ENVIRONMENTAL PROJECT

ANIMAL KINGDOM

Participants:

Children of the senior group, teacher Tatyana Vasilievna Yaroslavtseva, parents, preschool education specialists

PROJECT:

1 According to the dominant method: informational and creative.

2 By the nature of the content: the child and the living world

3. By the nature of the child’s participation in the project: a participant from the inception of the idea to the receipt of the result.

4. By the nature of contacts: within the same age group

5. By quality of participants: group.

6. Duration: long-term (1 year or more)

Relevance of the project:

In modern conditions, the problem of environmental education becomes particularly acute and relevant. It is during the period of preschool childhood that the formation of human personality and the formation of ecological culture take place. Therefore, it is very important to awaken children’s interest in living nature, cultivate a love for it, and teach them to take care of the world around them.

Children do not have enough understanding of the lifestyle, habits, nutrition and homes of wild animals in our forests, animals of hot countries, animals of the north, animals of the seas and oceans. Also, children do not have a sufficient understanding of the geographical location of the habitat of these animals. To give children an idea of ​​the geographical location of the habitat of different types of animals.

Children do not sufficiently understand such concepts as “time” and “past”. Give an idea of ​​time using the example of the very first extinct animals on Earth - dinosaurs.

To cultivate curiosity in children, the desire to gain basic knowledge about nature, and to maintain an interest in learning about the world around them. To develop ethical ideas in children, the ability to empathize with living beings.

Tasks:

Educational:

- Give an idea about animals (external features, needs for their growth and development, features of the habitat).

- Make children understand how geographic location, climate, and the ecological state of nature affect the habits, habits and lifestyle of animals.

- Teach to classify animals, divide them into groups according to various characteristics: by living environment (wild, domestic), by nutrition (predators, herbivores, omnivores); mammals, birds, reptiles.

- To give an idea of ​​endangered and endangered species of animals, what the Red Book of Nature is.

- Develop a cognitive interest in the animal world.

Educational:

- give an idea of ​​the diversity of the animal world;

- deepen children’s knowledge about the animal world through reading works about animals;

- develop children’s ability to negotiate, share, help, provide support in work, and show interest in the task being completed;

- develop creative activity, attention, imagination, memory;

Educational:

- through personal communication with animals, contribute to the development in children of good feelings, interest and love for animals;

- cultivate compassion for young, sick and wounded animals;

- cultivate a desire to care for animals;

- create conditions for search and research activities,

- support children's initiative, inquisitiveness, activity in cognitive and other activities,

- develop the physical, personal and intellectual qualities of the child;

- expand children’s knowledge about animals in central Russia, tropical animals, animals of the north, seas and oceans;

- teach children safe behavior in the forest, field, swamp, and when interacting with pets.

-teach children to find cause-and-effect relationships (why some birds fly to other countries and others don’t, why some animals hibernate and others don’t, etc.)

Expected Result:

-Children will develop knowledge about animals in central Russia, tropical forests, animals of the north, seas and oceans. Children will recognize extinct animals (dinosaurs, mammoths)

-Children will develop a strong interest in living nature,

-Children will be able to apply the acquired knowledge in various activities.

For teachers:

Generalization of pedagogical experience, introduction of innovative technologies and new forms of work on environmental education of preschool children.

Increasing the theoretical and professional level of teachers through mastering the project method in working with children.

For parents:

Educating parents in this area, providing them with the necessary information on a particular issue (individual and subgroup counseling, information sheets, reminder sheets, etc.). Uniting the family in searching for answers to questions about the life activities of various animals.

The project is carried out in three stages:

Stage 1 - organizational

Stage 2 – planning

Stage 3 – final

ORGANIZATIONAL STAGE

Planning

Final

Literature

1. Ageeva S.I. Learning with passion. Parts 1 and 2. M.: Laida, 1995.
2. Skorolupova O.A. Wild animals. M.: Scriptorium Publishing House, 2006.
3. Sladkov N. Conversations about animals. M.: “Dragonfly – Press”, 2002.
4. Soboleva A.V. Riddles - savvy. A practical guide for speech therapists, educators and parents. M.: Publishing house “Gnome and D”, 2000.
5. “On different continents. Tyrannosaurs": Publishing house "Dragonfly-Press", 2007.
6. "An interesting atlas. Animals. Dinosaurs": EPITION ATLAS Publishing House, 2007
7. “Atlas of the Earth.”: I. Svetlova., EKSMO Publishing House, Moscow, 2012.
8. "An interesting atlas. Seas and oceans" Atlas Publishing House, 2007
9. “The Big Book of Animals”, LLC “White City”, Moscow, 2009.
10. "An interesting atlas. Wild animals" Atlas Publishing House 2007
11. “Who lives in Africa”: Satori Publishing House LLC, Tver, 2008.
12. “Who lives in Russia”: Satori Publishing House LLC, Tver, 2008
13. “Who Lives in America”: Satori Publishing House LLC, Tver, 2008
14. “Who Lives at the Pole” LLC “Publishing House “Satori”, Tver, 2008
15. “Who lives in Asia”: Satori Publishing House LLC, Tver, 2008
16. “Who Lives in Australia”: Satori Publishing House LLC, Tver, 2008
17. T.D. Need, “Encyclopedia for kids. Miracle is everywhere. World of Animals and Plants": Publishing House "Academy of Development", Yaroslavl, 1998.

Q4.features.

A) the flowers are large, brightly colored, with a strong scent.

B) the flowers are small, odorless, collected in inflorescences

B) pollen is large and heavy

D) pollen is small, dry and light.

D) flowering occurs in early spring before the leaves bloom

E) bloom throughout the summer.

Pollination type:

• by the wind
• insects.

Think about who we are talking about?

A living organism, a creature that has the ability to move and feeds on... ready-made organic substances.

Subject: Animal Kingdom. Basic characteristics of animals.

Target: consider the signs of animals.

Working with the textbook.

Page 88

Aristotle is considered the founder of zoology, who was the first to think about dividing animals into groups.

He divided them into animals with blood and animals without blood.

Environments and habitats

The main habitats of animals are water, land-air and soil. We must not forget about the organism’s habitat

NUTRITION

HETEROTROPHIC

MOVEMENT

MOBILE, WHICH IS ABSOLUTELY NECESSARY FOR FOOD OBTAINING

HEIGHT

LIMITED

BODY SYMMETRY

DOUBLE SIDED

RADIAL

CELL STRUCTURE

No rigid cell wall

No chloroplasts or plastids

Vacuoles are small

Organ systems

Respiratory, nervous, excretory, etc.

irritability

regulated by hormones and

nervous system

Signs

Plants

Nutrition

Autotrophic

Cell structure

Animals

There is a cellulose membrane, vacuoles, plastids.

Capacity for growth

Heterotrophic

Foraging activity

Unlimited

No cell center

There are no vacuoles (with the exception of digestive ones in protozoa), plastids.

Not active

There is a cellular center

Storage substance

Limited

Organs

Body symmetry

Starch

In most cases - active

Vegetative

Generative

Glycogen

Somatic. Genital

Organs form organ systems

Double-sided

Radial

The flower was sleeping and suddenly woke up - (torso to the right - to the left)

I didn't want to sleep anymore.

(torso forward, backward)

He moved, stretched,

(hands up, stretch)

He soared up and flew.

(hands up, left, right)

The sun is just waking up in the morning, the butterfly is circling and curling (spinning)

Distribute the signs.

Autotrophic type of nutrition.

Unlimited growth.

The storage carbohydrate is starch.

They are consumers in the food chain.

Finish the sentence.

I found out)…….

Homework

1)p. 88

Page 88 pics

2) Creative task: prepare facts from the life of animals.

“Types of invertebrate animals” - Mollusks. Insects. Determine the type of animal. Sort the animals by size. Invertebrate animals. Arachnids. Where is my house. Tournament table. Choose a description for the animal. What insects are you most likely to see in a meadow? Plankton. In the world of invertebrates. Coleoptera. Examine the preparations under a microscope. Cephalopods. Images. Ciliated ciliates. Coelenterates. Biological tournament. Arthropods.

"Invertebrates" - Reproduction. Knowledge about the type Mollusks. Dividing the body into sections. Role performed in nature. Nutrition. In the endless ocean there is no more terrible beast. "Finest hour", 7th grade. Excretion of aphids. What protozoa cause infectious diseases in humans. The body of a cross spider. Make as many words as possible from the letters of this word. Invertebrates. What role does the fluid of the secondary body cavity (anneli worms) play?

“Characteristics of the echinoderm type” - Features of the external and internal structure. Sea stars. Type Echinoderms. Sea urchins. Adults. Sea lilies. General characteristics. Holothurians. Body shape. Statement. Brittle stars. Ambulacral system. Limestone skeleton. Sea bottom animals. Development of echinoderms. Meaning of Echinoderms. Nervous system. Echinoderms have the ability to regenerate.

“Classes of echinoderms” - Class Sea urchins. Test your knowledge. Reproduction. Meaning. main classes of the Phylum Echinodermata. Starfish class. Find in the text of the textbook what the ambulacral system is. Class Holothuria. The size and body shape of echinoderms is very diverse. Diversity of echinoderms. Ophiura class. Echinoderms are a type of invertebrate deuterostome animals. Internal structure. Sea cucumbers or sea cucumbers actually look like cucumbers.

“Systematics of Animals” - Tarpan. How to understand the diversity of animals. Dodo. Reserve. Main groups of animals. Federal significance. View. Black list. Zebra quagga. Cedar pad. Human influence. Species name. Steller's (sea) cow. Passenger pigeon. Carl Linnaeus. Taxonomy. Red Book. Great auk. Eukaryotes. Classification of animals. Marsupial wolf. Human influence on animals.

“Characteristics of the Animal Kingdom” - General characteristics of the Animal Kingdom. Most have sense organs and a nervous system. Features of cell structure. Animal Science. The general characteristics of animals according to the type of metabolism are heterotrophs. There are unicellular (protozoa) and multicellular. Stages of development of zoology. Variety of animals. Difference between animals and plants. Methods of zoology. Most people breathe oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide.

Project on the topic “Animals of Russia” Prepared by 3b grade student Nikita Zernov Teacher: Aleksandrova I.V. Municipal educational institution gymnasium No. 4, Ozyory

Goals and objectives To form an idea of ​​the animal world of Russia: patterns of its distribution throughout the country, species under protection. Develop skills in analyzing thematic maps. Work with additional sources of information. Predict and draw conclusions.

The fauna of Russia is many-sided and diverse. Here you can find a wide variety of landscapes: polar snowy deserts, hot southern deserts, deciduous forests, coniferous taiga expanses, high mountain areas, sea and ocean coasts. These vast expanses are home to over 300 species of mammals, more than 700 species of birds, about 30 species of amphibians and 80 species of reptiles.

Animals of our area. Elk. Among deer, this is the largest animal. Its height reaches 235 cm, weight - almost 600 kg. The old male, decorated with large spade horns, looks especially impressive. In Siberia, moose are often called elk. He is huge, awkward), hunchbacked, with a large, ugly head, with horns sticking out to the sides.

There are three subspecies of moose in our country: European, East Siberian, or American, and Ussuri. The Altai Mountains, as well as throughout Western Siberia, are home to the European elk, a medium-sized animal. The mass of large males reaches 500 kg, height - 215 cm. Females are smaller. The color is brown of varying intensity: from dark to light brown. The legs are usually light, and the belly is the same color. Elk calves are red in the first 3-4 months; in August - September they molt and become brown, like adults. Horns, which are found only in males, The older, healthier and stronger the animal, the more massive, wider and with a greater number of branches its horns. Antler growth begins in April - May, ends in August, and by mid-winter the antlers are shed.

Bear. Bears are considered one of the most savvy and intelligent animals. It is well known that they are easier to train than other animals and achieve great success in this.

The brown bear is omnivorous, but its diet is 3/4 plant-based: berries, acorns, nuts, roots, tubers and grass stems. In years when there is no berry harvest in the northern regions, bears visit oat crops, and in the southern regions - corn crops; in the Far East they feed in cedar forests in autumn. Its diet also includes insects (ants), worms, lizards, frogs, rodents (mice, marmots, gophers, chipmunks). In summer, insects and their larvae sometimes make up up to 1/3 of a bear’s diet. Although predation is not the primary strategy of brown bears, they also prey on ungulates - roe deer, fallow deer, deer (caribou, red deer, pampas deer), ibex, wild boar and moose. Grizzlies sometimes attack baribal bears, and in the Far East brown bears can hunt Himalayan bears and tigers. The brown bear loves honey; eats carrion and sometimes takes prey from tigers, wolves and pumas. The usual food item is also fish during spawning (anadromous salmonids). In years when food is poor, bears sometimes attack livestock and destroy apiaries. The brown bear is active throughout the day, but more often in the mornings and evenings. By winter, the bear gains subcutaneous fat (up to 180 kg) and lies in its den in the fall. Dens are located in a dry place, in most cases in holes protected by windbreaks or under uprooted tree roots. In different areas, winter sleep lasts from 75 to 195 days. Depending on climatic and other conditions, bears stay in dens from October - November to March - April, that is, 5-6 months. Contrary to popular belief, the brown bear's winter sleep is shallow; his body temperature during sleep fluctuates between 29 and 34 degrees. In case of danger, the animal wakes up and leaves the den, going in search of a new one. Sometimes a bear does not have time to fatten up properly during the fall, so in the middle of winter it wakes up and begins to wander in search of food; such bears are called connecting rods. Clumsy in appearance, the brown bear runs extremely fast - at a speed of over 55 km/h, swims excellently and climbs trees well in his youth (in old age he does this more reluctantly). With one blow of his paw, a seasoned bear can break the back of a bull, bison or bison.

Females bear offspring once every 2-4 years. The she-bear brings 2-3 (up to 5) cubs weighing 340-680 g and up to 25 cm long, covered with short sparse hair, blind, with an overgrown ear canal. Their ear canals open on the 14th day; in a month they begin to see clearly. By the age of 3 months, cubs have a full set of baby teeth and begin to eat berries, greens and insects. At this age they weigh about 15 kg; by 6 months - 25 kg. The father does not care for the offspring; the cubs are raised by the female. Often, last year's cubs, the so-called pestuns, stay together with the cubs. They are finally separated from their mother at 3-4 years of age. Life expectancy in nature is 20-30 years, in captivity - up to 47-50 years.

Wolf. Our country is inhabited by one species - the gray wolf. It resembles the East European Shepherd in appearance, but has a broad-browed head and a short muzzle. The ears are smaller, set wider apart, the neck is shorter, thicker, the chest is more developed, deep, lowered (unlike a dog, a wolf’s tail is always lowered - note by the website author). The average weight of males is 35-40 kg. The largest individuals killed in our country reached 80, females - 25-30 kg, rarely more (the wolf's body length reaches 160 cm - note by the website author). The color is lighter than that of a shepherd, more uniform. There are great individual differences in color - some individuals are lighter, others are darker, some have a “strap” along the top of the back, others do not, but the hair on the neck - the mane - or on the cheeks - the sideburns - may be better developed. In the Altai Mountains, wolves live almost everywhere. There are few of them in the snowy North-Eastern Altai and in the highlands.

These predators live in families or packs. Usually there are 6-9 wolves in a pack, sometimes less or more. It consists of animals of three generations: a pair of adults, seasoned; 2-3 young wolves born in the spring of last year - pereyarkov; 3-4 puppies born in the current year are arrived. The leader of the family is usually an adult female - a mature one. When hunting elk, deer or other large animals, the main role is given to the seasoned one, who is larger, stronger and more experienced than the rest of the family members. Wolves' rut takes place in January-February. Pairs form for a long time, sometimes for life. At the end of April and beginning of May, the she-wolf brings from 3 to 10, on average 5-6, dark, almost brown wolf cubs, blind and helpless. In the first days, she does not leave them, takes care of them, licks them thoroughly, and massages their bellies with her tongue. They only sleep, suck milk and grow quickly. On the 12-13th day, their eyes open, they become more mobile, and begin to crawl out of the hole.

In snowless times, wolves feed mainly on all forest and field animals - mice, voles, gophers, hamsters, which are considered pests of forestry and agriculture, as well as birds, frogs, lizards. Many animals from this list pass to them in winter. In addition, wolves willingly eat nuts, berries, some herbaceous plants - lungwort, rhubarb, and eat various fruits. They love watermelons. A wounded or trapped wolf is dangerous to humans. It is not safe to approach him. He will defend himself, he has considerable capabilities - good weight, trained muscles, powerful jaws. Experienced wolf keepers know that in such cases it is impossible to joke with the animal. In most European countries (where wolves still exist) and in America, hunting this animal is prohibited. In a number of countries, the wolf has been released or is about to be released; people are trying to preserve the species

Boar. Wild boars are the most ancient of the Altai ungulates. They have been living in Asia for about 10 million years. They differ from domestic pigs in their taller (up to 1 m) height (body length up to 2 meters - note by the website author). The weight of old cleavers reaches 200-250 kg, females are lighter and smaller in stature.

Wild pigs live in family groups. Each can have several adult females, of which one, usually the oldest and largest, is the leader. Males are allowed to live in the family herd for no more than 1.5 years. After reaching this age, the females drive them away and they are forced to lead an independent lifestyle. In the spring, a female gives birth to an average of 5-6 piglets, with a maximum of 10. The piglets are born well-developed and sighted. They are very active and playful. Already 2-3 hours after birth they start playing and fighting. They are colored in a unique way - well-defined dark stripes run along the body. This coloring camouflages them in thickets of reeds or reeds. After 4-5 months, it gradually changes to the usual plain dark color. By autumn, the weight of piglets reaches 20-30 kg.

Boars are omnivores, but plant foods predominate in their diet. In Altai, they eat green grass (dry in winter), branches and shoots of bushes, the bark of young trees, rhizomes, roots, bulbs and other underground parts of plants, all kinds of insects and their larvae, earthworms, vertebrates - lizards, snakes, frogs, mice, voles, chicks and eggs of birds, dead wild and domestic animals. During the pine nut harvest years, it serves as the basis of food for wild boars from autumn to spring. By storing up to 10-15 kg of fat during the warm period of the year, wild pigs are able to survive the harsh winter season, eating meager food. If there are no nuts, they rummage in non-freezing areas in snowdrifts and near springs, and also look for carrion. An adult wild boar is capable of plowing soil frozen to 15-17 cm with its powerful snout. Under the permafrost layer, it will always find something edible. Wild pigs, if they are little disturbed, repeatedly use the same bedding areas (holes 30-40 cm deep). soil).

The common fox, or red fox (lat. Vulpes vulpes) is a predatory animal. Body length 60-90 cm, tail - 40-60 cm, weight - 6-10 kg. The color and size of foxes vary in different areas; in total there are 40-50 subspecies, not taking into account smaller forms. The most common color: bright red back, white belly, dark paws. Often foxes have brown stripes on the ridge and shoulder blade, similar to a cross. Common distinguishing features: dark ears and white tip of the tail. Externally, the fox is a medium-sized animal with a graceful body on low paws, an elongated muzzle, pointed ears and a long fluffy tail. The fox is a fairly sedentary animal. In most areas it is not characterized by regular migrations. Cases of such are observed only in the tundra, deserts and mountains. In the wild, foxes rarely live more than seven years, often life expectancy does not exceed three. In captivity, animals live up to 20-25 years.

Reproduction Like wolves, foxes breed only once a year. Even in winter, foxes begin to search for places to raise their young, and jealously guard them. There are practically no ownerless holes at this time; in the event of the death of one female, her home is immediately occupied by another. A female is often courted by two or three males, and bloody fights occur between them. Foxes are good parents. Males take an active part in raising their offspring, and also take care of their friends even before the cubs appear. They improve the burrows and even catch fleas from females. If the father dies, another single male takes his place; sometimes the foxes even fight among themselves for the right to become a stepfather. The litter contains from 4-6 to 12-13 puppies, covered with dark brown hair. Outwardly, they resemble wolf cubs, but differ in the white tip of the tail. At two weeks of age, fox cubs begin to see and hear, and their first teeth erupt. Both parents take part in raising fox cubs. The father and mother show extreme caution at this time, and if there is a threat, they will immediately transfer the cubs to a spare hole. They are also forced to hunt around the clock to feed their offspring. Growing puppies begin to leave their “home” early and are often found far from it, while still very small. For a month and a half, the mother feeds the foxes milk; in addition, parents gradually accustom their cubs to regular food, as well as to obtaining it. Soon, the grown-up fox cubs begin to go hunting with their father and mother, playing with each other, pestering their elders, and sometimes endangering the entire family.

The protection of wild animals, in my opinion, is one of the most complex and pressing problems of our time. And its solution is a matter of global importance! In the matter of nature conservation, Russia is a good example for many countries. To preserve the most valuable species of animals and study them in natural conditions, over 130 reserves have been created! In Russia, a lot of work is being done to enrich and protect nature. The success of this largely depends on each of us. Thanks to recent measures taken to protect wild animals, tangible results have been achieved. The number of deer, elk, wild boar and other game animals has increased almost everywhere. Many valuable animals (for example, sable, saiga, beaver), once on the verge of extinction, have now increased in number. Still, the numbers of some animal species are declining in some places. First of all, this concerns the Amur tiger, muskrat, European mink, and bison. All of them are included in the Red Book. It is necessary to tighten measures to protect these animal species.

Animals listed in the Red Book Red wolf Amur tiger

Amur forest cat West Siberian beaver

Daurian hedgehog And others.....

To prevent animals from disappearing, nature reserves, sanctuaries and national parks have been created.

Reserves Reserves - examples of untouched, wild nature - are rightly called natural laboratories. The exclusive role of nature reserves in the conservation and restoration of rare animals, plants, unique landscapes and other nature reserves. Thanks to the activities of the reserves, some rare animals have become commercial animals; they now provide us with furs, medicinal raw materials and other valuable products. The most striking and interesting studies on the ecology of animals and birds were carried out in nature reserves. "Vodlozersky" National Park Kenozersky National Park Transbaikalsky National Park And others

Prioksko-Terrasny Reserve A real pearl of nature in the southern Moscow region, thanks to the unique combination of flora and fauna protected by the reserve. The impressive area of ​​4900 hectares is home to 54 species of mammals: moose, wild boar, martens, weasels, badgers, hares, ..., and occasionally wolves and lynxes. The rich bird fauna of the Prioksko-Terrasny Reserve includes 137 species: finches, warblers, black grouse, wood grouse, hazel grouse, hawks, kites, kestrels, owls, little owls, ... The main attraction of the Prioksko-Terrasny Reserve is the Bison Nursery, where you can see and even pet bison and bison. The bison is a “wild forest bull” - the largest ungulate animal on the European continent, which is rightfully considered a contemporary of the mammoth

If we don't protect nature. If we also behave as we do now, then they will disappear.

Touching the grass with his hooves, A handsome man walks through the forest, Walks boldly and easily, The elk spreads its horns wide

He wears his horns like a royal crown. Eats lichen and green moss. Loves snowy meadows.

Beauties deer

Where the blizzard is angry in the tundra, Where the big land ends, Almost a fox lives there, It’s called...

The tail is a fluffy arch, do you know this animal?

Sharp-toothed, dark-eyed, loves to climb trees.