Business plan for pressing waste paper. Reception and recycling of paper waste - saving nature and a way to run a profitable business
Considering that, according to expert estimates, Russians throw away over 100 million tons of paper per year, and waste paper is accepted from $50 per ton, there is no doubt that this business is profitable. But let's give it anyway specific numbers: According to experts, the profitability of the waste paper collection business ranges from 30 to 50%: - agree, there is something to think about.
This business is especially attractive because you can start it simply - using your garage as a temporary warehouse. The big plus is that this business is not particularly tied to location, which means there is no need to spend money on special storage facilities (according to at least, at first). You also need to get a small truck or trailer. In fact, this will be the main starting capital.
As a rule, full-time staff will help you initial stage no need - just notify the maximum number of friends and strangers, working in organizations that throw away a lot of paper about how much you pay per ton.
Everyone determines the specific amount of payment independently, not forgetting, however, that your competitors are also trying to motivate these same people. Ideally, you should notify as soon as possible more people related to government agencies, schools, office centers and printing houses about their offer. If you manage to establish a fairly extensive network of paper suppliers, you will be provided with uninterrupted supplies of waste paper for a long time, since this business has virtually no seasonality.
However, even if you have regular suppliers, constantly inform others about your services. Experienced waste paper collectors recommend producing and placing information on waste collection on the sides of the vehicle and distributing Business Cards anyone who may be potentially useful in the future.
Don't forget about schoolchildren. And although the times of the Timurites are long gone, there will always be teenagers who want to earn extra money - and this, by the way, is a very powerful workforce. Among other things, schoolchildren can easily interview neighbors on the street and bring the collected newspapers in a wheelbarrow directly to the collection point.
So that you don’t have to set up a time and travel around all the areas where you have independent “partners” to collect found waste paper, it is worth organizing stationary points in each district of the city. These points could logically again be the garages of your “largest” assistants. Of course, in this case you will have to slightly increase the purchase price for this item. On the other hand, you do not invest money in renting premises and the salary of the receptionist.
And of course, it is necessary to notify residents of the area about the presence of a collection point. Usually, all you need to do is put up a few signs, and your “intelligence network” will do the rest.
Well, of course, accepted waste paper should be paid not per ton, but per kilogram (from 50 kopecks per kilogram).
At this stage, it is no longer possible to do without investing in weighing equipment. But by that time you will already have a constant profit, part of which you will invest in expanding the network of collection points.
As in any business, a novice entrepreneur will have to make the main efforts at the very beginning. And if he copes with the initial stage of creating an agent network and developing a regular clientele among commercial enterprises and government agencies, then his future in this business will be very bright. Because no matter how the situation in the economy develops, no matter how acute the economic crisis In our bureaucratic state, paper waste has always existed and will always exist. This means that the business of collecting waste paper is almost eternal.
You can provide yourself with tax-free income and also save forested areas from cutting down. All that is needed to develop such a source of additional income is a small initial capital for the purchase of a truck or trailer for a car, for transportation of collected recyclable materials, as well as funds for the purchase of unnecessary paper products from the population.
Waste paper collection as a business- this is a great way to ensure additional income V free time or during a crisis period of unemployment. At proper organization and a skillful approach to business, you can get an annual income of 1.5 - 2 million rubles. This work does not require special equipment or qualified employees.
Depending on the starting capital, you can start developing a business alone, and later hire schoolchildren as assistants who want to earn extra money after classes. They will do all the work of organizing the notification of residents of residential buildings about the collection of waste paper, and loading it into the car.
Transport
First you need to develop business plan for waste paper as income-generating material. This is a fairly light and voluminous recyclable material that needs to be transported to your own warehouse by a vehicle with a carrying capacity of at least several cubic meters.
In this case, the weight of each cubic meter will not exceed 0.5 tons, which means a heavy-duty vehicle is not needed here. The following types of transport are quite suitable for such purposes:
- all-metal van;
- Gazelle flatbed truck;
- minibus;
- station wagon;
- car with trailer;
You also need to take into account the vehicle’s fuel consumption, for example, on trucks such as Kamaz, it will be unprofitable to travel 100 km to buy just a ton of waste paper, so a compact van or the same car with a trailer would be more appropriate here.
Warehouse space
For those who want to know, how to open a waste paper collection point, the following information regarding the choice will be interesting warehouse and its size.
Initially, you can use an ordinary garage as a storage room; also, an outbuilding in rural areas. Since renting a large premises is quite expensive, and the initial collection of recyclable materials will not cover such waste.
Determine the size of the room, very important question, since excess free footage will incur unnecessary waste, and too small size will not allow for proper development waste paper business. To do this, determine the area of the city in which the collection work is carried out and the monthly volume of purchased recyclables.
Stages of business development
First stage
Many companies develop their business by recycling waste paper; they set the price for collecting this recyclable material throughout the region, which means that you need to start developing your business by establishing contacts with representatives of such organizations. Initially, you need to determine the following factors influencing your own:
- wholesale and retail prices for all brands of waste paper;
- minimum and maximum volume of accepted products;
- conditions for delivery of goods from a personal warehouse to the factory premises;
- and most importantly, acceptable standards the level of contamination of recyclable materials with foreign substances or moisture content.
Second phase
The second stage can be considered the beginning of direct work. After choosing a vehicle, preparing a warehouse and concluding an agreement with a processing company, all that remains is to find a source of waste paper, these can be considered:
- educational establishments;
- accounting institutions;
- offices;
- mail;
- the shops:
- residential buildings;
such places can supply:
- unused unbleached paper or its waste;
- printed publications;
- cardboard containers;
- paper packaging bags;
many people will be happy to get rid of such garbage without any financial compensation. For example, they take up a huge amount of space in the premises, their disposal costs money, so an offer to get rid of unnecessary worries for free will be accepted. Educational establishments They also have similar archives that have been collecting tons of waste paper for years. A similar situation exists with stores; they, as a rule, receive goods in cardboard packaging, and then dispose of it in the nearest trash container.
Worth knowing! The average is $20.
Information advertising
Collection of waste paper as a business will bring in constantly growing income only if the work develops and covers new territories all the time, and for this it is necessary to inform people about your activities.
Nowadays, there are many paid and free advertising methods own business, it could be:
- newspaper advertising;
- notices posted at bus stops;
- posting a note on the yellow pages;
- creating a page in in social networks with the proposed waste paper removal services;
- advertising on a local TV channel or radio station;
The larger the customer base, the higher the profit and net income from the work done.
According to statistics, more than 100 million tons are thrown into garbage every year in Russia paper waste, if converted into monetary equivalent, the amount will be 8 billion dollars. How much of this money you can earn will depend only on own desire work.
In European countries up to 80% household waste returns back to production. In Russia, the system for collecting recyclable materials is being revived. This is economically beneficial for processors, and gives many entrepreneurs a good chance to open their own business with minimal investment in 2017.
About 4 million hectares of land are occupied in Russia garbage dumps, and it is no coincidence that 2017 has been declared the year of ecology. IN federal budget funds have been allocated for preferential lending for waste disposal activities. For those who are starting a business from scratch, ideas for collecting recyclable materials will be interesting, since this business does not require large investments, and the need of enterprises is constantly growing. Since there are a lot of varieties of “useful waste,” we will review the recyclable materials in demand in Russia.
What types of waste are in demand?
Expecting to open a business in 2017, you need to know what waste is of interest to existing producers in the city or region. Demand and prices for them are determined by actual and potential buyers. The most profitable is considered to be the processing of ferrous and non-ferrous metals, glass and waste paper (Table 1).
Type of recyclable materials | Inferred resources, million tons | Type of production | Share in the finished product, % |
|
---|---|---|---|---|
Scrap ferrous metals | steel foundry | |||
Car tires (crumb rubber, reclaimed) | rubber | |||
Blast furnace slag, thermal power plant, ash, mining and processing waste | building materials (crushed stone, gravel, sand) | |||
Plastic waste | products made from thermoplastic polymers | |||
glass breaker | ||||
Waste paper | cardboard and paper |
Recycled raw materials in Russia are used in almost all industries, and the demand for them is growing. Prices vary in different regions, they are determined by the needs of local producers.
1. Car tires.
This is one of the most promising directions to start a business from scratch, ideas in this direction deserve special attention. The volume of discarded tires in Russia in 2015 was about 940 thousand tons. More than 80% goes to landfill (of which 20% is burned), and only 17% is mechanically recycled. The content of usable components is shown in table. 2, potential market capacity - in Fig. 1.
Most often, used tires are processed into crumb rubber. The material is 2-3 times cheaper than synthetic rubber. The market is located in initial stage development, but prices have already formed, demand has appeared and sustainable supply. Certain requirements are imposed on the feedstock: the waste must comply with GOST 8407-89, it must be clean, have a residual layer of rubber, and intact sides. Typically, tires on rims, with studs, and mixed rubber-metal products are not accepted.
2. Waste paper
During 2013-2015, prices for waste paper increased by almost 60%; its export is currently prohibited, and sales are exempt from VAT. This is a traditional raw material in demand on the market; GOST 10700-97 has been developed for it. According to this document, the paper used is divided into 15 classes based on composition and 3 quality groups. The most expensive variety: white drawing, writing, copying (MS-1A), the cheapest - wallpaper, packaging, poster (MS-13B).
Raw materials are universally accepted for processing by factories producing:
- paper, containers, corrugated cardboard packaging (relevant ones included);
- linoleum, roofing insulating materials, vinyl leather;
- toilet paper, napkins, disposable medical linen.
The quality requirements depend on the direction of recycling. The paper must be cleaned, sorted, packaged (pressed) into briquettes weighing 50 kg or more. This processing saves warehouse space and reduces transportation costs.
3. Scrap metal (ferrous and non-ferrous).
The most profitable business, however, its organization is the most expensive of all types of recycling collection. This is due to the need to obtain a license; the rules and conditions for obtaining it, as well as handling scrap metal, are regulated by two main regulations:
- on licensing of procurement, storage, processing - No. 1287, 12/12/2012;
- on the handling of scrap and waste of non-ferrous metals - No. 370, 05/11/2001.
Procurement includes the purchase of scrap from individuals and organizations, transportation and sales. Mandatory requirements: drawing up acceptance certificates, monitoring for radioactivity and explosion safety. This entails the purchase of special equipment, training and confirmation of the qualifications of workers.
License terms, OKVED codes for ferrous metal and non-ferrous metal - different. This competitive look activities, however, in regions with developed metallurgical and metalworking industries, it brings in good income. The opportunity to open your own business in this area is simplified if you use a franchise offer, they are presented on the market.
4. Used batteries.
About 65% of the metal that is used in the production of new batteries is recovered from old batteries. The main part is lead (up to 17 kg), and in addition: nickel, zinc, cobalt, silver oxides. This is economically beneficial for enterprises, so the average acceptance prices for this type of recyclable materials are high. For example, in Novosibirsk there are more than 50 companies that buy batteries, and the cost ranges from 570 (45Ah) to 3,400 (220Ah) rubles.
Common places for collecting batteries: garage cooperatives, active roadways, transport companies, car repair services. Reception centers are usually located there and advertisements are posted there. If you consider that most car owners are simply too lazy to specifically look for a place to return a used battery, then they give them away for 150-200 rubles.
However, the collection and storage of batteries is subject to licensing. This is waste of hazard class 3-4, and work with it is regulated by two federal laws: No. 89-FZ (06.24.1998) and No. 99-FZ (05.04.2011). The license is issued to both the individual entrepreneur and the organization. It notes specific type activities, so you can limit yourself to only collecting batteries, including their neutralization (draining the electrolyte).
5. Polymer waste (PET bottles).
This type of recyclable material is represented by waste plastic production, and household waste of the population. If 80% of the former go into secondary processing, then used bags, packaging, disposable tableware everywhere litters recreation areas, large and medium-sized cities. In the total volume of garbage, the share of plastic is more than 60-70%. The PET bottle holds the palm among polymers.
The main consumers are companies producing building materials, polyethylene film, plastic household products. Demand for it clearly exceeds supply (Fig. 2). Acceptance prices depend on the quality, purity and degree of processing of the material. Thus, landfill waste costs 2-3 times lower than sorted household waste. The most primitive processing that PET undergoes:
- removing lids and labels;
- sorting by color;
- pressing into bags.
Inexpensive mini-plants for plastic processing significantly increase business profitability. For example, landfill PET waste is accepted at a price of up to 6 rubles/kg, LDPE waste - from 10 rubles/kg, washed and sorted used film - at 11-13 rubles/kg, and granules and agglomerate cost 25-35 rub/kg Despite the fact that the cost of a new film Russian production varies from 39 to 49 rubles/kg.
In fact, the plastic recycling market in Russia is just emerging. Experts estimate its potential at $150 million. From all types of workpieces polymer waste: collection points, waste separation, separate collection household waste - the latter is the most effective from an economic point of view.
6. Cullet and glass containers.
Along with waste paper, there are old and sought-after recyclables. Cullet took the place of solid glassware for a simple reason. Manufacturers have begun to produce such original bottles and cans that this makes it very difficult for them reuse.
It is required always and everywhere. Two years ago, the Novosibirsk Ekran plant began opening collection points for recyclable materials from the population, since its shortage was holding back production. He needs up to 5 tons of cullet per month, but with the help of suppliers (including other regions) he manages to collect only 1.5-2 tons.
A collection point for glass containers justifies itself if, for example, a brewery is located nearby. Thus, Baltika uses up to 36% of recycled bottles. But cullet is even more profitable because it expands the list of potential suppliers. These could be companies that install window packages, or you can install containers for separate collection in yards. Glass makes up about 17% of household waste.
7. Computer scrap.
Old electrical equipment, computers, and telephones are in great demand, as evidenced by a simple request in Yandex (Fig. 3). At the same time, prices for scrap are very good (Fig. 4). This activity is usually carried out through intermediary firms that have appropriate licenses and are associated with raw material processors. They do the disassembly and sorting themselves, forming batches for delivery of quite large volumes (from 300 kg).
This good option in order to start a business from scratch, if you organize a reception point in a multi-storey residential area. In almost every apartment there is a lot of rubbish that has been lying around in the corners for years and is simply thrown into the trash. Simply because there is no place nearby where it can be rented out, even for little money.
The collection of equipment containing precious metals does not require licensing, but the company must be registered with the Assay Office. Therefore, in order to avoid obtaining permits at the first stage, you can operate under an agreement with one of these companies, having a representative office in your city or region.
Finally.
There are three main sources of recyclables:
- reception directly from the population,
- removal of defects and waste from organizations and enterprises;
- collection, transportation from landfills of solid waste.
The latter is the most stable, although its implementation will require concluding an agreement with the municipal housing and communal services service. It is necessary to provide for the costs of specialized equipment, which are usually small. In general, this activity does not require licensing, with the exception of work with scrap metal and hazardous waste (batteries, mercury). It falls under the patent tax system - the most beneficial for small businesses.
first of all this
flat paper and cardboard
revenue every year
55 thousand rubles
for 11 tons
from the entrance to a 9-story building,
that is, 100 kg per person.
What to collect
The main waste paper is paper, newspapers, magazines, advertising leaflets and cardboard packaging, including boxes. Paper from shredders can often also be recycled, even though it is shredded.
But cash receipts are not suitable for recycling - they are impregnated with wax, used wallpaper - they are impregnated with glue, cigarette packs, disposable paper cups and other similar utensils - they are covered with plastic film, diapers - for obvious reasons, as well as egg cartons, cardboard rolls and napkins - they are already made from recycled paper and cannot be further recycled.
Tetrapak - although it is 75% cardboard - is often accepted separately, not as waste paper. But there are quite a lot of points for its reception.
How to collect waste paper
Just two rules:
First– collect what you will hand over. Decide where you will take your waste paper and find out if they accept everything. If something is not taken, there is no point in collecting it separately.
Second– If possible, fold the bags so that they become flat and reduce in volume. For the same reason, you should not crumple the paper, but fold it in sheets in a bundle. It would be good to bandage a large stack so that along the way or on assembly point it didn't fly apart. And it’s better not to tear up the waste paper, but hand it in sheets.
How much can you earn or the price of waste paper
Do not forget that for 1 kg of waste paper you will be given about 5 rubles - the price tags themselves vary from 3 to 11 rubles depending on the quality and brand of waste paper, individual removal costs for companies and much more. On average, you can get 1,500 rubles per year if there are three of you in the family. Not much, but one more reason not to throw away paper in vain. If you don’t want to hand it in yourself, carefully place it near garbage containers or together with your neighbors, put up a separate container for paper and cardboard, from where tramps will pick it up.
If you collect waste paper with the whole house - 150 apartments for 1,500 rubles. This is 225,000 rubles every year - a quarter of a million, which can be used for general household needs. You can put a special container inside each entrance so that the homeless don’t take it apart. Every 2-3 weeks you will accumulate 500 kilograms of paper and cardboard - and waste paper collectors themselves come to pick up such volumes for free. So you can help nature and not pay for general house bills.
What will happen
The bulk of recycled paper - about 80% - goes into the production of cardboard, boxes and other packaging.
In addition, waste paper is used to make wrapping and toilet paper, and sometimes even writing - from high quality waste paper.
A special insulating material, ecowool, is also created from waste paper, as well as fiber boards and sometimes roofing materials.
It is important to keep in mind that recycling waste paper is not waste-free production. She demands large quantity water: shredding, soaking, cleaning the paper and washing out the remaining paint, glue and film are carried out in water, which then needs to be cleaned. Of course, processing fresh wood takes more water, and besides, trees are used up - but it’s still better to reduce these costs for recycling waste paper. That is, create less waste.
Why recycle waste paper?
Thanks to waste paper recycling, firstly, mountains of garbage do not accumulate, and secondly, the planet’s resources are not wasted on the production of new paper.
For paper, recycling is especially important because it allows you to avoid cutting down living trees that create oxygen to make paper. Don't think this is a green metaphor. On our planet, only trees really create oxygen - everyone else consumes it. There are no oxygen plants, only trees.
If your conscience suddenly begins to torment you, buy paper with the FSC mark and a check mark - the forest for it was cut down legally, and a new one was planted in its place.
Recycling 100 kilograms of waste paper replaces sawing one tree. Of course, this is not much - alone you will collect these 100 kilograms in a year. But imagine that there are three of you in a family - that’s three trees a year. And if you live in a 9-story building, that’s almost 500 trees per year, that is, a hectare of forest. In other words, it's your huge yard, entirely planted with trees, twice.
In addition, recycling waste paper from around the house will allow you not to waste 1 thousand cubic meters (that’s a million liters) of water and 50,000 kilowatt-hours of electricity - this is how much the largest Russian power plants (for example, the Volzhskaya Hydroelectric Power Station or Kola NPP) are produced on average in 1.5 minutes. This again is not much, but half of St. Petersburg residents or a quarter of Muscovites will collect so much waste paper in a year that it will be possible to shut down the nuclear power plant for a week.
You don’t have to make much effort to collect the waste paper in a separate box and take it to a collection point, but save the tree. No matter how trivial it may sound. Why chop it down in vain? In addition, the garbage will not rot without use.
Where can you take your waste paper?
Instructions
The registration period for a private legal entity or LLC usually takes no more than 5 days. If you plan to hire more than 15 people, then the extract from the Unified State Register of Individual Entrepreneurs/Unified State Register of Legal Entities must indicate OKVED codes, in accordance with information about the main types of work. Registration of OKVED will take you from 2 to 4 days. Order stamps for your business.
Find and rent (or buy) a space (or several) where you can store and accept recyclables. Receive positive opinions on the satisfactory condition of the premises from the environmental expert commission, sanitary and epidemiological inspection and fire service.
Due to the fact that many types recyclable materials to class IV waste hazard, obtain a license from the local branch of Rostechnadzor to provide its reception. Submit the following documents:
- statement;
- passport and TIN;
- constituent documents IP;
- a list of waste (of all hazard classes - from I to IV), which you plan to receive;
- a copy of the environmental impact assessment report;
- copies of lease or purchase agreements for premises where collection will be made recyclable materials;
- a copy of the conclusion from the sanitary and epidemiological inspection on the proper condition of the premises.
Sources:
- how to start a business using recycled materials
- Business idea: How to open a scrap metal collection point?
Items reception payments began to bring great income to their owners when the opportunity arose in addition to cellular communication They can also be used to pay for Internet, cable TV, utilities, and even fines imposed by the traffic police. At the same time, the organization of the point reception payments, as before, is not at all as expensive as one might imagine at first glance; even a novice entrepreneur can open it.
You will need
- 1. Registration of individual entrepreneur or legal entity
- 2. Agreement with the payment system
- 3. Renting a small space
- 4. Office equipment and mobile communications
- 5. Two cashier-operators of the collection point
- 6. One or more automatic payment terminals
Instructions
Select item format reception payments – there are two main methods, although they may well be combined at one point. The first is an automatic payment system, located on the street or in any place visited by people - a commercial or business cinema, or a cinema. The second method is accepting payments using, sending funds through a computer or mobile phone connected to a WAP site.
Enter into an agreement with a payment system that is a dealer - a variety of products for which you will accept payments. There are several such systems, the standard conditions for cooperation with each of them are different, as are the technical means, used by each of them in their work. Before choosing, carefully study the offers of each system, looking for the most profitable option from the possibilities that you have.
Rent a small room in a busy place if you decide to set up a point reception payments with an operator sending information using a computer or telephone. Purchase office equipment and software, meeting the requirements of the payment system you have chosen. It costs two shift cashiers to hire for this job.
Buy a payment terminal that will be located autonomously or inside your location where the operator works. In the second case, the terminal will significantly speed up the service process; in addition, nothing interferes, having its own stationary point reception, place in different places There are also several terminals. When choosing, pay attention to its resistance to temperature, as well as various external influences(“anti-vandal” equipment), number of available functions.
Video on the topic
If you see that the terminal is bringing in little profit, try moving it to another location that may be more successful - without losing anything.
Remember that when choosing a terminal with a large number provided services that can be provided with its help, you choose a terminal that will “freeze” more often and need maintenance more than simple.
Sources:
- Article dedicated to business on payment terminals
Reception scrap metal- not only a profitable, but also a noble occupation, because unnecessary items that have served their time are collected for subsequent recycling. Instead of rotting in a landfill for decades, scrap metal will become new life.
Instructions
Register an individual entrepreneur, OKVED code 37.10.1.
Create a business plan. It takes into account the costs not only of renting and purchasing equipment, but also the costs of purchasing a large quantity scrap metal among the population. Plan initial capital for opening a business of at least 150,000 rubles.
Find a place to do business. When choosing, keep in mind that you need an area of at least 50-200 square meters. m. for metal storage and for placing scales. Provide the site with security. It's best that your paragraph located next to the private sector and had a convenient access road.
Purchase equipment: ton scales for ferrous metals and pointer scales with weights for non-ferrous metals. Over time, your business may expand and you will need expensive automated equipment, but these costs will quickly pay for themselves.
Hire employees, initially this could be a receptionist and a sorter. To save money, you can temporarily accept metals in person and hire a sorter.
Advertise for admission scrap metal among the population. To do this, use the local press and street posting of leaflets. Strictly control the acceptance process personally and instruct employees to stop the illegal scrapping of illegally obtained items. Keep a record of accepted metal. These measures will help avoid problems with law enforcement agencies.
Also organize the sale and export of accepted metal for further processing.
The problem of recycling recyclable materials, in particular, waste paper very relevant for our country. The development potential of this business is, without exaggeration, enormous, since every year Russians throw away several million tons of paper. Having organized paragraph reception waste paper, you will not only be able to contribute to solving this problem, but will also receive a stable source of income.
You will need
- - transport;
- - room.
Instructions
Find distribution channels waste paper. It is necessary to start this business from this stage, since you must clearly understand where and in what volumes you will be able to sell the collected raw materials. These can be paper factories or factories producing roofing felt or gypsum building materials. Negotiate the price with future buyers: this is what you will start from when calculating your basic expenses.
Buy cargo transport. At first, you can get by with just one car, with which you will drive around certain places, where it will already be collected for you waste paper. It is advisable to choose a vehicle with a covered body.
Find a room for reception and storage waste paper. This could be any utility unit or even a garage. If possible, choose a room with heating and electricity. Install the scales. To legally conduct business you need a permit fire department.
Determine the price per 1 kg of raw materials received. Keep in mind that payment is unlikely potential clients will be too high. That is why bet on the social significance of your work, and also focus on low-income segments of the population. Post notices in the nearby area and place free advertisements in the newspaper to inform the public about your opening. paragraph A.
What can be recycled
For many decades, waste paper has been accepted - paper packaging, books, newspapers, magazines, cardboard, office paper. There are many points for collecting glass - bottles, cans, cullet. We also accept scrap ferrous and non-ferrous metals, aluminum cans. There are points where you can donate your used clothes, textiles, toys and shoes.
The cheap and easy production of plastic has made it one of the most popular materials on Earth: bags, film, containers and bottles for food and drinks, dishes, equipment cases, furniture and much more are made from it. With ever-increasing production and consumption volumes, the spread of plastic is becoming alarming proportions. Great amount plastic containers are disposable (for example, food is sold in them) and end up in the trash can immediately after unpacking the goods. To decompose into natural conditions, it will take hundreds of years, and it will also poison the soil. Fortunately, there are points where they accept plastic products and send them to recycling plants. There, raw materials are obtained from it in the form of polymer granules, from which plastic products are then made again.
Hazardous waste deserves special attention: batteries, accumulators, mercury lamps and devices. Their processing is complex and requires high costs, so collection points hazardous waste much less than needed, and they can’t always be found nearby. However, it is important to collect such waste and periodically recycle it, since it is highly polluting. environment and harm people's health. They are increasingly accepted in large stores and supermarkets.
There are also points where various specific waste is accepted: household appliances, computers and laptops, electronic scrap, car tires, cartridges for office equipment, etc.
Details
There are also terms to refer to waste recycling recycling, recycling, recycling of recyclable materials, waste disposal. It involves the reuse of production waste. Recycling can be secondary, tertiary, etc.
For raw materials to be suitable for processing, they must meet certain requirements. Thus, waste paper must contain an acceptable proportion of impurities, different for production different types paper. The returned waste paper should not contain any other elements besides paper - glued book spines, polymer fabrics and films, wooden and metal elements. Plastic containers must be without paper stickers, clean, etc.
Therefore, before handing over, recyclable materials should be prepared and sorted so that they can be accepted without problems. You can find out about the requirements in advance at the reception point.