Adele Fouche. Prisoners of inspiration
Name: Victor Hugo
Age: 83 years old
Place of Birth: Besançon, France
A place of death: Paris, France
Activity: French writer
Family status: was divorced
Victor Hugo - biography
The writer is a romantic who captivated not only French, but also Soviet readers. An unusual style bordering on simplicity of presentation is understandable to everyone; a man of interesting destiny, Victor Hugo is known to many.
Childhood, family of Victor Hugo
The full name of the famous French poet, prose writer and playwright sounds like Victor Marie Hugo. In addition to him, the family had two brothers, Victor was the youngest. He was born very small and was often sick. Hugo lived richly, had a three-story house. The head of the family came from peasant background, but managed to achieve a lot in his life. There is a huge leap in his biographical record, he rose to the rank of general in Napoleon's army. At that time, the mother was the daughter of a noble shipowner.
Since childhood, the future writer has been familiar with Marseille and Corsica, Elba and Italy, Madrid and Paris. These travels shaped the boy's worldview as a romantic. The little traveler’s entire biography inspired him to describe those places that forever captivated the locals with their beauty and grace, simplicity and incredible hard work. In every place where, as part of his father’s duty, the family stayed, the boy found his own delights in life.
Although the children were treated with great love in the family, mother and father often quarreled over their differing political views. The parents separated because the mother fell in love again; the woman took her son and left for permanent residence in Paris. Victor Hugo received his education in this city. At the age of fourteen, he already begins to earn money through his writing.
Adult life of a writer
The sharp turn in the personal life of his parents influenced the further biography of Victor Marie. According to his father’s wishes, Victor had to enter the Polytechnic Institute. Indeed, the boy showed good abilities in the field of exact sciences. But Victor preferred literature, and soon convinced everyone of the correctness of his choice. While Hugo was studying at the Lycée, he often composed plays for the improvised school theater. The costumes were made by ourselves from paper and cardboard, and the stage was built by moving tables. An honorable mention for a poem, two prizes for poems - these are his first awards for writing.
One of the novels, “Gan the Icelander,” was received rather restrainedly by the readership. And the critic Charles Nodier gave the young writer some practical advice. Victor began to actively communicate with his father and dedicates several of his compositions to him. Hugo is friendly with Merimee and Musset. In subsequent works, the writer sounds political notes; he, without fear of condemnation, shows his negative attitude towards the death penalty.
For almost thirteen years, the author has been working closely with the theater, he writes dramatic works and advocates for new things in art and literature, which causes a lot of controversy around his name. Hugo, without hesitation, enters into correspondence with high circles and occupies several significant posts in the French Academy and the National Assembly. He has been in exile for almost twenty years by order of Emperor Napoleon III.
Hugo's views
The writer actively promotes romanticism in literature, he is a Republican in politics. Hugo’s first works had already brought fame to Hugo at the age of 20; a writer’s salary was allocated for the writer. His skill is appreciated quite highly, he becomes a master of lyrics and song. Some works served as a starting point for such writers as Charles Dickens and F.M. Dostoevsky.
"Notre Dame Cathedral"
The novel “Notre Dame de Paris” by Victor Hugo became a real masterpiece in world literature; it was translated into many languages. Tourists flocked to Paris, began to revive old buildings, and showed them due respect.
Victor Hugo - biography of personal life
The famous writer was constant not only in his views, but also in his personal life. He married once because he found in his face Adele Foucher your only love. It was a happy marriage that produced five children. The wife did not read the writer’s works and did not share the admiration of admirers of his talent. There is information that Hugo's wife cheated on him with his friend.
But Victor himself remained faithful to his wife, although some sources claim that Hugo was famous not only as a great writer, but also for his love of love. Unfortunately, not everything went smoothly with the birth of successors to the Hugo family. The first child died in infancy. The remaining children, except for the last daughter Adele, did not survive their famous father. Victor was very worried about the loss of his children.
Illness, the last years of the writer
Hugo fell ill with pneumonia. He could have been cured if he were not old. At 83 years old, the body is already weakened and responds inadequately to medications and the efforts of doctors. The funeral was very magnificent, almost a million people came to say goodbye to the great author of Notre Dame, and the farewell to the writer lasted for 10 days. The government allowed this ceremony and did not interfere with this procedure, as it understood how popular the writer was among the French population.
To the question How many women were there in the life of Victor Hugo? given by the author **?
the best answer is He himself could hardly name their exact number))) BUT they write books, we repeat them, and you count them if you want...
When Victor Hugo was experiencing his first poetic fame, he met his first youthful love, she was the girl Adele Foucher, who later became his wife. They got married on October 12, 1822 - Victor and Adele were 20 years old. Married life was not as happy as they expected. But over time, the relationship between Victor and Adele became friendly and entered a calm, peaceful direction. And then one day in the theater at a rehearsal of one of his plays, he met the brilliant beauty Juliette Drouet. She was 26 years old. She was a dazzling beauty and an absolutely useless actress. Juliette's relationship with Victor Hugo began on February 17, 1833. Hugo was 31 years old. Her life with Victor Hugo truly could not be called heavenly. It was possible to go out only with a lover, and without him, alone, it was forbidden! Every month he gave her a paltry sum of 800 francs for expenses and demanded a written report of every franc spent. From such a life, Juliette turned ugly, turned gray, aged - and Hugo’s attraction to her disappeared. Even her canine devotion began to irritate him. A new mistress appeared on the horizon - the secular married lady Leonie d'Aunay, married to Biard. Sources also name a number of the writer’s mistresses. Singer Josephine Faville, Roger de Genette, thief Hélène Gosin, poetess Louise Collet, Nathalie Renoux, adventuress Laura Despres, Comedie Francaise actress Sylvanie Plessis, Viscountess Laura du Vallon, courtesans Esther Guimond, Rachelle and Nitouche. The most diverse circle! At the age of 67, she had another mistress-maid, 33-year-old Teresa Bicard. The death of his wife Adele did not stop him from experiencing another affair - with the young widow Marie Mercier, who was only 18 years old. Among his mistresses is the famous Sarah Bernhardt, after her another passion came into his life - Judith Gaultier, a socialite, a lover of fashion salons and a married woman. All this did not prevent him from continuing his relationship with Juliette. In March 1872, Juliette took the beautiful seamstress Blanche Lanvin into her house. Hugo fell in love. He was 70, she was 22, he gave her the name Alba. The names of Jane Eisler, Eugenie Guino, Zélie Robber, and Albertina Seran are associated with his name. Juliette died of bowel cancer at the age of 77. A few years before her death, Hugo gave Juliette a watch with the inscription “50 years of love - the happiest of marriages.” It was absolutely true. Juliette lived with him for more than 50 years. After the death of his faithful girlfriend, Hugo did not change his habits. In his notebook, begun in January 1885, he also noted eight love dates (and this at the age of 83! ) . The last of them took place at the end of April 1885. He died on May 22, 1885 from pneumonia. He was buried in the Pantheon in Paris.
He considered himself the only classic of the 19th century, and she called him God. Victor Hugo was married, had hundreds of mistresses and a relationship with a courtesan that lasted half a century. The beautiful Juliette Drouet became his muse, irreplaceable assistant, first adviser, and friend. What was this woman like who captivated the French writer?
Mistakes of youth
Victor Hugo married a neighbor from a wealthy bourgeois family at the age of 20. Ardent feelings for Adele Foucher were fueled by the disapproval of this marriage by parents on both sides. The bride seemed insufficiently noble to Hugo's mother; Adele's parents were not satisfied with the poverty of the Hugo family. But Hugo's mother died, and the first publication brought Victor money, fame and position at court. The matter was decided. Victor and Adele got married. She bore him five children. But both were unhappy in their marriage.According to her husband, Adele was too cold, and she, in turn, was tired. It was not her plan to produce a child every year. She demanded calm. But Adele’s main drawback was something else: she didn’t read a single line of his.
“I know that others recognize your intelligence and talent. Unfortunately, I don't feel it."- Adele wrote to her husband.
Adele Fouché preferred Hugo to his friend. The poet and critic Sainte-Beuve became his lover. He was less talented, but more attentive. Whether the betrayal was physical is not truly known. Hugo did not divorce, but he kept his relationship with his wife to a minimum. He was 30 when a muse appeared in his life - a woman named Juliette.
Juliette
She was only 4 years younger. She had the fame of one of the most beautiful women in Paris, famous and very influential lovers, the daughter of her first patron, the sculptor Jean-Jacques Pradier. She also worked in the theater, loved social life, expensive clothes, and was wasteful. And she had debts. 20 thousand francs was a huge amount at that time.Acquaintance
According to one version, Victor and Juliette met in the theater. The delightful beauty got a small role in his play “Lucrezia Borgia”. The girl said one witty phrase, and Victor Hugo was conquered.“There are no small roles in Mr. Hugo’s plays!”
It seems this woman was born a muse. This is how Hugo, in love, described her appearance after their first meeting:
“...With eyes clear and sparkling like diamonds, with a clean, bright brow... her neck, shoulders and arms amaze with the purely antique perfection of lines; she is worthy to inspire sculptors and to be admitted to the competition of beauties along with the young Athenian women, when they shed their veils before Praxiteles, who planned to sculpt Venus...”
They got to know each other better. She taught the inexperienced Victor the wisdom of love, he went crazy with jealousy. At that time, Juliette lived in a luxurious apartment, which was rented for her by the Russian prince Anatoly Demidov.
What love requires
Hugo's love turned out to be mutual. Drouet renounced all her connections. The new chosen one demanded purity from her, and she obeyed. He was jealous and she gave up social life. The writer, who was characterized by romanticism in everything, refused to humiliate his beloved with handouts. Now she is not a kept woman, but a secretary. She rewrites the manuscripts completely. And he pays her for it. Later it turns out that this salary was not sufficient. Juliette had a hard time making ends meet. I wrote down every penny I spent. She was pursued by creditors, and the lady was forced to pawn all her jewelry and dresses. However, the debt was not paid in full. Hugo was furious, but repaid the debt.Having received everything he wanted, Victor Hugo became interested in others. Biographers counted more than two hundred mistresses. Among his passions were various women: young prostitutes, maids and noble ladies. The talented, rich and famous writer enjoyed success with the fairer sex. But he always came back to her. He worked at a desk in her small apartment. She could spend hours watching her “great poet” write. French writer and biographer Henri Troyat believes that Juliette herself had literary talent. Her letters testify to this.
Juliette Drouet lived as a recluse and grew old early. A gray-haired woman in an old dress was patiently waiting for Hugo, but he came less and less often. She knew about all his connections. He even brought some of his passions to her house. She came to terms with this too.
The final
Juliette managed to return his love and affection. The military coup of 1851 helped win his heart for the second time. Now power belonged to Napoleon III. Dissatisfied Parisians took to the barricades. Victor Hugo was also in the forefront. Next to him stood the faithful Juliette Drouet, shoulder to shoulder. She is not only the best listener and advisor, she is a comrade-in-arms. And Hugo was able to appreciate this. Until the end of their lives, Victor and Juliette wrote romantic letters to each other. He called only her his “true wife.” He dedicated poems and books to her. And on the anniversary he gave me a photograph with a touching inscription:
“Fifty years of love is the most beautiful marriage.”
Drouet was very ill. Doctors made a terrible diagnosis - cancer. Three months later she died. Her beloved writer survived Juliette by only two years.
For those who are interested in the work of the great Hugo,.
It is rare to find anything romantic in the biographies of great writers. Most often, the “singers of violent passions” in life turned out to be very calm, reserved people, faithful husbands and... rather boring people. However, in the case of Victor Hugo, everything turned out exactly the opposite: in none of his works (except, perhaps, “Les Miserables”) there is such a heap of passions and tragedies that haunted the author in life. “He knew everything: great love, great glory, great suffering,” one of his biographers wrote about Hugo. And I wasn't exaggerating at all.
True, the “passions” in the Hugo family began long before Victor-Marie himself was born. His father Joseph-Leopold Hugo, a Napoleonic officer who later became a general, managed to marry the Breton Sophie Trebuchet, a staunch royalist and a very reserved woman. By the time of the birth of her third son, Madame Hugo was already quite tired of her ardent and temperamental husband, and tried to see him as little as possible. In addition, Sophie's romantic imagination was occupied by a more handsome and noble man, Hugo's friend, General Victor Lagorie. As a result, the family soon broke up. Sophie lived in Paris with her younger sons Eugene and Victor (named after Lagorie), while her eldest son Abel was sent to join his father in Spain. Naturally, the boys who lived in Paris looked at their mother with adoration and, under her influence, were too strict towards their father, who refused to reunite with Sophie. Growing up, Eugene and Victor began to compete in everything: they both wrote poetry, both wanted to become famous, both were in love with the lovely girl Adele, the daughter of friends of the Fouche house. But the more handsome and talented Victor surpassed his older brother in all respects: his loyal odes in honor of King Louis XVIII were a success, one of them even brought the author an incentive prize. But something else was more terrible for Eugene: black-eyed Adele treated Victor with obvious favor.
Victor himself was burning with passion. He showered his beloved girl with letters and poems, he sang of her beauty, greatness, purity and was jealous of her even towards her noisy uncle, who since childhood had the habit of kissing his beloved niece on the cheek. Adele, not a very romantic person by nature, tried as best she could to “reason” with the groom, reminding him that she also had shortcomings that Victor did not want to notice. Things were getting serious. Adele and Victor dreamed of marriage, but alas, Sophie Hugo did not want to hear about it. Yes, the Fouche couple wanted to have a son-in-law who would not hang like a stone around their neck, but would be able to support the family himself. The lovers had almost no hope for anything, when suddenly a misfortune occurred: Madame Hugo died from a blow. Victor lost the person closest to him, but at the same time a serious obstacle to his marriage with Adele was removed. General Hugo, with whom Victor became close after the death of his mother, was entirely in favor, and even suggested officially asking Adele for Victor’s hand. There was only one thing left to do: the groom did not have money to support his family. But then Fortune unexpectedly smiled: the old King Louis decided to support the monarchist-minded “young talent” and determined Hugo’s annual allowance of 1000 francs. In addition, a collection of Hugo's poems, published at the same time, brought him three times more income than the poet himself expected. The Fouche family happily welcomed him into the house, preparing with all their might for the wedding.
Adele Fouche Hugo
The only one who was not happy about these events was Eugene. He began to get angry, lose his temper, and become rude. He perceived the wedding of his younger brother as the collapse of all his hopes. His elder brother Abel took him away from the wedding ceremony in time, but at home Eugene had a fit of violent insanity: he chopped furniture with a saber, mistaking it for Victor, screamed, cried, complained, and for a whole month after that he was in a feverish delirium. Victor sincerely hoped that all this would pass, but the doctor’s diagnosis was inexorable: Eugene was terminally ill and needed hospitalization. His brother's madness was the first of the tragedies that darkened the life of the great writer.
Hugo at 30
Otherwise, complete agreement reigned in the young family. Four children were born one after another - Leopoldina, Charles, Adele and Francois-Victor. Like Sophie Trebuchet, Hugo's mother, Adele also began to get tired of her overly ardent, temperamental husband. In addition, she was a little bored and offended: Victor was completely carried away by his poetry, which she did not like and did not understand, and often left her alone. Therefore, the appearance of her husband’s new friend in the house - the ugly and sarcastic Charles-Augustin Sainte-Beuve - brought pleasant variety to her life. The “friend of the family” posed as a kind of meek lost sheep, whom the pious Adele undertook to return to the bosom of the Catholic Church. Victor was captivated by Sainte-Beuve with enthusiastic responses to his books. The owner of the house did not even notice that his “friend,” taking advantage of his absence, began to increasingly win his wife’s trust. Adele had reasons to complain about her selfish, domineering and overly ardent husband. The sympathetic “friend” magnified Victor’s shortcomings in her eyes and unobtrusively emphasized his own merits. His behavior was the height of meanness: leaving Hugo, he “confessed” to everyone how he loved Victor’s wife and how poor Adele suffered from the oppression of her rude and uncouth husband. When the poet tried to dot all the i's and nobly suggested to his opponent that Adele make the choice herself, he became embarrassed and offended - marrying a woman with four children was not part of his plans. But, being a newspaper critic, he exposed Hugo as a “scoundrel and a hypocrite.” For the sake of the children, Victor did not divorce Adele, who continued to maintain a relationship with Sainte-Beuve, but they began to live separately. And soon Great Love entered Hugo’s life.
Sainte-Beuve
Her name was Juliette Drouet. They met at the theater, where Hugo's next play, Lucretia Borgia, was being staged. Juliette, the most beautiful actress of the troupe, got only a small role of Princess Negroni - one appearance, a few lines. “There are no small roles in Mr. Hugo’s plays,” the beauty said, smiling at the author, and he was fascinated. Less than a few weeks later, a passionate “I love you!” was heard. and the sacramental “For life!” But, alas, the beloved genius did not at all resemble the “pure maiden” that Hugo once fell in love with Adele. Her life was difficult: raised by her uncle, a lonely retired soldier, she was left without a livelihood in her youth. Someone compassionately hired a young nymph with a beautiful figure as a model in the workshop of the sculptor Pradier, and he made Juliette his mistress. In 1827, having decided to marry profitably, he “floated” his annoying mistress to the theater, without giving a single franc to support their daughter Claire. The theater paid little, and like many beautiful actresses of that time, Drouet did not find anything better than to become a kept woman. By the time she met Hugo, she was considered one of the most beautiful courtesans in Paris.
At first, the beauty tried to “combine” romantic love for “her genius” with meetings with the rich Russian handsome Anatoly Demidov, who royally supported her. But Hugo, who did not tolerate rivals, posed the question bluntly: either love will “purify” Juliette, or... Drouet, who idolized Victor, agreed to become righteous, but she had 20 thousand francs in debt. For the thrifty Victor, this amount was fantastic. But he took it upon himself - on the condition that Juliette would leave her “old life” and start a new one. A madly in love woman enthusiastically exchanged a luxurious apartment for a poor attic; one of the “queens of the demimonde” agreed to lead a secluded life and have two cheap dresses in her wardrobe. She had to write down the money that Hugo gave her to live on, down to the last penny. She had no right to any extra expenses. Her whole life from now on consisted only of meetings with her “beloved master” and secretarial work with his creations. Amazingly, despite all this, Juliette felt incredibly happy.
Hugo, ardent and passionate, paid Juliette in kind. The idyll lasted for more than ten years. Then Juliette began to give up. Seclusion and economy had a detrimental effect on her beauty. Victor began to glance at other women. The conflict was aggravated by another tragedy. 19-year-old Leopoldina, Hugo's beloved daughter, drowned with her husband while riding on a yacht. The writer, killed by the death of his daughter, suddenly began to think that this was “God’s punishment” for his affair with Juliette. The pretty Leonie Biard, the wife of one of Hugo’s neighbors, took advantage of the poet’s torment. Flirting with Leonie turned into a terrible scandal for Victor: a jealous husband caught the couple “in the act” and brought the police. The lady was taken away, and Hugo was saved from arrest by the title of peer of France. However, even after leaving prison, Leoni, who received unexpected support from Adele Hugo, continued to pursue the writer. But she, naturally, did not agree to sacrifice everything for the sake of poverty and the role of “a friend of a genius.” And Juliette, compared to her, simply amazed with her self-denial.
The “Gordian knot” of relations was cut by the 1951 coup. Hugo, who did not favor Napoleon III, should have been arrested, and maybe even shot. Selfless Juliette saved his life: she hid him with her friends, risking her life, learned about the fate of other opponents of the regime, and most importantly: by some miracle she got him a foreign passport in someone else’s name. Together with his beloved, Hugo fled to Belgium, and then to the island of Guernsey.
But Juliette’s happiness there was short-lived. Soon Victor’s legal wife and children came to visit him, and Juliette had to settle in a modest apartment and be content with rare visits. Her “beloved master” was still infinitely attached to her, but wanted to keep up appearances. In addition, the aging Juliette was not enough for him for a long time, and many beautiful girls in Guernsey considered it lucky to be “liked” by the great writer. Juliette came to terms with this, although she suffered. Adele Hugo, whose relationship with her husband had long since become friendly, was simply not interested in Victor’s adventures. She was more concerned about her daughter Adele - deprived of the company of her peers due to her father’s political views, she “moved out of her mind” a little on this basis. Her mother was afraid that something terrible would happen to her - and she turned out to be right. During one of her mother's absences, Adele fled to England, and then to America - to look for the English lieutenant with whom she fell in love on the island. By the time she found him, the lieutenant had already married someone else, but Adele continued to pursue him even on the Pacific islands. Finally, a compassionate black woman brought her from there, already mentally ill, to her parents. They placed her in a clinic, where she remained until the end of her days. Victor Hugo lost his second daughter. It was too much for his wife. She died in 1868. Before her death, Madame Hugo managed to make peace with Juliette Drouet, and both women, who became simply friends and “angels” of Victor, retained deep respect for each other until the end of their lives. The death of Adele, and then the sons Charles and François-Victor, deeply shocked the aging writer.
Adele, daughter of Hugo
But he found his homeland again. The Franco-Prussian War swept away the empire of Napoleon III, and Hugo returned triumphantly to Paris. He remained the last of the Great Ones - and the most significant of them. Even crowned heads were quick to show their admiration and respect for the master. Emperor Pedro of Brazil visited Hugo at home, and in response to the owner’s introduction, “Before you is His Majesty Emperor Pedro,” he remarked: “There is only one Majesty here - Victor Hugo.” Juliette finally became the mistress of the house. She still suffered, knowing that her lover, who was over 70 years old, had been hit in the ribs by a demon - he changed his lovers like gloves, and most of them were not even 25 years old. Among his “passions” flashed famous names - Sarah Bernhardt, Judith Gautier, daughter of the writer Théophile Gautier, Jane Esler... But no one tried to encroach on her special place in the writer’s life. In 1883 they celebrated their "golden jubilee". “Fifty years of love is the best of marriages,” the poet wrote to the one who forever remained the Great Love for him. That same year, Juliette died. She was 77 years old.
Hugo himself lived to be eighty-three years old and died in 1885, on May 22. It was St. Julia's Day, a holiday that she and Juliette always considered the day of their Love.
Victor Hugo is a French writer, poet, playwright, politician, illustrator and memoirist. He is one of the key figures of French romanticism.
Hugo's most famous novels are Les Miserables, Notre Dame and The Man Who Laughs.
We present to your attention short biography of Victor Hugo.
Biography of Hugo
Victor Marie Hugo was born on February 26, 1802 in the eastern city of Besançon. He grew up in a wealthy family who lived in a three-story mansion.
His father, Leopold Sigisbert Hugo, was a general in the army. Mother, Sophie Trebuchet, was the daughter of a shipowner.
In addition to Victor, two more boys were born into the Hugo family.
Childhood and youth
As a child, the future writer was a very weak and sickly child. Due to the fact that the father was a military man, the family often had to change their place of residence.
Victor Hugo in his youthDuring their travels, they managed to live in Corsica, Italy, Spain and various French cities. All these travels left vivid impressions in little Victor’s soul.
Soon, frequent scandals began to arise between Victor Hugo's parents, caused by political differences.
Sophie was an ardent supporter of the Bourbons, while Leopold remained loyal to Napoleon Bonaparte.
Over time, the wife began to cheat on her husband with General Lagori. The couple began to communicate less and less and eventually decided to separate altogether.
Victor stayed to live with his mother, and his two brothers Abel and Eugene lived with their father.
An interesting fact is that later Sophie repeatedly tried to improve relations with her ex-husband, but he did not forgive her for her previous insults.
Creative biography of Hugo
In his early years, Victor Hugo liked biographies that were accurate, but his greatest interest was in .
As a child, he read many classical works and was also interested in ancient and modern poetry.
Soon, while studying at the Lyceum of Louis the Great, he composed several poems. At the same time, he wrote plays, based on which various school productions were later made.
When Hugo was 14 years old, he began translating the works of the ancient Roman poet Virgil. However, later the young man decided to burn the translations because he believed that they were far from perfect.
In 1819, he wrote the poems “Vvedensky Maidens” and “On the Restoration of the Statue of Henry IV,” for which Hugo was awarded two prizes at the “Jeux Floraux” competition.
The judges were amazed at how “adult” the aspiring writer’s works were.
At the age of 17, Victor, together with his brother Abel, began publishing the magazine “Literary Conservative”. Two years later, he published the collection “Odes,” which brought him some popularity in society.
Many critics predicted a great future for the young and talented poet.
Victor Hugo in 1853
Works of Hugo
Hugo wrote his works in the style of romanticism. In them, he paid special attention to various political and social issues, which was fundamentally different from romanticism, which gave preference to human qualities.
In 1829, Victor Hugo published the novel “The Last Day of a Man Condemned to Death,” in which he advocated the abolition of the death penalty.
After this, another serious work was published in the biography of Hugo - “The Man Who Laughs.” In it, he condemns various forms of violence emanating from representatives of the current government.
"Notre Dame Cathedral"
In 1831, Hugo presented his first historical novel, Notre-Dame de Paris. It showed the influence of the famous English writer.
In his novel, Victor Hugo touched on various political issues and also advocated the restoration of cultural monuments. That is why the Paris Cathedral, which was planned to be demolished, became the main location for the development of events.
"Les Miserables"
In 1862, one of the most iconic novels in his biography, Les Misérables, was published, which is still considered a world classic.
More than one film has been made based on this book.
In this work, Hugo raised such serious social issues as poverty, hunger, immorality, and also criticized representatives of the power elite.
Subtle psychological observations and vivid images of heroes against the backdrop of historical events are the distinctive features of Hugo's writing style.
"The Man Who Laughs"
Then, in the mid-1860s, Hugo wrote another of the key novels in his biography, “The Man Who Laughs.”
The main plot line of the novel is the tragedy of a child who finds himself thrown outside the boundaries of normal human life and becomes an absolute outcast due to a terrible deformity inflicted on him in early childhood.
Personal life
The first wife in the biography of Victor Hugo was Adele Fouché. In this marriage they had five children. Their family life could hardly be called happy. The wife treated her husband with disdain and often cheated on him.
It is interesting that Adele has not read a single work of her brilliant husband. Any touch from Victor irritated her, as a result of which Fouche often refused to fulfill his marital duty.
Victor Hugo and his wife Adele
Soon the writer falls in love with Juliet, who was the favorite of Prince Anatoly Demidov.
The girl dressed in luxurious outfits and did not lack anything. Having met Hugo, she left her patron and began dating the famous writer.
An interesting fact is that Victor was extremely stingy. He gave Juliette small amounts of money, controlling all her expenses.
As a result, his beloved began to look like a peasant woman. The girl could not afford anything and wore very modest clothes.
Soon, the aged Juliet ceased to interest Hugo, so he increasingly began to resort to the services of girls of easy virtue.
The writer's biographers claim that there was even a separate room in his house in which he received prostitutes.
Death
Victor Hugo died of pneumonia on May 22, 1885 at the age of 83. An interesting fact is that the funeral ceremony took place over 10 days.
About a million people came to see off the great French writer on his final journey.
The ashes of Victor Hugo rest in the Pantheon in Paris.
Photo by Victor Hugo
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