigin
SEAGUllS WALK ON THE SAND - THE SAILOR PROMISES MEANING
Treating all the mysterious manifestations of the sea elements with due respect, sailors, of course, always paid special attention to the ability to predict upcoming weather changes. The interest here was not at all idle; on the contrary, life and death often depended on it. Constant danger and the expectation of trouble have taught them to look for the slightest opportunity to predict the impending danger. Marine omens constitute a separate and special layer of worldwide nautical folklore.
One of the objects of close attention of sailors has always been clouds. It’s only at first glance that the clouds don’t say anything. For an experienced sailor of the past, they said, on the contrary, a lot, a lot. For example, if in summer the clouds moved towards each other, this meant imminent inclement weather; if they floated against the wind, it meant rain; if they moved quickly in one direction, it meant heat and calm; slowly, it meant rain again. If in the morning the clouds cleared and the sky was covered with a veil of high clouds, one should prepare for a squall. Rare clouds meant the imminent onset of clear but cold weather; a large white cloud in the winter sky inevitably carried charges of snow. Continuous low gray clouds forced one to prepare for prolonged bad weather, and the appearance of wavy clouds, similar to the crests of waves, foreshadowed the onset of bad weather in a matter of minutes. If clouds appeared from the north-east, this meant good clear weather for at least several days ahead. Large clouds from the south guaranteed heavy rain.
If the sky was covered with many twisted “small lambs”, this meant the approach of heavy winds. If cirrus and cumulus clouds appeared in large numbers, this meant imminent bad weather, and if they began to grow upward and darken, it meant a storm. The sailors even put together a corresponding saying about this:
If the clouds pile up in the form of towers or rocks,
Soon there will be a downpour, a fierce squall will come.
Sailors have always considered it a good omen when the clouds disappear in the evening. This guaranteed good weather the next day. If, on the contrary, the clouds began to thicken in the evening, one should be prepared for the worst.
In addition to the clouds, one had to pay very close attention to changes in the wind. So, in winter, the south wind brought warming, but the same south wind brought cold in summer. Increasing winds towards night inevitably resulted in worsening weather. Stable north-westerly winds, as a rule, also led to inclement weather. If during a storm the south-west and west winds changed their direction to north and north-east, this meant the end of the storm soon. The appearance of pronounced breezes (winds blowing from water to land during the day, and vice versa at night) meant the establishment of good weather. The disappearance of breezes forced preparations for a storm. If after a strong squall a heavy downpour began, this meant that the storm would soon end.
The following sayings should also be included in the category of such beliefs:
If it rains before the wind, put up marsa halyards.
If it rains after the wind, choose them again.
The sound of thunder also had to be listened to very carefully. If thunder thundered continuously three or four times or its peals were heard for a very long time, this meant prolonged rain; If the thunder thundered continuously, then it was followed not by rain, but by hail. Dull thunder meant boring drizzling rain and a fresh wave of up to 3–4 points, but rolling thunder meant rain and a wave of 5–6 points.
As for the lightning, that was also worth watching. If lightning did not mean too much in summer, then in winter it certainly foreshadowed a strong and prolonged storm. If lightning flashed without thunder, you could take a breath, because the weather was inevitably going to improve soon.
A morning rainbow over the sea did not promise anything good, but an evening rainbow would definitely clear the weather. It was also necessary to distinguish between a rainbow in the north and south directions, which leads to worsening weather, and a rainbow in the leading and main directions, which certainly improves the weather.
Summer fogs guaranteed calm and little wind, while winter fogs guaranteed warming. If fog rose from the waves into the sky in the evening or at night, the weather was bound to improve.
Of course, the inhabitants of the seas were not ignored either. They also helped observant sailors in assessing the coming weather. Thus, jellyfish, having a special “infra-ear,” are good at sensing the slightest infrasonic vibrations that foreshadow a storm. Therefore, several hours before the onset of the storm, all the jellyfish certainly and unanimously go into the depths.
If at the end of winter seagulls gather in a large flock and walk on the ice in a crowd, it means that the ice will soon melt away. If in summer seagulls fly in flocks and scream, there will be bad weather, and in winter the same behavior means rapid snowfall. If seagulls land on the water and swim, the weather will be good, but if, on the contrary, they gather near the shore, not wanting to move into the open sea, expect bad weather. If the seagulls get to the shore at all, and they don’t fly there either, but only walk along the coastal sand, there will be a storm, and a very strong one. There is even a saying about this:
Seagulls walk on the sand
The sailor is promised melancholy.
If a fish jumps out of the water and catches a flying midge, it will rain. If the fish rushes around a lot in the water and doesn’t bite, it will also rain. On the eve of a storm, whales behave nervously. Flocking together in flocks, they rush to leave the storm area as quickly as possible.
If killer whales in the North Sea gather near sandbanks and hunt for fish there, be sure to expect a storm in two days.
Behind each of the many sea signs are centuries of difficult voyages, shipwrecks and deaths. Each of them is a monument to the observation and courage of our sailing ancestors. And today they are used by sailors in the same way as their predecessors used them centuries ago. At the same time, as experts say, none of the old signs has ever let anyone down. Believe me, it’s worth a lot at sea!
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