"Big Seven". "Big Seven" (G7) Big Seven headquarters where is located
Big Seven (G7) is a group of seven industrialized countries: Japan, France, USA, Canada, Italy, Germany and Great Britain (see Fig. 1). The G7 was created during the oil crisis of the 1970s of the last century as an informal club. Main goals of creation:
- coordination of financial and economic relations;
- acceleration of integration processes;
- development and effective implementation of anti-crisis policy;
- searching for all possible ways to overcome contradictions that arise both between the G7 member countries and with other states;
- identifying priorities in the economic and political spheres.
(Fig. 1 - Flags of the G7 member countries)
According to the provisions of the G7, decisions made at meetings should be implemented not only through the system of major international economic organizations (such as the World Trade Organization, the International Monetary Fund, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development), but also through the G7 government institutions.
The decision on the need to hold meetings of the leaders of the above countries was made in connection with the deterioration of relations between Japan, Western Europe and the United States on a number of financial and economic issues. The first meeting was organized by Valéry Giscard d'Estaing (then President of France) in Rambouillet on November 15-17, 1975. It brought together the heads of six countries: Japan, France, Germany, the USA, Italy and Great Britain. Canada joined the club in 1976 at a meeting in Puerto Rico. Since that time, meetings of participating countries began to be called G7 “summits” and take place on a regular basis.
In 1977, the leaders of the European Union arrived as observers at the summit, which was hosted by London. Since then, their participation in these meetings has become a tradition. Since 1982, the scope of the G7's activities has also included political issues.
Russia's first participation in the G7 occurred in 1991, when Mikhail Gorbachev, the President of the USSR, was invited to the summit. But only in June 1997, at a meeting in Denver, a decision was made to join the “club of seven” of Russia. However, Russia still does not take part in the discussion of some issues.
, Germany, Italy, Canada, USA, France and Japan.
The unofficial forum of the leaders of these states (with the participation of the European Commission), within the framework of which approaches to current international problems are coordinated, also bears the same name. According to an unspoken rule, the group's summits are held annually in rotation in each of the member states.
Concept "Big Seven" arose in Russian journalism due to the erroneous decoding of the English abbreviation G7 as Great Seven in the early 1990s, although in reality it stands for Group of Seven.
The G7 is not an international organization, it is not based on an international treaty, and does not have a charter or secretariat. The decisions of the G7 are not binding. As a rule, we are talking about fixing the intention of the parties to adhere to an agreed line or about recommendations to other participants in international life to use certain approaches in resolving certain issues. Since the G7 does not have a charter, it is impossible to officially become a member of this institution.
The term “Big Seven”, a continuation of which became the term “Big Eight”, arose in Russian journalism from the erroneous decoding of the English abbreviation G7 as “Great Seven” (“Big Seven”), although in fact it stands for “Group of Seven” ( "Group of Seven") The first use of the term “Big Seven” was recorded in the article “The Baltics cost Gorbachev $16 billion” in the Kommersant-Vlast magazine dated January 21, 1991.
The idea of holding meetings of leaders of the most industrialized countries in the world arose in the early 1970s in connection with the economic crisis and the deterioration of relations between the United States, Western Europe and Japan on economic and financial issues.
At the first meeting on November 15-17, 1975, at the Rambouillet Palace, on the initiative of the then French President Valéry Giscard d'Estaing, heads of state and government of six countries gathered (since the early 70s, similar meetings were held at the level of finance ministers): France, USA, Great Britain , Germany, Italy and Japan. At the G6 meeting, a Joint Declaration on Economic Issues was adopted, which called for non-aggression in the trade area and refusal to establish new discriminatory barriers.
In 1976, the “six” turned into a “seven”, accepting Canada into its membership, and during 1991-2002 it was gradually transformed (according to the “7+1” scheme) into the “eight” with the participation of Russia. Since 2014, it has been functioning again in the G7 format - after the annexation of Crimea to the Russian Federation, Western countries refused to participate in the work of the G8 and began holding meetings in the G7 format.
The chairman of the “seven” is, during each calendar year, the head of one of the member countries in the following rotation order: France, USA, Great Britain, Germany, Japan, Italy, Canada (since 1981).
In addition to the summer meetings of heads of state, ministerial level meetings are often held:
GDP dynamics in the G8 countries in 1992-2009, as a percentage of the 1992 level.
Meetings of the heads of state and government of the G7 countries are held annually (usually in the summer) on the territory of the chairing state. In addition to the heads of state and government of the member countries, the meetings are attended by two representatives of the European Union, namely the President of the European Commission and the head of the country currently presiding over the EU.
The agenda of the summit is formed by Sherpas - trusted representatives of the leaders of the G7 countries.
The heads of the G20 countries: India, China, South Africa, Mexico, Brazil, in addition, the G20 included South Korea, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, Indonesia, Argentina, Spain, and the heads of international and regional unions (EU, CIS) came.
Since 1996, after a meeting in Moscow, Russia began to take an increasingly active part in the work of the association, and since 1997 it has participated in its work on an equal basis with other participants in the association, which then became the Group of Eight (“G8”).
Russia was the chairing country of the G8 during 2006, at the same time the only summit of this organization on the territory of the Russian Federation took place in St. Petersburg (the meeting that took place in Moscow in 1996 was not recognized as a summit).
The Russian Federation was represented at the summits
January 12, 2016The so-called Group of Seven was formed in the 70s of the twentieth century. It can hardly be called a full-fledged organization. It is rather a simple international forum. Nevertheless, the G7 countries, the list of which is given in this article, have influence on the world political stage.
Briefly about G7
"Big Seven", "Group of Seven" or simply G7 - this club of leading states is called differently in the world. It is a mistake to call this forum an international organization, since this community does not have its own charter and secretariat. And the decisions made by the G7 are not binding.
Initially, the abbreviation G7 included the decoding of “Group of Seven” (in the original: Group of Seven). However, Russian journalists interpreted it as the Great Seven back in the early 1990s. After this, the term “Big Seven” became entrenched in Russian journalism.
Our article lists all the G7 countries (the list is presented below), as well as their capitals.
History of the formation of the international club
Initially, the Group of Seven had a G6 format (Canada joined the club a little later). The leaders of the six leading states of the planet first met in this format in November 1975. The initiator of the meeting was French President Valéry Giscard D'Estaing. The main topics of that meeting were the problems of unemployment, inflation, and the global energy crisis.
In 1976, Canada joined the group, and in the 1990s, the G7 was replenished with Russia, gradually transforming into the G8.
The idea of creating such a forum was in the air back in the early 70s of the last century. The powers that be were prompted to such thoughts by the energy crisis, as well as the worsening relations between Europe and the United States. Since 1976, the G7 has met annually.
The following section lists all G7 countries. The list includes the capitals of all these states. Representatives from each country are also listed (as of 2015).
"Big Seven" countries of the world (list)
Which states are part of the G7 today?
Below are all the G7 countries (list) and their capitals:
- USA, Washington (representative - Barack Obama).
- Canada, Ottawa (Justin Trudeau).
- Japan, Tokyo (Shinzo Abe).
- Great Britain, London (David Cameron).
- Germany, Berlin (Angela Merkel).
- France, Paris (Francois Hollande).
- Italy, Rome (Mateo Renzi).
If you look at the political map, you can conclude that the countries that are part of the G7 are concentrated exclusively in the Northern Hemisphere of the planet. Four of them are in Europe, one is in Asia, and two more states are located in America.
G7 summits
The G7 countries meet annually at their summits. Meetings are held in turn in the cities of each state from among the members of the “Group”. This unspoken rule continues to this day.
A number of famous cities hosted the G7 summits: London, Tokyo, Bonn, St. Petersburg, Munich, Naples and others. Some of them managed to host leading world politicians twice or even three times.
The topics of the G7 meetings and conferences vary. In the 1970s, issues of inflation and unemployment were most often raised, the problem of the rapid rise in oil prices was discussed, and dialogue was being established between East and West. In the 1980s, the G7 became concerned about AIDS and the rapid growth of the world's population. In the early 1990s, the world experienced a lot of major geopolitical cataclysms (the collapse of the USSR and Yugoslavia, the formation of new states, the unification of Germany, etc.). Of course, all these processes became the main topic of discussion at the G7 summits.
The new millennium has presented the world community with new global problems: climate change, food security, poverty, local military conflicts and others.
G7 and Russia
In the mid-90s, Russia began to actively integrate into the work of the G7. Already in 1997, G7, in fact, changed its format and turned into G8.
The Russian Federation remained a member of the elite international club until 2014. In June, the country was even preparing to host the G8 summit in Sochi. However, the leaders of the other seven states refused to take part in it, and the summit was moved to Brussels. The reason for this was the conflict in Ukraine and the fact of annexation of the Crimean Peninsula to the territory of the Russian Federation. The leaders of the USA, Canada, Germany and other G7 countries do not yet see the possibility of returning Russia to the G7.
In conclusion...
The G7 countries (a list of which is presented in this article) undoubtedly have significant influence on world politics. Throughout the history of its existence, the Group of Seven has held several dozen meetings and forums at which pressing issues and global problems were discussed. The members of the G7 are the USA, Canada, Japan, Great Britain, Germany, France and Italy.
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big seven machine, big seven 4
Group of Seven(English Group of Seven, G7) is an international club uniting Great Britain, Germany, Italy, Canada, USA, France and Japan. The same name is given to the informal forum of the leaders of these countries (with the participation of the European Commission), within the framework of which approaches to pressing international problems are coordinated. According to an unspoken rule, the group's summits are held annually in rotation in each of the member states.
The G7 is not an international organization, it is not based on an international treaty, and does not have a charter or secretariat. The decisions of the G7 are not binding. As a rule, we are talking about fixing the intention of the parties to adhere to an agreed line or about recommendations to other participants in international life to use certain approaches in resolving certain issues. Since the G7 does not have a charter, it is impossible to officially become a member of this institution.
In 1997-2014, Russia participated in the work of the group on equal terms with its other members, and the association itself was called the “Group of Eight” (Group of Eight, G8), but after the annexation of Crimea to the Russian Federation, Russia’s membership in the club was suspended.
- 1 Title
- 2 History
- 3 Leaders of the G7
- 4 Chairman
- 5 Meetings (“summits”)
- 6 Leaders of the G7 countries since its creation
- 7 Candidates
- 7.1 Participants
- 8 Summits
- 9 Member countries and their shares of GDP (International Monetary Fund)
- 10 Topics and meeting places of the G7
- 11 Russia and the G7. "Big Eight" (1997-2014)
- 12 Names of councils
- 13 See also
- 14 Notes
- 15 Links
Name
The term “Big Seven”, a continuation of which became the term “Big Eight”, arose in Russian journalism from the erroneous decoding of the English abbreviation G7 as “Great Seven” (“Big Seven”), although in fact it stands for “Group of Seven” ( "Group of Seven") The first use of the term “Big Seven” was recorded in the article “The Baltics cost Gorbachev $16 billion,” Kommersant newspaper dated January 21, 1991.
Story
The G6 arose at a meeting of the heads of state and government of France, the USA, Great Britain, Germany, Italy and Japan at the Rambouillet Palace on November 15-17, 1975 (since the early 70s, similar meetings were held at the level of finance ministers). In 1976, the “six” turned into a “seven”, accepting Canada into its membership, and during 1991-2002 it was gradually transformed (according to the “7+1” scheme) into the “eight” with the participation of Russia.
The idea of holding meetings of leaders of the most industrialized countries in the world arose in the early 70s in connection with the economic crisis and the deterioration of relations between the United States, Western Europe and Japan on economic and financial issues.
The first meeting (November 15-17, 1975), on the initiative of the then French President Valéry Giscard d'Estaing, brought together the heads of state and government of six countries: the USA, Japan, France, Great Britain, Germany, and Italy. The meeting adopted a Joint Declaration on Economic Issues, which called for non-aggression in the trade area and the refusal to establish new discriminatory barriers.
Subsequently, meetings are held annually.
Leaders of the G7
State | Representative | Job title | Authority with | Authority up to | Photo |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
David Cameron | Prime Minister of Great Britain | May 11, 2010 | |||
Germany Germany | Angela Merkel | Federal Chancellor of Germany | November 22, 2005 | ||
Canada Canada | Stephen Harper | Prime Minister of Canada | February 6, 2006 | ||
Italy Italy | Matteo Renzi | Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Italy | February 22, 2014 | ||
USA USA | Barack Obama | US President | January 20, 2009 | ||
France France | Francois Hollande | President of the French Republic | May 15, 2012 | ||
Japan Japan | Shinzo Abe | Prime Minister of Japan | December 26, 2012 | ||
Donald Tusk | President of the European Council | December 1, 2014 | |||
Jean-Claude Juncker | President of the European Commission | November 1, 2014 |
Chairman
The chairman of the “seven” is, during each calendar year, the head of one of the member countries in the following rotation order: France, USA, Great Britain, Russia (since 2006), Germany, Japan, Italy, Canada (since 1981).
Meetings (“summits”)
Meetings of the heads of state and government of the G7 countries are held annually (usually in the summer) on the territory of the chairing state. In addition to the heads of state and government of the member countries, the meetings are attended by two representatives of the European Union, namely the President of the European Commission and the head of the country currently presiding over the EU.
The agenda of the summit is formed by Sherpas - trusted representatives of the leaders of the G7 countries.
Leaders of the G7 countries since its creation
Great Britain - Prime Ministers- Harold Wilson (until 1976)
- James Callaghan (1976-1979)
- Margaret Thatcher (1979-1990)
- John Major (1990-1997)
- Tony Blair (1997-2007)
- Gordon Brown (2007-2010)
- David Cameron (since 2010)
- Helmut Schmidt (until 1982)
- Helmut Kohl (1982-1998)
- Gerhard Schröder (1998-2005)
- Angela Merkel (since 2005)
- Aldo Moro (until 1976)
- Giulio Andreotti (1976-1979)
- Francesco Cossiga (1979-1980)
- Arnaldo Forlani (1980-1981)
- Giovanni Spadolini (1981-1982)
- Amintore Fanfani (1982-1983)
- Bettino Craxi (1983-1987)
- Amintore Fanfani (1987)
- Giovanni Goria (1987-1988)
- Ciriaco de Mita (1988-1989)
- Giulio Andreotti (1989-1992)
- Giuliano Amato (1992-1993)
- Carlo Azeglio Ciampi (1993-1994)
- Silvio Berlusconi (1994-1995)
- Lamberto Dini (1995-1996)
- Romano Prodi (1996-1998)
- Massimo D'Alema (1998-2000)
- Giuliano Amato (2000-2001)
- Silvio Berlusconi (2001-2006)
- Romano Prodi (2006-2008)
- Silvio Berlusconi (2008-2011)
- Mario Monti (2011-2013)
- Enrico Letta (2013-2014)
- Matteo Renzi (since 2014)
- Pierre Elliott Trudeau (until 1979)
- Joe Clark (1979-1980)
- Pierre Elliott Trudeau (1980-1984)
- John Turner (1984)
- Brian Mulroney (1984-1993)
- Kim Campbell (1993)
- Jean Chrétien (1993-2003)
- Paul Martin (2003-2006)
- Stephen Harper (since 2006)
- Boris Yeltsin (1997-1999)
- Vladimir Putin (2000-2008)
- Dmitry Medvedev (2008-2012)
- Vladimir Putin (2012-2014)
- Gerald Ford (until 1977)
- Jimmy Carter (1977-1981)
- Ronald Reagan (1981-1989)
- George Bush (1989-1993)
- Bill Clinton (1993-2001)
- George W. Bush (2001-2009)
- Barack Obama (since 2009)
- Valéry Giscard d'Estaing (until 1981),
- Francois Mitterrand (1981-1995),
- Jacques Chirac (1995-2007)
- Nicolas Sarkozy (2007-2012)
- Francois Hollande (since 2012)
- Takeo Miki (until 1976)
- Takeo Fukuda (1976-1978)
- Masayoshi Ohira (1978-1980)
- Zenko Suzuki (1980-1982)
- Yasuhiro Nakasone (1982-1987)
- Noboru Takeshita (1987-1989)
- Sosuke Uno (1989)
- Toshiki Kaifu (1989-1991)
- Kiichi Miyazawa (1991-1993)
- Morihiro Hosakawa (1993-1994)
- Tsutomu Hata (1994)
- Tomiichi Murayama (1994-1996)
- Ryutaro Hashimoto (1996-1998)
- Keizo Obuchi (1998-2000)
- Yoshiro Mori (2000-2001)
- Junichiro Koizumi (2001-2006)
- Shinzo Abe (2006-2007)
- Yasuo Fukuda (2007-2008)
- Taro Aso (2008-2009)
- Yukio Hatoyama(2009-2010)
- Naoto Kan (2010-2011)
- Yoshihiko Noda (2011-2012)
- Shinzo Abe (since 2012)
Candidates
- European Union (since 1977) - Chairman of the Commission of the European Communities / European Commission -
- Roy Jenkins (1977-1981),
- Gaston Thorne (1981-1985),
- Jacques Delors (1985-1995),
- Jacques Santerre (1995-1999),
- Romano Prodi (1999 - November 21, 2004),
- Jose Manuel Duran Barroso (from November 22, 2004, term of office until 2014).
- Leader of the EU Presidency:
- 2003 I - Jose Maria Aznar (Spain),
- II - Silvio Berlusconi (Italy),
- 2004 I - Bertie Ahern (Ireland),
- II - Jan Peter Balkenende (Netherlands),
- 2005 I - Jean-Claude Juncker (Luxembourg),
- II - Tony Blair (Great Britain).
- 2006 Austria and Finland, 2007 - Germany and Portugal, 2008 Austria
- Representatives from China (Hu Jintao) and India (Manmohan Singh) are also participating. Brazil (Luis Inacio Lula da Silva) (2005), Mexico (Vicente Fox), South Africa (Thabo Mbeki), UN (Ban Ki-moon), Spain.
Participants
The heads of the G20 countries: India, China, South Africa, Mexico, Brazil, in addition, the G20 included South Korea, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, Indonesia, Argentina, Spain, and the heads of international and regional unions (EU, CIS) came.
Summits
Date | Host country | Host Country Leader | Place | Initiatives |
---|---|---|---|---|
November 15-17, 1975 | France France | Jean-Pierre Fourcade | Chateau de Rambouillet, Rambouillet | |
June 27-28, 1976 | USA USA | Rafael Hernandez Colon | Dorado Beach Hotel, Dorado, Puerto Rico | |
May 7-8, 1977 | UK UK | Denis Healey | 10 Downing Street, London | |
July 16-17, 1978 | Germany Germany | Hans Matthofer | Official residence of the Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany Bonn | |
June 28-29, 1979 | Japan Japan | Masayoshi Ohira | Tokyo | |
May 28-30, 1983 | USA USA | Ronald Reagan | Colonial Williamsburg, Williamsburg, Virginia | |
June 19-23, 1988 | Canada Canada | Michael Wilson | Metro Toronto Convention Centre, Ontario | |
July 9-11, 1990 | USA USA | James Baker | Rice University and other locations in the Museum District Houston, Texas | |
June 1994 | Italy Italy | Lamberto Dini | Naples | |
June 15-17, 1995 | Canada Canada | Paul Martin | Summit Place, Halifax, Nova Scotia | |
June 27-29, 1996 | France France | Jean Arthuis | Musée d'art contemporain de Lyon, Lyon | initiative for the 42 heavily indebted poor countries, founding of G20 |
June 19, 1999 | Germany Germany | Gerhard Schröder | Cologne | Financial Stability Forum and G20 |
February 11-13, 2001 | Italy Italy | Vincenzo Visco | Palermo | |
February 6-8, 2010 | Canada Canada | Jim Flaherty | Toronto, Ontario | |
May 10-11, 2013 | UK UK | George Osborne | Hartwell House Hotel and Spa, Aylesbury | |
March 24, 2014 | European Union European Union | Mark Rutte | Catshuis, The Hague, Netherlands | |
June 4-5, 2014 | European Union European Union | Herman Van Rompuy | Brussels, Belgium | |
June 7-8, 2015 | Germany Germany | Angela Merkel | Bavaria, Germany |
- 25th G8 Summit (1999)
- 26th G8 Summit (2000)
- 27th G8 Summit (2001)
- 28th G8 Summit (2002)
- 29th G8 Summit (2003)
- 30th G8 Summit (2004)
- 31st G8 Summit (2005)
- 32nd G8 Summit (2006)
- 33rd G8 Summit (2007)
- 34th G8 Summit (2008)
- 35th G8 Summit (2009)
- 36th G8 Summit (2010)
- 37th G8 Summit (2011)
- 38th G8 Summit (2012)
- 39th G8 Summit (2013)
- The 40th G8 summit (2014) was planned to be held in Sochi (Krasnodar region, Russia) on June 4 and 5, but due to recent events around Crimea, the summit was moved to Brussels.
Member countries and their shares of GDP (International Monetary Fund)
GDP dynamics in the G8 countries in 1992-2009, as a percentage of the 1992 level.- France
- Germany
- Italy
- Japan
- United Kingdom
- Canada (since 1976)
- Russia (1997-2014)
2006 | Population | GDP | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Million | % | Billion $ | % | |
World | 6345,1 | 100,0 | 66228,7 | 100 |
USA | 302,5 | 4,77 | 13543,3 | 20,45 |
Japan | 127,7 | 2,01 | 4346,0 | 6,56 |
Germany | 82,4 | 1,3 | 2714,5 | 4,2 |
United Kingdom | 60,2 | 0,95 | 2270,9 | 3,43 |
France | 64,1 | 1,01 | 2117,0 | 3,2 |
Russia | 142,5 | 2,25 | 2076,0 | 3,13 |
Italy | 59,1 | 0,93 | 1888,5 | 2,85 |
Canada | 32,9 | 0,52 | 1217,1 | 1,84 |
Countries "Big" eights together |
871,4 | 13,73 | 30006 | 45,56 |
Topics and meeting places of the G7
- 1975 Rambouillet Unemployment, inflation, energy crisis, structural reform of the international monetary system.
- 1976 San Juan International trade, relations between East and West.
- 1977 London Youth unemployment, the role of the IMF in stabilizing the world economy, alternative energy sources that reduce the dependence of developed countries on oil exporters.
- 1978 Bonn Measures to curb inflation, assistance to developing countries through the World Bank and regional development banks.
- 1979 Tokyo Rising oil prices, energy shortages, the need to develop nuclear energy, the problem of refugees from Indochina.
- 1980 Venice Rising oil prices, increasing foreign debt of developing countries, Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, international terrorism.
- 1981 Montebello The growth of the world's population, economic relations with the East taking into account the security interests of the West, the situation in the Middle East, the build-up of weapons in the USSR.
- 1982 Versailles Development of economic relations with the USSR and Eastern European countries, the situation in Lebanon.
- 1983 Williamsburg The financial situation in the world, the debts of developing countries, arms control.
- 1984 London The beginning of the recovery of the world economy, the Iran-Iraq conflict, the fight against international terrorism, support for democratic values.
- 1985 Bonn The dangers of economic protectionism, environmental policy, cooperation in the field of science and technology.
- 1986 Tokyo Determination of medium-term tax and financial policies, ways to combat international terrorism, the disaster at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant.
- 1987 Venice The situation in agriculture, lowering interest rates on external debts for the poorest countries, global climate change, perestroika in the USSR.
- 1988 Toronto The role of Asia-Pacific countries in international trade, the debts of the poorest countries and changes in the payment schedule to the Paris Club, the beginning of the withdrawal of Soviet troops from Afghanistan, the contingents of Soviet troops in Eastern Europe.
- 1989 Paris Dialogue with the “Asian Tigers”, the economic situation in Yugoslavia, developing a strategy towards debtor countries, the rise of drug addiction, cooperation in the fight against AIDS, human rights in China, economic reforms in Eastern Europe, the Arab-Israeli conflict.
- 1990 London Investments and loans for the countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the situation in the USSR and assistance to the Soviet Union in creating a market economy, creating a favorable investment climate in developing countries, the unification of Germany.
- 1991 Houston Financial assistance to war-affected Gulf countries, migration to G7 countries, non-proliferation of nuclear, chemical, biological and conventional weapons.
- 1992 Munich Environmental problems, support for market reforms in Poland, relations with the CIS countries, ensuring the safety of nuclear facilities in these countries, partnership between the G7 and Asia-Pacific countries, the role of the OSCE in ensuring equal rights for national and other minorities, the situation in the former Yugoslavia.
- 1993 Tokyo The situation in countries with economies in transition, the destruction of nuclear weapons in the CIS, compliance with the missile technology control regime, the deterioration of the situation in the former Yugoslavia, efforts for a peaceful settlement in the Middle East.
- 1994 Naples Economic development in the Middle East, nuclear security in Central and Eastern Europe and the CIS, international crime and money laundering, the situation in Sarajevo, North Korea after the death of Kim Il Sung.
- 1995 Halifax A new form of holding summits, reform of international institutions - the IMF, the World Bank, prevention of economic crises and a strategy for overcoming them, the situation in the former Yugoslavia.
- 1996 Moscow(meeting) Nuclear security, the fight against illegal trade in nuclear materials, the situation in Lebanon and the Middle East peace process, the situation in Ukraine.
- 1996 Lyon(summit) Global partnership, integration of countries with economies in transition into the world economic community, international terrorism, the situation in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
- 1997 Denver Aging population, development of small and medium-sized businesses, ecology and children's health, spread of infectious diseases, transnational organized crime, human cloning, UN reform, space exploration, anti-personnel mines, political situation in Hong Kong, the Middle East, Cyprus and Albania.
- 1998 Birmingham New meeting format - "leaders only", finance ministers and foreign ministers hold meetings in the run-up to summits. Global and regional security.
- 1999 Cologne The social significance of economic globalization, debt forgiveness for the poorest countries, the fight against international crime in the financial sector.
- 2000 Nago The impact of information technology development on economics and finance, tuberculosis control, education, biotechnology, conflict prevention.
- 2001 Genoa Development problems, poverty alleviation, food security, the problem of ratification of the Kyoto Protocol, nuclear disarmament, the role of non-governmental organizations, the situation in the Balkans and the Middle East.
- 2002 Kananaskis Assistance to developing countries in Africa, combating terrorism and strengthening global economic growth, ensuring the security of international cargo.
- 2003 Evian-les-Bains Economics, sustainable development, and security and counter-terrorism.
- 2004 Sea Island Issues of global economics and security, the situation in Iraq and the Middle East, relations between Russia and Japan, problems of freedom of speech.
- 2005 Gleneagles Global climate change and assistance to the poorest countries in Africa.
- 2006 St. Petersburg Energy security, demography and education, strengthening and expanding cooperation in the fight against terrorism. The situation in the Middle East.
- 2007 Heiligendamm Fighting global climate change and helping the poorest countries in Africa
- 2008 Toyako Combating rising food and fuel prices, as well as inflation in general.
- 2009 L'Aquila Global world economic crisis of 2008-2009.
- 2010 Huntsville
- 2011 Deauville Civil war in Libya. Energy issues and climate change, food security and nutrition, economic transformation in Afghanistan, changes in the Middle East and North Africa.
- 2014 Brussels The situation in Ukraine. Discussion of expanding sanctions against Russia.
Russia and the G7. "Big Eight" (1997-2014)
Since 1996, after the meeting in Moscow, Russia began to take an increasingly active part in the work of the association, and since 1997 it has participated in its work on an equal basis with other participants in the association, which then became the Group of Eight (“Big Eight”).
Russia was the chairing country of the G8 during 2006 (chairman - Vladimir Putin), at the same time the only summit of this organization on the territory of the Russian Federation took place in St. Petersburg (the meeting that took place in Moscow in 1996 was not recognized as a summit) . The stated priorities of Russia's G8 presidency are energy security, education, combating the spread of infectious diseases and other relevant topics (fighting terrorism, non-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, resolving regional conflicts, developing the world economy and finance, developing international trade, preserving environment).
At the 2012 summit, the Russian Federation was represented by Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev. President Vladimir Putin refused to participate in the meeting, citing the need to continue forming the Government. Dmitry Medvedev explained his appearance at the summit by the need to maintain the chosen course of foreign policy. This decision caused criticism in the US media.
On the initiative of Russia, youth summits of the group have been held since 2006. Every year, on the initiative of the League of International Youth Diplomacy, a Russian delegation is formed on the basis of a competitive selection.
On January 1, 2014, Russia assumed the presidency of the G8. A summit of G8 leaders was planned for June 4-5, 2014 in Sochi. However, on March 3, 2014, in connection with the Crimean crisis, the leaders of all countries except Russia announced the suspension of participation in the summit. There was also a proposal to exclude Russia from the G8.
On March 18, 2014, French Foreign Minister Laurent Fabius said that Western countries had agreed to suspend Russia’s participation in the G7.
On March 20, 2014, Angela Merkel said: “As long as there are no political conditions for such an important format as the G8, there is no longer a G8 itself - neither a summit nor a format as such.”
In April 2015, German Foreign Minister Frank-Walter Steinmeier said that “the road lies through the implementation of the Minsk agreements, the resolution of the conflict in Ukraine and the fulfillment by Russia of its obligations. There is no disagreement on this matter. This is the common position of the G7."
On May 12, 2015, press secretary of the US presidential administration John Earnest said during a press conference that in connection with Russia’s policy on the Ukrainian crisis, it is currently “difficult to imagine” the possibility of reviving the G8 format with Russia’s participation.
- Council of Heads of Industrial States
- Council of Finance Ministers
- Council of Foreign Ministers
- Council of Ministers of Education
- Council of Attorneys General
- Council of Speakers of Parliaments of Industrial States
See also
- G20
- Opposition between North and South
- G8 meeting in 2007
- Islamic Eight or "D-8"
- Civil Eight
- Live 8
- Sherpa (position)
- Youth Eight
Notes
- G7 finance ministers and central bank governors will meet in Rome. RIA Novosti (February 13, 2009). Retrieved August 13, 2010. Archived from the original on August 25, 2011.
- Yahoo! Search - Web Search
- G8 Summit 2012 (English). Retrieved May 30, 2012. Archived from the original on June 24, 2012.
- Telephone conversation with US President Barack Obama (Russian). Retrieved May 30, 2012. Archived from the original on June 24, 2012.
- Dmitry Medvedev held a press conference for representatives of the Russian media following the meeting of the heads of state and government of the Group of Eight at Camp David (Russian). Retrieved May 31, 2012. Archived from the original on June 24, 2012.
- Putin sends Medvedev (Russian) in his place to the G8 summit. Retrieved May 31, 2012. Archived from the original on June 24, 2012.
- Putin's reasons for skipping the G8 summit did not convince the US press (Russian). Retrieved May 31, 2012. Archived from the original on June 24, 2012.
- Chairmanship of the G8 passed to Russia - Interfax
- All G7 countries have frozen preparations for the G8 summit in Sochi
- Russia G8 status at risk over "incredible act of aggression" in Crimea, says Kerry.
- French Foreign Minister: Western countries agreed to suspend Russia's participation in the G8.
- Merkel does not believe that the G8 format makes sense under current conditions.
- The German Foreign Minister hopes that the G7 will again become the G8. BBC Russian Service (04/15/2015).
- Press Briefing by Press Secretary Josh Earnest, 5-12-2015 The White House
Links
- Official Russian website of the G8
- Statistical collections "Group of Eight" on the Rosstat website
- G8 Information Center - University of Toronto, Canada
- About the Group of Eight on the HSE website
- Big Eight. Article in the Around the World encyclopedia.
- What is the G8, and why is Russia included in it? (“In The National Interest”, USA). Article in InoSMI.
Geopolitics and “power” in international relations | |
---|---|
Types of power | Economic power · Food power · Soft power · Hard power · Smart power · Political power (Machtpolitik Realpolitik) |
Power and comparative statuses most important states |
Hyperpower · Superpower (Potential Superpower · Military Superpower · Nuclear Superpower · Energy Superpower) · Great Power · Regional Power · Near Power · Nuclear Power · Space Power · Energy Power |
Historical geopolitics and hegemony | Historical superpowers · Historical powers · Colonial powers · European "age" · Asian "age" · Roman "peace" · Mongol "peace" · British "peace" · American "peace" · Soviet "peace" · Chinese "peace" · others "worlds" · Central Powers · Axis Powers · Allies |
Theory and history | Balance of power (Military-strategic parity) · Historical power · Power transition theory · Second superpower · Collapse of a superpower · Collapse of a superpower · Euro-Atlanticism |
Organizations and groups | Big Seven (G7)· G20 · Group of 77 (G77) · BRICS · Group of Eleven · SCO · NATO · CSTO · ANZUS · OPEC · Group 5+1 |
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Big Seven Information About
" - regular meetings at the highest level of the leaders of the seven most economically developed countries (USA, Japan, Germany, France, Italy, Great Britain, Canada), held to develop common (strategic) political as well as economic decisions. The Russian Federation is leading the line to transform "B .s. into the G8 due to Russia's entry into it.
Large legal dictionary. - M.: Infra-M. A. Ya. Sukharev, V. E. Krutskikh, A. Ya. Sukharev. 2003 .
See what the "BIG SEVEN" is in other dictionaries:
- “BIG SEVEN” (English Group of Seven, abbr. G7), an association of seven leading economically developed countries, which includes the USA, Germany, Japan. UK, France, Italy and Canada. The group took shape in 1976. Since then, the heads of these states... ... Encyclopedic Dictionary
Big Eight The Big Eight (English: Group of eight, G8) is an international club that unites the governments of the most industrialized democracies in the world (“Group of Seven” or Big Seven (G7)) and Russia. The unofficial forum is also called... Wikipedia
Big Seven (Group of Seven)- (Group of 7, G7), a group of seven leading industrialized democrats. countries B.s. was created in 1975 with the aim of coordinating efforts to ensure the growth and stability of the world economy and maintaining exchange rates. currencies Initially in... ... Peoples and cultures
Regular summit meetings of the leaders of the seven most economically developed countries (USA, Japan, Germany, France, Italy, UK, Canada), held to develop common strategic political, etc. economic... ... Encyclopedic Dictionary of Economics and Law
Big seven Large legal dictionary
“BIG SEVEN”- regular summit meetings of the leaders of the seven most economically developed countries (USA, Japan, Germany, France, Italy, Great Britain, Canada), held to develop common (strategic) political, as well as economic... Large legal dictionary
BIG SEVEN- (Big even) regular meetings of the heads of state and government of seven leading Western countries (USA, Japan, Germany, France, Great Britain, Italy, Canada), at which the current economic situation in the world is assessed and undertaken... ... Foreign economic explanatory dictionary
big seven finance ministers- a group of finance ministers of the seven largest industrialized countries of Canada, France, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Japan and the United States of the G7. Recently, the Russian Finance Minister has also been invited to G7 meetings.… … Financial and investment explanatory dictionary
"Big Seven"- an international political institution of “great powers” that organize regular summit meetings to discuss strategic issues. The G7 includes the USA, Japan, Germany, France, Great Britain, Italy and Canada. These countries, for... ... Geoeconomic dictionary-reference book
Regular summit meetings of the leaders of the seven most economically developed countries (USA, Japan, Germany, France, Italy, UK, Canada), held to develop common (strategic) political, as well as economic... Legal dictionary
Books
- Open systems. DBMS No. 04/2016, Open systems. In the issue: Innovation Accelerators: Big Seven OS, version 2017 Open Systems Magazine. DBMS traditionally ends the year with a review of technologies that will “make” the coming year. Exactly… e-book
- Open systems. DBMS No. 10/2014, Open systems. In the issue: The advent of the third platform: the “Big Seven” OS, version 2015 Against the background of the current macroeconomic situation, forecasts for the development of the IT industry for 2015 do not promise drastic...