Nuclear powers. Countries with the largest nuclear arsenals
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Books
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- World Nuclear Club. How to save the world, Rabinovich, Yakov Iosifovich. Name outstanding thinker, mathematics, public figure Igor Rostislavovich Shafarevich does not need any special introduction. His famous “Russophobia”, published in the late 70s...
IN recent months North Korea and the United States are actively exchanging threats to destroy each other. Since both countries have nuclear arsenals, the world is closely monitoring the situation. On the Day of the Struggle for the Complete Elimination of Nuclear Weapons, we decided to remind you who has them and in what quantities. Today, it is officially known that eight countries that form the so-called Nuclear Club have such weapons.
Who exactly has nuclear weapons?
The first and only state to use nuclear weapons against another country is USA. In August 1945, during World War II, the United States dropped nuclear bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The attack killed more than 200 thousand people.
![](https://i2.wp.com/img.tyt.by/n/0b/5/atomic_bombing_of_japan.jpg)
Year of first test: 1945
Nuclear charge carriers: submarines, ballistic missiles and bombers
Number of warheads: 6800, including 1800 deployed (ready for use)
Russia has the largest nuclear stockpile. After the collapse of the Union, Russia became the only heir to the nuclear arsenal.
Year of first test: 1949
Nuclear charge carriers: submarines, missile systems, heavy bombers, in the future - nuclear trains
Number of warheads: 7,000, including 1,950 deployed (ready for use)
Great Britain is the only country that has not conducted a single test on its territory. The country has 4 submarines with nuclear warheads; other types of troops were disbanded by 1998.
Year of first test: 1952
Nuclear charge carriers: submarines
Number of warheads: 215, including 120 deployed (ready for use)
France conducted ground tests of a nuclear charge in Algeria, where it built a test site for this.
Year of first test: 1960
Nuclear charge carriers: submarines and fighter-bombers
Number of warheads: 300, including 280 deployed (ready for use)
China tests weapons only on its territory. China has pledged not to be the first to use nuclear weapons. China in the transfer of technology for the production of nuclear weapons to Pakistan.
Year of first test: 1964
Nuclear charge carriers: ballistic launch vehicles, submarines and strategic bombers
Number of warheads: 270 (in reserve)
India announced the possession of nuclear weapons in 1998. In the Indian Air Force, nuclear weapons carriers can be French and Russian tactical fighters.
Year of first test: 1974
Nuclear charge carriers: short, medium and extended range missiles
Number of warheads: 120−130 (in reserve)
Pakistan tested its weapons in response to Indian actions. The reaction to the emergence of nuclear weapons in the country was global sanctions. Recently ex-president Pakistan's Pervez Musharraf that Pakistan considered launching a nuclear strike on India in 2002. Bombs can be delivered by fighter-bombers.
Year of first test: 1998
Number of warheads: 130−140 (in reserve)
DPRK announced the development of nuclear weapons in 2005, and conducted its first test in 2006. In 2012, the country declared itself a nuclear power and made corresponding amendments to the Constitution. IN Lately North Korea conducts a lot of tests - the country has intercontinental ballistic missiles and threatens the United States with a nuclear strike on American island Guam, which is located 4 thousand km from the DPRK.
![](https://i1.wp.com/img.tyt.by/n/reuters/0a/0/kim_chen_yn_bomba_03092017.jpg)
Year of first test: 2006
Nuclear charge carriers: nuclear bombs and missiles
Number of warheads: 10−20 (in reserve)
These 8 countries openly declare the presence of weapons, as well as the tests being carried out. The so-called “old” nuclear powers (USA, Russia, UK, France and China) signed the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, while the “young” nuclear powers - India and Pakistan refused to sign the document. North Korea first ratified the agreement and then withdrew its signature.
Who can develop nuclear weapons now?
The main suspect is Israel. Experts believe that Israel owns nuclear weapons own production from the late 1960s - early 1970s. There were also opinions that the country conducted joint tests with South Africa. According to the Stockholm Peace Research Institute, Israel has about 80 nuclear warheads. The country can use fighter-bombers and submarines to deliver nuclear weapons.
Suspicions that Iraq develops weapons mass destruction, was one of the reasons for the invasion of the country by American and British troops (recall the famous speech of US Secretary of State Colin Powell at the UN in 2003, in which he stated that Iraq was working on programs to create biological and chemical weapons and possesses two of the three necessary components for the production of nuclear weapons. — Approx. TUT.BY). Later, the US and UK admitted that there were reasons for the invasion in 2003.
Was under international sanctions for 10 years Iran due to the resumption of the uranium enrichment program in the country under President Ahmadinejad. In 2015, Iran and six international mediators concluded the so-called “nuclear deal” - they were withdrawn, and Iran pledged to limit its nuclear activities only a “peaceful atom”, putting it under international control. With Donald Trump coming to power in the United States, Iran was reintroduced. Tehran, meanwhile, began.
Myanmar V last years also suspected of attempting to create nuclear weapons, it was reported that technology was exported to the country North Korea. According to experts, Myanmar lacks the technical and financial capabilities to develop weapons.
IN different years many states were suspected of seeking or capable of creating nuclear weapons - Algeria, Argentina, Brazil, Egypt, Libya, Mexico, Romania, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Taiwan, Sweden. But the transition from a peaceful atom to a non-peaceful one either was not proven, or the countries curtailed their programs.
Which countries allowed to store nuclear bombs and which refused?
Some European countries store US warheads. According to the Federation of American Scientists (FAS) in 2016, 150-200 US nuclear bombs are stored in underground storage facilities in Europe and Turkey. Countries have aircraft capable of delivering charges to intended targets.
Bombs are stored at air bases in Germany(Büchel, more than 20 pieces), Italy(Aviano and Gedi, 70−110 pieces), Belgium(Kleine Brogel, 10−20 pieces), the Netherlands(Volkel, 10−20 pieces) and Turkey(Incirlik, 50−90 pieces).
In 2015, it was reported that the Americans would deploy the latest B61-12 atomic bombs at a base in Germany, and American instructors would teach how to work with data nuclear weapons pilots of the Polish and Baltic air forces.
The United States recently announced that it was negotiating the deployment of its nuclear weapons, where they were stored until 1991.
Four countries voluntarily renounced nuclear weapons on their territory, including Belarus.
After the collapse of the USSR, Ukraine and Kazakhstan were in third and fourth place in the world in terms of the number of nuclear arsenals in the world. The countries agreed to the withdrawal of weapons to Russia under international security guarantees. Kazakhstan transferred strategic bombers to Russia, and sold uranium to the United States. In 2008, the country's President Nursultan Nazarbayev was nominated for Nobel Prize world for its contribution to the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons.
Ukraine in recent years there has been talk of restoring nuclear status countries. In 2016, the Verkhovna Rada proposed repealing the law “On Ukraine’s accession to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons.” Previously Secretary of the Council national security Ukraine's Alexander Turchynov stated that Kyiv is ready to use available resources to create effective weapons.
IN Belarus ended in November 1996. Subsequently, President of Belarus Alexander Lukashenko more than once called this decision the most serious mistake. In his opinion, “if there were nuclear weapons left in the country, they would be talking to us differently now.”
South Africa is the only country that independently produced nuclear weapons, and after the fall of the apartheid regime voluntarily abandoned them.
Who curtailed their nuclear programs
A number of countries voluntarily, and some under pressure, either curtailed or abandoned their nuclear program at the planning stage. For example, Australia in the 1960s, after providing its territory for nuclear testing, Great Britain decided to build reactors and build a uranium enrichment plant. However, after internal political debates, the program was curtailed.
Brazil after unsuccessful cooperation with Germany in the field of nuclear weapons development in the 1970–90s, it conducted a “parallel” nuclear program outside the control of the IAEA. Work was carried out on the extraction of uranium, as well as on its enrichment, albeit at the laboratory level. In the 1990s and 2000s, Brazil recognized the existence of such a program, and it was later closed. Now the country has nuclear technologies, which, when adopted political decision will allow you to quickly begin developing weapons.
Argentina began its development in the wake of rivalry with Brazil. The program received its greatest boost in the 1970s when the military came to power, but by the 1990s the administration had changed to a civilian one. When the program was terminated, experts estimated that about a year of work remained to achieve the technological potential of creating nuclear weapons. As a result, in 1991, Argentina and Brazil signed an agreement on the use of nuclear energy exclusively for peaceful purposes.
Libya under Muammar Gaddafi after unsuccessful attempts decided to purchase ready-made weapons from China and Pakistan for its own nuclear program. In the 1990s, Libya was able to purchase 20 centrifuges for uranium enrichment, but a lack of technology and qualified personnel prevented the creation of nuclear weapons. In 2003, after negotiations with the UK and the US, Libya curtailed its weapons of mass destruction program.
Egypt abandoned the nuclear program after the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant.
Taiwan carried out his developments for 25 years. In 1976, under pressure from the IAEA and the United States, it officially abandoned the program and dismantled the plutonium separation facility. However, he later resumed nuclear research secretly. In 1987, one of the leaders of the Zhongshan Institute of Science and Technology fled to the United States and spoke about the program. As a result, work was stopped.
In 1957 Switzerland created a Commission to study the possibility of possessing nuclear weapons, which came to the conclusion that weapons were necessary. Options were considered for purchasing weapons from the USA, Great Britain or the USSR, as well as developing them with France and Sweden. ABOUT However, by the end of the 1960s the situation in Europe had calmed down, and Switzerland signed the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons. Then for some time the country supplied nuclear technology abroad.
Sweden has been actively developing since 1946. Her distinctive feature was the creation of a nuclear infrastructure, the country's leadership was focused on the implementation of the concept of a closed nuclear fuel cycle. As a result, by the end of the 1960s Sweden was ready for serial production nuclear warheads. In the 1970s, the nuclear program was closed because... the authorities decided that the country would not be able to cope with simultaneous development modern species conventional weapons and the creation of a nuclear arsenal.
South Korea began its development in the late 1950s. In 1973, the Weapons Research Committee developed a 6-10 year plan to develop nuclear weapons. Negotiations were conducted with France on the construction of a plant for the radiochemical reprocessing of irradiated nuclear fuel and the separation of plutonium. However, France refused to cooperate. In 1975, South Korea ratified the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. The US promised to provide the country with " nuclear umbrella" After American President Carter announced his intention to withdraw troops from Korea, the country secretly resumed its nuclear program. The work continued until 2004, when it became public knowledge. South Korea has curtailed its program, but today the country is capable of short time carry out the development of nuclear weapons.
The list of nuclear powers in the world for 2019 includes ten main states. Information which countries have nuclear potential and in what units it is expressed quantitatively, is based on data from the Stockholm international institute Peace Research and Business Insider.
Nine countries that are officially owners of weapons of mass destruction form the so-called “Nuclear Club”.
No data.
First test: No data.
Last test: No data.
Today it is officially known which countries have nuclear weapons. And Iran is not one of them. However, he did not curtail work on the nuclear program and there are persistent rumors that this country has its own nuclear weapons. The Iranian authorities say that they are quite capable of building it for themselves, but for ideological reasons they are limited only to the use of uranium for peaceful purposes.
For now, Iran's use of nuclear power is under the control of the IAEA as a result of a 2015 agreement, but the status quo may soon be subject to change - in October 2017, Donald Trump said that the current situation no longer corresponds to US interests. How much this announcement will change the current political climate remains to be seen.
Number of nuclear warheads: 10-60
First test: 2006
Last test: 2018
To the list of countries with nuclear weapons in 2019, to the greatest horror Western world, North Korea entered. Flirting with nuclear power in North Korea began in the middle of the last century, when Kim Il Sung, frightened by US plans to bomb Pyongyang, turned to the USSR and China for help. The development of nuclear weapons began in the 1970s, stopped as the political situation improved in the 90s, and naturally continued as it worsened. Already since 2004, in the “mighty prosperous country” there have been nuclear tests. Of course, as the Korean military assures, for purely harmless purposes - for the purpose of space exploration.
Adding to the tension is the fact that the exact number of North Korean nuclear warheads is unknown. According to some data, their number does not exceed 20, according to others, it reaches 60 units.
Number of nuclear warheads: 80
First test: 1979
Last test: 1979
Israel has never said that it has nuclear weapons - but it has never claimed the opposite either. What adds piquancy to the situation is that Israel refused to sign the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons. Along with this, the “promised land” vigilantly monitors the peaceful and not so nuclear energy of its neighbors and, if necessary, does not hesitate to bomb nuclear centers other countries - as was the case with Iraq in 1981. According to rumors, Israel has every opportunity to create nuclear bomb dating back to 1979, when light flashes suspiciously similar to nuclear explosions were recorded in the South Atlantic. It is assumed that either Israel, or South Africa, or both of these states together are responsible for this test.
Number of nuclear warheads: 120-130
First test: 1974
Last test: 1998
Despite being successfully detonated nuclear charge back in 1974, India officially recognized itself as a nuclear power only at the end of the last century. True, having detonated three nuclear devices in May 1998, just two days after that India announced its refusal to further tests.
Number of nuclear warheads: 130-140
First test: 1998
Last test: 1998
It is no wonder that India and Pakistan, having a common border and being in a state of permanent unfriendliness, strive to overtake and surpass their neighbor - including in the nuclear field. After the Indian bombing of 1974, it was only a matter of time before Islamabad developed its own. As the then Prime Minister of Pakistan said: “If India builds its own nuclear weapons, we will make ours, even if we have to eat grass.” And they did it, albeit twenty years late.
After India conducted tests in 1998, Pakistan promptly carried out its own, detonating several nuclear bombs at the Chagai test site.
Number of nuclear warheads: 215
First test: 1952
Last test: 1991
Great Britain is the only country nuclear five, which did not conduct tests on its territory. The British preferred to carry out all nuclear explosions in Australia and Pacific Ocean, however, since 1991 it was decided to stop them. True, in 2015, David Cameron gave in to the fire, admitting that England was ready to drop a bomb or two if necessary. But he didn’t say who exactly.
Number of nuclear warheads: 270
First test: 1964
Last test: 1996
China is the only country that has committed not to launch (or threaten to launch) nuclear strikes on non-nuclear-weapon states. And at the beginning of 2011, China announced that it would maintain its weapons only at a minimum sufficient level. However, since then, China's defense industry has invented four types of new ballistic missiles that are capable of carrying nuclear warheads. So the question of the exact quantitative expression of this “minimum level” remains open.
Number of nuclear warheads: 300
First test: 1960
Last test: 1995
In total, France conducted more than two hundred nuclear weapons tests - from an explosion in the then French colony of Algeria to two atolls in French Polynesia.
Interestingly, France has consistently refused to take part in the peace initiatives of others nuclear countries. It did not join the moratorium on nuclear testing in the late 50s of the last century, did not sign the treaty banning military nuclear tests in the 60s, and joined the Non-Proliferation Treaty only in the early 90s.
Number of nuclear warheads: 6800
First test: 1945
Last test: 1992
The country that has also been the first power to implement nuclear explosion, and the first and only one on currently which used nuclear weapons in a combat situation. Since then, the United States has produced 66.5 thousand atomic weapons over 100 various modifications. The bulk of US nuclear weapons are submarine-launched ballistic missiles. Interestingly, the United States (like Russia) refused to participate in the negotiations on the complete renunciation of nuclear weapons that began in the spring of 2017.
US military doctrine states that America reserves sufficient quantity weapons to ensure both their own safety and the safety of their allies. In addition, the United States promised not to strike non-nuclear states if they comply with the terms of the Non-Proliferation Treaty.
1. Russia
Number of nuclear warheads: 7000
First test: 1949
Last test: 1990
Part nuclear weapons Russia inherited it after the collapse of the USSR - existing nuclear warheads were removed from the military bases of the former Soviet republics. According to the Russian military, they may decide to use nuclear weapons in response to similar actions. Or in case of strikes with conventional weapons, as a result of which the very existence of Russia will be threatened.
Will there be a nuclear war between North Korea and the United States?
If at the end of the last century the main source of fears of a nuclear war was the strained relations between India and Pakistan, then the main horror story of this century is the nuclear confrontation between the DPRK and the United States. Threaten North Korea nuclear strikes – good tradition USA since 1953, but with the advent of the DPRK's own atomic bombs, the situation reached new level. Relations between Pyongyang and Washington are tense to the limit. Will it nuclear war between North Korea and the USA? It is possible and will be if Trump decides that the North Koreans need to be stopped before they manage to create intercontinental missiles that are guaranteed to reach west coast world bastion of democracy.
The United States has kept nuclear weapons near the borders of the DPRK since 1957. And a Korean diplomat says the entire continental United States is now within range of North Korea's nuclear weapons.
What will happen to Russia if a war breaks out between North Korea and the United States? In the agreement signed between Russia and the DPRK, military article No. This means that when war starts, Russia can remain neutral - of course, strongly condemning the actions of the aggressor. In the worst case scenario for our country, Vladivostok could be covered with radioactive fallout from the destroyed DPRK facilities.
The nuclear arms race began at the end of World War II when the United States dropped two atomic bombs on Japan. Since then, several countries have prepared their own nuclear devices and others are working on their production.
United States
Nuclear testing began during World War II and ended in the early 1990s after the collapse of communism. The United States still has the largest number of operational warheads (more than 2,000), while thousands more have now been dismantled.
The Americans also have nuclear weapons stationed in other NATO countries. Together with Russia, the United States is a member of the atomic weapons club that has air, sea and ground-based nuclear weapons. For two decades, the United States has worked with Russia to reduce the number of nuclear weapons around the world.
Russia
Russia conducted its first nuclear test in 1949, four years after the Americans bombed Hiroshima and Nagasaki. During cold war The arms race led to the proliferation of nuclear weapons. Today Russia has about 1,700 operational warheads. However, nuclear experts fear that after some 1,990 warheads may have fallen into the hands of third parties and are thus not accounted for.
Great Britain
Britain joined the nuclear club in 1951 and has about 160 warheads, which can only be delivered by submarines.
France
France is the third largest nuclear power after the United States and Russia. The country can launch its 300 warheads either from the air or from the sea.
China
Communist China began a nuclear program in the 1950s after the US moved some of its own warheads to Asia during Korean War. Currently, China can deploy ground- and airborne, and in the very near future will be able to deliver them by submarines.
India
India tested its first nuclear weapon in 1974 because it saw neighboring China and Pakistan as the main threat in the region. India has ground and air based weapons that could be put into operation in a short time.
Pakistan
After conflicts and regional wars with India in the last forty years, Pakistan tested its first combat weapon in 1998 and is said to have 100 warheads.
Israel
Although Israel has never confirmed testing an atomic weapon, experts believe the country has had a nuclear weapons program for decades. Israel likely has at least 80 missiles on the ground that can carry nuclear warheads.
North Korea
Over the past few years, North Korea has been conducting underground testing. Western experts believe that the communist state has enough plutonium to build atomic bombs, but they doubt that the country can deliver them to rockets. Sanctions against the country came into force several years ago, after negotiations that failed to stop the program.
Nuclear testing in North Korea
Iran
The Western world is also concerned about Iran's plans to build atomic bomb. International Commission Atomic Energy says it has strong evidence that Iran is producing plutonium for bombs. Iranian leaders have repeatedly stated that they are only enriching uranium for nuclear energy. The United Nations has placed sanctions on the countries in an attempt to stop Iran's program.
Several other states at one time also had nuclear weapons programs or had already produced warheads. Former states Soviet Union, including Ukraine and Kazakhstan, possessed nuclear warheads when the country collapsed, but returned it back to Russia in subsequent years.
South Africa developed nuclear weapons during the apartheid years but stopped them in 1990. Saddam Hussein was thinking about developing his own nuclear weapons in Iraq. In 2003, the United States invaded the country because they thought the dictator had weapons of mass destruction.
Argentina, Brazil and South Korea stopped nuclear programs.
Nuclear (or atomic) weapons refer to the entire nuclear arsenal, its transportation means and control hardware. Nuclear weapons are classified as weapons of mass destruction.
The principle of the explosive action of the rusty death weapon is based on the use of the properties of nuclear energy, which is released due to nuclear or thermonuclear reactions.
Types of nuclear weapons
All nuclear weapons existing in the world are divided into two types:
- atomic: explosive device single-phase type, in which energy is released during the fission of heavy plutonium or 235 uranium nuclei;
- thermonuclear (hydrogen): two-phase explosive device. In the first phase of action, the release of energy occurs due to the fission of heavy nuclei; in the second phase of action, the thermonuclear fusion phase is connected to the fission reaction. The proportional composition of reactions determines the type of weapon.
History of origin
The year 1889 was marked in the world of science by the discovery married couple Curie: in uranium they discovered a new substance that released a large number of energy.
In subsequent years, E. Rutherford studied the basic properties of the atom, E. Walton and his colleague D. Cockroft were the first in the world to split the atomic nucleus.
Thus, in 1934, scientist Leo Szilard registered a patent for the atomic bomb, starting a wave of mass destruction throughout the world.
The reason for the creation of atomic weapons is simple: world domination, intimidation and destruction of enemies. During World War II, development and Scientific research fought in Germany, the Soviet Union and the United States: the three largest and most powerful countries taking part in the war sought to achieve victory at any cost. And if during the Second World War these weapons did not become key factor victory, it was later used more than once in other wars.
Countries that own nuclear weapons
The group of countries that currently possess nuclear weapons are conventionally called the “Nuclear Club”. Here is the list of club members:
- Legitimate in the international legal field
- USA;
- Russia (which acquired the weapons of the USSR after the collapse of the great power);
- France;
- Great Britain;
- China.
- Illegitimate
- India;
- North Korea;
- Pakistan.
Officially, Israel does not have nuclear weapons, however world society tends to think that Israel has weapons of its own design.
But this list is not complete. Many countries around the world have had nuclear programs, abandoned them later, or are currently working on them. Other powers, such as the United States, supply such weapons to some countries. The exact number of weapons in the world is not taken into account; there are approximately 20,500 nuclear warheads scattered around the world.
The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty was signed in 1968, and the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty was signed in 1986. But not all countries have signed and ratified these documents (legally legitimized). So the threat to the world still exists.
Strange as it may sound, today nuclear weapons are a guarantee of peace, a deterrent that protects against attack, which is why many countries are so eager to acquire them.
USA
The bulk of the US nuclear arsenal consists of ballistic missiles located on submarines.
Today the United States has 1,654 warheads. The United States is armed with bombs, warheads, and shells for use in aviation, submarines, and artillery.
After the end of World War II, the United States produced more than 66 thousand bombs and warheads; in 1997, the production of new nuclear weapons was completely stopped.
In 2010, the United States had more than 5,000 weapons in its arsenal, but by 2013 their number had decreased to 1,654 as part of a program to reduce the country's nuclear capabilities. As the unofficial leader of the world, the United States has the status of an old-timer and, according to the 1968 treaty, is one of the 5 countries that legally possess nuclear weapons.
Russian Federation
Today, Russia has 1,480 warheads and 367 nuclear delivery vehicles at its disposal.
The country owns ammunition intended for use in missile forces, marine strategic forces and in the strategic aviation forces.
Over the past 10 years, Russia's ammunition stockpile has decreased significantly (up to 12% per year) thanks to the signing of a mutual disarmament treaty: by the end of 2012, reduce the number of weapons by two-thirds.
Today Russia is one of the oldest members of the 1968 nuclear weapons treaty (as the sole successor of the USSR), possessing them legally. However, modern political and economic situation in the world, the country opposes the United States and European countries; the presence of such a dangerous arsenal allows one to largely defend an independent position in geopolitical issues.
France
Today, France is armed with about 300 strategic warheads for use on submarines, as well as about 60 tactical multiprocessors for airborne deployment. France for a long time sought independence in matters own weapons
: developed her own supercomputer, conducted nuclear tests until 1998. After this, nuclear weapons were not developed or tested in France.
Great Britain The UK has 225 nuclear warheads, of which more than 160 are operational and carried on submarines. Data on the armament of the British Army is practically absent due to one of the principles military policy countries: do not disclose the exact quantity and quality of the weapons presented in the arsenal. Great Britain does not seek to increase its nuclear stockpile.
, but will not reduce it: there is a policy of restraining allied and neutral states from using
lethal weapons China US scientists estimate that China has about 240 warheads, but official figures say China has about 40. intercontinental missiles located in
artillery troops
and on submarines, as well as about 1,000 short-range missiles. The Chinese government has not disclosed precise details of the country's arsenal, saying the number of nuclear weapons will be kept at minimum safe levels. In addition, China declares that it cannot be the first to use weapons, and also that in relation to non-nuclear countries it will not be used. To such statements
global community
is positive. It has thermonuclear and nuclear warheads. Today, India has about 30 nuclear warheads and enough material to make 90 more bombs. Also, there are missiles with short range, medium-range ballistic missiles, extended-range missiles. Possessing atomic weapons illegally, India does not make official statements regarding its policy on nuclear weapons, which causes a negative reaction from the world community.
Pakistan
Pakistan, according to unofficial data, has up to 200 nuclear warheads in its arsenal. There is no exact information about the type of weapon. The public reaction to nuclear weapons tests by this country was as harsh as possible: Pakistan was imposed economic sanctions almost all major countries of the world, except Saudi Arabia, which supplied the country with an average of 50 thousand barrels of oil daily.
North Korea
Officially, North Korea is a country with nuclear weapons: the country amended its Constitution in 2012. The country is armed with single-stage missiles medium range, rocket mobile complex"Musudan." International community reacted extremely negatively to the fact of creating and testing weapons: long six-party negotiations continue to this day, and an economic embargo has been imposed on the country. But the DPRK is in no hurry to abandon the creation of means of ensuring its own security.
Arms control
Nuclear weapons are one of the most terrible ways to destroy the population and economy of warring countries, a weapon that destroys everything in its path.
Understanding and realizing the dangers of having such means of destruction, the authorities of many countries (especially the five leaders of the “Nuclear Club”) are taking various measures to reduce the number of these weapons and guarantee their non-use.
Thus, the United States and Russia voluntarily reduced the number of nuclear weapons.
All modern warfare are fought for the right to control and use energy resources. This is where they are.
Ukraine, which was once the third largest country in the world in terms of its number, voluntarily gave up its weapons in exchange for a guarantee of immunity. But in 2014, Ukraine expressed a desire to withdraw from the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Arms and create its own nuclear potential.
“Unfortunately, in modern world, it is impossible to guess from which side danger may await us.” Yes, no, war is a costly thing, in the modern world there is no benefit for anyone. Only Dictators can start a war, for example, the Supreme Leader of the DPRK (North Korea) Kim Jong-un
In addition to the nuclear club countries, US nuclear weapons are located on the territory of NATO countries (the Netherlands, Turkey, Italy, Germany, Canada, Belgium). Expert opinion is unanimous that, under certain circumstances, these countries can use it. Let’s not forget about Iran, which is accused of creating independent nuclear energy and has come very close to possessing nuclear weapons. Although, on this moment Iran denies this. Unfortunately, in the modern world, it is impossible to guess from which side danger may await us.